Gateway Discovery Protocol Research Articles

A Secure Gateway Discovery Protocol Using Rabin Signature Scheme in MANET

Mobile ad hoc network is a compilation of various mobile nodes that form the network temporarily and then communicate with each other. The integration of the MANET with the internet enhances the network area and increases the application field of MANET. Different techniques have been proposed for the internet and MANET integration but they mostly work in non-conflicting environment. Due to the congestion in the network, malicious nodes misbehave in the route discovery process. Therefore, integrated internet MANET will not be prevailing without a feasible security solution due to energy constraint and wireless link. In this paper, a secure gateway discovery protocol is proposed that uses sign encryption mechanism that ensures confidentiality goal in heterogeneous environments. Registration process was included to remove the malicious nodes. The proposed protocol removes the threat of anti-confidentiality, anti – authentication and anti - duplication. The efficiency of this protocol is shown through AVISPA tool.

Improvement of Adaptive Load Balanced Gateway Discovery Protocol in Hybrid Integrated Internet-MANET

<p class="0abstract">Internetworking of different types of networks is envisaged as one of the primary objectives of the future 5G networks. Integrated Internet-MANET is a heterogeneous networking architecture which is the result of interconnecting wired Internet and wireless MANET. Multiprotocol gateways are used to achieve this interconnection. There are two types of Integrated Internet-MANET architectures, two-tier and three-tier. A combination of two-tier and three tier architectures also exists, called the Hybrid Framework or Hybrid Integrated Internet-MANET. Some of the most important issues common to all Integrated Internet-MANET architecture are: efficient gateway discovery, mobile node registration and gateway load balancing. Adaptive WLB-AODV is an existing protocol which addresses the issues of Gateway load balancing and efficient Gateway discovery. In this paper, an improvement is proposed to Adaptive WLB-AODV, called Adaptive Modified-WLV-AODV by taking into account route latency. The proposed protocol has been implemented in Hybrid Integrated Internet-MANET and has been simulated using network simulation tool ns-2. Based on the simulation results, it is observed that the proposed protocol delivers better performance than the existing protocol in terms of performance metrics end-to-end delay and packet loss ratio. The performance of the proposed protocol is further optimized using a genetic algorithm.</p>

Towards a secure hybrid adaptive gateway discovery mechanism for intelligent transportation systems

AbstractIn the recent years, we are witnessing a growing interest into the design of smart vehicles and smart roads for Intelligent transportation systems. Vehicles as part of the Internet of Things should provide to the driver and passenger with a variety of services using efficient gateway discovery mechanism while maintaining a certain level of security and authentication to avoid potential malicious attacks. In this paper, we propose a secure hybrid adaptive gateway discovery and communication protocol for smart vehicular networks, which we refer to as SEGAL. Our proposed SEGAL protocol is based upon building a secure clustered vehicular network, and permits the exchange of gateway discovery messages through authenticated clusterheads and cluster members. We shall present the design of our protocol, and describe how it can overcome the possible malicious attacks that might harm the network. Then, we report its efficiency and scalability using an extensive set of simulation experiments using Ns‐2 simulator. Our results indicate that the proposed SEGAL protocol is scalable while achieving high success rate, low response time and dropping rate. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

A reliable quality of service aware fault tolerant gateway discovery protocol for vehicular networks

AbstractA great interest in vehicular ad‐hoc networks has been noticed by the research community. General goals of vehicular networks are to enhance safety on the road and to ensure the convenience of passengers by continuously providing them, in real time, with information and entertainment options such as routes to destinations, traffic conditions, facilities' information, and multimedia/Internet access. Indeed, time efficient systems that have high connectivity and low bandwidth usage are most needed to cope with realistic traffic mobility conditions. One foundation of such a system is the design of an efficient gateway discovery protocol that guarantees robust connectivity between vehicles, while assuring Internet access. Little work has been performed on how to concurrently integrate load balancing, quality of service (QoS), and fault tolerant mechanisms into these protocols. In this paper, we propose a reliable QoS‐aware and location aided gateway discovery protocol for vehicular networks by the name of fault tolerant location‐based gateway advertisement and discovery. One of the features of this protocol is its ability to tolerate gateway routers and/or road vehicle failure. Moreover, this protocol takes into consideration the aspects of the QoS requirements specified by the gateway requesters; furthermore, the protocol insures load balancing on the gateways as well as on the routes between gateways and gateway clients. We discuss its implementation and report on its performance in contrast with similar protocols through extensive simulation experiments using the ns‐2 simulator. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Research of Ad Hoc Networks Access Algorithm

Abstract With the continuous development of mobile communication technology, Ad Hoc access network has become a hot research, Ad Hoc access network nodes can be used to expand capacity of multi-hop communication range of mobile communication system, even business adjacent to the community, improve edge data rates. When the ad hoc network is the access network of the internet, the gateway discovery protocol is very important to choose the most appropriate gateway to guarantee the connectivity between ad hoc network and IP based fixed networks. The paper proposes a QoS gateway discovery protocol which uses the time delay and stable route to the gateway selection conditions. And according to the gateway discovery protocol, it also proposes a fast handover scheme which can decrease the handover time and improve the handover efficiency.

Route selection in IEEE 802.11 wireless mesh networks

This paper addresses the problem of route selection in IEEE 802.11 based Wireless Mesh Networks (WMNs). Traditional routing protocols choose the shortest path between two routers. However, recent research reveals that there can be enormous differences between links in terms of quality (link loss ratio, interference, noise etc) and therefore selecting the shortest path (hop count metric) is a poor choice. We propose a novel routing metric--Expected Link Performance (ELP) metric for wireless mesh networks which takes into consideration multiple factors pertaining to quality (link loss ratio, link capacity and link interference) to select the best end-to-end route. Simulation based performance evaluation of ELP against contemporary routing metrics shows an improvement in terms of throughput and delay. Moreover, we propose an extension of the metric called ELP-Gateway Selection (ELP-GS) which is an extension meant for traffic specifically oriented towards the gateway nodes in the mesh network. We also propose a gateway discovery protocol which facilitates the dissemination of ELP-GS in the network. Simulation results for ELP-GS show substantial improvement in performance.

QoS-aware Internet access schemes for wireless mobile ad hoc networks

Recently, the idea of integrating mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs) and the Internet are being explored to expand the reach of the Internet to MANET access networks. It will get us one step closer to the goal of ubiquitous Internet which is accessible anytime and anywhere. Among others, Internet gateway discovery and selection schemes pose more fundamental challenge to the problem. In this paper, we propose a load-adaptive access gateway discovery protocol and a QoS-enabled access gateway selection scheme that can exploit relevant network conditions. The gateway discovery protocol dynamically adjusts its proactive area according to network traffic. Among a set of the discovered candidate gateways, one is selected based on the number of hops to and the capability of them. Our performance evaluation study shows that the load-adaptive access gateway discovery and QoS-enabled selection schemes outperform existing mechanisms over various simulation scenarios.

MeGaDiP: A wide-area Media Gateway Discovery Protocol

In wide-area and heterogeneous environments, it is necessary to deploy media gateways at strategic locations within the networks, in order to deliver customized and compose-able multimedia services to individual users. In many cases, media gateways have to be dynamically discovered, because (1) a host may not know a priori all the media gateways it will possibly use, and (2) the change of host location or end-to-end resource condition can make a known media gateway no longer useful. However, current general service location mechanisms are not sufficient to perform media gateway discovery. In this paper, we present MeGaDiP, a wide-area Media Gateway Discovery Protocol. It is based on the same basic architecture of the general service location mechanisms, and can be seen as a discovery heuristics that will be invoked first when discovering a media gateway. The key properties of MeGaDiP include: (1) awareness of both source and destination end hosts: any discovered media gateway will not create an excessively long path between the end hosts via the gateway; (2) resource-awareness: any discovered media gateway is likely to have sufficient end-to-end resources to perform its service; (3) return of discovery results with low latency and high validity by caching and resource validation; (4) small amount of management traffic, regardless of the number of media gateways and end hosts in the environment. Furthermore, an extension to MeGaDiP using a hierarchical architecture is proposed to improve the discovery success rate. The initial performance results from both our prototype implementation and simulation show the soundness of MeGaDiP.