Gel In Patients Research Articles

Clinical and Dermoscopic Comparison of the Efficacy and Safety of 5% Fluorouracil Topical Cream and 1% Niacinamide Topical Gel in the Treatment of Actinic Keratosis: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Actinic keratosis (AK) is a common skin condition treated by dermatologists; however, the effectiveness, superiority, and potential side effects of current treatment protocols are still debated. This study aimed to compare the effectiveness and safety of 5% fluorouracil topical cream and 1% niacinamide topical gel in patients with AK. In a randomized clinical trial, 26 patients with 95 AK lesions were assigned to receive either 5% fluorouracil topical cream twice daily for 4 weeks or 1% niacinamide topical gel twice daily for 3 months. Photography and dermoscopy before and after treatment were used to evaluate the outcomes. The study included 26 patients who underwent randomization and treatment. Analysis of the improvement response after treatment through photography and dermoscopy scores, as well as patients' perspectives, showed that the fluorouracil group had significantly better outcomes than the niacinamide group. However, treatment complications including burning, itching, and erythema were significantly more frequent in the fluorouracil group than in the niacinamide group. Although 5% fluorouracil cream is more effective than 1% niacinamide gel in treating AK lesions, it is also associated with more frequent side effects.

Efficacy and Safety of Fixed-Dose Clindamycin Phosphate 1.2%/Adapalene 0.15%/Benzoyl Peroxide 3.1% Gel in Black Participants with Moderate-to-Severe Acne

Introduction: Topical clindamycin phosphate 1.2%/adapalene 0.15%/benzoyl peroxide 3.1% (CAB) gel is the first fixed-dose, triple-combination formulation approved for the treatment of acne, and is indicated in patients 12 years of age and older. In 3 clinical studies of participants with moderate-to-severe acne, CAB gel demonstrated superior efficacy to vehicle and component dyads, with good safety/tolerability. To better understand the efficacy and safety of CAB gel in patients with darker skin phototypes, this post hoc analysis included participants who self-identified as ‘Black or African American’ (hereafter referred to as Black). Methods: Data were pooled from a phase 2 (N=741) and two phase 3 (N=183; N=180), double-blind, randomized, 12-week studies. Participants aged ≥9 years with moderate to severe acne were randomized to receive once-daily CAB or vehicle gel. Endpoints included ≥2-grade reduction from baseline in Evaluator’s Global Severity Score and clear/almost clear skin (treatment success) and least-squares mean percent change from baseline in inflammatory/ noninflammatory lesion counts. Treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) were also assessed. Results: Of 657 participants randomized to CAB or vehicle gel, 104 (15.8%) self-identified as Black (n=64 CAB, n=40 vehicle). At week 12, 31.5% of Black participants treated with CAB achieved treatment success, compared to 17.3% with vehicle. Inflammatory lesion reductions with CAB were significantly greater than with vehicle (69.0% vs 53.6%, P<0.01), and noninflammatory lesion reductions were numerically greater with CAB than with vehicle (58.3% vs 51.9%). The rate of TEAEs with CAB treatment in Black participants was generally lower than in the overall study population (23.4% vs 24.6-36.2%), and most TEAEs were of mild-to-moderate severity. Conclusions: Fixed-dose, triple-combination CAB gel was efficacious and well tolerated in Black participants with moderate-to-severe acne. Despite the limited number of self-identified Black participants across the clinical studies of CAB gel, these post hoc analyses add valuable information to the limited literature describing treatment effects of fixed-dose combination acne treatments in Black individuals. Funding: Ortho Dermatologics

Assessment of therapeutic response to photodynamic therapy with the Zn-Phthalocyanine RLP068/Cl versus topical Clindamycin in patients affected by Hidradenitis Suppurativa: a comparative clinical pilot study

Hidradenitis suppurativa is a chronic skin disorder characterized by painful inflammatory nodules and abscesses, significantly impacting patients’ quality of life. Current treatment strategies, including topical antibiotics, often yield limited efficacy and pose risks of antibiotic resistance. Photodynamic therapy has emerged as a potential option, with RLP068/Cl (ELKOFAST®, non-sterile formulation) showing promising efficacy due to its broad-spectrum bactericidal activity. We conducted a pilot study assessing the therapeutic response to photodynamic therapy with RLP068/Cl versus topical clindamycin gel in patients affected by hidradenitis suppurativa of Hurley score I, II, and III. Results revealed higher efficacy of photodynamic therapy in combination with RLP068/Cl, particularly in mild cases. Its efficacy remains reliable even in more severe cases when combined with adalimumab. The observed faster lesion improvement and pain relief were ascribed to the bactericidal effects of RLP068/Cl against Gram+ and Gram− bacteria. Furthermore, photoactivated RLP068/Cl was well tolerated with no adverse events reported. Therefore, photodynamic therapy following RLP068/Cl application represents a novel therapeutic option for hidradenitis suppurativa with potential implications for antibiotic stewardship in dermatology.Graphical abstract

Synthesis of vitamin D3 loaded ethosomes gel to cure chronic immune-mediated inflammatory skin disease: physical characterization, in vitro and ex vivo studies

The purpose of the current work was to develop and characterize ethosomes of vitamin D3 gel that could more effectively work against psoriasis. Psoriasis is a chronic immune-mediated inflammatory skin disease. Due to vitamin D3 role in proliferation and maturation of keratinocytes, it has become an important local therapeutic option in the treatment of psoriasis. In this research we have initiated worked on ethosomes gels containing vitamin D3 to treat psoriasis. Soya lecithin 1–8% (w/v), propylene glycol and ethanol were used to create the formulations, which were then tested for vesicle size, shape, surface morphology, entrapment effectiveness, and in vitro drug permeation. The drug encapsulation efficiency of ethosomes was 96.25% ± 0.3. The particle sizes of the optimized ethosomes was 148 and 657 nm, and the PDI value was 0.770 ± 0.12 along with negative charge − 14 ± 3. Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) along with thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) studies confirmed the absence of interactions between vitamin D3 and other ingredients. It was determined that the total amount of medication that penetrated the membrane was 95.34% ± 3. Percentage lysis was very negligible for all strengths which were found less than 15%. Based on our research, ethosomes appear to be safe for use. The vitamin D3 ethosomal gel order, description, pH, and viscosity were all within the specified ranges, according to the findings of a 6-month investigation into the stability profile of the completed system. In this research, we successfully prepared ethosomes loaded with vitamin D3 and then converted it into gel for patients’ easy applications.

Experimental Study of Ultra-Pulsed CO 2 Fractional Laser Combined With Recombinant Human Epidermal Growth Factor Gel in the Treatment of Eyelid Keloid.

Keloid (KD) and hypertrophic scars are prevalent and result from excessive growth of dermal tissue after skin damage. This review focused on the clinical application of the ultra-pulsed CO 2 fractional laser combined with recombinant human epidermal growth factor (rHEGF) gel in patients with eyelid KD. Patients (N = 98) with KD who underwent surgery were randomly divided into a study group (ultra-pulsed CO 2 fractional laser combined with rHEGF gel therapy, N = 49) and a control group (ultra-pulsed CO 2 fractional laser therapy, N = 49). Besides, 5 cases dropped out of the study, including 2 cases in the study group and 3 cases in the control group. Finally, 47 cases of the study group and 46 cases of the study group were included in the analysis. The clinical baseline data such as sex, age, body mass index, scar area, etiology, Vancouver Scar Scale score, Patient and Observer Scar Assessment Scale score, four-item itch questionnaire score, serum interleukin-6 (IL-6), IL-10, and tumor necrosis factor-α level expression were recorded in the study group (N = 47) and the control group (N = 46). There was no significant difference in gender, age, body mass index, scar area, etiology, Vancouver Scar Scale score, Patient and Observer Scar Assessment Scale score, 4-item itch questionnaire score, IL-6, IL-10, and tumor necrosis factor-α levels between the patients treated with ultra-pulse CO 2 fractional laser + rHEGF gel and those only treated with ultra-pulse CO 2 fractional laser ( p > 0.05). Vancouver Scar Scale scores, Patient and Observer Scar Assessment Scale scores, and four-item itch questionnaire scores of patients with eyelid KD decreased to a greater extent than those treated with ultra-pulsed CO 2 fractional laser combined with rHEGF gel ( p <0.01). Compared with ultra-pulsed CO 2 fractional laser treatment, ultra-pulsed CO 2 fractional laser combined with rHEGF gel was more efficacious in treating patients with eyelid KD, with a lower incidence of adverse effects and a 1-year recurrence rate. Ultra-pulsed CO 2 fractional laser combined with rHEGF gel can significantly improve the scar status and scar itching in patients with eyelid KD, with an obvious therapeutic effect, a low incidence of adverse effects, a 1-year recurrence rate, and high safety, which is worthy of popularization and application.

Efficacy of autologous platelet-rich plasma gel in patients with hard-to-heal diabetic foot ulcers: a multicentre study in Japan.

To evaluate the healing outcome of a platelet-rich plasma (PRP) gel prepared using TKKT01 (a wound care device to prepare the PRP gel) in patients with hard-to-heal diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) and who showed an inadequate response to ≥4 weeks of standard of care (SoC). This open-label, single-arm, multicentre study was conducted in 15 centres in Japan. Eligible patients received PRP gel treatment twice a week for eight weeks, followed by a final evaluation after the completion of week 8 (day 57). The primary endpoint was the percentage of patients who achieved ≥50% reduction in wound radius at the final evaluation (achievement criterion, ≥60% of patients). Secondary endpoints included: wound area and volume reduction rates; time to possible wound closure by secondary intention; time to possible wound closure using a relatively simple procedure (e.g., skin graft and suture); and safety at the final evaluation. A total of 54 patients were included in the full analysis set, with 47 patients included in the per protocol set; the primary endpoint was met in 38/47 (80.9%) (95% confidence interval: 66.7-90.9%) patients who achieved ≥50% wound radius reduction at the final evaluation. High rates of wound area (72.8%) and volume (92.7%) reduction were observed at the final evaluation. The median time to possible wound closure by secondary intention and by use of a relatively simple procedure was 57 and 43 days, respectively. Complete wound closure at the final evaluation was achieved in 27 (57.4%) patients. No safety concerns were raised. In this study, the efficacy and safety of PRP gel treatment with TKKT01 in patients with hard-to-heal DFUs in Japan were confirmed by our findings. This study was funded by Rohto Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Japan. NO has been paid a consulting fee by Rohto Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. KH is the Chief Medical Officer of Rohto Pharmaceutical. Co., Ltd. The other authors have no conflict of interest to declare.

Clinical Efficacy of Microwave Combined with Sophora flavescens Gel in Treating HPV Infection Complicated with Chronic Cervicitis and its Influence on Vaginal Microecology of Patients

Objective: To analyze the effect of microwave combined with Sophora flavescens gel in patients with HPV infection and chronic cervicitis (CC). Methods: From May 2022 to May 2023, 65 patients with HPV infection complicated with CC were randomly selected and divided into group A (31 cases, microwave) and group B (34 cases, microwave + Sophora flavescens gel) by numerical numbering envelope method, and the effects of the two groups were compared. Results: The positive rate of vaginal microenvironment factors, inflammatory factor indexes, immune function indexes, and HPV-DNA viral load in group B were better than those in group A in the following month after treatment (P &lt; 0.05). Conclusion: Combined use of microwave and Sophora flavescens gel in patients with HPV infection and CC can better improve the vaginal microenvironment and inflammatory reaction, boost the body’s immune function, and reduce HPV-DNA viral load.

Assessing the impact of lubricant on liquid-based Pap smear test outcomes: a randomized clinical trial.

Since today cervical cancers are growing, there is an increasing need to use screening and examination methods. Meanwhile, liquid-based Pap smear test is a common screening method for women, which is widely applied today. Studies have found that use of lubricant gel in this test can affect the pathology and cytology results. Accordingly, the authors intended to evaluate the effect of use of lubricant gel on the Pap smear test results. This study was of single-blind clinical trial, the study population consisted of candidate patients for screening in terms of cervical pathology, for whom liquid-based Pap smear was done. In this study, 506 patients participated, divided into two groups of 253. One group used lubricant gel during the Pap smear, while the other group underwent this test without lubricant. The data were analyzed by SPSS 21. The study results indicated that once the two groups were compared in terms of age, interval of menstruation time and intercourse time from the sampling, no significant relationship was found between the two groups (P>0.05). It was also found that use of lubricant did not affect the cytology and pathology results of patients (P>0.05). The use of lubricant gel in patients can reduce pain in patients during examination and testing, but does not affect the cytological and pathological results of patients.

Evaluation of clinical efficacy of scaling and root planing with copper nanoparticles gel and/or chlorhexidine gel in patients with periodontitis: A randomized control trial

Antibiotic resistance of bacteria to medications can be resolved using nanotechnology. Resistance to antibiotic mechanisms, such as regulation of permeability, multi-drug efflux pumps, antibiotic disintegration, and target area attraction, are dealt with by nanoparticles. These NPs are composed of Ag and Cu as heavy metals. Being both an essential nutrient as well as an especially hazardous matter, copper represents the two poles of the survival range for microorganisms. Because copper fittings and work surfaces are capable of eliminating methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) to prevent cross-contamination,they act as an additional obstacle. Additional research is needed, as the mode of action of nanoparticles is not fully understood. Existing information concerning NPs encourages further research to explore their use in the control of dental infections.

Application of complex preparation based on extracellular matrix as a structure-modifying matrix in dental surgery

The article is devoted to the method of improving bone tissue regeneration after tooth extraction and filling the hole with tissue of an engineering design – scaffold. Biomimetic SFERO (R) in the form of a gel was used as a scaffold. SFERO (R) was used to improve bone regeneration and subsequent implantation and prosthetics. The preparation of Russian production, developed and introduced into practical health care and allowed for transplantation to humans in the Russian Federation (date of state registration June 5, 2004, IN 269774, valid until March 24, 2033). The paper presents clinical examples of application of SFERO(R)gel in patients after extraction of one or more teeth of the chewing group of teeth.

Effectiveness and tolerability of chlormethine gel for the management of mycosis fungoides: a multicenter real-life evaluation.

Topical chlormethine (CL) is recommended as a first-line treatment for early-stage mycosis fungoides (MF) and in 2017, the European Medicines Agency approved the CL gel formulation to treat adult patients. More recently, to increase patient compliance and adherence, clinicians have developed flexible protocols that allow the concomitant use of CL gel with topical corticosteroids in daily practice regimens. Therefore, sharing real-life data on CL gel use and side effects management may help improve the use of this agent. To expand knowledge about the actual use of CL gel in patients with MF, the present study assessed the improvement of MF skin lesions after CL gel treatment and provided information on the management of cutaneous adverse events (AEs) in a real-life setting. This was an Italian retrospective study conducted among six dermatology referral centers. Patients ≥18 years affected by MF and in treatment with CL gel (160 µ/g), alone or in combination according to routine clinical practice, between December 2019 and December 2021 were considered. The study's primary aim was to evaluate the effectiveness of CL gel in terms of overall response rate (ORR) after 3 months of treatment. A total of 79 patients (61% male) with different stages of MF (84% early stage) were included. CL gel was prescribed mainly in association with topical corticosteroids (66% of patients). ORR after 3 months of treatment was 42%, with no differences between early- and advanced-stage MF. Response rates improved over time up to 97% after 18 months of treatment. Overall, 66 AEs were reported in 67% of patients; most were hyperpigmentation (45%) and irritant contact dermatitis (37%). Six AEs led to treatment discontinuation, and five out of six (83%) patients who reported these events resumed treatment after interruption. No AEs were classified as severe. Our observations support the use of CL gel in patients with early- and advanced-stage MF, making it a valuable treatment option.

A comparative evaluation of effect of nano-bio fusion gel and chlorhexidine Gel in patients with chronic periodontitis: A clinical study

: To assess the clinical effectiveness of nano bio fusion gingival gel and chlorhexidine gel as an adjunct to non surgical periodontal therapy for the treatment of chronic periodontitis.: 45 chronic periodontitis patients with atleast ≥ 5mm probing pocket depth were selected. Patients were divided into 3 groups. Group A received intrasulcular application of nano bio fusion gingival gel after oral prophylaxis, group B received chlorhexidine gel after SRP and group C received SRP alone. Clinical parameters such as plaque index, gingival index, modified sulcular bleeding index, probing pocket depth and clinical attachment level were recorded at baseline, 1 month and 3 months.: Intergroup analysis of all the clinical parameters showed clinically significant results between baseline, 1 month and 3 months. However, on intragroup analysis, the results were significant between baseline and 1 month in group B only.: Nano bio fusion gingival gel and chlorhexidine gel can be a good adjunct to phase 1 periodontal therapy for treating chronic periodontitis. All the clinical parameters measured were reduced from baseline to 1 month and 3 months.

Non-Animal Stabilized Hyaluronic Acid (NASHA) Gel Marker vs. Surgical Clips for Tumor Bed Delineation in Breast Cancer Using MR-Simulation

Consistent delineation of the tumor bed (TB) after breast conserving surgery (BCS) is critical and remains a challenge with increasing prevalence of oncoplastic surgeries. Clips are generally used to help TB identification on CT-simulation but they are not well identified on MR-simulation. The aim of this study is to assess whether the use of NASHA gel with MR-simulation yields similar interobserver variability (inter-OV) compared to clips with CT-simulation. This prospective single arm feasibility study included patients eligible for BCS. After lumpectomy, the surgeon placed both clips (>5) and NASHA gel drops as markers to define the TB. Patients underwent CT and MRI simulation scans. Five radiation oncologists and one radiologist delineated the TB aided by clips on CT, and gel on MRI. The observers also assessed the visibility and utility of the gel (scale from 1 to 10), as well as the cavity visualization score (CVS, scale from 1 to 5). The primary endpoint was the inter-OV of the delineated TB using the overlap difference of contours using clips and CT versus gel and MRI, with the conformity index measured according to the pair definition of the Dice Similarity Coefficient (DSC). Of the 35 patients recruited, 30 were eligible for inter-OV analysis of TB delineation and 5 patients required further breast surgery for positive margins. One third of the eligible patients underwent an oncoplastic procedure. There were no significant differences between inter-OV of delineated TB using clips and CT versus gel and T2-weighted MRI with the mean DSC (0.60 vs 0.62, p = 0.364). The observers reported higher usefulness of gel in patients with an oncoplastic procedure than not (median US 8.2 vs 6.6, p = 0.024), and higher visibility of gel in patients who had their scans within 6 weeks than beyond post-op (median VS 8.1 vs 6.1, p = 0.013). When the CVS was higher (3-5), the median US of gel was lower (5.9 vs 7.8, p = 0.004), and the conformity index of clip and CT delineated TB was higher (median DSC 0.72 vs 0.53, p <0.001). Interestingly, a higher CVS did not lead to significantly higher conformity index of gel and T2-weighted MR delineated TB (mean DSC 0.67 vs 0.58, p = 0.073). NASHA gel injection added a median of 3 minutes to the operating theatre (OT) time and was rated as 'easy' in 89% of cases by surgeons. There were no immediate adverse events (AE) in OT, while 2 of 35 patients later experienced a grade 3 AE - hematoma which required evacuation in OT day 1 post-BCS, and infected seroma which required drainage and washout in OT 2 months post-BCS and axillary dissection. These reflect common risks with standard BCS and are not clearly attributed to gel injection alone. Use of NASHA gel leads to similar inter-OV of BC TB delineation compared to >5 clips. NASHA gel is hence a reliable alternative to clips when MR-simulation is used.

Evaluating Response Trends of Chlormethine/Mechlorethamine Gel in Patients With Stage I-IIA Mycosis Fungoides: Analysis of Individual Patient Data From a Randomized Controlled Phase II Study to Facilitate Optimal Treatment Experiences

IntroductionChlormethine (CL) gel was approved for treatment of mycosis fungoides based on the pivotal 201 trial (NCT00168064). Data visualization from individual patients is a powerful tool for discovery of hidden treatment trends. Here, we present a post hoc analysis of individual patient data from the pivotal trial to provide a more granular depiction of treatment and response changes over time, with an emphasis on end of treatment status. Materials and MethodsIndividual patient response data were plotted over a 12-month treatment period to visualize patient experiences while using CL gel. Responder status was assigned according to end-of-treatment Composite Assessment of Index Lesion Severity (CAILS) score, and patients were classified as early (≤4 months) or late responders based on timing of response. Baseline and active treatment characteristics were compared between early and late responders, and baseline body surface area (BSA) was compared between responders and patients with stable or progressive disease. ResultsData from 123 patients with baseline and postbaseline results were included. At the end of treatment, 64.2%/55.3% were responders, 30.9%/34.1% had stable disease, and 4.9%/10.6% had progressive disease by CAILS and mSWAT, respectively. Among patients who responded to treatment, 64.6% and 35.4% were early and late responders, respectively. Response pattern analysis also identified patients with an intermittent response or initial progressive disease. Baseline BSA was not associated with responder status. Late responders had longer treatment duration and higher postbaseline plaque elevation, while early responders had a higher frequency of dermatitis. ConclusionsResults presented here can facilitate optimal treatment experiences for patients starting CL gel.

Effectiveness of hyaluronic acid-based anti-adhesion gel for intraoperative prevention of postoperative adhesions in surgical correction of distal occlusion of the fallopian tubes: Prospective cohort study

Aim. To evaluate the effectiveness of hyaluronic acid anti-adhesion gel in surgical correction of distal tubal occlusion in restoring natural fertility in patients with infertility.&#x0D; Materials and methods. A prospective cohort study was conducted. The main group (group 1) included 54 women; the comparison group (group 2) included 58 women with tuboperitoneal infertility due to distal occlusion of the fallopian tubes. In group 1 patients, at the final stage of endoscopic reconstructive plastic surgery on the surface of the fallopian tubes, anti-adhesion barrier Anti-adhesion was applied (5 mL per each operated fallopian tube). Primary outcomes (patency of the fallopian tubes after 3 months) and secondary outcomes (onset of uterine pregnancy during the first year) were assessed. Statistical results were processed using the IBM SPSS Statistics version 25.0 software package.&#x0D; Results. Within 3 months after surgical treatment, the patency of the fallopian tubes was reported in 32 (59.3%) group 1 patients and 24 (41.4%) group 2 patients (2=3.445; p=0.064). The rate of uterine pregnancy in group 1 during the first year after surgical treatment was significantly higher than in group 2: 21 (38.9%) and 12 (20.7%) women, respectively (2=4.447; p=0.035).&#x0D; Conclusion. Endoscopic reconstructive plastic surgeries using hyaluronic acid-based anti-adhesion gel in patients with distal tubal occlusion slightly reduces the frequency of postoperative reocclusions of the fallopian tubes within 3 months after surgical treatment and significantly increase the rate of uterine pregnancy during the year after surgery mainly due to patients with grade IIIIV of adhesive process in the pelvis.

Evaluation of oral care using MA-T gel for high-risk patients: a pilot study

BackgroundOral care with gel is a common method for preventing aspiration in high-risk patients. An oral care gel is used to clean and moisturize the oral cavity. However, the effects of gel care on the oral bacteria remain unclear. In this pilot study, we described a matching transformation system (MA-T) for elderly high-risk patients. MA-T is an on-demand aqueous chlorine dioxide solution that provides excellent safety and has various antimicrobial activities, even in the presence of abundant organic compounds. This study investigated the effects of MA-T gel in patients requiring nursing care.Materials and methodsPatients who were hospitalized for nursing care were included in this study. No drugs and foods were administered orally. Oral bacteria and intraoral humidity were examined by daily care using MA-T gel. Moreover, oral membranous substances were analyzed and material from the oral cavity was cultured on selective media for identifying opportunistic organisms.ResultsMembranous substances were present in the oral cavities of all patients. The number of bacteria decreased, and oral moisture improved, after treatment with MA-T gel. Moreover, oral humidity was also controlled with the continued use of MA-T gel. MA-T gels should be used not only for professional care but also on a daily basis for better oral care. Furthermore, the results of bacterial cultures showed that MA-T controls the propagation of opportunistic bacterial infections.ConclusionMembranous substances may be observed in the oral cavity of individuals requiring nursing care for tube feeding. The results of this pilot study suggest that MA-T, a novel disinfectant, can be used for oral care in the elderly to reduce the risk of aspiration-pneumonia.

Efficacy of Topical 2% Clindamycin Gel Versus 5% Nicotinamide Gel in Patients with Mild to Moderate Acne

Objective: To compare the efficacy of topical 5% Nicotinamide gel versus 2% Clindamycin gel in patients with mild to moderate acne.&#x0D; Study Design: Comparative cross-sectional study.&#x0D; Place and Duration of Study: Department of Dermatology, Combined Military Hospital, Quetta Pakistan, from Jan to Jun 2019.&#x0D; Methodology: Patients with mild to moderate acne were enrolled in the study. A total of 372 patients were randomly and equally divided into two groups, Group-A (Clindamycin) and Group-B (Nicotinamide). Response to treatment was graded according to Acne Global Severity Score. Scoring was done in both groups at the start and after eight weeks of therapy.Therapy was considered efficacious if there was at least 2 step improvement in post-therapy scores compared to pre-therapy scores.Results: Total number of patients included was 372. Group-A (Clindamycin-Group) had 186 patients, of which 67 were males,and 119 were females. In Group-B (Nicotinamide-Group), out of 186 patients, 62 were males, and 124 were females. Regarding the treatment results, Clindamycin was found to be 31% efficacious, whereas the efficacy of Nicotinamide was 34.7% (pvalue=0.127).&#x0D; Conclusion: There is no significant difference in the efficacy of Clindamycin and Nicotinamide in treating mild to moderate acne.&#x0D;

Efficacy of Autologous Serum Gel in Neurotrophic Persistent Corneal Epithelial Defects Combined with Lagophthalmos.

To investigate the efficacy of autologous serum gel in patients with lagophthalmos combined with neurotrophic persistent corneal epithelial defects (PEDs). This is retrospective, case-series study enrolled 15 patients with lagophthalmos complicated by neurotrophic PEDs refractory to medical treatment including autologous serum eye drops. They were treated with autologous serum gel in conjunction with conservative treatment. The following information was collected from medical records: demographics, underlying diseases, and past ocular history. PEDs healing time was evaluated with visual acuity, visual analog scale (VAS) scores, esthesiometer scores, and the areas of the epithelial defects. Six men and nine women with a mean age of 63.3 ± 9.9years were included. The most common cause of the neurotrophic PEDs and lagophthalmos in this group was postherpetic infection (46.7%) and cerebral hemorrhage (26.7%) each. Two months following treatment with autologous serum gel, there was a reduction in the area of the epithelial defects (from 19.2 ± 9.9 to 0.6 ± 1.5mm2) and a significant improvement in best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) (from 0.8 ± 0.5 to 0.5 ± 0.4 logMAR) and VAS scores (from 5.1 ± 1.1 to 2.1 ± 0.6) in 13 eyes (87%). Among the 11 completely healed eyes, the mean epithelial healing time was 3.2 ± 1.8weeks. Autologous serum gel reduces symptoms and promotes corneal epithelialization of refractory neurotrophic PEDs in patients with lagophthalmos. Therefore, it may be well tolerated and a beneficial addition in the management of neurotrophic PEDs in patients with lagophthalmos.

Clinical efficacy of the new dental gel based on dihydroquercetin in the treatment of patients with inflammatory periodontal diseases

On the basis of periodontal indices, the anti-plaque and anti-inflammatory effect of the gel composition of the new domestic drug, the main active ingredient of which is dihydroquercetin contained in the bark of Siberian larch, which has an antioxidant and antihypoxant effect, was studied. From practically healthy patients aged 18 to 40 years with inflammatory changes in the marginal periodontium (with chronic catarrhal gingivitis and mild periodontitis) without serious concomitant diseases, 2 groups were formed — control (group "A") and experience (group "B"), 30 people in each group. Patients were not separated by gender. At the first stage, patients were taught the rules of brushing their teeth and hygienic care of the oral cavity using demonstration phantoms. Then, after antiseptic treatment of the marginal periodontium and application anesthesia, dental deposits were removed for patients of both groups. At this point, treatment intervention for patients in the control group (Group B) was limited. Patients of group A were additionally prescribed applications of a therapeutic gel. Patients applied the drug to the gums previously dried with a cotton swab from the outer and inner surfaces on their own with a frequency of 3 times a day after demonstrating the rules for the procedure and monitoring by the specialist the correctness of its implementation by the patients themselves.&#x0D; The clinical condition of the soft tissues in patients of both groups was monitored before the start of treatment, after 3, 7 and 14 days based on a number of indices: Silness-Loe, PMA and Mulleman).&#x0D; The Muhleman Index values in patients before treatment in both groups were 2.4±0.5 and 2.3±0.5 c.u. (conventional unit)., respectively. In subsequent terms, after 3, 7 and 14 days, the index values progressively decreased. 3 days after the removal of dental deposits, the index values significantly decreased: to 1.7±0.5 c.u. in the first and up to 1.9±0.6 c.u. in the second (p&lt;0.05) group of patients. After 7 days, the bleeding index progressively decreased also in both groups, but less intensively. Moreover, the index in patients in group A was 1.1±0.4 and in patients in group B 1.5±0.5 and 0.5±0.1 c.u. Most clearly, the difference in the effect manifested itself on the 14-th day: 0.5±0.3 units. in patients of group A and 1±0.5 c.u. in patients in group B (in all cases p&lt;0,05). The dynamics of the RMA inflammation index turned out to be very comparable with the dynamics of the Muhleman index in patients of both groups.&#x0D; The initial training in the rules of brushing the teeth made it possible to achieve an ideal cleansing of the oral cavity in both groups of patients, and the achieved effect was maintained throughout the study period. This confirmed the decrease in the Silness-Loe plaque index to almost zero, despite the fact that before the start of the study its values were the same and reached almost the maximum value: 2,4 c.u. in patients. of both groups. Characteristically, after 3 days, the index value in patients in both groups decreased almost identically to a value of 0.8 c.u., and after 7 and 14 days — almost to zero.&#x0D; This fact allowed us to attribute the achieved anti-inflammatory effect not due to more thorough brushing of teeth during the experiment, but precisely due to the therapeutic effect of the applied gel.&#x0D; The presented numerical data of clinical indicators were confirmed by the results of statistical processing using the Student's method with the determination of the reliability criterion.&#x0D; Examination and questioning of patients made it possible to establish the absence of negative clinical and organoleptic sensations from the use of the gel in patients of both groups.&#x0D; The data obtained made it possible to establish a pronounced anti-inflammatory effect of the therapeutic gel "Flamena stom." and to recommend the gel for use in wide clinical practice as part of the complex treatment of patients with inflammatory periodontal diseases.

Clinical efficacy of the new dental gel based on dihydroquercetin in the treatment of patients with inflammatory periodontal diseases

On the basis of periodontal indices, the anti-plaque and anti-inflammatory effect of the gel composition of the new domestic drug, the main active ingredient of which is dihydroquercetin contained in the bark of Siberian larch, which has an antioxidant and antihypoxant effect, was studied. From practically healthy patients aged 18 to 40 years with inflammatory changes in the marginal periodontium (with chronic catarrhal gingivitis and mild periodontitis) without serious concomitant diseases, 2 groups were formed — control (group "A") and experience (group "B"), 30 people in each group. Patients were not separated by gender. At the first stage, patients were taught the rules of brushing their teeth and hygienic care of the oral cavity using demonstration phantoms. Then, after antiseptic treatment of the marginal periodontium and application anesthesia, dental deposits were removed for patients of both groups. At this point, treatment intervention for patients in the control group (Group B) was limited. Patients of group A were additionally prescribed applications of a therapeutic gel. Patients applied the drug to the gums previously dried with a cotton swab from the outer and inner surfaces on their own with a frequency of 3 times a day after demonstrating the rules for the procedure and monitoring by the specialist the correctness of its implementation by the patients themselves.&#x0D; The clinical condition of the soft tissues in patients of both groups was monitored before the start of treatment, after 3, 7 and 14 days based on a number of indices: Silness-Loe, PMA and Mulleman).&#x0D; The Muhleman Index values in patients before treatment in both groups were 2.4±0.5 and 2.3±0.5 c.u. (conventional unit)., respectively. In subsequent terms, after 3, 7 and 14 days, the index values progressively decreased. 3 days after the removal of dental deposits, the index values significantly decreased: to 1.7±0.5 c.u. in the first and up to 1.9±0.6 c.u. in the second (p&lt;0.05) group of patients. After 7 days, the bleeding index progressively decreased also in both groups, but less intensively. Moreover, the index in patients in group A was 1.1±0.4 and in patients in group B 1.5±0.5 and 0.5±0.1 c.u. Most clearly, the difference in the effect manifested itself on the 14-th day: 0.5±0.3 units. in patients of group A and 1±0.5 c.u. in patients in group B (in all cases p&lt;0,05). The dynamics of the RMA inflammation index turned out to be very comparable with the dynamics of the Muhleman index in patients of both groups.&#x0D; The initial training in the rules of brushing the teeth made it possible to achieve an ideal cleansing of the oral cavity in both groups of patients, and the achieved effect was maintained throughout the study period. This confirmed the decrease in the Silness-Loe plaque index to almost zero, despite the fact that before the start of the study its values were the same and reached almost the maximum value: 2,4 c.u. in patients. of both groups. Characteristically, after 3 days, the index value in patients in both groups decreased almost identically to a value of 0.8 c.u., and after 7 and 14 days — almost to zero.&#x0D; This fact allowed us to attribute the achieved anti-inflammatory effect not due to more thorough brushing of teeth during the experiment, but precisely due to the therapeutic effect of the applied gel.&#x0D; The presented numerical data of clinical indicators were confirmed by the results of statistical processing using the Student's method with the determination of the reliability criterion.&#x0D; Examination and questioning of patients made it possible to establish the absence of negative clinical and organoleptic sensations from the use of the gel in patients of both groups.&#x0D; The data obtained made it possible to establish a pronounced anti-inflammatory effect of the therapeutic gel "Flamena stom." and to recommend the gel for use in wide clinical practice as part of the complex treatment of patients with inflammatory periodontal diseases.