Gender Responsive Budgeting Research Articles

Women-centric economics: A closer look at gender budgeting in India.

This article explores gender budgeting in Indian healthcare, emphasizing its role in addressing disparities. Examining trends, recent highlights, and implementation, it showcases impacts on maternal health, reproductive services, gender-based violence, and empowerment. Examples such as Ayushman Bharat and Mahila Samman Savings Certificate illustrate economic implications. Beyond healthcare, gender-responsive budgeting is seen as a versatile tool for broader equality. Challenges prompt a call for sustained efforts and a comprehensive framework.

Government Commitment to Responsive Budgeting to Improve Gender Equality in City Government

This study aims to analyse the government's commitment to gender-responsive budgeting to improve gender equality in three cities governments. The method used is qualitative with a literature review approach and secondary data. Data were collected from various sources, including scientific journals, government reports, and policy documents related to gender-responsive budgeting. The results indicate that despite supporting local regulations, the implementation of gender-responsive budgeting varies across the three cities. In two cities, regulations exist, but the implementation is suboptimal; the allocated budget does not fully reflect a commitment to gender equality, and obstacles remain in transforming this commitment into local fiscal innovation. In the third city, the government's commitment is evident through various programs and training to enhance understanding and skills in preparing gender-responsive budgets. However, challenges like the lack of gender-disaggregated data and low political support persist. This research implies that improving gender equality requires greater commitment and understanding from all parties, as well as stronger gender-responsive budgeting policies and mechanisms. It also highlights the importance of cooperation between the government, civil society, and international institutions to overcome existing obstacles This research is novel in its comparative analysis of gender-responsive budgeting implementation across three cities and the identification of strategies to enhance its effectiveness and efficiency at the city level in Indonesia. It aims to significantly contribute to developing more inclusive and gender-equitable budgeting policies in the country.

An Evidence Based Analysis of Union Budgets of India from 2015-16 to 2022-23 with Reference to Gender Responsive Budgeting in India

An Evidence Based Analysis of Union Budgets of India from 2015-16 to 2022-23 with Reference to Gender Responsive Budgeting in India

Gender-Responsive Budgeting in Practice: Lessons from Nigeria and Selected Developing Countries

Gender-Responsive Budgeting in Practice: Lessons from Nigeria and Selected Developing Countries

The Effect of Supervision of Gender Responsive Budget Planning on Performance through Work Discipline as a Mediation Variable (Case Studies on Employees Regional Apparatus Organizations in Surabaya)

The Effect of Supervision of Gender Responsive Budget Planning on Performance through Work Discipline as a Mediation Variable (Case Studies on Employees Regional Apparatus Organizations in Surabaya)

Gender-responsive budgeting implementation challenges: evidence from South Korea

PurposeThe purpose of this research is to further the understanding of how to implement gender-responsive budgeting (GRB) systems. The author explores whether GRB reforms might benefit from integration into a performance-oriented budgetary structure and whether GRB's equity orientation is linked to additional implementation challenges.Design/methodology/approachThis research follows a qualitative case study of South Korea guided by a predetermined research framework and built from extensive documentation, archival records and expert interviews.FindingsGRB’s integration into a performance framework can be burdensome, and the equity orientation of GRB results in additional implementation challenges, such as higher vulnerability to the political context and active resistance from public officials.Originality/valueThis research shows that integrating GRB with performance systems may require overcoming significant administrative obstacles. Also, GRB’s equity orientation is linked to a higher vulnerability to the political cycle and active resistance from civil servants.

Gender Responsive Budgeting (GRB) in Western Balkans between aspirations and reality

Abstract This paper aims to discuss the current situation on GRB as a tool to make budgets gender-responsive and achieve gender equality in Western Balkans. Apart from exploring the gap between the aspiration in implementing the GRB instruments and tools from one side and the obstacles encountered which are bound to be specific for any country or region. The general method used is the conceptual analyses as well as content analyses will be starting points when scrutinizing policy-papers that policymakers as well as programs of UN, UN Woman, EU and other foreign agencies are trying to implement in WB. Despite numerous gender policies having been adopted in Western Balkans over the last few decades, significant gender inequalities are persisting and there are gender policy implementation gaps. The paper concludes that there is a need to have sound laws and policies that meet the equivalent demand to implement them. Integrated GRB initiatives with gender equality goals could provide the basis for better gender equality outcomes and ownership from the central and local government administration, which is crucial in the long term and sustainable gender equality.

Towards Equity and Inclusion: Analyzing Gender Equality and Social Inclusion in Nepal’s Budgeting Process – A Comprehensive Review

Nepal, a diverse nation with a history of social disparities, is at the forefront of redefining its budgeting process to reflect a commitment to gender equality and social inclusion. In recent years, the country has recognized the imperative of addressing the entrenched inequalities that have marginalized women, ethnic minorities, and other marginalized groups. The core of this shift lies in the incorporation of gender-responsive budgeting (GRB) and a social inclusion lens into the national budgetary framework. This process ensures that budget allocations are not only gender-sensitive but also promote social cohesion and uplift historically disadvantaged communities. Women's empowerment, access to education and healthcare, and economic inclusion of marginalized groups are now central themes in budget formulation. This qualitative research involves an in-depth analysis of gender equality and social inclusion within Nepal's budgeting process. Through extensive literature review and content analysis of relevant documents, the study aims to provide a nuanced understanding of the challenges and opportunities in promoting equity in budget allocation and execution. This review article delves into the strategies, challenges, and successes of Nepal's journey towards gender equality and social inclusion in budgeting. It highlights the government's commitment to mainstreaming gender and social inclusion across ministries, the pivotal role of civil society in advocacy, and the need for data-driven decision-making to ensure targeted resource allocation.

UNCOVERING THE PROCESS OF GENDER-RESPONSIVE BUDGETING OF THE PUBLIC SECTOR IN GORONTALO

This research aims to effectively analyze the gender-responsive budgeting process in the public sector that takes gender interests into account in the Gorontalo Provincial Office of Women's Empowerment and Child Protection. This research uses qualitative methods with a qualitative descriptive approach. The data sources are primary data and secondary data. Data collection techniques include observation, interviews, documentation, and literature research. Data analysis techniques use the following steps: data collection, data reduction, data display, verification, and conclusion. The results showed that there were three gender-responsive activities carried out in Gorontalo, namely increasing women's economic productivity, increasing institutional capacity for gender mainstreaming, and institutional strengthening. The management of gender-responsive budgeting starts with gender-responsive budget planning, budgeting gender-responsive activities, implementing gender-responsive budgeting, and monitoring and evaluating gender-responsive budgeting. Through gender-responsive budgeting, it is expected to make a major contribution to the achievement of women's empowerment goals and realize gender welfare and justice in various fields of development in Gorontalo Province.

Enhancing the Role of Parliament in the Budget-Making Processes

A budget is an important financial plan that provides a framework for the effective allocation of resources and is thus vital for ensuring effective public financial management. Parliaments play a critical role in ensuring that budgets deliver their intended outcomes. It is the responsibility of Parliaments to exercise oversight roles over the executives’ budget proposals, scrutinise budget information, and depending on the government system in place, approve, amend, or draft a new budget. The aim of this paper is to explore mechanisms that can be used to enhance the role of Parliament in budget-making processes by focusing on gender budgeting, budget reforms, and capacity building through the establishment of Independent Financial Institutions (IFIs) such as Parliamentary Budget Offices (PBOs) as mechanisms of enhancement. Based on the aim of this paper, the researcher chose to use a descriptive research design and employed a desktop research approach through a literature review. The relevant data was collected from various sources such as books, journals, and the internet. The online sources included in the academic database and government portals containing information relating to Parliaments, budgeting processes, and budget management. The findings suggest that Parliament plays an important role in ensuring that a budget is transparent, accountable, and responsive to the needs and demands of the public, including women and marginalised groups. It is also evident that some of the main challenges faced by Parliament to ensure an effective budgeting process include limited resources, political interference, and inadequate public participation. The study concludes that parliamentary involvement during the budget-making process is critical and therefore recommends strengthening the institutional capacity of Parliament, promoting public participation in the budget process, and ensuring gender-responsive budgeting in all stages of the budget cycle. Keywords: Parliament; Budget; Budget-making processes

Assessment of the Constraints to Women Education and Its Implications on Their Participation in Politics in North Western Nigeria

Women constitute a larger percentage of the illiterate group in n Nigeria. This could be attributed to the fact that in most families, parents prefer to send their sons to school, instead of their Daughters whom they feel would eventually get married and thus get incorporated into another family and by implication a larger percentage of the girls remain uneducated and unexposed. Girl-child access to basic education, especially in northern states, has remained low. The importance of women education in enhancing the education of their children is succinctly put in the old adage which states that ’’to educate a man is to educate a person, but to educate a woman is to educate a nation’’ The participation of women in politics may influence equalization of educational opportunities, quotas for female participation in governing bodies, legislative reform to increase focus on issues concerning women and children, financing gender-responsive budgets to equally take into account the needs of men and women,. Therefore there is need to analyses constraints affecting women participation in politics and their consequences in retarding development of women education. This paper therefore is to appraise some constraints to women education and implications to their political power play in North West Nigeria. In doing this, the paper discusses how women had fared in the traditional societies for educational struggle and how that had helped in the definition of their political status. The paper also attempts a historical overview of the participation of women in the political arrangement in North West Nigeria. It tries to probe into the political future of women in the country to determine whether there are opportunities for improvement or not. The paper finds a great deal of role stereotype against women by tradition and absence of practical steps taken by both political parties and government towards political achievements. It opines that more women should be given opportunities for education for participation in the politics of the country. This can be achieved through laws that are deliberately aimed at removing the barriers against women and genuine practical approaches.

Practices of Gender-Responsive Budgeting in Nepal

This paper attempts to analyze gender-responsive budgeting (GRB) practices in Nepal. Gender-responsive budgeting (GRB) is an approach to budgeting that uses an interrelated gender lens to respond to the diverse experiences of gender-diverse groups. This budgeting is also known as gender budgeting. This paper is based on descriptive research design and mixed research methods as well as secondary. Secondary data were collected from the reviews of Gender Responsive Budgeting reports and articles. Both archives and digital sources were used to search review materials. The findings of this paper show that GRB is a fiscal policy or administration that is used for promoting gender equality for girls and women. It provides a tangible framework for mobilizing budgets through a wide range of actors to address the gender-differentiated gaps to achieve desirable gender equality outcomes. Indeed, GRB can enter any stage of the budget cycle by identifying the prominent efforts. This paper concludes that gender issues became at the center of inclusive development since ancient times in Nepal. The fiscal policy tries to address GRB from2007/08 with progressive efforts, although the implementation of GRB faces a lot of challenges and barriers to achieving desirable outcomes. Despite this, the international community has recognized the effort of Nepal as a prominent GRB process.

Equity in Public Budgeting: Lessons for the United States

There is a growing realization among both academics and practitioners that infusing government budgets with an equity dimension has the potential to provide a pathway to a more equitable society. This potential has already been realized by more than 80 governments worldwide that have been using gender-responsive budgets (GRB) to advance gender equity. GRB represents a specific example of the growing trend in budgeting, which sees government budgets as something more than a neutral process of resource allocation. Rather, budgets are instruments to influence the allocation of resources to advance equity. In this article, we look at how international experiences with GRB can inform recent efforts in the United States by governments at all levels to use their budgets to advance social equity, especially for historically marginalized groups. We identify five factors that have contributed to GRB success and discuss how each of the factors can inform these efforts.

GENDER – RESPONSIVE BUDGETING IN SERBIA

The budget is the basic document for financing state functions in every modern state. It is a financial instrument that raises funds through the mechanism of public revenues and systematically spends them to finance public expenditures. The budget is a one-year law that envisages, approves, and allocates all state revenues and expenditures during one budget year. Despite the existence of gender-neutral laws and regulations around the world, people are treated daily on the basis of their gender, and not on the basis of individual needs. It cannot be allowed to depend on one's good will whether the services provided by the public sector, or any other legal entity will be adapted to the needs of both women and men. Gender equality is a challenge, and the introduction of the principle of gender equality and its budgeting is an even greater challenge. Gender-responsive budgeting is an innovation in public finances that broadens the needs of society.

Gender Responsive Budgeting in Indonesia: Village Financial Budget Planning

This study aimed to analyze how the budget of a village is gender-based based on Thinking Fatmawati. This study used a qualitative approach to critical ethnography (feminist). Data were collected through observation and in-depth interviews with village informants in Sitiarjo, Malang, East Java, Indonesia. Village Sitiarjo is an existing village that implements a gender-responsive budget. The results revealed concerns in the village regarding gender-oriented budget planning. Additionally, there are only a few programs that are gender oriented. However, implementing the gender-oriented budget is still in its initial stages. The planning process includes women’s participation in the village government’s deliberations. The planning process budget is expected to have Sprit Fatmawati, where women must be rational in making decisions for the economic and social good in the home or life around them while upholding religious and cultural values. This step is essential for the inclusiveness and sustainable development of the village.
 Keywords: Gender, Planning Budget Finance Village, Budget Gender Responsive

Women and Budget: Pro Gender Government Expenditure Budget in Batang Regency

Batang Regency has high level of domestic violence, with the majority of victims being women. This situation is contrary to the local government’s responsive budget plans that include gender equality points. The reality, the women’s welfare in Batang Regency is still lower than those of men. This study aimed to analyze the effect of local government’s responsive budget allocations to women's welfare in Batang Regency. This study used a qualitative method with a case study approach. The study was conducted for five months (May-September) and used the type of Spradley domain analysis. Results of this study showed that the regional government of Batang Regency had implemented a gender-responsive budget in the Regional Medium Term Development Plan (RPJMD). However, this regional expenditure did not affect the gender development index. The regional expenditure realization program set by the regional government of Batang Regency was also still incomplete. This is due to the operations of the KITB, which provides employment opportunities for all genders, but has not been included in the regional government work programs through the allocated budget.

Achieving Gender Equality and Empowering Women and Girls through Gender Responsive Budgeting in Ghana

Gender inequality extracts enormous economic and human development costs, shifting fiscal policy to close the gaps and gains across societies. Gender responsive budgeting (GRB) is one of the approaches used by governments, international organizations, and civil society groups to promote and influence gender equality. The United Nations Development Fund for Women (UNIFEM) highlights in its 2020 report, that budgets in most countries are gender biased in their conceptualization, formulation, and implementation. In most African countries, and Ghana is no exception, unpaid care and gender differences in roles and responsibilities in household and the workplace are not considered in policy formulation and implementation. This research intends to answer the following questions; how have MDAs complied with GRB? What are the outcomes of implementing GRB in Ghana and what have been the key challenges to effective implementation? Using the qualitative approach with secondary data obtained from documents in some ministries in the Ghanaian public sector, this research attempted to answer the following questions; how have Ministries, Departments and Agencies (MDAs) complied with gender responsive budgeting (GRB)? What are the outcomes of implementing GRB in Ghana and what have been the key challenges to effective implementation? It was observed that Ghana’s constitution supported a strong enabling environment, with an explicit commitment to gender equality and women’s empowerment. The budget through which important national issues are anchored made specific allocations to address issues of women and girls for the years between 2008 to 2020, in the medium-term expenditure framework. This study contributes to academic literature, specifically on the issue of gender equality in the workplace. This study’s results and findings could be used as the reference for other studies and further research on gender equality and women’s rights.

Gender responsive budgeting: The case of Croatia

IMPACT Gender-responsive budgeting (GRB) is an important mechanism for ensuring greater alignment between economic goals and the social commitments of local and regional governments. The most important prerequisite for implementation is a strong political will, which should be present at all stages of the process. The implementation of a GRB should be supported by everyone involved in the government, regardless of area and level. It requires radical change, so it should be approached gradually but consistently. The process needs to be started with small steps, as in the case of the city of Zagreb.

Gender-responsive budgeting within the medium-term budgetary framework in Bangladesh

IMPACT Gender-responsive budgeting (GRB) is an important tool for governments to establish gender equity. Successful implementation requires the active participation of officials, politicians, and civil society in the preparation, implementation, and evaluation stages of the budget. Motivated and skilled officials, strong representation of civil society, good data management, and gender-based auditing can bring about effective changes.

The Allocation of Gender-Responsive Budget with Local Governance in Nepal

The Gender responsive budgeting (GRB) aims at raising awareness of the gendered impacts of local development budget and to make governments accountable for ensuring gender equality and women’s rights. Government of Nepal introduced a gender budgeting system in 2007/08 for direct, indirect and neutral benefits to women. The Nepalese government had not been allowcating the budget on gender development sectors in local level. In 2015, Nepalese government first time ratified in consitution to allocate the budget on gender development through the local levels. The local government is included the gender development in local policies and programes. In this paper focused on the how many ammount allocated and which sectors mosly allocated of the local elected governments. This paper to explore the gender response budget in local level government and examines the gender development issues at the local level. The descriptive and analytical technique are used to explain the gender sensitivity of policies, planning and programming and budgeting process of the selected two districts in five different local government in Nepal. The results clearly show that merely preparing GRB and strategies does not solve the problem of inequality. Therefore, translating gender mainstreaming into actual action requires a re-examination of the policies, programs and planning/budgeting process from the gender perspectives. Due to the lack of gender needs before planning and allocating gender budgets, the implementation of the GRB program is fully depends on the service provider’s strength, interest in skill development, and capacity building to implement the gender development programs.