Generation Air Traffic Control System Research Articles

시뮬레이션을 활용한 ADS-B와 TCAS의 탐지 성능 비교

TCAS (traffic alert and collision avoidance system)의 성능 향상을 위해서는 각종정보를 송신해주는 센서의 성능이 향상되어야 한다. 본 논문에서는 성능향상을 위해 기존에 사용 중인 레이더와 같은 센서를 대신하여 차세대 항공관제시스템인 ADS-B (automatic dependent surveillance-broadcast)를 적용하였다. 또한 ADS-B에서 초정밀 GPS (global positioning system) 보정시스템인 SBAS (satellite based augmentation system)의 정보를 사용하여 향상된 위치정확도를 TCAS에 적용할 수 있을 것이라 가정하고 TCAS와 ADS-B를 분석하였다. 시뮬레이션을 해본 결과, 이러한 ADS-B의 도움을 받는 TCAS 장비는 사전에 항공기의 위치를 파악하여 CPA (closest ponit of approach)를 계산할 수 있고 불필요한 RA (resolution advisory) 동작을 감소시킬 수 있다는 것이 확인되었고, 또한 조종사의 업무로드 감소와 불필요한 RA동작이 줄어듦에 따른 연료소비나 시간 등에 대한 장점이 있음이 확인되었다. In order to improve the performance of TCAS it should improve the performance of the sensor, which transmits a variety of information. In this paper, To improve the performance of the existing radar sensors such as being used in behalf of the next generation air traffic control system, ads-b the applied. In addition, ADS-B in a high precision by using information from the correction GPS system, SBAS assume would be able to apply an improved location accuracy for TCAS and analyzed TCAS and ADS-B. Played the simulation results, TCAS equipment receives the help of these ADS-B can calculate a CPA to determine the position of the aircraft in advance, and it was confirmed that it is possible to reduce the unnecessary RA operation, also, the pilot reduction and the workload, it has advantages such as fuel consumption and time associated with the reduced operation unnecessary RA was confirmed.

Enhancing the security of aircraft surveillance in the next generation air traffic control system

The U.S. air traffic control system is reliant on legacy systems that artificially limit air traffic capacity. With the demand for air transportation increasing each year, the U.S. Federal Aviation Administration has introduced the Next Generation (NextGen) upgrade to modernize the air traffic control system. Automatic Dependent Surveillance-Broadcast (ADS-B), a key component of the NextGen upgrade, enables an aircraft to generate and broadcast digital messages that contain the GPS coordinates of aircraft. The incorporation of ADS-B is intended to provide enhanced accuracy and efficiency of surveillance as well as aircraft safety. The open design of the system, however, introduces some security concerns. This paper evaluates the limitations of the legacy systems currently used in air traffic control and explores the feasibility of employing format-preserving encryption, specifically the FFX algorithm, in the ADS-B environment. The ability of the algorithm to confuse and diffuse predictable message input is examined using message entropy as a metric. Based on the analysis, recommendations are provided that highlight areas which should be examined for inclusion in the ADS-B upgrade plan.

ADS-B based Trajectory Prediction and Conflict Detection for Air Traffic Management

The Automatic Dependent Surveillance Broadcast (ADS-B) system is a key component of CNS/ATM recommended by the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) as the next generation air traffic control system. ADS-B broadcasts identification, positional data, and operation information of an aircraft to other aircraft, ground vehicles and ground stations in the nearby region. This paper explores the ADS-B based trajectory prediction and the conflict detection algorithm. The multiple-model based trajectory prediction algorithm leads accurate predicted conflict probability at a future forecast time. We propose an efficient and accurate algorithm to calculate conflict probability based on approximation of the conflict zone by a set of blocks. The performance of proposed algorithms is demonstrated by a numerical simulation of two aircraft encounter scenarios.

Concept for Next Generation Air Traffic Control System

The next generation air traffic control system must achieve a large increase in capacity and throughput while improving efficiency and safety. This paper describes the Automated Airspace concept that has the potential to achieve these objectives. A ground-based component, the Automated Airspace Computer System (AACS), will generate efficient and conflict-free traffic clearances and associated trajectories and send them directly to the aircraft via data link. Another ground-based component, the Tactical Separation Assisted Flight Environment (TSAFE), will provide a safety net to ensure that safe separations are maintained in the event of failures in the AACS or in certain on-board systems. TSAFE will independently monitor the clearances and trajectories sent by the AACS to each equipped aircraft, monitor aircraft conformance to those trajectories, and issue warning and resolution advisories to pilots and controllers when appropriate. Because the Automated Airspace concept will reduce controller workload associated with tactical problem solving, controllers will be able safely to shift their focus to more strategic problems, such as traffic flow management and pilot requests. TSAFE also has application in the current air traffic control system as an improved controller tool for detecting near-term conflicts and reducing the potential for operational errors. Changes in controller and pilot responsibilities for operations in Automated Airspace are outlined.

Workstation Design for ATC Systems

Developing a workstation for the next generation Air Traffic Control system (AAS) represents a significant design challenge. Not only are a large number of potentially conflicting requirements identified for this workstation, but several unique features of those requirements exacerbate the potential problems. For example, a large (20 × 20 inch) CRT is the primary visual display. This must move to both an inline and wraparound console configuration. The system must accommodate a large range of user sizes and be acceptable to approximately 16,000 air traffic controllers. A team of controllers has participated in the iterative design effort through reviews, demonstrations and hands-on evaluation. The key feature of all design activities is the narrowing of alternatives as the design approaches production release. This paper addresses this process and suggests how this process may be managed to ensure a satisfactory outcome.

Performance of a Square Law Pseudonoise Ranging Time-of-Arrival Estimator

The performance of a square law time-of-arrival (TOA) estimator that has been proposed for use in ASTRO-DABS, part of a possible satellite-based fourth generation air traffic control system is considered. The transmitted message consists of a pulse amplitude modulated (PAM) ranging sequence that, due to transmitter characteristics, is corrupted by an unknown frequency offset. The optimum TOA estimator, for the case of no frequency uncertainty, is first presented, together with a lower bound on the variance of the estimate generated. This is followed by the consideration of a suboptimum TOA estimator for which a high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) performance analysis is carried out; here, the effects of frequency uncertainty are included. Next, the zero-crossing properties of the derivative of the (suboptimum) estimation statistic are presented and the results used to derive an upper bound to the TOA estimate variance that is valid for all SNR values. This latter result is significant because it displays the system threshold effect and complements performance lower bounds that may be derived via other methods. In addition, the method presented here may be applied to other optimum and suboptimum systems where a discrete set of parameters is to be estimated.

Avionics II: Air safety: The view from the cockpit: An experienced airline pilot appraises the past, present, and future of air safety and air traffic control trends

A veritable revolution in air safety systems is in the offing 6368927 a revolution that will drastically alter the face of U.S. air traffic control as we now know it. At present, this revolution is in what might be called its “manifesto stage.” By this I mean that a raft of proposals have been offered by the U.S. Department of Transportation (DOT) under the umbrella acronym UG3RD, or Upgraded Third Generation Air Traffic Control System. These proposals, if implemented, would mark the greatest change in air-to-air separation since the original establishment of separation standards in the 1930s. Further, navigation, surveillance, and communications would all be affected in a major way. The question devolves: What, exactly, would be the effect of this proposed automation program known as UG3RD?