Gel Sponge Research Articles

Management of chylothorax after retrocrural lymphadectomy in a patient with ovarian cancer: a case report

Introduction and importance: With the widespread use of positron emission tomography and computed tomography (PET/CT), a significantly greater proportion of patients with advanced ovarian cancer (OC) are now diagnosed with superior renal-vein lymph node metastases involving retrocrural and mediastinal nodes. To the authors’ knowledge, retrocrural lymphadenectomy has not yet been reported in patients with OC. The authors performed retrocrural lymph node resection in a patient with ovarian cancer. Case presentation: A 64-year-old woman with ovarian cancer who had not undergone surgery upon initial diagnosis was admitted to the authors’ hospital because tumour markers increased during bevacizumab maintenance therapy. PET/CT imaging revealed adnexal masses and multiple metastases in pelvic, para-aortic, retrocrural, and mediastinal lymph nodes. Reduction surgery was performed, and retrocrural lymph nodes were excised. However, the patient’s postoperative course was complicated by a chylothorax. Because of the failure of conservative treatment, interventional embolization was performed, but failed to obstruct lymphatic vessels. The patient underwent reoperation. A fistula was located where Hem-o-lock clips penetrated the pleura, clearly indicating the injury site, which was then sutured and embedded in the surrounding diaphragmatic tissue and filled with gel sponge. The patient recovered from chylous leakage postoperatively. She later underwent chemotherapy and targeted maintenance therapy. Clinical discussion: The authors may have injured the communicating branch of the thoracic duct posterior to the diaphragm during the first operation and did not ligate it. The accumulated chylous fluid finally penetrated through the weak point on the pleura and led to chylothorax 3 days later. If conservative treatment or interventional embolization are unsuccessful, surgical treatment should be selected in time. Conclusion: The location of the retrocrural lymph node at the anastomosis of the chylous cistern and the thoracic duct may pose a significant risk of chylous leakage as a complication of lymphadenectomy. Full exposure of the surgical field and thorough ligation of the lymphatic vessels may lead to successful superior renal-vein lymphadenectomy.

Multifunctional chitosan-based gel sponge with efficient antibacterial, hemostasis and strong adhesion

Developing wound dressings with solid adhesive properties that enable efficient, painless hemostasis and prevent wound infection remain a huge challenge. Herein, the tris(hydroxymethyl) methyl glycine-modified chitosan derivative (CTMG) was prepared and freeze-dried after simply adjusting the concentration of CTMG to obtain the chitosan-based gel sponge with desired multi-hollow structure, special antibacterial and biocompatibility. The adhesion strength on porcine skin was impressive up to 113 KPa, much higher than fibrin glue. It can withstand the pressure that far exceeds blood pressure. CTMG exhibits bacteriostatic abilities as demonstrated in a bacteriostatic assay, and alongside biocompatibility, as shown in cytotoxicity and hemolytic assays. Moreover, CTMG gel sponge showed hemostatic properties in both in vivo and in vitro hemostasis experiments. During an experiment on liver hemorrhage in rats, CTMG gel sponge proved to be more effective in controlling bleeding than other hemostatic sponges available on the market, indicating its promising hemostatic properties. CTMG gel sponge possesses the potential to function as a wound dressing and hemostatic material, making it suitable for various clinical applications.

Evaluation of effect of absorbable gelatin sponge (gel foam) nasal packing in external dacrocystorhinostomy

The success rate of external DCR has been reported to an exemplary level with variation regard to the surgeon’s skill, competence and experience. The relatively high success rates of external DCR does not detract from the limitations of the procedure. Intra operative difficulty and Post-operative morbidity have led to search for modifications in the technique. Gel foam helps to reduce bleeding in the post-operative period and improves the surgical outcome.The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect absorbable gelatin sponge(gel foam) nasal packing in external dacryocystorhinostomy.Study was done at M M Joshi Eye Institute, Hubli and the subjects was divided into two groups. Group A had 21 patients, and they underwent External DCR without gelfoam nasal packing(control group) and Group B (study group) had 20 patients, and they underwent External DCR with gelfoam nasal packing. The postoperative results was compared between the two groups. Statistical analysis was done by SPSS 20.0 version, Chi- square test was done for analysis. P value of less than 0.05 was taken as significant. The study found out absorbable gelatin sponge (gel foam) nasal packing in external dacryocystorhinostomy would help in reduced postoperative bleeding frequency, bleeding time and increased anatomical success rate.Postoperative heamostasis was attained successfully by using absorbable packing material such as gelfoam.

The Role of Absorbable Gelatin Sponge (Gel Foam) in Control of Sternal Bleeding during Cardiac Surgery

The Role of Absorbable Gelatin Sponge (Gel Foam) in Control of Sternal Bleeding during Cardiac Surgery

Prevention of chemotherapy-induced premature ovarian insufficiency in mice by scaffold-based local delivery of human embryonic stem cell-derived mesenchymal progenitor cells

BackgroundPremature ovarian insufficiency (POI) is one of the most serious side effects of chemotherapy in young cancer survivors. It may not only reduce fecundity but also affect lifelong health. There is no standard therapy for preserving ovarian health after chemotherapy. Recently, administration of embryonic stem cell-derived mesenchymal progenitor cells (ESC-MPCs) has been considered a new therapeutic option for preventing POI. However, the previous method of directly injecting cells into the veins of patients exhibits low efficacy and safety. This study aimed to develop safe and effective local delivery methods for the prevention of POI using two types of bioinspired scaffolds.MethodsFemale mice received intraperitoneal cisplatin for 10 days. On day 11, human ESC-MPCs were delivered through systemic administration using intravenous injection or local administration using intradermal injection and intradermal transplantation with a PLGA/MH sponge or hyaluronic acid (HA) gel (GEL) type of scaffold. PBS was injected intravenously as a negative control. Ovarian function and fertility were evaluated 4 weeks after transplantation. Follicle development was observed using hematoxylin and eosin staining. The plasma levels of sex hormones were measured using ELISA. Expression levels of anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) and ki-67 were detected using immunostaining, and the quality of oocytes and embryos was evaluated after in vitro fertilization. The estrous cycles were observed at 2 months after transplantation.ResultsThe local administration of human ESC-MPCs using the bioinspired scaffold to the backs of mice effectively prolonged the cell survival rate in vivo. The HA GEL group exhibited the best recovered ovarian functions, including a significantly increased number of ovarian reserves, estrogen levels, and AMH levels and decreased apoptotic levels. Furthermore, the HA GEL group showed improved quality of oocytes and embryos and estrous cycle regularity.ConclusionsHA GEL scaffolds can be used as new delivery platforms for ESC-MPC therapy, and this method may provide a novel option for the clinical treatment of chemotherapy-induced POI.

Chlorhexidine-impregnated sponge versus chlorhexidine gel dressing for short-term intravascular catheters: which one is better?

BackgroundChlorhexidine-gluconate (CHG) impregnated dressings may prevent catheter-related bloodstream infections (CRBSI). Chlorhexidine-impregnated sponge dressings (sponge-dress) and gel dressings (gel-dress) have never been directly compared. We used the data collected for two randomized-controlled trials to perform a comparison between sponge-dress and gel-dress.MethodsAdult critically ill patients who required short-term central venous or arterial catheter insertion were recruited. Our main analysis included only patients with CHG-impregnated dressings. The effect of gel-dress (versus sponge-dress) on major catheter-related infections (MCRI) and CRBSI was estimated using multivariate marginal Cox models. The comparative risks of dressing disruption and contact dermatitis were evaluated using logistic mix models for clustered data. An explanatory analysis compared gel-dress with standard dressings using either CHG skin disinfection or povidone iodine skin disinfection.ResultsA total of 3483 patients and 7941 catheters were observed in 16 intensive care units. Sponge-dress and gel-dress were utilized for 1953 and 2108 catheters, respectively. After adjustment for confounders, gel-dress showed similar risk for MCRI compared to sponge-dress (HR 0.80, 95% CI 0.28–2.31, p = 0.68) and CRBSI (HR 1.13, 95% CI 0.34–3.70, p = 0.85), less dressing disruptions (OR 0.72, 95% CI 0.60–0.86, p < 0.001), and more contact dermatitis (OR 3.60, 95% CI 2.51–5.15, p < 0.01). However, gel-dress increased the risk of contact dermatitis only if CHG was used for skin antisepsis (OR 1.94, 95% CI 1.38–2.71, p < 0.01).ConclusionsWe described a similar infection risk for gel-dress and sponge-dress. Gel-dress showed fewer dressing disruptions. Concomitant use of CHG for skin disinfection and CHG-impregnated dressing may significantly increase contact dermatitis.Trials registrationThese studies were registered within ClinicalTrials.gov (numbers NCT01189682 and NCT00417235).

Sustained reduction of catheter-associated bloodstream infections with enhancement of catheter bundle by chlorhexidine dressings over 11\xa0years

BackgroundProspective randomized controlled studies have demonstrated that addition of chlorhexidine (CHG) dressings reduces the rate of catheter (central venous and arterial)-associated bloodstream infections (CABSIs). However, studies confirming their impact in a real-world setting are lacking.MethodsWe conducted a real-world data study evaluating the impact of incrementally introducing chlorhexidine dressings (sponge or gel) in addition to an ongoing catheter bundle on the rates of CABSI, expressed as incidence density rates per 1000 catheter-days measured as part of a surveillance program. Poisson regression models were used to compare infection rates over time. Both dressings were used simultaneously during one of the five study periods.ResultsFrom 2006 to 2014, 18,286 patients were admitted (91,292 ICU-days and 155,242 catheter-days). We recorded 111 CABSIs. We observed a progressive but significant decrease of CABSI rates from 1.48 (95% CI 1.09–2.01) without CHG dressings to 0.69 (95% CI 0.43–1.09) and 0.23 (95% CI 0.11–0.48) episodes per 1000 catheter-days when CHG sponge and CHG gel dressings were used (p = 0.0007; p < 0.001). A non-significant lower rate of infections occurred with CHG gel compared with CHG sponge dressings. An identical low rate of allergic skin reactions (0.3/1000 device-days) was observed with both types of CHX dressings. Post-study data until 2018 confirmed a sustained decrease of infection rates over 11 years.ConclusionsThe addition of chlorhexidine dressings to all CVC and arterial lines to an ongoing catheter bundle was associated with a sustained 11-year reduction of all catheter-associated bloodstream infections. This large real-world data study further supports the current recommendations for the systematic use of CHG dressings on all catheters of ICU patients.

Deswelling Dynamics of Thermoresponsive Microgel Capsules and Their Ultrasensitive Sensing Applications: A Mesoscopic Simulation Study

Thermoresponsive microgels with a hollow capsule architecture have been widely used in drug delivery and molecular encapsulation, and their efficacy is contingent on the internal structure in the deswelling dynamics process. Despite a large number of experimental studies on microgels, proper theoretical methods based on an individual microgel capsule are still a few because of the complexity of the microgels. Herein, we first propose a novel methodology to investigate the structural properties and deswelling dynamics of microgel capsules by integrating a temperature-dependent Morse potential with Langevin dynamics simulation. Different properties, including volume phase transition temperature, temperature-dependent diameter, and structural morphologies of individual microgels, are assessed to rationalize our simulation method, and a good agreement between simulation predictions and experimental observations has been obtained. Depending on the system temperature, the morphological transition of three regimes in the shell structure is identified: scattered nanogels, progressively porous sponge gels, and dense ribbonlike gels. The temperature-switchable sensors composed of microgel capsules on the substrates are devised, which exhibit tunable reflectivity or thickness by simply varying the system temperature. Our mesoscale results provide helpful insights into the transient structure within the networked microgels and the design of smart polymeric nanomaterials, such as biosensors, drug delivery systems, and actuators.

Lysophosphatidic Acid Induces Ligamentum Flavum Hypertrophy Through the LPAR1/Akt Pathway

Background/Aims: Hypertrophic ligamentum flavum (LF) is a major cause of lumbar spinal stenosis. Our previous work showed that high levels of lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) expression are positively correlated with LF hypertrophy. This study aimed to further unveil how LPA regulates LF hypertrophy Methods: We studied LPAR1 expression in human LF cells using PCR and western blotting. Cell viability cell cycle, apoptosis rate and molecular mechanisms were assayed in LPAR1 knockdown or overexpression LF cells. LF hypertrophy and the molecular mechanism was confirmed in human samples and in in vivo studies. Results: The expression of LPA and its receptor LPAR1 is significantly higher in tissues or cells harvested from hypertrophic LF compared to healthy controls. Moreover, LPA promoted LF cell proliferation by interacting with LPAR1. This conclusion is supported by the fact that depletion or overexpression of LPAR1 changed the effect of LPA on LF cell proliferation. LPA also inhibits apoptosis in LF cells through the receptor LPAR1. Importantly, we demonstrated that the LPA-LPAR1 interaction initiated Akt phosphorylation and determined cell proliferation and apoptosis. Our in vitro findings were supported by our in vivo evidence that lyophilized LPA significantly induced LF hypertrophy via the LPAR1-Akt signaling pathway. More importantly, targeted inhibition of LPAR1 by Ki16425 with a gel sponge implant effectively reduced LPA-associated LF hypertrophy. Taken together, these data indicate that LPA binds to the receptor LPAR1 to induce LF cell proliferation and inhibit apoptosis by activating AKT signaling cascades. Targeting this signaling cascade with Ki16425 is a potential therapeutic strategy for preventing LF hypertrophy. Conclusion: LPA-LPAR1-Akt activation is positively correlated with the proliferation and survival of LF cells. LPAR1 could be a target for new drugs and the development of new therapeutic methods for treating LF hypertrophy.

Repairing diabetic rats with bone defect by VEGF165 gene modified adipose-derived stem cells

To explore repairing results of VEGF165 gene modified adipose-derived stem cells for diabetic rats with bone defect. Seventy-eight male Wistar rats weighted 180 to 220 g were selected, 72 rats were established diabetic animal models by streptozotocin inducement method, blood glucose level was more than 16.7 mmol/L. Experimental animals were randomly divided into 5 groups, 6 rats in normal group and each 18 rats in other groups. VEGF165 gene modified adipose-derived stem cells were implanted into normal group with bone defect; single diabetic rats with bone defect were named as diabetic group;vascular endothelial growth factor implanted into single diabetic rats with bone defect named as growth factor group; adipose-derived stem cells implanted into diabetic rats with bone defect names as stem cell group; VEGF165 gene modified adipose-derived stem cells implanted diabetic rats with bone defect named as experimental group. After combination of VEGF165-ADSCs (5×106) cells combined with gel sponge, implanted into diabetic rats with bone defect. On the forth week, general form of defect repairing tissue were observed by optical microscopy;local density of micro-vessel were detected by immunohistochemistry method; content of Ca, P and ALP of repairing callus were detected by IRIS Intrepid XSP inductively coupled plasma emission spectrometer. Efficacy of the VEGF165-ADSCs repairing function was evaluated by SPSS statistic software. Fluorescent staining results showed that expression of VEGF165 located on cytoplasm of ADSCs, expression percentage was more than 87%; general histology results showed that callus formation and quality was near to normal group, repairing results in diabetes group, growth factor group and stem cell group were poor. On the Forth week after implantation, content of Ca, P and ALP of repairing callus in experimental group were higher than those in growth group and stem cell group, and without significant differences compared with normal group; blood vessel density in experimental group was lower than normal group, but higher than other groups. VEGF165 gene modified adipose-derived stem cells for repairing diabetic rats with bone defect has advantages of osteogenesis and angiogenesis, and should be one of the effective method for repairing diabetic rats with bone defect.

Release properties of atelocollagen-gelatin complexes as carriers for local administration of fluvastatin.

The aim of this study was to investigate properties of atelocollagen/gelatin complexes (AC/Gel) and their characteristics of sustained statin release, to assess the utility of AC/Gel. AC/Gel were prepared by changing the mixing ratio of AC (0 to 40% of AC). Analysis of spectra of fluvastatin (Flu), gelatin (Gel), and Flu with Gel complex using a Fourier transform-infrared spectrometer indicates that Flu was bound to Gel through a bond involving the carboxyl and amino groups. Evaluation of characteristics of sustained release of Flu from the AC/Gel using an ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometer showed that the release rate of Flu decreased with increasing the AC content. The histological evaluation using of Sprague-Dawley rats suggest that, unlike the pure Gel sponge, the AC/Gel was not absorbed in an early stage. Therefore, the present study showed that sustained Flu release can be controlled by using an AC/Gel, suggesting the utility of this composite material.

A free-standing porous silicon-type gel sponge with superhydrophobicity and oleophobicity

Porous and spongy superhydrophobic silicon-type gels monoliths have been fabricated by a facile method.

Usnic acid-incorporated alginate and gelatin sponges prepared by freeze-drying for biomedical applications

There is considerable interest in the pharmaceutical and biomedical areas in the use of sponges, produced with biopolymers, as matrices for the controlled release of drugs. The objective of this work was to evaluate the physicochemical characterization of alginate–gelatin (ALG–GEL) sponges containing usnic acid (UA), by thermogravimetric analysis (TG/DTG), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The macroscopic aspect showed a flexible structure, with variations in coloration depending on the concentration of UA in the sponges. The TG/DTG curves of ALG–GEL sponges and sponges containing 1 and 5 % of UA showed similar profiles and percentages of loss of mass. The DSC curves of both the sponges showed similar profiles, with two events involving a variation of enthalpy being observed, the first an endothermic event and the latter exothermic events, typical of decomposition. These curves show the absence of an endothermic peak of UA at 201 °C, indicating that the drug was present in the polymeric system. The SEM showed the ALG–GEL sponge to have the largest average pore diameter and a more heterogeneous arrangement of polymeric fibers, while sponges incorporated with UA showed more homogeneous arrangement of polymeric fibers. In conclusion, the incorporation of UA did not change the thermal stability of the sponges. Furthermore, the sponges incorporated with the drug showed a microstructural organization suitable for drug release systems.

Softwood-based sponge gels

Crosslinking-aided gelation was utilized to prepare hydrogels from softwood polysaccharides, with spruce galactoglucomannans (GGM)—a group of largely unexploited hemicelluloses—as the main component, aiming at conversion into sponge-like aerogels. Cellulose nanofibrils were used for the formation of a reinforcing network, which was further crosslinked together with a GGM matrix by ammonium zirconium carbonate, an inorganic salt that is regarded as safe for use in food packaging. The hydrogels were freeze-dried into stiff, low-density aerogels with 98 % of their volume composed of air-filled pores. When immersed in water, the aerogels absorbed water up to 37 times their initial weight, demonstrating elasticity and repeatable and reversible sponge capacity. The developed concept reassembles the wood polysaccharides in a new way, creating interesting possibilities for utilizing the abundant “green gold,” GGM. The obtained biobased materials could find application potential, for example, in the field of food packaging and could contribute in the reduction of the usage of petroleum-based plastics in the future.

Regeneration of rat corpora cavernosa tissue by transplantation of CD133+ cells derived from human bone marrow and placement of biodegradable gel sponge sheet.

The objective is to develop an easier technique for regenerating corpora cavernosa tissue through transplantation of human bone marrow-derived CD133+ cells into a rat corpora cavernosa defect model. We excised 2 mm × 2 mm squares of the right corpora cavernosa of twenty-three 8-week-old male nude rats. Alginate gel sponge sheets supplemented with 1 × 104 CD133+ cells were then placed over the excised area of nine rats. Functional and histological evaluations were carried out 8 weeks later. The mean intracavernous pressure/mean arterial pressure ratio for the nine rats (0.34258 ± 0.0831) was significantly higher than that for eight rats with only the excision (0.0580 ± 0.0831, P = 0.0238) and similar to that for five rats for which the penis was exposed, and there was no excision (0.37228 ± 0.1051, P = 0.8266). Immunohistochemical analysis revealed that the nine fully treated rats had venous sinus-like structures and quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction analysis of extracts from their alginate gel sponge sheets revealed that the amounts of mRNA encoding the nerve growth factor (NGF), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) were significantly higher than those for rats treated with alginate gel sheets without cell supplementation (NGF: P = 0.0309; VEGF: P < 0.0001). These findings show that transplantation of CD133+ cells accelerates functional and histological recovery in the corpora cavernosa defect model.

Orthotopic Osteogenecity Enhanced by a Porous Gelatin Sponge in a Critical‐Sized Rat Calvaria Defect

The gelatin (Gel) powders, derived from acidic and basic extractions of porcine dermis (referred to as AE and BE), were processed for the porous sponge preparation. The disks, which were less than or greater than 500 μm in diameter [small (S) and large (L) pores, respectively] in both extractions and had an interconnected structure respectively, were implanted in critical-sized defects (CSD) of rat calvaria for 4 and 8 weeks to analyze the bone repair capability. Only the AE-S disk induced bone formation (over 60%) histomorphometrically in the CSD after 8 weeks, although the collagen orientation of the regenerated bone was still immature. Osteoblastic cell culture until 14 days did not substantiate marked superiority of AE-S disk regarding the proliferation and the differentiation, although the initial attachment was enhanced on AE-S disk than BE-L disk. The results provide the findings that a Gel sponge with a specific porous structure is capable of inducing orthotopic bone formation in vivo environment.

A protein tyrosine kinase receptor, c-RET signaling pathway contributes to the enteric neurogenesis induced by a 5-HT4 receptor agonist at an anastomosis after transection of the gut in rodents.

We previously reported that a serotonin 4 (5-HT4) receptor agonist, mosapride citrate (MOS), increased the number of c-RET-positive cells and levels of c-RET mRNA in gel sponge implanted in the necks of rats. The 5-HT4 receptor is a G protein coupled receptor (GPCR) coupled to G protein Gs-cAMP cascades. We investigated the possibility that 5-HT4 receptor activation induced c-RET activation and/or PKA activation by elevating cAMP levels. Rodents were orally administered MOS by adding it to drinking water for 2 weeks after enteric nerve circuit insult via gut transection and anastomosis, together with the RET inhibitors withaferin A (WA) and RPI-1 or the PKA inhibitor H89. We then examined PGP9.5-positive cells in the newly formed granulation tissue at the anastomotic site. MOS significantly increased the number of new neurons, but not when co-administered with WA or RPI-1. Co-administration of H89 failed to alter MOS-induced increases in neurogenesis. In conclusion, the c-RET signaling pathway contributes to enteric neurogenesis facilitated by MOS, though the contribution of PKA activation seems unlikely.

Use of gelatin-thrombin matrix haemostatic sealant in neurosurgery: Anaesthetic implications and review of literature

AbstractThe topical haemostatic agents have been developed to be used as adjunctive measures to promote haemostasis. These include bone wax, absorbable gel sponges, microfibrillar collagen, oxidised regenerated cellulose, gelatin sponges with thrombin, gelatin-thrombin matrix sealant or fibrin sealants. Gelatin-thrombin matrix sealant is a mixture of a bovine-derived gelatin matrix and human-derived thrombin component that are mixed together at the time of use. This agent has been found to be more effective haemostat than thrombin-soaked gelatine sponges. The possible adverse effects of this can be transmission of diseases from human or bovine sources, allergic reactions, thromboembolism, disseminated intravascular coagulopathy (DIC), perilesional oedema, and compression of neural tissue. Although it is used routinely in the operating room, there is little literature available on the perioperative implications with use of intraoperative gelatin-thrombin matrix sealant. Here, we present clinical report of 20 neurosurgical patients where the sealant was used and literature in view of current evidence has been reviewed.

MP52-02 REGENERATION OF RAT CORPUS CAVERNOSA TISSUE AFTER TRANSPLANTATION OF CD 133+ CELLS DERIVED FROM HUMAN BONE MARROW AND PLACEMENT OF BIODEGRADABLE GEL SPONGE SHEET.

You have accessJournal of UrologySexual Function/Dysfunction/Andrology: Basic Research I1 Apr 2015MP52-02 REGENERATION OF RAT CORPUS CAVERNOSA TISSUE AFTER TRANSPLANTATION OF CD 133+ CELLS DERIVED FROM HUMAN BONE MARROW AND PLACEMENT OF BIODEGRADABLE GEL SPONGE SHEET. Shogo Inoue, Shunsuke Shinmei, Koichi Shoji, Mitsuru Kajiwara, Jun Teishima, and Akio Matsubara Shogo InoueShogo Inoue More articles by this author , Shunsuke ShinmeiShunsuke Shinmei More articles by this author , Koichi ShojiKoichi Shoji More articles by this author , Mitsuru KajiwaraMitsuru Kajiwara More articles by this author , Jun TeishimaJun Teishima More articles by this author , and Akio MatsubaraAkio Matsubara More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.juro.2015.02.1719AboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookTwitterLinked InEmail INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES Conditions, such as congenital anomalies, penile cancer, traumatic penile injury and some types of vasculogenic erectile dysfunction (ED), often require penile reconstruction. The objective of this study was to develop an easier regenerating technique of corpus cavernosa through transplanting human bone-marrow-derived CD133+ cells into a rat corpus cavernosa defect model. METHODS 2x2 mm squares of the right corpus cavernosa of 8-week-old male nude rats were excised. Alginate gel sponge sheets supplemented with 1x104 CD133+ cells derived from human bone marrow were then placed over the gaps on both sides (CD group). The same experiments were conducted on sham-operated rats (SH group), rats with only corpus cavernosa excision (EX group), and rats with alginate gel sheets placed on the injured corpus cavernosa (AL group). Functional and histological evaluations were carried out eight weeks later. We used anti α-smooth muscle actin as a primary antibody to detect vascular smooth muscle. We also used anti-S-100 protein as a primary antibody to detect neuron tissue, especially Schwann cells. In the AL and CD groups, four days after the corpus cavernosa were excised and an alginate gel sheet was placed over the corpus cavernosa stumps, the sheets on the only the right side of the corpus cavernosa were retrieved from three rats in each group. We carried out quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) analysis of the rat nerve growth factor (NGF) and rat vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in the alginate gel sheets. RESULTS The mean intracavernous pressure/mean arterial pressure of the CD group (0.34258 ± 0.0831) was significantly higher than that of the EX group (0.0580 ± 0.0831; P = 0.0238) and similar to that of the SH group (0.37228 ± 0.1051; P = 0.8266). Immunohistochemical analysis revealed some venous-sinus-like structures without vascular smooth muscle and neuron tissues were regenerated in the CD group. The RT-PCR for the extracts from the alginate gel sponge sheets retrieved in the CD group revealed that qRT-PCR helped in determining the amounts of mRNA for rat NGF and rat VEGF to be significantly higher than those in the AL group (NGF: P = 0.0309, VEGF: P < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS Transplantation of CD133+ cells accelerated the functional and histological recovery in this corpus cavernosa defect model. We believe CD133+ cell transplantation will be able to be applied to the treatment of penile regeneration or severe ED that is not responsive to PDE5 inhibitors. © 2015 by American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 193Issue 4SApril 2015Page: e628 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 2015 by American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.MetricsAuthor Information Shogo Inoue More articles by this author Shunsuke Shinmei More articles by this author Koichi Shoji More articles by this author Mitsuru Kajiwara More articles by this author Jun Teishima More articles by this author Akio Matsubara More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement Advertisement PDF DownloadLoading ...

47 Regeneration of rat corpus cavernosa tissue after transplantation of CD 133+ cells derived from human bone marrow and placement of biodegradable gel sponge sheet

47 Regeneration of rat corpus cavernosa tissue after transplantation of CD 133+ cells derived from human bone marrow and placement of biodegradable gel sponge sheet