Genital Myiasis Research Articles

The effects of genital myiasis on the diversity of the vaginal microbiota in female Bactrian camels

BackgroundGenital myasis is one of the most important diseases that affects the reproductive organs of Bactrian camels in which can cause serious mechanical damage to the vaginal tissue. The accumulation of bacteria in the vagina of female camels can affect their health and reproductive ability. The effect of this damage is commonly manifested in the vaginal flora and vaginal mucosal immune system. Therefore, this investigation is a study of the diversity of the vaginal flora and the differences between healthy Bactrian camels and those suffering from genital myiasis.ResultsVaginal microbiota samples were collected from two groups of female Bactrian camels of the same age. An Illumina MiSeq was used to sequence the 16S rRNA V3-V4 hypervariable sequence in the samples. The results showed that the vaginal microflora of the infected camels had a significantly greater operational taxonomic unit (OTU) value. According to the assessment of the alpha diversity index and the vaginal pH, the diversity index of the infected camel flora was higher than that of the normal camel flora, and the vaginal pH was lower than that of the normal camels (p < 0.01). There were no significant differences between the two groups in the abundance of dominant genera in the Bactrian camel vagina (P > 0.05), indicating that the certain stability is maintained.ConclusionsOverall, this comparison revealed the differences and similarities between the vaginal microbiota of Bactrian camels in various health statues. In addition, these data provide a reference point for understanding the types of bacteria that cause genital myiasis affecting the healthy development of Bactrian camels.

Epidemiological Investigation on Genital Myiasis of Bactrian Camels in Parts of Inner Mongolia, China

The incidence and prevalence of Bactrian camel genital myiasis seriously endanger the health of camels and hinder the healthy development of Bactrian camel industry. In order to further understand the epidemic situation of the disease in main production areas of Bactrian camels in Inner Mongolia, China, from May to October 2021, 3 areas with severe incidences in Alxa Left Banner, Urad North Banner and Durbed Banner were selected for epidemiological investigation. Total of 2038 female camels in 21 camel herds were investigated. The results showed that the overall prevalence rate was 26.6%, the highest incidence group reached 82.6%, while the lowest group was only 1.4%. The prevalence rates of Bactrian camel genital myiasis in Alxa Left Banner, Urad North Banner and Durbed Banner was 28.0%, 23.8% and 23.7%, respectively. The pathogen of Bactrian camel genital myiasis is Wohlfahrtia magnifica, and the highest prevalence often occurs in July to August in each year. The prevalence rate in female camels under 5 year-old was lower than that of in adult camels, and it was highest in female camels between 5-15 years old and give birth 2-4 times and no deaths were found. The prevalence rate in free-range female camels was higher than that in half-house-raised camels, and the morbidity was lowest in fully-housed female camels. Camels grazing on pastures near the lakes and riverbanks had higher morbidity than that of in camels grazing on other pastures. Therefore, the morbidity of genital myiasis in Bactrian camels is significantly affected by age, number of deliveries, feeding method, different regions and pasture types.

Urogenital Myiasis in Wolaita Sodo, Southern Ethiopia: Case Report

Background: Myiasis is the infestation of human beings with fly larvae which feed on hosts living or dead tissue. The diagnosis of this case made by presence of larvae in affected body parts. In tropical countries myiasis can present commonly but still there is no a report of Urogenital myiasis case presentation in the case of Ethiopia. Case presentation : A 19 years old male patient presented to Dermatology clinic at wolaita sodo university teaching and referral hospital with complaining of an itchy and painful small red raised/nodular/a painful penile lesion on the urethral meatus and glans of penis and on physical examination shows well demarcated centrally punctuated nodular lesion over the glans of the penis and urethral meatus with serous exudates discharge from opening that had appeared on the lesion. He had been treated with antibiotics treated for suspected Furuncle before three weeks at early onset, but not improved. Then the patient was successfully managed by manual removal of larvae after white petrolatum Vaseline application and local anesthesia for twenty minutes and antibiotics therapy. Conclusion: Genital myiasis should be considered as differential diagnosis for nodular lesions on the gentalia, particularly in tropical countries where myiasis is more frequent, as in the case presented. Keywords: Myiasis, Urogenital, wolaita sodo, Infestation DOI : 10.7176/JHMN/59-08

Myiasis associated with penile carcinoma: a new trend in developing countries?

ABSTRACTObjectives The aim of this study is to report an unusual form of penile cancer presentation associated with myiasis infestation, treatment options and outcomes.Materials and Methods We studied 10 patients with suspected malignant neoplasm of the penis associated with genital myiasis infestation. Diagnostic assessment was conducted through clinical history, physical examination, penile biopsy, larvae identification and computerized tomography scan of the chest, abdomen and pelvis. Clinical and pathological staging was done according to 2002 TNM classification system. Radical inguinal lymphadenectomy was conducted according to the primary penile tumor pathology and clinical lymph nodes status.Results Patients age ranged from 41 to 77 years (mean=62.4). All patients presented squamous cell carcinoma of the penis in association with myiasis infestation caused by Psychoda albipennis. Tumor size ranged from 4cm to 12cm (mean=5.3). Circumcision was conducted in 1 (10%) patient, while penile partial penectomy was performed in 5 (50%). Total penectomy was conducted in 2 (20%) patients, while emasculation was the treatment option for 2 (20%). All patients underwent radical inguinal lymphadenectomy. Prophylactic lymphadenectomy was performed on 3 (30%) patients, therapeutic on 5 (50%), and palliative lymphadenectomy on 2 (20%) patients. Time elapsed from primary tumor treatment to radical inguinal lymphadenectomy was 2 to 6 weeks. The mean follow-up was 34.3 months.Conclusion The occurrence of myiasis in the genitalia is more common in patients with precarious hygienic practices and low socio-economic level. The treatment option varied according to the primary tumor presentation and clinical lymph node status.

A rare case of genital myiasis in a woman with psychiatric disturbance

A middle-aged psychiatric woman was brought to the casualty by national health ambulance. The patient was a destitute and had psychiatric illness. Local examination revealed irreducible third-degree uterovaginal prolapse with necrotic ulcerated areas infested with maggots. The patient was managed conservatively with the removal of maggots with 100% turpentine oil, culture-sensitive antibiotics, and local antiseptics. With treatment, the prolapsed mass got free of maggots, the ulcerated areas healed, and prolapsed mass became reducible.

Vulvar myiasis: A rare case report

Introduction: Myiasis is a parasitic infestation of tissues of living vertebrae by the larvae of dipterous flies. The condition usually occurs on exposed part of the body. The location of myiasis is very rarely seen on the vulvar area. Case Report: We present a case of vulvar myiasis affecting a 72-year-old female. The patient was investigated for any predisposing factor. The larvae were removed after application of turpentine oil. Conclusion: Genital myiasis is very uncommon. Awareness of the disease and careful examination of the lesion is important for making correct diagnosis.

Genital myiasis of a sheep by Wohlfahrtia magnifica, in Ghamsar, Kashan, Iran

Obligatory myiasis is invasion of vertebrate live tissue by fly larvae. This is a case report of genital myiasis caused by Wohlfahrtia magnifica in a sheep from Ghazaan village, near Ghamsar, in south of Kashan town, Iran. A sheep separated from its flock during grazing because of anorexia. Physical exam revealed genital myiasis in animal. Larvaes of fly had caused a deep wound in genital organ of this sheep. All the larvaes were removed from wound and transported to Entomology laboratory of Environmental Health Group, Kashan Medical Sciences University. Laboratory tests determined that larvaes belongs to Wohlfahrtia magnifica species. This is the first report of genital myiasis of sheep in Iran. After removing larvaes, the wound was washed with Betadine a few times, and topical antibiotics were administrated. The wound improved after a few days. The collected larvaes were cultivated in a culture medi-um with fresh meat, reached their maturity, and transformed to pupa. Pupa amounted in laboratory temperature after 5 days. Adult fly was mounted on a stereomicroscope and diagnosed as Wohlfahrtia magnifica. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjms.v13i3.15451 Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.13(3) 2014 p.332-335

Genital myiasis by Wohlfahrtia magnifica (Diptera, Sarcophagidae) in Sicily (Italy)

Wohlfahrtia magnifica (Schiner, 1862; Diptera: Sarcophagidae), known also as flesh fly or screwworm, is a fly distributed especially in south Europe, Middle East, North Africa and China. Maggots of W. magnifica are responsible for traumatic myiasis in warm-blooded vertebrate animals and humans. In Italy data on wohlfahrtiosis in animals and humans are scant. This paper reports three cases of genital myiasis by W. magnifica in Sicily that occurred in a goat, a ram and a dog, respectively. Maggots were found in the vulva of a goat, in a wound localised in the scrotum of a ram and in the prepuce of a dog. Although the disease was not recorded before in the region, data collected from a questionnaire specifically designed for the study suggest that the disease is endemic in the area for more than 20 years. Larger epidemiological studies in the region are needed to get more data on disease prevalence and pattern of infestation as well as more information and education is needed for both farmers and veterinarians on wohlfahrtiosis and its strategies of control and treatment.

Myiasis in the uterine cavity of an elderly woman with a complete uterine prolapse

Myiasis is the infestation of the tissues of vertebrate animals by the larvae of flies (maggots). As the condition generally occurs in exposed areas of the body, genital myiasis is a rare condition, and myiasis of the uterine cavity is even rarer, only one case having been previously described in the literature. The case reported here describes myiasis of the uterine cavity and ulcerated vaginal mucosa of an 89-year-old woman with a severe (third-degree) genital prolapse. This case describes an extremely rare situation, and emphasizes the need for good hygiene and surgical correction in patients with a genital prolapse.

Genital myiasis in a woman with psychiatric disturbance

Genital myiasis in a woman with psychiatric disturbance

Effect of ectoparasites on hematochemicals and therapeutic studies on sarcoptic mange in Camel

Genital infestations caused by Wohlfahrtia magnifica (Schiner, 1862) has been reported as being a common problem encountered in female camels in the Gobi desert. Thus, a field investigation to establish the prevalence of wohlfarthiosis in camel herds in the eastern Gobi district was carried out between May and July 1994. The objectives of the study were to establish the relevance of genital myiasis, and to describe the disease patterns, clinical course and pathomorphological changes associated with it. The field study was designed to suit the specific ecological, infrastructural and logistic conditions. Two cross-sectional samples were taken from 45 selected herds in six different areas of the Chatanbulag Sumon to obtain data on herd structure, age distribution, and the breeding history of infested female animals. Post partum events and previous occurrence of genital myiasis were recorded by use of a standardised questionnaire. Clinically infested animals were first detected visually. All camels to be investigated further were subsequently immobilised using ropes and the genitals were examined for tissue lesions and the presence of larvae. Examination of 1676 Bactrian camels from 45 selected herds in six different areas of the Chatanbulag Sumon in the Eastern Gobi district, Mongolia, led to an estimate of Wohlfahrtia magnifica infestation rates between 8–10%. Most myiasis cases were found in older females (>4 yr), younger animals were infested at a lower rate. Highest prevalence rates were discovered during June and July, highest levels of infestation occurred in the Aman Us Chudak region with infestation rates up to 15%.

Genital myiasis (Wohlfahrtiosis) in camel herds of Mongolia

Genital infestations caused by Wohlfahrtia magnifica (Schiner, 1862) has been reported as being a common problem encountered in female camels in the Gobi desert. Thus, a field investigation to establish the prevalence of wohlfarthiosis in camel herds in the eastern Gobi district was carried out between May and July 1994. The objectives of the study were to establish the relevance of genital myiasis, and to describe the disease patterns, clinical course and pathomorphological changes associated with it. The field study was designed to suit the specific ecological, infrastructural and logistic conditions. Two cross-sectional samples were taken from 45 selected herds in six different areas of the Chatanbulag Sumon to obtain data on herd structure, age distribution, and the breeding history of infested female animals. Post partum events and previous occurrence of genital myiasis were recorded by use of a standardised questionnaire. Clinically infested animals were first detected visually. All camels to be investigated further were subsequently immobilised using ropes and the genitals were examined for tissue lesions and the presence of larvae. Examination of 1676 Bactrian camels from 45 selected herds in six different areas of the Chatanbulag Sumon in the Eastern Gobi district, Mongolia, led to an estimate of Wohlfahrtia magnifica infestation rates between 8–10%. Most myiasis cases were found in older females (>4 yr), younger animals were infested at a lower rate. Highest prevalence rates were discovered during June and July, highest levels of infestation occurred in the Aman Us Chudak region with infestation rates up to 15%.