Cancer of the cervical region, which is caused by highly susceptible HPV types and serves as the fourth leading malignancy to develop in women worldwide, is the main public health objective of the HPV vaccine. Furthermore, it is imperative that you prevent genital warts and malignancies, including anal, oral, and vaginal cancers, that are associated with high risk HPV. Currently, nevertheless, there exist regional and national differences in the prevalence of HPV infection and vaccination as well as within various populations. In order to provide relevant recommendations for future research on the relevant situation, this paper analyzes the literature on the mechanism of action and application of the nine-valent and quadrivalent HPV vaccines, in addition to the technological innovation and development of vaccine R&D, challenges associated with vaccine R&D, and future development trends. Though future research can concentrate on the study of other cancers produced by HPV in other pertinent directions, this publication concentrates on the study of cervical cancers caused by high-risk HPV strains. Future research can look on linked cancers.