Generalized Vaccinia Research Articles

Anti-Monkeypox Infection Approaches: From Prevention to Therapeutic Lines.

Anti-Monkeypox Infection Approaches: From Prevention to Therapeutic Lines.

Analysis of cases reported as generalized vaccinia during the US military smallpox vaccination program, December 2002 to December 2004

We evaluated military personnel who developed dermatologic reactions suggestive of generalized vaccinia (GV) after smallpox vaccination. We conducted surveillance and retrospective analysis of cases from the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (a passive reporting system managed by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention), and the military's preventive medicine channels, vaccine healthcare centers, clinical laboratory network, dermatology clinics, and pathology departments from December 2002 to December 2004. Of 74 cases investigated in 753,226 vaccinations, 50 (67.6%) met the case definition of possible GV (rate 66/million), 95% confidence interval (49-88/million), consistent with historically reported rates. Cases of possible GV occurred more frequently in primary vaccinees (81/million) than in those revaccinated (32/million) (relative risk 2.6, 95% confidence interval 1.2-5.9, P = .013). None met the case definition of probable or confirmed GV, including 15 with virologically negative laboratory evaluations (eg, culture, skin biopsy, or polymerase chain reaction). The methods of case collection and retrospective nature of this study are its limitations. The clinical diagnosis of possible GV was made on the basis of the authors' interpretation of clinical notes and adverse events submitted by more than 100 different providers. Only 15 of the 74 cases of possible GV had laboratory attempts for virological confirmation. GV is still a rarely reported complication of smallpox vaccination. True GV, strictly defined, may be even less common than previously reported. We named one self-limited dermatologic manifestation confused with GV "postvaccinial nonviral pustulosis." Properly screened individuals considering smallpox vaccination may be assured most exanthemata after vaccination are benign.

Passive surveillance for generalized vaccinia in the United States using the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS)

Background Generalized vaccinia (GV) is an adverse event specifically associated with smallpox vaccination, but shares clinical features with many common non-vaccine related rashes. We assessed the utility of passive reporting for GV surveillance by reviewing all Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS) reports of any post-smallpox vaccination rash in civilians and military personnel. Methods We reviewed all reports submitted to VAERS between 12/12/2002 and 3/1 2004 for post-smallpox vaccine (SPV) rashes concerning civilians and military personnel. We evaluated the information contained in the reports independent of VAERS adverse event coding (GV or not GV). We classified the rash reports based on the recently published GV case definition from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Results Of the 936 rash reports after SPV, 92 were coded as GV. We classified 12 of the 92 as probable GV, and 1 as confirmed GV (14% probable or confirmed). Among the 844 reports not coded as GV, we classified 32 as either probable or confirmed GV (4%). Probable or confirmed reports that were coded as GV were similar to probable or confirmed reports not coded as GV with respect to demographic characteristics of the report subjects, and the location and phenotype (e.g., pustular, vesicular, etc.) of the rashes. Conclusions A prospective study that applies well-defined clinical, histopathological, and laboratory criteria to smallpox-vaccinated patients with rashes would be necessary to distinguish GV from common alternative diagnoses with which it is easily confused.

Generalized Vaccinia, Progressive Vaccinia, and Eczema Vaccinatum Are Rare following Smallpox (Vaccinia) Vaccination: United States Surveillance, 2003

Generalized vaccinia (GV), progressive vaccinia (PV), and eczema vaccinatum (EV) are adverse reactions following smallpox vaccination. We investigated all reports suggestive of GV, PV, or EV among United States civilian smallpox vaccinees during 2003 and applied standard case definitions. We identified 29 reports of possible GV among 38,440 vaccinees; 2 (7%) of the reports met the case definition. One case of GV was confirmed by identifying vaccinia from a lesion distant from the vaccine site using polymerase chain reaction. The other case was classified as probable GV, because confirmatory testing was not done. We identified 3 potential EV cases and 7 potential PV cases, none of which met the standard case definition. GV, PV, and EV were rare or absent following smallpox vaccination after careful screening of potential vaccinees. GV may be difficult to distinguish from other rashes, and confirmatory testing is recommended. Careful prevaccination screening probably contributed to the low incidence of these adverse reactions following smallpox vaccination.

GENERALIZED VACCINIA AND N–METHYLISATIN B–THIOSEMICARBAZONE

Medical Journal of AustraliaVolume 1, Issue 25 p. 947-948 Correspondence GENERALIZED VACCINIA AND N–METHYLISATIN B–THIOSEMICARBAZONE First published: 01 June 1965 https://doi.org/10.5694/j.1326-5377.1965.tb18402.xCitations: 1AboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditWechat No abstract is available for this article.Citing Literature Volume1, Issue25June 1965Pages 947-948 RelatedInformation

GENERALIZED VACCINIA IN A PATIENT WITH CHRONIC LYMPHOCYTIC LEUKEMIA AND HYPOGAMMAGLOBULINEMIA.

Case Studies1 October 1964Generalized Vaccinia in a Patient with Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia and HypogammaglobulinemiaJOHN E. ULTMANN, M.D., F.A.C.P.JOHN E. ULTMANN, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-61-4-728 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptThe reaction to smallpox vaccination is usually trivial and self-limited. Of five million people vaccinated in New York City in 1947, only seven, having no antecedent eczema, developed generalized vaccinia, an incidence of 1: 710,000 vaccinations (1). In 1953, the year following Bruton's (2) description of agammaglobulinemia, Keidan, McCarthy, and Haworth (3) reported a case of generalized vaccinia in an infant with absence of serum gamma globulin. Two, possibly three adults with secondary hypogammaglobulinemia due to chronic lymphocytic leukemia or lymphocytic lymphosarcoma have been reported to develop generalized vaccinia following smallpox vaccination (4-6). The present additional case is presented to...

Generalized vaccinia in infancy; a report of four cases.

Generalized vaccinia in infancy; a report of four cases.

Generalized Vaccinia and Vaccination

Generalized Vaccinia and Vaccination

Concerning generalized vaccinia in eczema: Naumann, O.: Kinderärztl. Praxis. 9: 99, 1938

Concerning generalized vaccinia in eczema: Naumann, O.: Kinderärztl. Praxis. 9: 99, 1938