General Oral Health Assessment Index Research Articles

Diode laser as an adjunctive treatment for periodontitis: Arandomized controlled trial.

The aim of this randomized controlled trial was to assess clinical and patient reported outcomes of subgingival instrumentation (SI) with adjunctive use of diode laser (DL) versus SI alone in the treatment of periodontitis. Participants requiring non-surgical periodontal treatment were randomly allocated into two treatment groups: SI with DL or SI alone. Clinical parameters [full mouth bleeding and plaque scores (FMBS and FMPS), probing pocket depth and clinical attachment level] were recorded at baseline, three and 6 months post-treatment. Visual analogue scale was used to evaluate postoperative participants' perception of pain, swelling, bleeding, bruising and root sensitivity. The impact of periodontal treatment on quality of life was assessed using the General Oral Health Assessment Index (GOHAI) at 6 months. A total of 22 participants with stage III/IV periodontitis completed the 6-month follow-up. SI with or without DL resulted in statistically significant reduction in FMBS, FMPS, PPDs, and percentage of PPDs of ≥5 mm at 3- and 6-month follow-up visits (p = 0.001 to <0.001). The participants in SI/DL group had a greater reduction in the percentage of deep PPDs (≥5 mm) compared to those receiving SI alone, but statistically significant differences between the two groups were not observed (16.40 ± 9.57 vs. 32.50 ± 38.76 at 3 months and 7.20 ± 6.86 vs. 19.50 ± 35.06 at 6 months). The difference in the mean total GOHAI scores was not statistically significant at 6 months with total GOHAI scores of 7.25 ± 2.45 and 5.40 ± 3.06 for SI and SI/DL groups, respectively. Within the limitations of this study, the use of DL as an adjunct to SI in the treatment of stage III/IV periodontitis did not produce significant additional improvement in clinical parameters or patient reported outcomes in the 6-month observation period.

Factors affecting the quality of life of patients with medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw during treatment: A quality-of-life survey and causal analysis

This prospective cohort study aimed to investigate the impact of medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ) on health-related quality of life (HRQOL) and oral health-related QOL (OHRQOL) and the association between the downstaging of MRONJ and OHRQOL.The HRQOL and OHRQOL of 44 patients with MRONJ were assessed using the SF-36v2 and the General Oral Health Assessment Index (GOHAI), respectively. Treatment was performed in accordance with the AAOMS position paper (2014). The SF-36v2 and GOHAI scores at the beginning of the survey were used to evaluate the impact of MRONJ on QOL. Potential confounders affecting the association between downstaging and QOL improvement were selected using directed acyclic graphs. Multiple regression analysis was performed to evaluate causal inferences.HRQOL scale scores declined below the national average. The three-component summary score (3CS), comprising the physical component summary (PCS), mental component summary (MCS), and role/social component summary (RCS), revealed that performance status and primary disease significantly affected the PCS and RCS (P = 0.005 and P < 0.001, respectively) and PCS and MCS (P = 0.024 and P = 0.003, respectively). The MRONJ stage did not influence the 3CS; however, OHRQOL declined in a stage-dependent manner (P = 0.005). Downstaging of MRONJ was independently associated with the improvement rate of the total GOHAI scores after adjusting for variables (P = 0.045).The HRQOL of patients with MRONJ declined; however, this may depend on the underlying disease status rather than the MRONJ stage. Improvement of the disease status can potentially predict an improvement in OHRQOL, regardless of the treatment modality.

İNMELİ HASTALARDA EKSPİRATUAR KAS EĞİTİMİNİN STOMATOGNATİK SİSTEME ETKİSİ

Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the effect of expiratory muscle training on the stomatognathic system in patients with stroke.&#x0D; Method: A total of 31 patients with stroke were included in the study: 16 patients with stroke (age=66.63±8.38, height=166.38±8.59, BMI=28.09±4.81) as the control group and 15 patients with stroke (age=65.60±7.62, height=168.20±8.78, BMI=28.95±6.92) as the study group. Temporomandibular joint range of motion and dysfunction, pressure pain threshold of masticatory muscles, facial asymmetry existence, head posture, oral hygiene, oral hygiene habit, masticatory performance, intraoral pH, deglutition, and deep neck flexor muscle endurance of the patients with stroke were assessed. Assessment methods were in order by digital caliper, the Fonseca Questionnaire, algometry, labial commissure and craniocervical angle measurement, general oral health assessment index, and questionnaire, sieve test, digital pH gauge, repetitive saliva swallow test, Eating Assessment Tool, and deep neck flexor endurance test. Patients with stroke in the study group were enrolled in an expiratory muscle training program consisting of 5 sets of 10 repetitions daily for three weeks in addition to conventional physiotherapy; the control group enrolled in the conventional physiotherapy program. Patients with stroke in the study group were called twice a week to assess their compliance with the expiratory muscle training.&#x0D; Results: In intragroup comparison significant increase was found in the inferior portion of the left masseter, mandibular protrusion, and a decrease in labial commissure angle and Fonseca Questionnaire score of the control group (p

Development and Validation of Oral Health-Related Quality of Life Scale for Patients Undergoing Endodontic Treatment (OHQE) for Irreversible Pulpitis

An oral health-related quality of life measure specific to patients undergoing endodontic treatment has not been developed. This study aimed to validate the oral health-related quality of life scale for patients undergoing endodontic treatment (OHQE) for irreversible pulpitis, comprised of 42 questions. Sixty-two patients with irreversible pulpitis, comprising 23 (37.1%) males and 39 (62.9%) females, were enrolled between August 2022 and February 2023. Data were collected at three time points: pretreatment, post-treatment, and at the second week post-treatment. Factor analysis revealed physical, psychological, and expectations as subscales of OHQE. Cronbach’s alpha coefficients ranged from 0.87 to 0.95 for each subscale. Each subscale of the General Oral Health Assessment Index (GOHAI) was moderately correlated with the OHQE subscales. Good–poor analysis revealed a significant difference between the high-scoring and low-scoring groups for each OHQE subscale. The intraclass correlation coefficients of the OHQE subscales ranged from 0.89 to 0.95. Multivariate linear regression analysis revealed a significant correlation between the pretreatment and post-treatment psychological factors (p &lt; 0.05). Thus, OHQE will help researchers and policymakers understand the impact of oral health on the quality of life of patients with irreversible pulpitis undergoing endodontic treatment. OHQE could contribute to the appropriate planning, treatment decisions, and management of dental treatment.

Effects of oral health-related quality of life on total mortality: a prospective cohort study

BackgroundThe effects of oral health on mortality have been reported; however, the association between mortality and Oral Health-Related Quality of Life (OHQOL) is unknown. We investigated the effect of OHQOL on total mortality in a cohort consisting of dentists.MethodsIn this cohort study, we analyzed data from the Longitudinal Evaluation of Multi-phasic, Odonatological and Nutritional Associations in Dentists study. We conducted a baseline survey of general and oral health factors. We called for 31,178 participants and collected responses from 10,256 participants. We followed up with 10,114 participants (mean age ± standard deviation, 52.4 ± 12.1 years; females, 8.9%) for 7.7 years, until March 2014, to determine the average total mortality. OHQOL was assessed using the General Oral Health Assessment Index (GOHAI). The total score was divided into quartiles (Q1 ≤ 51.6, Q2 = 51.7–56.7, Q3 = 56.8–59.9, and Q4 = 60.0), with higher GOHAI scores indicating better OHQOL (score range, 12–60). The association between OHQOL and total mortality was analyzed using the Cox proportional hazards model.ResultsWe documented 460 deaths. Males with low GOHAI scores possessed a remarkably high risk of total mortality. The multivariate adjusted-hazard ratios (aHRs), were 1.93 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.07 − 3.48) for Q1, 1.69 (95% CI, 0.90 − 3.17) for Q2, and 0.65 (95% CI, 0.29 − 1.46) for Q3, relative to Q4 (trend p = 0.001). The aHRs in the multivariate model with all background variables were 1.69 (95% CI, 1.15–2.46) for Q1, 1.53 (95% CI, 1.04–2.27) for Q2, and 1.09 (95% CI, 0.71–1.70) for Q3, relative to Q4 (trend p = 0.001). In females, there was no significant association between the quartiles, in both the multivariate-adjusted model (trend p = 0.52) and multivariate-adjusted model with all background variables (trend p = 0.79).ConclusionsA lower OHQOL indicated an increased risk of total mortality in dentists. OHQOL may be used as an indicator for selecting treatment plans and personalized care interventions, thus contributing to increased healthy life expectancy.Trial registrationAichi Cancer Center, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, and Hiroshima University (Approval numbers: 33, 632–3, 8–21, and E2019-1603).

The dose limits of teeth protection for patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma undergoing radiotherapy based on the early oral health-related quality of life.

Radiation-related teeth damage is a common complication in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) patients undergoing radiotherapy (RT) that seriously affects their oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL). However, few studies have focused on protecting teeth function. This study aimed to calculate dental dose limits based on OHRQoL. Analysis was performed on 96 NPC patients who received RT (all received routine pre-radiotherapy dental interventions in our department). Based on the General Oral Health Assessment Index (GOHAI), OHRQoL was assigned into poor (<46) and good condition groups (≥46). The binary logistic regression analysis model was used for single-factor and multivariate analyses to identify the independent factors affecting OHRQoL. The cut-off value of dose received by teeth was obtained by drawing a receiver operating characteristic curve. NPC patients experienced a decline in OHRQoL following RT (P < 0.05). Univariate analysis of GOHAI revealed that the average dose of maxillary anterior teeth, the average dose received by the oral cavity, tumor volume (GTVnx), and liking of the sweet food all affected GOHAI (P < 0.05). Multivariate analysis indicated that the average dose of maxillary anterior teeth and liking sweet food were independent factors that influenced the OHRQoL of NPC patients with RT. When the average dose received by maxillary anterior teeth is greater than 28.78 Gy, and there is a tendency in sweet food, the OHRQoL will deteriorate. NPC patients who received RT had a better OHRQoL if the average dose to maxillary anterior teeth was limited to less than 28.78 Gy and the intake of high-sugar foods was reduced.

Quality of Life Evaluation of Postsurgical Mandibular Fracture Patients with Oral Health Impact Profile 14 and General Oral Health Assessment Index Parameters.

Mandibular fracture is the most common maxillofacial fracture accompanied by complaints of malocclusion and pain. This causes a decrease in the quality of life. Mandibular fracture management can be done with open reduction and internal fixation or intermaxillary fixation. The Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP 14) and the General Oral Health Assessment Index (GOHAI) were used to evaluate the quality of life after surgical treatment based on the distribution of age, sex, type of neglect, and surgical management. This research is an analytic study with an analytical observational method with total sampling. The total sample used was 15 patients during the 2006 to 2020 period. The results of this study were scored, and then, the data were processed using the eta test. The results of the study based on the OHIP 14 parameters showed the results of each distribution, namely, age: p = 0.154, gender: p = 0.080, neglected type: p = 0.080, and management: p = 0.419. Meanwhile, the GOHAI parameters showed the results of each distribution, namely, age: p = 0.105, gender: p = 0.356, neglected type: p = 0.356, and management p = 0.286. The results of this distribution showed that there was no significant difference between patients' quality of life based on age, sex, neglected type, and treatment using both OHIP 14 and GOHAI parameters. The results obtained in this study using characteristics of age, gender, type of fracture, type of neglect, and management did not have a significant effect on the level of patient satisfaction after surgery, using both OHIP 14 and GOHAI questionnaires.

Association between oral health knowledge, perceived oral health related quality of life, perceived oral health status and emergency department and/or urgent care visit: Results from the multi-site oral health literacy study.

To assess the link between oral health knowledge (OHK), self-perceived oral health, and emergency room (ER)/urgent care utilization for a dental problem. Data were analyzed from a convenience sample of 790 adult participants who presented to two US dental schools and completed an interviewer-administered survey. Key independent variables were OHK assessed with the Comprehensive Measure of Oral Health Knowledge (CMOHK) instrument, self-perceived oral health status and quality of life determined using the General Oral Health Assessment Index (GOHAI) scores. The dependent variable was ER and/or urgent care utilization for a dental problem. Select sociodemographic variables such as age and gender were adjusted for in logistic regression models using SAS. 15.7% of the participants had ever visited an ER and/or urgent care for a dental problem. CMOHK scores were not significantly associated with visits to the ER and/or urgent care. In adjusted analysis, participants with unfavorable GOHAI scores were about three times as likely to have had an ER and/or urgent care visit (OR=2.60, 95% CI: 1.66-4.09). Similarly, participants who were unsatisfied with their oral health were about twice as likely to have had an ER and/or urgent care visit (OR=1.91, 95% CI: 1.21-3.00) as compared to those satisfied with their oral health status. Individuals unsatisfied with their oral health and those with unfavorable perceived oral health related quality of life could benefit from a greater awareness of dental service availability and extended hours including weekend hours at public dental clinics.

Study of the Unidimensionality of the Subjective Measurement Scale of Schizophrenia Coping Oral Health Profile and Index: SCOOHPI.

The Schizophrenia Coping Oral Health Profile and Index (SCOOHPI) scale studies the coping strategies of schizophrenic patients with regard to oral health. The structural validity of this scale is studied has been studied using factor analyses. In this article, we study the unidimensionality of the SCOOHPI scale to use it as an index. We studied the internal consistency of the items of the SCOOHPI scale. Then, we studied the construct validity. The unidimensionality of the SCOOHPI scale was studied by the partial credit model. The data used in this study come from five hospitals, and the total number of individuals participating in this study is 96, of which 72% are men and 59% are smokers. The SCOOHPI scale has good internal consistency (α = 0.84). The validity of divergence was checked by the absence of correlation between the SCOOHPI scale and the GOHAI (General Oral Health Assessment Index) scale. The unidimensionality of the SCOOHPI scale with data smoothing was demonstrated by the partial credit model. In this study, we completed the study of the psychometric validation of the SCOOHPI. The SCOOHPI scale can then contribute to improving evaluation of the coping strategies of schizophrenic patients with regard to oral health.

La mala salud bucodental y la fragilidad son factores de riesgo de neumonía adquirida en la comunidad. Estudio de casos-control

ObjectiveTo determine if poor oral health and frailty are risk factors for community-acquired pneumonia in adults. DesignCase-control study in a population ≥18 years. PlaceThe cases of pneumonia admitted to the Hospital of Mataró were matched with controls of the same sex and age (±5 years) who had not had pneumonia in the last 12 months and who were visiting admitted relatives. ParticipantsDuring two years (June 1, 2018 to May 31, 2020) 102 cases of patients admitted with CAP and 102 controls were identified and recruited. InterventionsAll participants gave their signed consent to participate in the study, sociodemographic, anthropometric variables, comorbidities, functional capacity, toxic habits, vaccinations and swallowing disorders were collected. Main MeasurementsOral health was assessed with the General Oral Health Assessment Index, frailty with the FRAIL test, and quality of life with the EUROQ-5D test. ResultsBivariate analysis: pneumonia is associated with an oral health index ≤57 (OR 4.63), being frail (OR 18.5), dental visit in the last 3 months (OR 0.42), daily tooth brushing (OR 0.26) and having some personal care problem (OR 3.29). The multivariate analysis shows an independent association between the appearance of pneumonia and poor oral health (OR 6.16), being a former smoker (OR 5.65) and being frail (OR 49.7). ConclusionsBeing frail and having poor oral health are independent risk factors for CAP.

Antibiotic prophylaxis at the time of dental implant placement: a cost-effectiveness analysis

BackgroundAntibiotic prophylaxis during implant placement may improve implant short term survival. Nevertheless, use of antibiotics carries risks of adverse effects and antibiotic resistance. The aim of the present study is to compare the use of antibiotics in dental implant procedures in terms of costs and effectiveness.MethodsA decision-tree model was developed using TreeAge Pro Healthcare software. Two strategies were compared: Antibiotics and No antibiotics in implant placement procedures. The costs were calculated considering direct costs for implant placement, antibiotic costs, and costs for implant replacement in case of failure. Effectiveness was defined in terms of General Oral Health Assessment Index. Outcomes were evaluated as Incremental Cost Effectiveness Ratio (ICER). One-way sensitivity analysis and Probabilistic Sensitivity Analysis were performed for the most influential variables to test parameter uncertainty. Patient and healthcare perspectives were considered.ResultsAntibiotic prophylaxis resulted to be cost-effective compared to no use of antibiotics (ICER = 14,692,64 and ICER = 3841,18, respectively for patient’s and healthcare perspective). The cost of antibiotics, cost of implant replacement in case of failure and probability of adverse effects significantly influenced the results.ConclusionsFrom an individual patient perspective, antibiotic strategy can be considered cost-effective, even when the cost of antibiotic therapy increases. We can conclude that the administration of antibiotics in association with implant placement is recommended in clinical practice, as it increases the success rate and makes the treatment more effective. However, attention should be placed when healthcare perspective is considered, particularly in terms of antibiotic resistance that may impact public health and associated costs.

Oral Problems and Psychological Status of Older Adults Referred to Hospital and Its Relationship With Cognition Status, Stress, Anxiety, and Depression

Background and Purpose: Oral health is a critical factor in the quality of life (QoL) of older adults in relation to their nutrition, mental health, and healthy social relationships. This study aimed to investigate oral problems and psychological status of older adults referred to a hospital and its relationship with cognition status, stress, anxiety, and depression. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted among 300 older adults referred to Shahid Beheshti Hospital in Shiraz City, Iran. The “Depression, Anxiety, Stress Scale”, the “Abbreviated Mental Test score”, and the “General Oral Health Assessment Index” were used to collect the required data. The Pearson correlation and multiple linear regression statistical tests were used to analyze the data in SPSS v. 26. P less than 0.05 were considered significant. Results: The Mean±SD age of the participants was 70.1±4.6 years. Their mean±SD score of oral health was 44.83±3.91, and the mean±SD cognitive status was 9.28±0.9. The results of correlation analysis revealed a significant relationship between the dimensions of mental health (cognitive status, stress, anxiety, depression) and oral health (P&lt;0.05). According to the multiple linear regression model, there was a significant relationship between oral health and cognitive status (P=0.002) and between oral health and stress (P=0.015). Conclusion: The study’s results showed a correlation between mental health and oral health. Thus, one of the ways to improve the mental health of the elderly is to provide appropriate and timely dental intervention.

Investigating the perspectives of older adults in residential aged care on oral health-related quality of life.

The objective of the study was to explore how older people living in a residential aged care facility perceived that their oral health influenced their food preferences and attitudes towards food, their social interactions and their self-esteem. Poor oral health can have biological, behavioural and social impacts on quality of life among older adults (aged 65+ years). In terms of biological impacts, oral health impairments may cause older adults to avoid many types of foods. This shift in dietary pattern can lead to malnutrition among older people, undermine general health and negatively impact quality of life (QOL). Using a mixed methods approach, quantitative data from the General Oral Health Assessment Index (GOHAI) were explored and supported by data from semi-structured interviews with 10 older adults from a residential aged care facility in Perth, (Australia) to provide insights into their oral health-related quality of life. Thematic analysis of qualitative data was guided by the conceptual framework informed by Locker. The average GOHAI score was 32.9± 3.6, which indicated that participants had an average oral health-related quality of life. Participants coped with oral functional problems by adopting personal strategies and seeking organisational assistance. Some participants appeared to have accepted associated changes to their physical appearance, while others reported significant dissatisfaction and low self-esteem. Perceptions differed on their social interactions at the facility, from being self-conscious about their own oral health problems, to distaste at others' eating behaviours. Poor oral health had negative biological, behavioural and social impacts on daily activities and quality of life among some participants. However, changes at the organisation level may help to support participant QOL.

Single Institute Audit of Maxillofacial Trauma Cases Before and During COVID-19 Pandemic.

In the year 2020, we saw the emergence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 causing COVID-19 into a full blown pandemic. This resulted in constraints on healthcare resources, and the attention was shifted to reduce cross contamination and prevent spreader events. Maxillofacial trauma care was also affected similarly, and most of the cases were managed by closed reduction whenever possible. A retrospective study was conducted to document our experience in treating maxillofacial trauma cases before and after nationwide lockdown due to COVID-19 pandemic in India. The objective of the study was to compare the effect of pandemic in reported pattern of mandibular trauma and the result of closed reduction procedures in the management of single or multiple fractures in mandible during this time period. The study was conducted in the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Maulana Azad institute of Dental Sciences, Delhi, for a period of 20 months, that is, 10 months before and after nationwide lock down which was effective from 23rd March 2020 due to COVID-19 pandemic. The cases were grouped into Group A (those reporting from 1st June 2019 to 31st March 2020) and Group B (those reporting from 1st April 2020 to 31st January 2021). Primary objectives were assessed and compared according to etiology, gender, location of the mandibular fractures, and treatment provided. Quality of life (QoL) associated with the treatment outcome by closed reduction was assessed after 2 months as a secondary objective using General Oral Health Assessment Index (GOHAI) in Group B. A total of 798 patients sought treatment for mandibular fractures and included 476 patients in Group A and 322 in Group B. The groups showed similar age and male: female ratio. Cases showed a steep fall during first wave of pandemic, and most of the cases occurred as result of RTA followed by fall and assault. The fractures due to fall and assault showed an obvious rise during the lockdown period. There were 718 (89.97%) patients having exclusive mandibular fractures and 80 (10.03%) patients having involvement of both mandible and maxilla. Single fractures of mandible constituted 110 (23.11%) and 58 (18.01%) in Group A and B, respectively. 324 patients (68.07%) and 226 patients (70.19%) had multiple fractures involving mandible in respective groups. Parasymphysis of mandible was most commonly involved (24.31%) followed closely by unilateral condyle (23.48%) then Angle and Ramus of mandible (20.71%) with coronoid being the least fractured. During the initial 6 months after lockdown, all the cases were treated successfully using closed reduction. GOHAI QoL assessment conducted in cases having exclusive mandibular fracture (210 Multiple, 48 Single) showed favorable results with significant (P < .05) difference between the single and multiple fractures. After one and half years and recovering from the second wave of pandemic that hit the country, we have come to understand COVID-19 better and embraced better management protocol. The study reveals that IMF remains the gold standard for the management of most of the facial fractures in pandemic situations. It was evident from the QoL data that most of the patients were able to carry out their day-to-day functions adequately. As the country prepares for a third wave of pandemic, management of maxillofacial trauma by closed reduction will remain the norm for most unless indicated otherwise.

Correlation between nutrition, oral health, and different sarcopenia groups among elderly outpatients of community hospitals: a cross-sectional study of 1505 participants in China

BackgroundStudies have rarely explored the association between oral health status and different sarcopenia groups (possible sarcopenia, diagnosed sarcopenia, and severe sarcopenia). Moreover, these studies have not reported any definitive conclusions of their relationship. We aimed to characterize the oral health status, prevalence of sarcopenia, and risk factors in different sarcopenia groups of elderly outpatients of community hospitals. Furthermore, we determined the correlation among nutrition, oral health, and different sarcopenia groups.MethodsOverall, 1505 elderly participants (aged ≥ 65 years) completed the survey. The Mini Nutritional Assessment short-form (MNA-SF) was used to assess the nutrition status of the elderly. Oral health was assessed using the instrument of the oral health assessment index of the elderly (General Oral Health Assessment Index [GOHAI]), and the number of remaining natural teeth (NRT) was counted. Data on muscle mass, muscle strength, and gait speed were collected, and sarcopenia was classified into three groups (possible sarcopenia, diagnosed sarcopenia, and severe sarcopenia) according to the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia 2019. Multinomial logistic regression multivariate analysis was used to test their relationships.ResultsEighty-eight (5.8%) participants were identified as having possible sarcopenia; 142 (9.5%), diagnosed sarcopenia; 136 (9.0%), severe sarcopenia; and 1139 (75.7%), no sarcopenia. Of the seven variables, advancing age was typically associated with an increasing prevalence of sarcopenia (odds ratio [OR] = 1.06–1.47, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.06–1.47). The results showed that household income (OR = 0.57, 95% CI = 0.33–0.98), education level (OR = 3.32, 95% CI = 1.09–10.07), and chronic diseases (OR = 0.34, 95% CI = 0.19–0.62) were significantly associated with the severe sarcopenia group. Physical activity scores were significantly associated with the diagnosed sarcopenia and severe sarcopenia groups. Participants with < 20 NRT were more likely to have diagnosed sarcopenia (OR = 5.55, 95% CI = 3.80–8.12) or severe sarcopenia (OR = 6.66, 95% CI = 4.13–10.76) than participants with > 20 NRT. The GOHAI score was associated with the diagnosed sarcopenia (OR = 5.55, 95% CI = 3.80–8.12) and severe sarcopenia (OR = 6.66, 95% CI = 4.13–10.78) groups. The MNA-SF score was associated with the different sarcopenia groups.ConclusionsAssessing early and improving lifestyle with respect to nutrition and oral health may be an effective way to reduce or delay the occurrence of sarcopenia.

Quality of life of patients irradiated for head and neck cancer and impact of rehabilitation with a removable dental prosthetic: 1-year follow-up study.

BackgroundHead and neck cancer and its treatment cause significant functional, aesthetic, and social disabilities. These disabilities have a major impact on the quality of life of patients. When irradiation is required, removable dental prostheses are often the treatment of choice. This study investigated whether removable prosthetic rehabilitation improved patient function and aesthetics over the long term. Material and MethodsIn this prospective study, we assessed quality of life in 78 patients with the General Oral Health Assessment Index (GOHAI) questionnaire. Assessments were performed before, and 1 week, 3 months, 6 months, and 12 months after denture insertion. We evaluated whether quality of life was influenced by the type of removable prosthesis and the primary tumour location. ResultsWe constructed mixed-effects linear regression models to identify correlates of the overall GOHAI score (GOAHI-add score) and the three domain-scores (functional, psychosocial, and discomfort/pain) in a longitudinal analysis over a 12-month follow-up. We compared scores (GOHAI-add score and domain-scores) in multivariate analyses between baseline (T0) and four post-insertion timepoints to determine significant changes. ConclusionsWe found that removable prosthetic rehabilitation had an influence on the evolution of quality of life. The psychosocial component scores increased steadily over the year and changed more significantly than the functional and discomfort-pain components. The mandibular location of the primary lesion had a negative influence on quality of life. The type of removable prosthesis did not influence the results. Key words:Quality of life, head and neck cancer, GOHAI, dental prosthesis, radiotherapy.

Quality of Life and Oral Health in Colombian Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) can affect the quality of life of patients due to oral lesions related to the disease and that would impact their daily activities. Purpose: To estimate the impact of oral conditions and lesions on the health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) in patients with DM2 attending the MEDICUS Foundation in Cartagena, Colombia. Methods: An analytical study was conducted on 152 patients who filled out a questionnaire to assess sociodemographic variables and the General Oral Health Assessment Index (GOHAI-C), Colombian version. Two calibrated examiners performed the oral clinical assessment. Poisson regression was performed to associate oral clinical and socioeconomic conditions with the domains and total GOHAI score. Results: 74.34 % of the patients presented more than 5 years with diagnosed DM2. The multivariate adjusted model showed that patients with DM2 who presented low salivary flow (RR = 1.08; p &lt; 0.001) and denture stomatitis (RR = 1.10; p = 0.001) were more likely to have a negative impact on total GOHAI scores. On the other hand, other oral lesions such as periodontitis (RR = 0.95; p = 0.046), geographic tongue (RR = 0.94; p = 0.013), sialosis (RR = 0.85; p &lt; 0.000) and having &lt;19 teeth in the mouth (RR = 0.94; p = 0.006) had a positive impact. Conclusions: Sub-prosthetic stomatitis and low salivary flow showed a negative impact on the OHRQoL of the Colombian patients with DM2 studied.

Do residential care and low social capital negatively influence oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) among older adults? A cross-sectional study.

To compare oral health status, OHRQoL and social capital between dependent older adults living in a residential care setting (RC) and community dwellers living independently (CD) and to assess the possible role of social capital and residential status as independent predictors of OHRQoL in a sample of older adults in the Udupi region of Karnataka, South India. As the global population ages, a greater number of older adults are now living in residential care settings than ever before. This study provides insights into the role of residential care and social capital in influencing the oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) among older adults. A total of 296 older adults, comprising 148 dependent older adults living in residential care (RC) and 148 community dwelling older adults living independently (CD), completed the General Oral Health Assessment Index (GOHAI) and a Social Capital Scale after undergoing clinical oral examination for dentition and periodontal status. The caries experience in both the residential care group (RC) and the community dwelling group (CD) was high with mean DMF scores of 21.6 (SD=9.6) and 20.1 (SD=10.7) respectively. The Mean Social Capital score was significantly higher (P=.01) among the RC group (33.2, SD=5.1) than the CD group (31.5, SD=5.7), whereas the mean GOHAI score was significantly higher (P=.02) among the CD (61.5, SD=6.8) than the RC group (59.5, SD=7.9). Linear regression showed lower DMFT scores (β: -0.26, P˂.001), being a community dweller (β: 0.14, P=.01) and having higher social capital (β: 0.11, P=.04) were associated with better OHRQoL (higher GOHAI scores) after adjusting for possible confounders. Dependent older adults living in residential care had higher social capital but poorer OHRQoL. Caries experience, residential status and social capital were independently associated with OHRQoL.

Comparison of general satisfaction, oral health-related quality of life, and patient's self-assessment between mandibular single-implant overdentures and experimental removable complete dentures: A randomized crossover clinical trial

Objective Patient satisfaction with single-implant overdentures (1-IODs) is unclear. This randomized crossover trial aimed to compare the general satisfaction, oral health-related quality of life, and patients’ self-assessment between mandibular 1-IODs and experimental removable complete dentures (eRCDs).Methods New mandibular RCDs were fabricated for 22 patients with edentulous mandibles. After adapting to the RCDs, one implant was inserted in the mandibular midline. The participants were then randomly classified into groups 1 and 2. Group 1 received IODs for the first 2 months, while group 2 used eRCDs with a non-loaded implant in the midline. After 2 months, the treatment was switched. Four validated, patient-reported dental outcome measures were assessed: general satisfaction, Japanese version of the Oral Health Impact Profile for edentulous subjects (OHIP EDENT-J), General Oral Health Assessment Index (GOHAI), and Patient's Denture Assessment (PDA). The assessments were performed at the end of the IOD- and eRCD- use periods.Results General satisfaction was significantly higher during the IOD period (p = 0.002). Significant differences were observed in all domains of the OHIP, except orofacial pain (p = 0.084). Further, the total score (p<0.001) and the scores of the physical (p<0.001) and psychosocial functioning (p = 0.001) domains of the GOHAI differed significantly. The total PDA score (p = 0.001) and the scores of the function (p = 0.004), lower denture (p = 0.002), esthetics and speech (p = 0.026), and importance (p = 0.009) domains were significantly higher during the IOD period than during the eRCD period.Conclusion General satisfaction, oral health-related quality of life, and patient self-assessment scores were significantly higher for 1-IODs than for eRCDs.Clinical significance Within the limitations of this study, we found that mandibular single-implant overdentures may be an efficient alternative to mandibular experimental removable complete dentures due to higher general satisfaction, oral health-related quality of life, and patient self-assessment scores of dentures.

Impact of rehabilitation versus edentulism on systemic health and quality of life in patients affected by periodontitis: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

To investigate the effect of rehabilitation in fully/partially edentulous patients with stage IV periodontitis on oral-health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) and systemic health. A systematic electronic and manual search was conducted. Three authors independently reviewed, selected, and extracted the data. Outcomes were OHRQoL (Oral Health Impact Profile 14 [OHIP-14] and OHIP-49, General Oral Health Assessment Index [GOHAI], visual analogue scale, symptoms registration) and systemic health-related outcomes (incidence and prevalence of systemic diseases, values of systemic disease indicators). Qualitative data were synthesized for OHRQoL and systemic health-related outcomes. Meta-analysis was conducted on available quantitative data. The search identified 59 articles (6724 subjects in total). OHRQoL improved across all the studies, irrespective of the number of missing teeth, their location, or treatment modality. Meta-analysis showed significant improvement of OHIP-49 (36.86, p< .01) in manuscripts including subjects affected by periodontitis, consistently with the remaining literature (reduction of score points post rehabilitation: OHIP-14=10.52, OHIP-49=56.02, GOHAI=5.40, p< .01 for all). Non-rehabilitated subjects exhibited inferior cognitive status, higher medication intake, and frailty. However, our data are limited and should be interpreted with caution. Oral rehabilitation improves OHRQoL and, potentially, systemic health in edentulous patients. It is unclear whether these findings may be extrapolated to patients with stage IV periodontitis.