Generation Of Pioneers Research Articles

The Transmission, Establishment and Cross-cultural Integration of Chinese Medicine in the Mainstream Healthcare, through the Eyes of a Generation of Visionaries and Pioneers

Abstract It has historically been very difficult to trace the history of the westward transmission of Chinese medicine through the accounts of its protagonists. Many of the early scholars such as Jack Worsley, Dick Van Buren, and Joe Goodman were reluctant to divulge information about the source of their knowledge, or their professional qualifications. Others, such as John Shen and Hong Yuan-bain were early 20th century immigrants who transmitted highly personalized versions of acupuncture and Chinese medicine to select disciples. Eventually, a new class of scholars appeared, including names such as Ted Kaptchuk, Peter Deadman, Nigel Wiseman, William Morris, Peter Eckman, John McDonald, Charles Buck, and the late Giovanni Maciocia who looked for answers back in China, developed translation methodologies and terminology, compiled the main textbooks currently in use at TCM colleges, overcame enormous scholastic adversity, developed courses and pursued the regulation and accreditation of TCM in various countries. This special issue synopsizes the path towards the global acculturation of TCM over the last 50 years, the main protagonists, the enormous accomplishments they have achieved for the profession, their philosophy, their clinical perspectives and visions for the future.

Review of the European Association for Percutaneous Cardiovascular Interventions Congress (EuroPCR) 2023

The European Association for Percutaneous Cardiovascular Interventions (EAPCI) hosted the 2023 edition of EuroPCR, a 4-day course, at the Palais des Congrès in Paris, France, attracting colleagues from around the world. This event transformed the Palais des Congrès into a vibrant hub for medical exchange and advancements in the field of interventional cardiology. The course served as a catalyst for international collaboration and innovation, creating an atmosphere of warmth and welcome to participants, as well as igniting advancement within the realm of cardiovascular medicine. Learning, collaboration, and first-hand exposure to cutting-edge innovations forging the next generation of pioneers were of great importance throughout the course.

Al-Qur’an Dalam Kajian Kontemporer

The Qur'an is a law and a way of life for friends, the food for their hearts, the decoration of their eyelids. Thus, its influence is very visible in their education and direction of life. They are a generation of pioneers and role models to emulate. Indeed, the companions of the Prophet were the first generation to feel when the Qur'an came down to the Prophet Muhammad. The Prophet received the Qur'an from Gabriel and also directly from Allah. Then he conveyed to his friends when he came down without lacking or forgetting a single letter. The Companions heard the Qur'an from the Prophet as if he had come down directly to them. The verses of the Qur'an inspire reason and remind people to do good deeds, and also call to think about the creation of creatures. The companions heard these verses. If their life is not in accordance with the Qur'an, they immediately change their lifestyle with safe guidelines, according to what they understand from the Qur'an.

Formation of the Scientific School of V. S. R ozhnov in the Field of Digitalization and Automation Accounting

The article examines automation of Russian accounting, which continued to develop rapidly in 21st century and turned into a new hypostasis of digitalization. It is impossible to overstate contribution of scientists, who stood at the origin of development of the modern economic information environment. The leading role was held by representatives of the scientific school of Moscow Finance Institute (the Finance Academy). Not only did they develop the fundamental and applied Russian accounting science, but also formed the framework that became the foundation for digitalization of accounting. The aim of the article is the study of scientific heritage of the generation of pioneers in accounting automation personified by Professor Vladimir Sergeevich Rozhnov, who was a typical representative of the Soviet scientific school with his scientific personality, breadth of views and interests, and position. The article reveals milestones in the formation of Professor V. S. Rozhnov’s scientific views: the family, ever supportive of his professional endeavors, the environment of the Moscow Finance Institute, which brought up his character as a researcher who cannot be stopped by obstacles, the community of both Soviet and foreign scientists, working in the field of economics, statistics, cybernetics, mechanization and automation of accounting. The scientific cognition methods were used in the article: deduction, induction, analogy and abstraction, synthesis and analysis, including aspect and empirical methods, etc. The article describes the process of formation of scientific schools in Russian universities (with the example of the Finance University); the link of scientific generations, the memory of pioneers in science.

Paving the way for a new generation of pioneers in heart failure nursing: the BSH Lynda Blue Award

Paving the way for a new generation of pioneers in heart failure nursing: the BSH Lynda Blue Award

German New Lefts

Abstract The New Left that arose in West Germany during the 1960s mimicked the antifascist reformations of the 1930s. For grassroots campaigns, extraparliamentary opposition groups, and radical student organizations of the postwar decades, the Marxist humanist theories and revolutionary socialist splinter groups of the interwar years served as attractive models. At the same time, the Sixty-eighter generation rebelled against a political establishment now represented by that earlier generation of neoleftist pioneers, their parents. But generational conflict was just the symptom of a deeper problem in the history of the midcentury Left: a succession of radical new lefts arose out of periodic frustration at institutionalized politics. This article explores the missing link between Germany’s antifascist and antiauthoritarian new lefts: the so-called left socialists of the 1950s. In particular, Ossip K. Flechtheim’s science of futurology and Wolfgang Abendroth’s theory of antagonistic society translated antifascism’s legacies into a new paradigm of social protest. The left socialists’ support for the embattled Socialist German Student League laid the organizational and intellectual foundation for the sixties New Left. Recent studies of the “global sixties” have shown the transnational connections between new lefts across space; this article explains their continuity across time.

Notas comparativas sobre o desenvolvimento de duas tradições sociológicas nacionais

Esse trabalho tem o objetivo de delinear algumas características da sociologia alemã da década de 1920 através de uma perspectiva comparativa que contrastará o sucesso da sociologia alemã com o fracasso da sociologia britânica. Utilizaremos para tanto as explicações e as categorias explicativas expostas no artigo Why do disciplines fail? The strange case of British sociology, de Reba N. Soffer (1982). Pretende-se aqui explorar de forma mais apurada a comparação proposta pela autora entre a sociologia britânica entre sua fundação em 1903 e a década de 1950 e a sociologia alemã, mais especificamente da década de 1920, que possui algumas características diferenciadas da geração dos pioneiros, mais utilizada pela autora como base de sua comparação.

Self‐organizing researcher networks in the plant sciences

Societal Impact StatementThe next generation of plant scientists must have expertise in a broad range of fields and experimental approaches to overcome the grand challenges of the 21st century. Plant science will play a role in addressing these challenges, for example, our plant scientists must contribute to diverse areas, from plant breeding to ensure robust and resilient crops; to large‐scale climate modeling in response to climate change events. Small international networks led by early career scientists can help facilitate the progression of such individuals to leadership roles in the plant sciences and thus can help nurture our next generation of scientific pioneers.

Isabelle Rapin (1927–2017)

Isabelle Rapin (1927–2017)

Institutionalisation of tourism research and education: from the early 1900s to 2000s

ABSTRACTThe purpose of this paper is to present the historical development of tourism studies literature and institutions in chronological order, dating back to the early twentieth century. Data sources used include books, journals, reports, theses and dissertations. Guidance was provided by academicians who have had personal communications with the first generation of pioneers in tourism research, or personal experience of the transformation of tourism as an academic discipline from its junior to its mature stages. The paper indicates how tourism as a field of research and education evolved from the early 1900s to the early 2000s and how this development can be divided into three major periods. In the first period, tourism was considered to be an applied field and was integrated within other major disciplines. During this time, scholars from Germany, Switzerland and Austria dominated research. The second period saw the first steps towards internationalisation, with tourism research and education expanding into Anglophone countries and some other developing areas. The third period reflects how tourism research and education became international.

Global Entrepreneurship Week Policy Survey 2013

The fact that Global Entrepreneurship Week is now operating in 140 countries is alone a strong indication of the globalization of the startup movement. Even in economies that were traditionally less supportive of capitalism like Venezuela or Iran, we are seeing the rise of strong entrepreneur-led startup communities. These communities are made up of a new generation of pioneers motivated by a range of factors from intellectual curiosity and an appealing startup culture to social responsibility, job shortages and economic opportunity. Due in part to efforts like GEW, governments around the world are rapidly expanding the attention they give to accelerating new and young firm formation. The emergence of “Startup Acts” and “startup policy advisors” in the executive branches of many governments is early evidence of this trend. However, for governments to be smarter about how they help, they need better data, research and analysis to identify and respond to the real barriers to startups and scale-ups.This annual GEW Policy Survey is a small step toward asking entrepreneurs for their views on how these policymakers can be smarter in smoothing the path for nascent entrepreneurs and early stage firms.

Headache research - where are we heading?

Since the pionering work with the IHS-classification in 1988 and the triptan era in the early nineties, the field of headache research has expanded exponentially. Slowly but steadily headache has been moved from a trivial and neglected disorder to be respected and acknowledged as illustrated by the nomination of 2012 as The Year of Headache in The International Association of Pain. Almost all areas of headache research are now flourishing from genetics, experimental animal and human research, epidemiological and costs studies to new treatments and optimized care. Despite this scientific explosion, why are millions of headache patients still suffering from severe headaches, overuse of medication, significant disability and limited access to proper headache care? What have we achieved and is it relevant for the individual headache patient? When will we find the underlying mechanisms, genetic and diagnostic markers, stratify patients and individualize their treatment? With proper animal models for both primary and secondary headaches we may understand the mechanisms and their interfaces. The pharmaceutical industry has to raise their interest in the headache and new targeted drugs should be developed. If patients at risk of chronic headache could be identified, effective prevention could be initiated in this subset of patients leading to optimization of ressources. In a world with major demographic challenges and limited ressources, education and organization in headache care are absolute essentials. These challenges and exciting possibilities will be discussed in respect to the outstanding work of Professor Jes Olesen and his generation of headache pioneers.

La Yougonostalgie – la Yougoslavie au regard des derniers pionniers

This article considers Yugonostalgia as a polycentric and polymorphic phenomenon (Velikonja, 2010), critical and subversive, which expresses itself as a resistance strategy. This study focuses on the last generation of pioneers in three ex-Yugoslav countries : Slovenia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, and Serbia. Yugoslav Pioneers were part of the Communist Party of Yugoslavia. They comprised all school children attending the first seven grades of primary school. These former pioneers are old enough to have lived in Yugoslavia but too young to have experienced the best years of Yugoslavia. What are their feelings of nostalgia, if they do have any ? Yugonostalgia today, among the generation of last pioneers is a complex feeling. It expresses a resistance strategy in two senses : on the one hand, as a resistance against the negation of the roots of their identity, a negation born out of the historical revisionism of the political elites, and on the other hand, as a strategy for the legitimization of their social and political demands today, especially their anti-nationalistic positions.If we approach nostalgia as a productive and analytical category (Petrović, 2012), then the fact that Yugoslavia no longer exists does not imply that Yugoslavs no longer exist, nor that those Yugoslavs can’t have explicit socio-economic and political demands towards their respective states, which reaffirms our thesis that Yugonostalgia for the last pioneers signifies more than a banal and intimate phenomenon.

Brokers of empire: Japanese settler colonialism in Korea, 1876-1945

Between 1876 and 1945, thousands of Japanese civilians--merchants, traders, prostitutes, journalists, teachers, and adventurers--left their homeland for a new life on the Korean peninsula. Although most migrants were guided primarily by personal profit and only secondarily by national interest, their mundane lives and the state's ambitions were inextricably entwined in the rise of imperial Japan. Despite having formed one of the largest colonial communities in the twentieth century, these settlers and their empire-building activities have all but vanished from the public memory of Japan's presence in Korea. Drawing on previously unused materials in multi-language archives, Jun Uchida looks behind the official organs of state and military control to focus on the obscured history of these settlers, especially the first generation of pioneers between the 1910s and 1930s who actively mediated the colonial management of Korea as its grassroots movers and shakers. By uncovering the downplayed but dynamic role played by settler leaders who operated among multiple parties--between the settler community and the Government-General, between Japanese colonizer and Korean colonized, between colony and metropole--this study examines how these brokers of empire advanced their commercial and political interests while contributing to the expansionist project of imperial Japan.

A history of the International Pediatric Nephrology Association (IPNA)

Managing care of children of the world with kidney diseases requires balancing clinical aims, research findings and socio-economic goals within an international environment characterized by cultural and economic complexity and a large disparity in the availability, affordability and accessibility of renal care. Since 1974, the International Pediatric Nephrology Association (IPNA) has been trying to establish this balance, involving almost two generations of pediatric nephrologists. This report explores IPNA’s evolution and describes the founding generation of pioneers, the ratification of a constitution and the formulation of clinical aims as well as establishment of the journal of Pediatric Nephrology. This report also examines the highlights of the IPNA congresses and the training and teaching courses at each stage of development. It provides a brief history of the development of regional societies. The first 10 years of the IPNAwas the founding era, with small numbers of members, moderate research productivity and a tremendously efficient and friendly interaction between members that promoted communication among centers of the world. Achieving the goal of IPNA, namely, enhancing the treatment of children with kidney disease, wherever in the world they may need it, relied on three principal elements: a serviceable fund of knowledge, a cohort of engaged professionals and a broad geographical reach. A 20-year period of expansion followed, made possible by the rapid expansion of diagnostic and therapeutic facilities. With information technology reaching throughout the world in the last 10 years, IPNA embarked on teaching and training courses as well as on establishing fellowship programs for young practitioners in Africa, Asia and Latin America to assist their efforts to develop pediatric nephrology on their home ground. IPNA and IPNA associate organizations (AFPNA, ALANEPE, ANZPNA, ASPN, AsPNA, ESPN and JSPN) have reached a high level of international communication, cooperation and consensus to further the care of children with kidney diseases. The history manuscript completed in 2010 should be viewed as a beginning. The manuscript should not be seen as comprehensive but rather as a concise history aimed at capturing important events and spurring others in the Society to help compile even more of our past. IPNA leadership viewed as important the need to capture the wisdom of the founders of IPNA and to inform the IPNA membership of the driving vision and the path the organization has taken. We hope this beginning will serve as an impetus for the membership, now and in the future, to build on this history and to maintain a record of IPNA’s progress and accomplishments. The history can be viewed at http://www.ipna-online.org/ about/history/ A. Friedman (*) Medical School Dean’s Office, University of Minnesota, 420 Delaware Street SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA e-mail: alfried@umn.edu

"And after the fire a soft murmuring sound ..." The Abiding Significance of Judaism for Christian Identity

Since the Second World War the pioneer phase of Jewish-Christian dialogue has achieved a relatively trusting relationship between both parties and major theological issues have been reflected on and dealt with. With the retirement of this generation of pioneers, while also reviewing history under the influence of the shock of the Shoah, we have to consider a change of paradigm at this time. First of all, a wider public should be involved in the dialogue in the hope of learning to fundamentally construct identity through dialogue. Learnings from the various phases of all of history should be kept in mind. Assuming an active relationship not only with Islam but also with any other interreligious dialogue is of paramount importance in a global world. On the concrete level, a redefinition of monotheism is needed in response to the associations being made between monotheism and violence. Further, the history of salvation has to be re-defined so that not only Jews and Christians are perceived as being in a generative relationship as “people of God” but so that the whole history of the world is perceived in a similar theological manner. A spirituality of action and an understanding of identity as co-constituted by the Other are valuable contributions of the Jewish-Christian dialogue to world culture.

On Whose Shoulders?

The title of this piece refers to Newton’s only known modest remark: “If I have seen farther than other men, it was because I was standing on the shoulders of giants.” Since he himself was so much greater than his predecessors, he was in fact standing on the shoulders of dwarfs, a much less attractive metaphor. I intend no comparisons with Newton inwhat follows: NLP/CL has noNewtons and noNobel Prizes so far, and quite rightly. I intend only to draw attention to a tendency in our field to ignore its intellectual inheritance and debt; I intend to discharge a little of this debt in this article, partly as an encouragement to others to improve our lack of scholarship and knowledge of our own roots, often driven by the desire for novelty and to name our own systems. Roger Schank used to argue that it was crucial to name your own NLP system and then have lots of students to colonize all major CS departments, although time has not been kind to his many achievements and originalities, even though he did build just such an Empire. But to me one of the most striking losses from our corporate memory is the man who is to me the greatest of the first generation and still with us: Vic Yngve. This is the man who gave us COMIT, the first NLP programming language; the first random generation of sentences; and the first direct link from syntactic structure to parsing processes and storage (the depth hypothesis). I find students now rarely recognize his name, and find that incredible. This phenomenon is more than corporate bad memory, or being too busy with engineering to do the scholarship. It is something endemic in the wider field of Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence, although bottom-up wiki techniques are now filling many historical gaps for those who know where to look, as the generation of pioneers has time to reminisce in retirement.1 There are costs to us from this general lack of awareness, though: a difficulty of “standing on the shoulders” of others and acknowledging debts, let alone passing on software packages. Alan Bundy used to highlight this in theAISB Quarterlywith a regular columnwhere he located and pilloried reinventions in the field of AI; he also recommended giving obituaries for one’s own work, and this paper could be seen in that way, too.

A message from Dr Wilbert J Keon

It is my great pleasure to send best wishes to my colleagues, friends and former students during the 60th anniversary celebrations of the Canadian Cardiovascular Society (CCS). Over the past few decades, we have evolved from what was, in essence, an academic club for cardiologists, cardiac surgeons and other related specialists to what is a very active, influential, scientific society today. Our initial mandate was to simply bring scientists together – to serve as a forum for national meetings and the exchange of ideas in an era when ready access via electronic means could scarcely have been imagined. As the CCS matured, however, our meetings attracted far wider attention as we explored and debated the groundbreaking research performed by our colleagues across Canada. These gatherings continue to provide a vital and ongoing status report on the state-of-the-art in cardiovascular science at any given time. The CCS has actively engaged other cardiovascular resources in Canada and around the world so that cooperative clinical trials of basic scientific discoveries are being promoted to benefit Canadians. The Society is also keenly aware of its responsibility to help educate the next generation of bright minds and home-grown pioneers. There are superb educational programs that stem from each annual conference. These encourage the interface of young people in cardiovascular medicine and science with the elders of the Society. I call this vital relationship between youth and experience ‘the interchange between energy and wisdom’. When I was President of the Society in the late 1980s, Canada was witnessing an explosion in the evolution and application of angioplasty procedures, and we began to profit to a greater degree than ever from the wider use of new technologies. This applied especially to ‘assist devices’, with which I was extensively involved in my own work. The nation as a whole was beginning to share the medical profession’s long-standing concern that heart failure was a major health problem in Canada. Despite ‘ParticipACTION’ and more public awareness of the need for better nutrition, cardiovascular disease still remains a huge problem. Although we have been able to palliate many other conditions, such as valve failure and coronary artery disease, patients are living longer and entering an extended phase whereby the assist pump can no longer sustain the required pace – and fails. Assist pumps simply have not evolved as quickly as we, in our profession, have been hoping they would, but I am convinced that more encouraging results are just around the corner. Although the CCS maintains its primary focus on the actual science of cardiac medicine, we acknowledge that our work takes place in a wider social context, which explains our increasing involvement in the development of health policy. During the past 20 years, we have developed an excellent relationship with governments at all levels. We have made our scientific advice and clinical platforms sought after and respected. To give only one example, I am confident that Canada’s Heart Health Strategy will make a tremendous contribution when completed, because it allows everybody in the system from government on down to participate. What I want this strategy to accomplish over the next decade is the establishment of a level of control over more variables in cardiovascular disease that cause death and disability, thus making a healthy and comfortable life more predictable. I would also like to see a greater emphasis on the prevention through education, and the sooner the better. When I see 13-year-olds smoking at bus stops and in parks while telling themselves, “heart disease can’t affect me”, I wonder where we have failed as a society in getting the message across. This is just one of many themes I look forward to exploring with all of you at the 2007 annual conference in Quebec City, Quebec. Whether in plenary sessions or informal talks over dinner, we must examine ways in which to ensure our therapies cover three vital bases: they respect the fact that patients have feelings and families as well as afflictions, they are always rooted in sound theory, and they reflect the reality that all cardiac care professionals must remain on the leading edge of the voyage of discovery we call science. This October, we will have a lot to commemorate as we look over the past 60 years – and twice as much to aim for at our next milestone.

Anecdotes

This issue features two anecdotes: A son recounts his father's career and the second generation of computer pioneers, and Stanley Mazor discusses the origin of the first 8-bit microprocessor CPU, the Intel 8008.

Sir William Dunn (1833–1912): the man, his trust and his legacy to science and medicine

William Dunn had no direct connections with medicine. He belonged to that Victorian generation of Scottish pioneers who went overseas to make their fortunes and, yet, devoted their money to numerous charitable purposes, mainly at home in the UK. His family origins were modest; born in Paisley, near Glasgow on 1 September 1833, he died in 1912 with an estate valued at 1.3 million pounds sterling. His fortune was made from a large worldwide trading empire with roots in South Africa, where he emigrated as a young man of 19--but later controlled from London. In his will, dated 4 November 1908, the key clause was 'to advance the cause of Christianity, to benefit children and young people, to support hospitals and alleviate human suffering, to encourage education and promote emigration'. After making provision for about half the total, he left the remainder in the hands of trustees. They allotted about 120 small sums to hospitals, nursing homes, orphanages and like institutions, but then decided that larger projects would be more likely to be permanent memorials to Sir William. After consulting the President of the Royal Society, Sir William Hardy, and the Secretary of the Medical Research Committee, Sir Walter Fletcher, the trustees gave 210,000 pounds sterling in 1920 to Sir Frederick Gowland Hopkins in biochemistry in Cambridge and 100,000 pounds sterling in 1922 to Professor Georges Dreyer in pathology in Oxford. Between them, these two laboratories have 'spawned' nine Nobel Prize winners. The 'alleviation of human suffering' achieved would surely have pleased Sir William and his trustees.