Generation Internet Architecture Research Articles

Explore the Evolution of Computer Network Architecture

Since the invention of computer networks in the 1960s, their architecture has undergone many major innovations and evolutions. This review aims to sort out and analyze this evolution process and reveal its internal motivations and fundamental driving forces. We will analyze the development of network architecture from multiple dimensions such as network topology, protocol stack, and control mechanism, and reveal the internal logic of the architecture evolving with the times.First, the paper reviews the origins of computer network development, explains the original packet switching ideas and ARPANET architecture, and analyzes its influence on later generations. Then it focuses on the birth of the TCP/IP protocol family and its architecture, analyzing its design concepts and innovations. Subsequently, the paper will explore the rise of the Internet and the formation of its layered architecture model, commenting on the advantages and disadvantages of this model. We will also examine the ideas and attempts of the next generation Internet architecture, such as active networks and content-centric networks, and analyze their challenges and limitations.In addition, the paper will explore the new changes brought about by emerging network paradigms such as software-defined networking (SDN) and network function virtualization (NFV) to network architecture, and comment on their advantages and impacts. We will also focus on the driving role of emerging paradigms such as cloud computing and edge computing on network architecture. Finally, the paper will look forward to new trends and challenges in the development of future network architecture, such as the potential application prospects of cutting-edge technologies such as artificial intelligence, machine learning, and blockchain in network architecture. By comprehensively analyzing and summarizing the evolution of network architecture, the paper hopes to provide readers with a macro perspective and a deep understanding of the internal driving force and development logic of network architecture innovation. This will not only help us understand the past, but also provide inspiration and ideas for future network architecture innovation.

A Neighborhood Aware Caching and Interest Dissemination Scheme for Content Centric Networks

Content-Centric Networking (CCN) is a promising framework for the next generation Internet architecture that exploits ubiquitous in-network caching to minimize content delivery latency and reduce network traffic. In this paper, we introduce a neighborhood aware mechanism for content caching, named Neighborhood Aware Caching and Interest Dissemination (NACID) that accounts for the popularity of contents and how close the content copies are in the neighborhood. We use a very low-overhead, Bloom Filter based dissemination of caching information in the neighborhood. Given the neighborhood cached contents, the proposed scheme decides when and how to handle the additional caching of content and its eviction. Simulation results show that NACID performs substantially better than the existing CCN caching policies. We also study different heterogeneous cache memory allocation strategies and show that the simpler homogeneous allocation strategies work almost as well.

A new optimisation model and algorithm for virtual optical networks

Virtual optical network is considered to be the next generation internet architecture and has many unsolved issues, e.g., node mapping, link mapping and spectrum assignment. More and more challenges will be faced when there are privileged nodes through which certain connection requests cannot pass in the physical topology. To address these issues, this paper proposes a new optimisation model in virtual optical network considering privileged nodes, and aims to minimise the maximum index of used frequency slots. A routing algorithm is designed for the model, an adaptive strategy is put forward to determine the crossover rate and mutation rate. In addition, a new crossover and mutation operator are proposed. Based on these, a novel genetic algorithm is proposed to solve the problem. The simulation results show the feasibility of the model and the effectiveness of the algorithm.

A new optimisation model and algorithm for virtual optical networks

Virtual optical network is considered to be the next generation internet architecture and has many unsolved issues, e.g., node mapping, link mapping and spectrum assignment. More and more challenges will be faced when there are privileged nodes through which certain connection requests cannot pass in the physical topology. To address these issues, this paper proposes a new optimisation model in virtual optical network considering privileged nodes, and aims to minimise the maximum index of used frequency slots. A routing algorithm is designed for the model, an adaptive strategy is put forward to determine the crossover rate and mutation rate. In addition, a new crossover and mutation operator are proposed. Based on these, a novel genetic algorithm is proposed to solve the problem. The simulation results show the feasibility of the model and the effectiveness of the algorithm.

A Full Decimal Method of Address Assignment for Networked Computer

Abstract The full decimal method of address assignment for networked computers and intelligent terminals which input into the computer through various input devices of the computer and intelligent terminals is realized, and then, the external address of networked computer and intelligent media stored in the database and the internal arithmetic address are created correspondingly through a variety of transmission media by combination of different computer hardware and software. The new address assignment method can provide sufficient address space for development of Internet in the future, and it also provides enough address for application of various personal information household appliances and logistics in electronic commerce and other entities and personal communication terminals while ensuring multiple levels of address structure. This paper mainly introduces the decimal address allocation algorithm and address format, which provides a solid foundation for the next generation Internet architecture design.

Efficient source mobility support in content-centric networking

With the development of wireless network technology, the number of mobile devices that access to contents on Internet increases rapidly. It is impressively popular for mobile users to use their mobile devices anytime and anywhere to generate, access and share contents on the Internet. To comply with this tendency, a new network paradigm called content-centric networking (CCN) emerges. With extensive research and demonstration, CCN is gradually widely recognized as a promising next generation Internet architecture, but remains an open issue on how to support source mobility in CCN. In this paper, we take full advantage of the locator/identifier separation along with control and data plane separation into supporting efficient source mobility in CCN. We decouple the content name from both routing of content requests and content identifying. We split the control and data plane by handling handover signaling and data traffic separately. We also divide the network into many rendezvous domains and design the handover processes of intra-domain and inter-domain movements. We then propose a method to allocate a rendezvous point for a mobile source according to its history roaming behavior in a rendezvous domain. Finally, we present numerical results to demonstrate the performance of the proposed approaches.

Research achievements on the new generation Internet architecture and protocols

Despite the great success achieved by the Internet, it has been facing increasingly severe technical challenges that include address exhaustion, low-level network security and trustworthiness, weak quality-of-service control capability, limited bandwidth, and poor support toward mobility. In this paper we summarize the principal challenges facing the current Internet, introduce the research status of the future Internet, analyze the principal design goals of the new generation Internet evaluation methods and models of the present Internet architecture, introduce the research achievements made under the new generation Internet architecture in detail, and propose our next-step research priorities and perspectives in the face of an increasing number of innovative Internet applications.

Modeling denial‐of‐service against pending interest table in named data networking

SUMMARYNamed data networking (NDN) has attracted much attention on the design for next generation Internet architecture. Although it embeds some security primitives in its original architecture, it may suffer from denial‐of‐service (DoS) attacks. In this paper, we model one representative type of NDN‐specific DoS attacks named DoS against pending interest table (PIT), or DoS‐PIT, which floods malicious Interests that request nonexistent content to bypass cached content at routers and to exhaust the memory resource for PIT, bringing in severe service degradation. In our proposed analytical model, the closed‐form expressions for the DoS probability for users suffering DoS‐PIT are derived, while considering several important factors of NDN networks such as PIT size, time‐to‐live of each PIT entry, popularity of content, and cache size. Moreover, extensive simulation experiments demonstrate the accuracy of the proposed model on evaluating the damage effect of DoS‐PIT. In addition, the proposed model can be chosen to guide designing effective countermeasures for DoS‐PIT (or attacks with similar way to harm NDN) by properly setting the values of some parameters (e.g., cache size) of each NDN router. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Recent progress in the study of the next generation Internet in China

The Internet has become a major part of the global communications infrastructure supporting modern-day socio-economic development, social progress and technological innovation. Invented 30 years ago, today the Internet is facing severe challenges. Many countries have funded research projects on the new-generation Internet, such as GENI, FIND, FIRE and CNGI, in an effort to solve these challenges. In addition, over the past few years, the networking research community has engaged in an ongoing conversation about how to move the Internet forward, and there are now two different approaches towards Internet research. The first approach is based on using the existing Internet architecture to solve the major technical challenges-this is called 'evolutionary' research. The other, which is called the 'clean slate', involves the design of an entirely new Internet architecture. In the first part of this paper, the basic features of the next generation Internet and its principal contradictions are analysed. Then a survey of recent progress in the study of the next generation Internet in China is discussed. Finally, the focus and direction for the next step in research are presented as based on fundamental research into the international next generation Internet architecture, and the many new innovative demands placed on Internet architecture in recent years.

OpenFlow Implementation on NetMagic Platform

Stanford University proposed a new network switch model named OpenFlow for the research of network innovation. OpenFlow enables researchers to control the behavior of the network by managing flow table. NetMagic is an open network switching platform for the innovative research of next generation Internet architecture. This paper introduces OpenFlow and NetMagic briefly, and implements a customized and scalable OpenFlow model system on the NetMagic platform. Finally, this paper shows the features and advantages of OpenFlow with an experiment.

A Distributed Public Key Infrastructure Based on Threshold Cryptography for the HiiMap Next Generation Internet Architecture

In this article, a security extension for the HiiMap Next Generation Internet Architecture is presented. We regard a public key infrastructure which is integrated into the mapping infrastructure of the locator/identifier-split addressing scheme. The security approach is based on Threshold Cryptography which enables a sharing of keys among the mapping servers. Hence, a more trustworthy and fair approach for a Next Generation Internet Architecture as compared to the state of the art approach is fostered. Additionally, we give an evaluation based on IETF AAA recommendations for security-related systems.

Analysis and case study on multi-dimensional scalability of the Internet architecture

This paper presents the definition of multi-dimensional scalability of the Internet architecture, and puts forward a mathematical method to evaluate Internet scalability based on a variety of constraints. Then, the method is employed to study the Internet scalability problem in performance, scale and service scalability. Based on the examples, theoretical analysis and experimental simulation are conducted to address the scalability issue. The results show that the proposed definition and evaluation method of multi-dimensional Internet scalability can effectively evaluate the scalability of the Internet in every aspect, thus providing rational suggestions and methods for evaluation of the next generation Internet architecture.

The Geography of Cyberspace

The Geography of Cyberspace