Gender Representation In Media Research Articles

Dissecting Gender Bias: Critical Discourse Analysis of Advertisements in Indonesia

This research aims to identify gender equality issues by deconstructing the meaning of gender equality in advertisements from a feminist perspective through Critical Discourse Analysis. This research uses a descriptive qualitative research design with a Critical Discourse Analysis approach developed by Fairclough, which focuses on three main dimensions: textual dimension (microstructural), text production practice dimension (mesostructural), and socio-cultural practice dimension (macrostructural). Research data were obtained through interviews with informants as well as from advertisements related to gender equality aired on YouTube. Data collection techniques include interviews and the method of free listening and listening (SBLC) with note-taking techniques. The data collected was then analyzed using triangulation and deconstruction methods to reveal the ideology contained in the ad text and compare it with the informants' views. The results of this study show that societal norms often undermine women's abilities and limit women's roles to the domestic domain or as companions to their husbands. This research is expected to provide a deeper understanding of the meaning of gender equality in advertising media and help build a new perspective that is more inclusive and acceptable to society in Indonesia. The phenomenon of gender equality remains a challenge in many countries, including Pakistan and Nigeria, although the approaches and responses to this inequality differ in each country. In Pakistan, gender representations in media and advertising tend to reinforce traditional stereotypes, while in Nigeria, women are more active in fighting inequality through platforms such as blogs, which are used to criticize patriarchy and fight for social change. Deconstructing meaning in advertising allows researchers and academics to critically evaluate whether gender equality always places men in a dominant position over women, thus opening space for deeper analysis and more equitable solutions.

Foreign and Domestic Online Media Representation of Indonesian Minister of Finance: A Feminist Stylistics Approach

Background: 
 Examination of gender representation and the portrayal of a prominent female public figure in both foreign and domestic online media. By applying a feminist stylistics approach, the study sheds light on the importance of fair and unbiased representation of female leaders in the media landscape, which can contribute to dismantling gender stereotypes and promoting gender equality in society.
 Methodology: 
 This study employs a qualitative method to explore the portrayal of gender relations using Sara Mills' feminist stylistics framework, focusing on word, phrase/sentence, and discourse levels.
 Findings: 
 The findings reveal that the representation of the Indonesian Minister of Finance in both foreign and domestic news sites exhibit specific yet distinct results, influenced by cultural norms and Sri Mulyani's reputation within Indonesia and internationally. Utilizing the three levels of analysis within the feminist stylistics theory framework, the study uncovers that the minister is addressed fairly and without explicit gender bias.
 Conclusion: 
 This study highlights the importance of fair and unbiased representation of public figures in media by examining the portrayal of Indonesia's Minister of Finance through a feminist stylistics approach.
 Originality: 
 This comprehensive analysis contributes to a deeper understanding of gender representation in media and highlights the importance of addressing public figures in a fair and unbiased manner.

The ghosts of old readers: social media, representation and gender in the information sector

ABSTRACT Social media has become an almost ubiquitous method of communication and engagement, not only in the information sector but right across the increasingly digitalized world. Likewise, it has played a large role in the development of fourth-wave feminism and in movements such as #YesAllWomen, #FreeTheNipple and #MeToo, as well as in calls for improvements to the representation of gender in media. This paper draws together both aspects in order to critique and reflect upon the current usage of social media as it pertains to the representation of gender in UK university libraries, archives and special collections. It explores the challenges of utilizing such media for academic institutions deeply rooted in discourses of authority and heteronormative patriarchal power. It uses a sample of social media posts to foreground and examine a number of successes and shortcomings, with discussions informed by critical theory. In particular, foundational texts of feminist theory, such as Virginia Woolf’s A Room of One’s Own (1929) and Black Looks: Race And Representation (1992) by bell hooks, are used to frame explorations of gender and intersectionality in university collections; ultimately seeking to discover how information professionals may better represent the diverse nature of their collections on social media platforms.

Gender Representation in Nepali Commercials

This paper explores gender representation in visual media, especially in commercials broadcasted through various Nepali visual media. A content analysis of twenty-one commercials was done underpinning gender and feminist perspectives to explore gender representation in them. The advertisement samples were selected among some popular brands and the products of everyday use. The findings suggested reinforcement of traditional gender roles and reproduction of gender hierarchies by depicting men and women in traditionally specified roles, appearances, and concepts. Cooking, washing, and childcare were regarded as female jobs. More men were depicted in occupational roles and females were projected in relational roles. This research is based on the claim that biased gender representations in media sustain gender bias attitudes on viewers thus a careful selection of gender-neutral or counter-stereotypical content should be promoted.

The Depiction Of Rape Scenes In Popular Hindi Cinema : A Critical Examination Of Representation Of Gender In Media

The portrayal of female gender in performing arts has been a product of constant societal change. From the days when Female parts were acted upon by male counterparts to the advent of motion pictures and the role of women in making the medium their own , the journey has been long. This can be also studied under the context of anthropology, gender issues, and women emancipation. The female characters have been always fixed into the narrative by the virtue of a certain appeal they exhibit. From Laura Mulvey’s male gaze theory in cinema to the aesthetics of violence in cinema , both have been depicted in experimental ways in films. The portrayal of rape scenes dishonoring the basic existential being of any women have been shot in a number of ways to make a case in point in the film narrative. The shooting of such sequences and the psychological impact of this on the female casts is a critical study within cinema studies. Much to the women empowerment and vocal voices there has been a critical debate on how to film the female body and more so traumatic sequences such as the depiction of rape in the narrative.

Динамика гендерных репрезентаций в интернет-общении (на материале китайского языка)

The article describes changes in the vision of gender of the Chinese that are currently taking place due to globalization and the increased role of the feminist movement in the world. The article aims to describe words and phrases that reflect the contemporary gender vision of native Chinese speakers as well as to analyze the influence of global agenda on the formation of ideas about femininity and masculinity. The paper reviews the theoretical studies of Chinese scientists in the field of gender linguistics, determines the areas where the influence of Western theories is the most significant. The article describes the social status of men and women in three main periods: pre-imperial and imperial China, communist China in the 20th century, modern China in the 21st century. However, the main focus of the article is on the modern Chinese language, as there is a lack of studies in this field. Gender representations reflected in the Xinhua Internet Dictionary （新华 网络 语言 词 典） and the online dictionary 小鸡 词典 were selected as the research material. We selected words and set phrases containing such characters as 女 “woman” and 男 “man”, studied their description provided by vocabulary entries, reviewed gender representation in media.

REPRESENTATION OF WOMEN IN MEDIA SITES ONLINE

<p>Dream.co.id site content articles and images predominantly women, where there are 429 articles in the category of housewives and career. The site is the site of the Muslim lifestyle who ranks 10th in Indonesia. Recorded census at the end of 2016 as much as 49.83%, or about 118.3 million people is the female population. The Central Bureau of Statistics recorded at 60.67% of Indonesian women married, had a position as a housewife and also work. These facts explain that women have multiple roles. The research objective was to determine the representation of women in the Online site. The method used is the analysis of the contents of the article content Dream.co.id by framing the article connecting concept and as a mark of meaning production. There are three theories that explain the representation. First, gender representation and gender is shaped by culture. Gender representation in media produces negative stereotypes of women, where women are always positioned in the domestic sphere. Second, representation and realism that is the real picture that is displayed media. Content received an audience is a form of real world. Third, changes in the representation of where the text that appears to have an important meaning message (Branston & Stafford, 2003). The findings show that 67% of women described as having two roles. Women have a function take on the role of tradition and role transitions. Women have a great responsibility in the domestic sphere and the public. A role can be an option for women themselves, but also as the demands on women. Both of these roles as a breakthrough of postfeminis, but is still undergoing structural traditionalists. On the site's content was found to be 71.7% of women get the stereotypical 'housewife'. The 28 articles category housewives and career are 57.1% on a female stereotypes about the 'housewives' negative tone in the media portal Dream.co.id, such as : housewives make a loss because it does not work and the purchase of foreign products, father was a non-commissioned officer who just married housewife, housewife better than career, women should be more at home and be a housewife, a wife/mother perform all household tasks such as cooking, washing, embroidery, childcare, care of the home, children, husband, being a housewife into the nature of monthly expenditure, women as domestic servants work caring for children, can work under pressure, a little rest, good at cooking, washing, can take care of their own health, and finally women should be housewives.</p>Conclusion is different roles and weights, two different terms. Private role is to take care of the family. While household problem is not a requirement for women. Sincerity women who want to perform household duties while caring for children and a husband. The system of values, norms, stereotypes and gender ideology has long been seen as one of the factors that influence women's position and relationship with men, or with the environment in the construction of society. The role of women in the public sphere of the economy is getting the salary from his own sweat where the money is not an obligation to use on families. Women who want to help and share their income to domesticate the supposed obligation of men referred to as alms. Alms in financial terms given willingly by the woman/wife to the household as a form of glory and grace of a woman. Each role taken by women has a positive function for themselves, society and beliefs.

73.2 Sugar and Spice and Everything Nice: Gender Representation in Media

It is well-known that media exposure has an impact on the developing child. The goal of this session is to examine the messages that children receive about gender and gender roles from various media sources.

Differentiations and intersections

This study examines the impact of a global sports event on gender representations in media reporting. Whereas previous research on gender, sport and media has been mainly concerned with sports events in the North American or Australian context, this study investigates the British media reporting before, during and after the London Olympics 2012. Our study follows the approach of Corpus-Assisted Discourse Studies (CADS) and uses both quantitative and qualitative research procedures. The results reveal more balanced gender representations during the London Olympics in that the ‘regular’ biased associations were supressed in favour of positive references to female achievements. However, little carry-though of the ‘gains’ was noted. Also, this study shows that the positive associations intersected with national sentiments and were used to celebrate the nation-state. At the same time, some subtle resistance was observed to accepting as ‘truly’ British the non-white athletes and those not born in Britain.

The Representation of Masculinity in Cinema and on Television: An Analysis of Fictional Male Characters

Mass media, especially cinema and television, are important devices that build and strengthen males and female roles in societies. The representation of gender in media is crucial because individuals get to know gender roles in the process of socialization. Besides the female identity, masculinity is also a constructible element and fictional male characters produced both in cinema and on television send messages about masculinity to the audience. In this study, the male representation both in the television series and in films were compared with this assumption and the question how male characters are represented on the two different mass media is examined in Turkey. Furthermore, the question "whether masculine representation reinforces the existing patriarchal male image or produces an alternative male model" is in the interest area of the study. The method of this study is reception analysis and in-depth interviews were undertaken with audiences with different demographic characteristics. As a result, it has been found that male representations in cinema and television are produced with similar myths, symbols, metaphors and messages, similar gender languages are used in different media, and fictional male characters in cinema and television have common characteristics.

Face-ism and Objectification in Mainstream and LGBT Magazines.

In visual media, men are often shown with more facial prominence than women, a manifestation of sexism that has been labeled face-ism. The present research extended the study of facial prominence and gender representation in media to include magazines aimed at lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) audiences for the first time, and also examined whether overall gender differences in facial prominence can still be found in mainstream magazines. Face-ism emerged in Newsweek, but not in Time, The Advocate, or Out. Although there were no overall differences in facial prominence between mainstream and LGBT magazines, there were differences in the facial prominence of men and women among the four magazines included in the present study. These results suggest that face-ism is still a problem, but that it may be restricted to certain magazines. Furthermore, future research may benefit from considering individual magazine titles rather than broader categories of magazines, given that the present study found few similarities between different magazines in the same media category—indeed, Out and Time were more similar to each other than they were to the other magazine in their respective categories.

Gender representations in children's media and their influence

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to draw attention to the significant underrepresentation of females and stereotypical portrayals of both females and males that still exist in different kinds of media children are exposed to, as well as to various negative influences these may have on children's development. In addition, this paper intends to show up the potential positive effects of non-sexist gender representations in these media. Design/methodology/approach – The paper reviews studies that have been conducted on various kinds of media, in order to gain and provide a representative overview of gender portrayals and of possible influences they might have on children. Findings – Women are underrepresented in children's literature, television programs, as well as computer-related software. Traditional portrayals of females are also still the norm in these media that children are daily faced with. Alarming trends regarding the representations of males have also been found. The negative influence of sexist representations on children has been shown by numerous studies, as has been the potential of positively affecting children's development by exposing them to non-traditional gender representations. Originality/value – Awareness of how highly present sexism still is in media for children and of the ways in which it may inhibit children's development is seen as a crucial step toward change. Change in this field is needed if we want to ensure a better, more equal future for our world.

Gender Representation of the Anti-Globalisation Movement in the Alternative Media

The article focuses on the visual representation of men and women in the anti-globalisation movement in the alternative media. Two specific occasions are addressed: the demonstrations in Prague (2000) and Genoa (2001). Semiotic and content analyses are applied in a comparison of British and Czech alternative magazines. A brief history of the anti-globalisation movement, theories of alternative media, and gender representation in media is provided. The research shows that the anti-globalisation struggle is represented as gendered, and traditional gender roles are reproduced in the alternative media. Fewer women than men are represented in the media coverage, and women and men are shown performing different activities. Women are mostly associated with non-violent and creative actions, while men are more often depicted as fighters. Violent protest is considered more effective and important; male tactics are the norm. The British and Czech media do not differ significantly in terms of how men and women at the demonstrations or in the movement are represented. Sociologický casopis/Czech Sociological Review, 2004, Vol. 40, No. 6: 851-868