Generic Connections Research Articles

Stability estimates for the holonomy inverse problem

On a Riemannian manifold (M, g) with Anosov geodesic flow, the problem of recovering a connection from the knowledge of traces of its holonomies along primitive closed geodesics is known as the holonomy inverse problem. In this paper, we prove Hölder type stability estimates for this inverse problem: locally, near generic connections; globally, for line bundles, and for vector bundles satisfying a certain low-rank assumption over negatively curved base (M, g). The proofs are based on a combination of microlocal analysis along with a new non-Abelian approximate Livšic Theorem in hyperbolic dynamics.

Moduli Space of Factorized Ramified Connections and Generalized Isomonodromic Deformation

We introduce the notion of factorized ramified structure on a generic ramified irregular singular connection on a smooth projective curve. By using the deformation theory of connections with factorized ramified structure, we construct a canonical 2-form on the moduli space of ramified connections. Since the factorized ramified structure provides a duality on the tangent space of the moduli space, the 2-form becomes nondegenerate. We prove that the 2-form on the moduli space of ramified connections is d -closed via constructing an unfolding of the moduli space. Based on the Stokes data, we introduce the notion of local generalized isomonodromic deformation for generic unramified irregular singular connections on a unit disk. Applying the Jimbo-Miwa-Ueno theory to generic unramified connections, the local generalized isomonodromic deformationis equivalent to the extendability of the family of connections to an integrable connection. We give the same statement for ramified connections. Based on this principle of Jimbo-Miwa-Ueno theory, we construct a global generalized isomonodromic deformation on the moduli space of generic ramified connections by constructing a horizontal lift of a universal family of connections. As a consequence of the global generalized isomonodromic deformation, we can lift the relative symplectic form on the moduli space to a total closed form, which is called a generalized isomonodromic 2-form.

Role-based lateral movement detection with unsupervised learning

Adversarial lateral movement via compromised accounts remains difficult to discover via traditional rule-based defenses because it generally lacks explicit indicators of compromise. We propose a behavior-based, unsupervised method of lateral movement detection that makes essential use system role—the functions it performs on the network—to identify anomalous inter-system connections. It is based on the observation that the remote hosts a particular system communicates with over time can be organized into a stable and learnable set of roles, and that the roles of the two hosts on either end of a normal connection determine the dynamics of the processes that support the connection, e.g. authentication of a workstation against a Domain Controller involves an idiosyncratic sequences of processes. If a process is compromised by an attacker and used to facilitate lateral movement, these normal patterns might be disrupted in discernible ways. We use unsupervised learning to cluster systems according to role, and then apply frequent-itemset mining to process sequences to establish regular patterns of communication between systems based on role. Rare process sequences might indicate malicious lateral movement, as might generic connections made to remote hosts with novel roles.

Over there: rethinking American First World War literature and culture – Introduction

ABSTRACT This Special Issue of First World War Studies considers the specifically American literary and cultural production of the First World War and what distinguishes it from other national war literatures and cultures. Together the articles seek to assess how we should characterize, theorize and categorize American First World War cultural production. Despite the many memorials and memory sites to American participation, and the impact of the recent centenary, public memory of the conflict in the US remains minimal, overshadowed by the Civil War on one side and the Second World War and the Vietnam War on the other. The Eurocentric focus of the key works of First World War cultural criticism – by Paul Fussell, Samuel Hynes, Modris Eksteins and Jay Winter – is perhaps due to what Hazel Hutchison notes as the strange place of the war in American cultural memory, as a war which ‘has never quite captured the public imagination’ (The War That Used Up Words: American Writers and the First World War, 2015). Instead it is usually focused through the ‘lost generation’ writers of the 1920s: Hemingway, Faulkner, Fitzgerald, et al. Bringing together a range of scholars and drawing predominantly on literature and film by male and female non-combatants as well as participants, the case studies here consider American First World War novels, poetry, political papers, film, and screenplays. Interdisciplinary readings allow the contributors to find generic tropes and connections across different media. In this way we seek to contribute to an ongoing conversation about American First World War cultural production, and a critical field that is very much still in the process of formation and consolidation.

On the Design of Continuously Variable Transmissions with Bidirectional Bridge Structures for Hybrid Vehicles

To increase the energy efficiency of road vehicles, an ideal transmission system should have a wide ratio coverage, a high torque capacity, and a high mechanical efficiency. Continuously variable units (CVUs) have been successfully implemented due to the smooth ratio variation, sufficient torque capacity, and ratio coverage. Hence, it will be beneficial to develop a hybrid powertrain comprising a CVU. In this paper, a design method called the “basic path diagram” (BPD) is proposed. It provides a simplified schematic of the system and represents the generic connections among the mechanical components. The system configurations synthesized by the BPD can be sorted according to three characteristics: Direction of power flows through the CVU, coupling pattern of the power inputs, and number of transmission paths parallel to the CVU. The first characteristic determines the number of times the CVU ratio coverage can be exploited, the second characteristic determines whether the torque of the power inputs can be independently controlled, and the third characteristic can help reduce the torque loading of the CVU. With the aid of a BPD, one of the possible system configurations is provided as an example. The result shows that the system can exploit twice the ratio coverage of the CVU and reduce the torque and power transmitted by the CVU in combination with planetary gearsets.

Gravity: local or nonlocal

While gravity is often imagined to have the characteristics of a local gauge theory, no such gauge theory has so far been constructed, with all attempts at quantum gravity leading to nonrenormalizable infinities. All known gauge theories, however, have both local and nonlocal aspects, and it is worth exploring how far we can describe gravity using a nonlocal starting point. It is suggested that this leads to a local theory which privileges inertia rather than gravity. Such a theory based on a repulsive force, would be renormalizable, and it would also have consequences that can be linked to cosmological redshift, dark energy and possibly also dark matter. It further suggests generic connections between gravity and inertia and between general relativity and Newtonian gravity.

IMPLEMENTING GENRE PEDAGOGY IN CONTENT INSTRUCTION: LESSONS FROM SWEDEN

Drawing upon studies conducted in Sweden, this article discusses possibilities and limits of implementing genre pedagogy in content instruction. The wider educational concern is how knowledge of genre and language can be used to promote a deeper engagement with content knowledge. The linguistic theory underpinning genre pedagogy and the pedagogic-practical teaching/learning cycle is explained. Then, two empirical studies of genre-based teaching in Geography in Grade 6 are reviewed, with a particular focus on the texts used as models for the students own writing. The studies show two contrasting sides of genre-based intervention: one in which generic structures and other features of texts are used productively to engage with content knowledge and one in which attention to generic structure and logical connections comes at the expense of the negotiation of content knowledge. The article concludes with recommendations for implementing genre pedagogy.DOI: 10.24071/ijiet.2020.040101

СУТНІСТЬ БАГАТСТВА В БІЗНЕС-КУЛЬТУРІ: СОЦІАЛЬНО-ФІЛОСОФСЬКИЙ АНАЛІЗ

On the basis of socio-philosophical and organizational anthropological controversy, the position of understanding and purposeful achievement of the phenomenon of wealth through social practices is considered and constructed. The generic connections of the concept within the continuum of wealth — poverty are analyzed. There are two levels of wealth research, namely personal and organizational. In the modern Ukrainian information environment, various kinds of myths-traps constantly dominate, which distort the worldview of citizens regarding the understanding of the phenomenon and ways to achieve wealth. Abstract forms of thinking are associated with the further distortion of the social practices and business culture of our society, generating «chimeras of rapid enrichment» and «ideals of a rich life» in a consumer society. Radical hedonism, selfishness and cynicism are presented in the sense of the obligatory modes of existence of modern man, who strives to gain wealth and become happy. There is a radical simulation and substitution of the essences of human existence. Conceptual and categorical analysis of «poverty — wealth» is carried out, using systemic, integral, linguistic and descriptive approaches.

Deformed Weitzenböck Connections and Double Field Theory

AbstractWe revisit the generalized connection of Double Field Theory. We implement a procedure that allow us to re‐write the Double Field Theory equations of motion in terms of geometric quantities (like generalized torsion and non‐metricity tensors) based on other connections rather than the usual generalized Levi‐Civita connection and the generalized Riemann curvature. We define a generalized contorsion tensor and obtain, as a particular case, the Teleparallel equivalent of Double Field Theory. To do this, we first need to revisit generic connections in standard geometry written in terms of first‐order derivatives of the vielbein in order to obtain equivalent theories to Einstein Gravity (like for instance the Teleparallel gravity case). The results are then easily extrapolated to DFT.

Compressive Column Load Identification in Steel Space Frames Using Second-Order Deflection-Based Methods

This paper presents a comparison of two static nondestructive methods used to assess compressive loads in columns of steel space frames. The first method requires knowledge of the flexural rigidity of the column under investigation, whereas the second method requires knowledge of the column’s buckling load. In each method, short-term displacements are measured at given cross-sections along the member under examination, which is subjected to an additional transverse load. The two methods were verified in this study through experimental and numerical tests on a column of a small-scale space frame prototype with generic connections and end conditions. Estimations of compressive forces were generally reliable when second-order effects were accurately considered. In conclusion, the two methods can be successfully used to test steel space frames in a laboratory or under real conditions.

Deforming black hole and cosmological solutions by quasiperiodic and/or pattern forming structures in modified and Einstein gravity

We elaborate on the anholonomic frame deformation method, AFDM, for constructing exact solutions with quasiperiodic structure in modified gravity theories, MGTs, and general relativity, GR. Such solutions are described by generic off-diagonal metrics, nonlinear and linear connections and (effective) matter sources with coefficients depending on all spacetime coordinates via corresponding classes of generation and integration functions and (effective) matter sources. There are studied effective free energy functionals and nonlinear evolution equations for generating off-diagonal quasiperiodic deformations of black hole and/or homogeneous cosmological metrics. The physical data for such functionals are stated by different values of constants and prescribed symmetries for defining quasiperiodic structures at cosmological scales, or astrophysical objects in nontrivial gravitational backgrounds some similar forms as in condensed matter physics. It is shown how quasiperiodic structures determined by general nonlinear, or additive, functionals for generating functions and (effective) sources may transform black hole like configurations into cosmological metrics and inversely. We speculate on possible implications of quasiperiodic solutions in dark energy and dark matter physics. Finally, it is concluded that geometric methods for constructing exact solutions consist an important alternative tool to numerical relativity for investigating nonlinear effects in astrophysics and cosmology.

Generic injectivity and stability of inverse problems for connections

ABSTRACTWe consider the nonlinear problem of determining a connection and a Higgs field from the corresponding parallel transport along geodesics on a compact Riemannian manifold with boundary, in any dimension. The problem can be reduced to an integral geometry question of some attenuated geodesic ray transform through a pseudolinearization argument. We show injectivity (up to natural obstructions) and stability estimates for both the linear and nonlinear problems for generic simple metrics and generic connections and Higgs fields, including the real-analytic ones. We consider the problems on simple manifolds to make the exposition of the main ideas clear and concise, many results of this paper still hold under some assumptions weaker than simplicity.

Off-diagonal deformations of Kerr metrics and black ellipsoids in heterotic supergravity

Geometric methods for constructing exact solutions of equations of motion with first order alpha ^{prime } corrections to the heterotic supergravity action implying a nontrivial Yang–Mills sector and six-dimensional, 6-d, almost-Kähler internal spaces are studied. In 10-d spacetimes, general parametrizations for generic off-diagonal metrics, nonlinear and linear connections, and matter sources, when the equations of motion decouple in very general forms are considered. This allows us to construct a variety of exact solutions when the coefficients of fundamental geometric/physical objects depend on all higher-dimensional spacetime coordinates via corresponding classes of generating and integration functions, generalized effective sources and integration constants. Such generalized solutions are determined by generic off-diagonal metrics and nonlinear and/or linear connections; in particular, as configurations which are warped/compactified to lower dimensions and for Levi-Civita connections. The corresponding metrics can have (non-) Killing and/or Lie algebra symmetries and/or describe (1+2)-d and/or (1+3)-d domain wall configurations, with possible warping nearly almost-Kähler manifolds, with gravitational and gauge instantons for nonlinear vacuum configurations and effective polarizations of cosmological and interaction constants encoding string gravity effects. A series of examples of exact solutions describing generic off-diagonal supergravity modifications to black hole/ellipsoid and solitonic configurations are provided and analyzed. We prove that it is possible to reproduce the Kerr and other type black solutions in general relativity (with certain types of string corrections) in the 4-d case and to generalize the solutions to non-vacuum configurations in (super-) gravity/string theories.

How do parcellation size and short-range connectivity affect dynamics in large-scale brain network models?

Recent efforts to model human brain activity on the scale of the whole brain rest on connectivity estimates of large-scale networks derived from diffusion magnetic resonance imaging (dMRI). This type of connectivity describes white matter fiber tracts. The number of short-range cortico-cortical white-matter connections is, however, underrepresented in such large-scale brain models. It is still unclear on the one hand, which scale of representation of white matter fibers is optimal to describe brain activity on a large-scale such as recorded with magneto- or electroencephalography (M/EEG) or functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), and on the other hand, to which extent short-range connections that are typically local should be taken into account. In this article we quantified the effect of connectivity upon large-scale brain network dynamics by (i) systematically varying the number of brain regions before computing the connectivity matrix, and by (ii) adding generic short-range connections. We used dMRI data from the Human Connectome Project. We developed a suite of preprocessing modules called SCRIPTS to prepare these imaging data for The Virtual Brain, a neuroinformatics platform for large-scale brain modeling and simulations. We performed simulations under different connectivity conditions and quantified the spatiotemporal dynamics in terms of Shannon Entropy, dwell time and Principal Component Analysis. For the reconstructed connectivity, our results show that the major white matter fiber bundles play an important role in shaping slow dynamics in large-scale brain networks (e.g. in fMRI). Faster dynamics such as gamma oscillations (around 40 Hz) are sensitive to the short-range connectivity if transmission delays are considered.

Like strangers we trust: Identity and generic affiliation networks

Sociological research on collective behavior provides strong evidence for the sources of collective action and shared attitudes based on overlapping experience. We know, for example, that members of social movement organizations are likely to share similar beliefs. However, a significant portion of the prior research on shared behaviors or attitudes analyzes individuals who do not know one another. This research using large surveys often infers overlapping experience based on generic connections: People in unions generally or church groups generally are likely to hold similar beliefs or engage in similar behaviors as if they were in the same unions or church groups. In this paper, I challenge this simple inference by arguing that the generic affiliations we hold contribute to our identity. Specifically, our identities can, in part, be seen as a network of overlapping roles based on generic affiliations. Findings indicate the importance of considering generic affiliation networks when modeling trust and political partisanship. Individuals who share multiple affiliations often appear to be similar to one another along a number of socio-demographic dimensions and report similar attitudes. Conclusions highlight the promise and challenge of relational approaches to social life.

Estimating the epidemic threshold on networks by deterministic connections.

For many epidemic networks some connections between nodes are treated as deterministic, while the remainder are random and have different connection probabilities. By applying spectral analysis to several constructed models, we find that one can estimate the epidemic thresholds of these networks by investigating information from only the deterministic connections. Nonetheless, in these models, generic nonuniform stochastic connections and heterogeneous community structure are also considered. The estimation of epidemic thresholds is achieved via inequalities with upper and lower bounds, which are found to be in very good agreement with numerical simulations. Since these deterministic connections are easier to detect than those stochastic connections, this work provides a feasible and effective method to estimate the epidemic thresholds in real epidemic networks.

Moduli of unramified irregular singular parabolic connections on a smooth projective curve

In this paper we construct a coarse moduli scheme of stable unramified irregular singular parabolic connections on a smooth projective curve and prove that the constructed moduli space is smooth and has a symplectic structure. Moreover we will construct the moduli space of generalized monodromy data coming from topological monodromies, formal monodromies, links and Stokes data associated to the generic irregular connections. We will prove that for a generic choice of generalized local exponents, the generalized Riemann-Hilbert correspondence from the moduli space of the connections to the moduli space of the associated generalized monodromy data gives an analytic isomorphism. This shows that differential systems arising from (generalized) isomonodromic deformations of corresponding unramified irregular singular parabolic connections admit geometric Painlev\'e property as in the regular singular cases proved generally in [8].

RICCI FLOWS AND SOLITONIC pp-WAVES

We find exact solutions describing Ricci flows of four-dimensional pp-waves nonlinearly deformed by two-/three-dimensional solitons. Such solutions are parametrized by five-dimensional metrics with generic off-diagonal terms and connections with nontrivial torsion which can be related, for instance, to antisymmetric tensor sources in string gravity. There are defined nontrivial limits to four-dimensional configurations and the Einstein gravity.

Structural behavior of lapped cold-formed steel Z sections with generic bolted configurations

In order to improve the buildability of cold-formed steel structures, a series of research and development projects have been undertaken by the authors to study the structural behavior of bolted moment connections between cold-formed steel sections. As one of the major applications of cold-formed steel sections in building construction is modern roof structures with multi-span purlin systems, an extensive experimental and theoretical investigation on the structural behavior of lapped moment connections between cold-formed steel Z sections was carried out. Both generic configurations with high structural efficiency were adopted, namely, Config. W4 and W6, in which only the webs of the sections were bolted together for easy installation. Moreover, an analysis and design method was proposed to assess both the moment resistance and the effective flexural rigidity of the generic lapped connections. The research work aims to provide understanding on the structural behavior of cold-formed steel Z sections with lapped connections, and hence, to develop a set of rational design rules for multi-span purlin systems with overlaps. In order to verify the applicability of the proposed analysis and design method for other commonly adopted connection configurations, namely, Config. W2F2 and W4F2 where bolts were installed to both section webs and flanges within the lapped connections, an experimental and theoretical investigation on a total of 12 one point load tests on lapped cold-formed steel Z sections were carried out. Among all tests, section failure under combined bending and shear at the ends of lap was found to be critical while twisting of the lapped Z sections was apparent throughout the entire deformation ranges. In general, the structural behavior of lapped connections with Config. W2F2 and W4F2 was found to be similar to those with Config. W4 and W6. Moreover, the formulation of the proposed analysis and design method was modified to accommodate the presence of the flange bolts, and back analysis of the lapped Z sections against combined bending and shear using the proposed method was performed. After careful calibration against test data, the method was shown to be structurally adequate and efficient for lapped connections with Config. W2F2 and W4F2. Moreover, simple design expressions were also proposed for the evaluation of effective flexural rigidities of the lapped connections. Comparison on the structural behavior between the two sets of connection configurations was also presented.

David A. Wells (review)

MLRy 100.3, 2005 855 his tact is best seen as a successful stratagem, to produce precisely the sense of an irreconcilable dichotomy. San Roman's essay thus opens up a more interesting ques? tion about the rhetoric of tact, but draws back from furtherinvestigation. Likewise, Henry Ettinghausen's description of the way in which seventeenthcentury Spanish new sources extolled Spanish might, disparaged the Turkish infidel, and generally served as a mechanism of social control (no great revelations there, I feel) rather misses a trick when he passes almost silently over the observation that the Crown would use these pamphlets also as 'a semi-official kite-flying exercise', testing reactions to proposals and so establishing 'a dialectical relationship between government and public opinion' (p. 239). Ettinghausen's missed opportunity is per? haps symptomatic of the way in which a collection that sets out to be so ambitious in the ends suffersfrom its own lack of assertiveness. University of British Columbia Jon Beasley-Murray The Central Franconian Rhyming Bible ('Mittelfrankische Reimbibel'): An Early Twelfth-Century German Verse Homiliary. A Thematic and Exegetical Commen? tary with the Text and a Translation into English. By David A. Wells. (Amsterdamer Publikationen zur Sprache und Literatur, 155) Amsterdam and New York: Rodopi. 2004. xvi + 359 pp. ?90. ISBN 90-420-0860-1. This well-conceived and attractively presented volume constitutes a definitive guide to the so-called Central Franconian Rhyming Bible, a fragmentary Early Middle High German work thought to date fromthe firsthalf ofthe twelfthcentury. To supplement the text itself (which is essentially that of Friedrich Maurer's edition of 1964, with a few emendations based on more recent scholarship), David Wells offersan accurate and carefully nuanced translation into English, as well as an admirable section-bysection commentary. The commentary is particularly valuable, not only because ofthe way in which it elucidates this particular literarywork, but also because itconstitutes a thesaurus of information on early medieval theological traditions, exegetical practices, and spiritual commonplaces; the breadth of scholarship on display will be of potential benefit to all scholars working on Middle High German religious literature. The detailed introductory and concluding sections provide a careful assessment of this text in its literary,liturgical, and theological context, and make particularly good use of recent developments in sermon studies. The Central Franconian Rhyming Bible includes select episodes from the Old Tes? tament (mostly from Genesis and Exodus); certain incidents from the life of Christ; and a few hagiographical narratives (including accounts of the Inventio Crucis and the Exaltatio Crucis). In its presentation of this material, the work is characterized by a certain ambiguity in genre, a feature which is compounded by its fragmentary sta? tus. Although earlier scholars believed that the surviving fragments might represent a religious epic encompassing the whole of salvation history from the Creation to the Last Judgement, this view has been superseded, and the work is now thought to have stronger generic connections with the sermon (or collection of sermons) than with the epic, or with other forms of comprehensive biblical narrative. As Wells points out, even the use of the term 'Bible' in the title is something of a misnomer, since the work is 'primarily a sequence of homiletic narratives more familiar from analogous texts in prose' (p. 3). With respect to the ordering of the material, Wells draws particular attention to the tension between the anonymous poet's narrative mode, which would appear to favour the presentation of episodes on the basis of their historical sequence, and the liturgical framework attaching to the homiletic source material. Wells suggests that this unresolved tension between the historical and liturgical approaches is the 856 Reviews most serious indicator of the poet's 'literary ineptitude and lack of control' (p. 276), but also notes that the body of vernacular homiletic material on which this poet was drawing is unlikely to have been available in a particularly coherent or well-structured form. By way of contrast, Wells draws on the Old English homiletic corpus of i^Elfric of Eynsham, which has been organized by 'a single tidy mind' (p. 266). However, although Wells makes no claims for any particular aesthetic merits in this text, he clearly communicates enthusiasm...