Gastroscopic Study Research Articles

Association between the levels of serum cortisol and the presence of gastric ulcers in working mules

Association between the levels of serum cortisol and the presence of gastric ulcers in working mules

Modern possibilities and prospects of early diagnosis of stomach cancer

The review includes 70 articles, most of which have been published for the last 5 years. The aim of the review : explore the modern possibilities and prospects of early diagnosis of stomach cancer. In 2018 in Russia, the mortality rate within one year after the diagnosis was 47.4%. Leading experts in luminal endoscopy from Japan, where more than 60% cases of stomach cancer are detected at an early stage, recommend using advanced endoscopic equipment for routine diagnostics, which allows enlarging the image, examining the capillaries of the mucosa and taking series of pictures. Artificial intelligence improves accuracy. Gastroscopic study with artificial intelligence compensates errors and limited capabilities of people, and provides greater accuracy. However, this technology is expensive, and esophagogastroduodenoscopy itself is an invasive method and can be used only in a clinical setting. In patients with a detectable lesion, a biopsy should be performed. It is important to obtain a sufficient amount of tissue when collecting material, however, many patients take anticoagulants, and thus sampling of numerous fragments can lead to bleeding. Given the limitations of esophagogastroduodenoscopy with biopsy and the fact that only 12.4% cases of stomach cancer in 2018 in Russia identified on the stage I, the searching of effective diagnostic tools is still relevant. MicroRNAs have been in the «cancer research arena» for over 10 years and are considered biomarkers that can help to differentiate between the patients with normal range, dysplasia and those with cancer. MicroRNA regulates all vital processes of a cell, moreover, they are stable and easily extracted from various biological materials, including tissues, blood, feces, saliva, ascitic fluid and even paraffin blocks. And although microRNAs are only entering clinical practice, the results obtained are encouraging.

Gastroscopic Study of Meloxicam, Tramadol, and Their Combined Administration on the Development of Gastric Injuries in Dogs

Opioid and non-steroid anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are commonly used to manage post-operative pain that may be chronically extended. Although NSAIDs have been approved for their analgesic effects in canine, they are mostly known to be associated with side effects, particularly gastric ulcers. In the present study, we evaluated short-term co-administration of meloxicam and tramadol to see if this could induce more gastric ulcers than that observed when using these drugs individually. Twenty adult mixed domestic dogs weighing 10 to 20 kg of both sexes, were randomly assigned to four groups of five dogs. In the control group, placebo was administered orally (twice a day), whereas the test groups received tramadol (per OS) twice a day, meloxicam (per OS) daily, and a combination of tramadol (twice a day) and meloxicam (daily) for ten days, respectively. The animals were evaluated for gastric injuries on days 0, 6, 11, 16 and 21 by endoscopy under general anesthesia. Clinical signs of all animals including fecal consistency, appetite, mental and hydration statuses, tempreture, heart rate and respiratory rate were evaluated daily. Based on our results, there was no significant difference between the experimental and control groups. In conclusion, our study demonstrated that a 10-day oral coadministration of tramadol and meloxicam had no deleterious effects on general health status and gastric mucosa in dogs.

Gastric metastasis of ectopic breast cancer mimicking axillary metastasis of primary gastric cancer.

Ectopic breast tissue has the ability to undergo all the pathological changes of the normal breast, including breast cancer. Gastrointestinal metastasis of breast cancer is rarely observed and it is very difficult to differentiate gastric metastases from primary gastric cancer. We present a case of 52-year-old female, who suffered from abdominal pain. Physical examination showed a palpable mass in the left anterior axilla and computerized tomography revealed gastric wall thickening with linitis plastica. When gastroscopic biopsy showed no signs of malignancy, excisional biopsy was performed in the left axilla. Histological examination revealed invasive lobular carcinoma of the breast, consistent with ectopic breast cancer. Further gastroscopic submucosal biopsies and immunohistochemical studies revealed gastric metastases of invasive lobular carcinoma. Axillary ectopic breast tissue carcinomas can mimic axillary lymphadenopathies. Additionally, gastric metastasis of breast cancer is an uncommon but possible condition. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of ectopic breast cancer with gastric metastasis.

S1126 High Prevalence of Intestinal Metaplasia and Dysplasia in a Multi-Center Gastroscopic Screening Study in Asia-Pacific Region

S1126 High Prevalence of Intestinal Metaplasia and Dysplasia in a Multi-Center Gastroscopic Screening Study in Asia-Pacific Region

Achados gastroscópicos em eqüinos adultos assintomáticos

Avaliaram-se pela gastroscopia 21 eqüinos adultos sem manifestações clínicas. A prevalência de úlceras gástricas foi alta, 47,6%, principalmente ao longo do margo plicatus, embora de baixa gravidade. Gastrite leve ou moderada da mucosa glandular constituiu um achado comum em eqüinos adultos assintomáticos submetidos a jejum para exame gastroscópico. A ocorrência de Habronema sp. foi alta, 28,6%, o que resultou em gastrite catarral crônica.

Comparative Evaluation between Chronological Changes of Peripheral Leukocyte Count during Bronchoscopic and Gastroscopic Studies

Comparative Evaluation between Chronological Changes of Peripheral Leukocyte Count during Bronchoscopic and Gastroscopic Studies

A gastroscopic study of the predictive value of risk factors for non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug-associated ulcer disease in rheumatoid arthritis patients.

Peptic ulcer disease (PUD) in RA patients is associated with NSAID use. This study aimed to validate the predictive value of presumed risk factors for NSAID-associated PUD in a prospective gastroscopic study in RA patients. Eighty-one NSAID using RA patients were prospectively divided into four presumed risk groups according to Helicobacter pylori status and history of PUD. As additional risk factors the following were analysed: upper gastrointestinal GI complaints; disability; daily dose of NSAID and antral gastritis. The presence of PUD in the four risk groups did not differ. Additionally it was found that a history of PUD was predictive for current PUD [odds ratio (OR) 3.9; 95% CI 1.1-14]. H. pylori status was not predictive. Transformation from one ulcer type to another was rare. NSAID dose was not a risk factor, while disability was of borderline importance (OR 2.1; 95% CI 1-4.8). Current upper GI complaints were bad predictors. PUD only occurred with a concomitant antral gastritis. A history of PUD, disability and antral gastritis were the most important predictors for current PUD. When an ulcer relapsed it was of the same ulcer type as had been present earlier. This may have practical implications for prophylaxis enabling stratification by previous ulcer type.

Gastroscopic and pharmacokinetic evaluation of a new pivmecillinam tablet.

Three different pivmecillinam preparations, a conventional 200 mg tablet (P tablet) and two new formulations containing respectively pivmecillinam 200 mg and 400 mg plus Avicel (microcrystalline cellulose) as a disintegrator (PA tablet), were compared in vitro and in a gastroscopic study in 8 healthy volunteers. Disintegration of the PA tablet was significantly more rapid both in vitro and in the stomach. Following disintegration, the content of the PA tablet was spread over a larger area of the gastric mucosa (1088 mm2) than was observed with the P tablets (408 mm2). Three of the 8 volunteers taking the P tablet developed hyperaemia, interstitial bleeding or erosions of the mucosa of the stomach. No such reactions were seen with the PA tablets. Serum concentrations of mecillinam following ingestion of pivmecillinam tablets were determined in three groups of subjects; fasting volunteers, both supine and ambulant, and in ambulant subjects who took the preparation with a light meal. There was a tendency for the new PA tablets to produce a higher peak serum level as well as greater bioavailability of mecillinam. Administration of the PA tablets with a meal significantly increased the peak serum level and total bioavailability of the drug. On the basis of our observations we recommend adoption of the new PA tablet, because of its quick passage through the oesophagus and its more rapid and complete disintegration in the stomach.

Endoscopic study of the gastro-intestinal tolerance of glucamethacin

A gastroscopic study was carried out in patients with rheumatic disorders to investigate the gastric tolerance of glucamethacin, a new, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent. The first stage was a double-blind crossover comparison of the effects of glucamethacin (420 mg/day) and indomethacin (100 mg/day), each given for 15 days in random order to 30 patients. In the second, open stage, 70 such patients, most of whom also had gastrointestinal pathology, received glucamethacin (420 mg/day) for 25 days. The results of endoscopic findings showed that significantly fewer (p less than 0.05) gastric lesions were produced after treatment with glucamethacin than after indomethacin. In the patients with gastro-duodenal pathology treated only with glucamethacin there was no change in endoscopy findings in 74% of the patients and only slight changes in the others.

The gastroscopic yield from the negative upper gastrointestinal series

In a series of nearly 2300 patients, there were 843 normal or negative upper gastrointestinal roentgen examinations. Indications for gastroscopic study were primarily abdominal pain and anemia or bleeding. Thirteen percent of patients with normal or negative x-ray examination of the upper gastrointestinal tract showed significant lesions, including 59 gastric ulcers and 4 cancers, by gastroscopy.

The effect of life environmental factors on the gastric ulcer recrudescence and recurrence

The patients working in a ship yard, who suffered from gastric ulcer, were examined to study the influence of their life environmental factors on the gastric ulcer recurrence and recrudescence. The results obtained were as the followings; 1. In the gastroscopic demonstration of gastric ulcer, the cases of recurrent ulcer could not clearly be differed from those of not recurrent. 2. In the studies of their life environment and the analysis of both mecholyland C.M.I.~test, the results from a group followed by recurrent ulcer fail to be distinguished from the other not followed. 3. Night duty, overwork, taking adrenal steroid hormone, severe emotional strain about work and so on may play a important role in the factors of ulcer recurrence. 4. As the complete healing of gastric ulcer has unlikely taken place during the determination of redness by gastroscopic studies, the medical treatment should be continued for about more 6 months and the patients should be kept away from both night duty and overwork.

T N M classification for stomach cancer.

A uniform system for classification of stomach cancer was developed following a field trial study among 7 participating institutions. Case records of 1,241 patients were submitted for analysis. Clinical, radiographic, or gastroscopic studies and biopsy of the primary tumor or metastases provided the information necessary to stage a stomach cancer. The stage classification developed was based upon the anatomical extent of the cancer found at the time of surgical exploration of the abdomen, or on clinical examination in case of advanced disease. Survivorship was dependent upon the extent of the penetration of the gastric wall by the primary tumor. The longest survival of patients occurred when the tumor was confined to the mucosal level of the stomach wall. As the depth of penetration increased, the survivorship decreased. Once the neoplasm involved the regional lymph nodes, a marked reduction in survivorship was demonstrated. In the presence of distant metastases, there was seldom survival beyond 3 years.

The differential diagnosis of benign prolapse of gastric mucosa.

Article1 January 1955THE DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS OF BENIGN PROLAPSE OF GASTRIC MUCOSAJACOB LICHSTEIN, M.D., F.A.C.P.JACOB LICHSTEIN, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-42-1-44 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptThe phenomenon of benign prolapse of gastric mucosa into the duodenum has engaged the interest of a number of clinical observers, and the bibliography on the subject has recently assumed considerable proportions. In a previous communication1we correlated the clinical, roentgenologic and gastroscopic findings in a series of 52 cases of prolapse of gastric mucosa. An attempt was made at that time to evaluate the possible associated factors in this syndrome of abnormal gastric motility, and to define its clinical status more clearly. In this study we came to realize that other lesions of the pylorus and duodenum simulated the...Bibliography1. LichsteinAsher JL (a) : Benign gastric prolapse. A clinical, roentgenologic and gastroscopic study, J. A. M. A. 151: 720-724, 1953. (b) Feldman, M., and Myers, P.: The roentgen diagnosis of prolapse of the gastric mucosa into the duodenum, Gastroenterology 20: 90-99 (Jan.) 1952. (Full bibliography on prolapse.) (c) Manning, I. H., Jr., and Gunter, J. V.: Prolapse of redundant gastric mucosa through the pyloric canal into the duodenum, Am. J. Path. 26: 57-73 (Jan.) 1950. MedlineGoogle Scholar2. LevinFelson EJB: Asymptomatic gastric mucosal prolapse, Radiology 57: 514-520 (Oct.) 1951. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. RappaportAlperRappaport EMAEO: Failure of surgery to relieve symptoms in prolapse of the gastric mucosa through the pylorus, Ann. Int. Med. 38: 224-234 (Feb.) 1953. LinkGoogle Scholar4. Golden R: Antral gastritis and spasm, J. A. M. A. 109: 1497-1500, 1937. CrossrefGoogle Scholar5. Berg HM: Antral gastritis, Radiology 59: 324-325 (Sept.) 1952. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar6. YarnisMarshakFriedman HRAI: Gastric polyps, J. A. M. A. 148: 1088-1094 (Mar.) 1952. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Los Angeles, California*Received for publication January 22, 1954.From the University of Southern California School of Medicine, Cedars of Lebanon Hospital and Los Angeles County Hospital, Los Angeles, California. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byMiscellaneous gastric lesions 1 January 1955Volume 42, Issue 1Page: 44-58KeywordsDuodenumGastric mucosaGastroenterology and hepatologyHospital medicineLesions ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 January 1955 PDF downloadLoading ...

Chronic superficial gastritis: observations on clinical and histopathologic significance.

1. Clinical investigation of 83 patients with chronic superficial gastritis revealed that in most cases there were other diseases present which were better explanations for the complaints than the gastritis. It appeared, however, that the gastritis had been particularly important as a source of hemorrhage, by the spontaneous development of multiple mucosal erosions. Serial gastroscopic studies showed that chronic superficial gastritis is often far from a “chronic” process, in some patients changing appreciably within a week. 2. Study of biopsied mucosal specimens indicated that most of the significant microscopic disease was centered about necrobiosis of the glandular-foveolar junctions, with diffuse chronic inflammatory infiltration of the lamina propria of the foveolar layer.

Gastroscopy in the Evaluation of Patients with Peptic Ulcer

The object of this paper is to discuss the value and limitations of gastroscopy as a diagnostic aid and as a guide to the efficacy of therapy in patients with duodenal, gastric, and stomal ulcers. A gastroscopic study may readily be made in fasting patients on an ambulatory basis, with local anesthesia of the pharynx. While the patient lies on his left side, the instrument, which is flexible and covered with rubber in the portion which lies in the lower esophagus and stomach, is inserted. A prism at the distal end enables various areas of the gastric mucosa to be seen at right angles to the axis of the instrument. A series of convex lenses allows a clear image to be maintained if the flexible portion is deviated not more than 30° at any single point. During the procedure the stomach is inflated with air through a passage inside the instrument. Upon the initial insertion of the gastro-scope, the pylorus should be sought as a major landmark and should be seen in 90 per cent of undistorted stomachs (1). A se...

The Effect of Experimental Devascularization on Gastric Mucosa

Devascularization of the stomach by surgical interruption of the major portion of the arterial blood supply has been reported by Somervell1 to be successful in relieving symptoms and hyperacidity and in preventing recurrence in patients with peptic ulcer. The rationale of this physiological gastrectomy is to deprive the secretory portion of the gastric mucosa of its vascular supply and thereby impair its function. Somervell has performed this operation in combination with a posterior gastroenterostomy over 400 times with one death. Late follow-up in 82 cases had revealed only one recurrence of symptoms and a consistent reduction of gastric acidity at the time of his report. The author postulated that an ischemic atrophy of the acid and pepsin secreting cells of the mucosa occurred with a result comparable to surgical excision of the greater part of the secreting portion of the stomach. The validity of this assumption, however, was not confirmed by microscopic study of the gastric mucosa inasmuch as there was no occasion to secure post-recovery biopsy material from any of his cases. In 1932, Bernheim2 reported that any amount of devascularization short of a total devascularization failed to produce ulcers or macroscopic change in the gastric mucosa of dogs, or any material change in the gastric acidity. Total devascularization rapidly produced gangrene of the greater curvature. Brenckman3 reported that a month after almost complete de-arterialization of the stomach of dogs the mucosa seemed normal save for the appearance of being less vascular. Here and there in circular and longitudinal muscle layers of the stomach, patches of hyaline degeneration were found. No change in the acidity was noted. Babkin4 et aI, showed that the dog's stomach resists the reduction of its blood supply well. Tying most of the arteries in their experience never led to formation of peptic ulcers or mucosal ulcerations, and did not diminish the volume, acidity or peptic activity of gastric secretion. Occasionally localized foci of gangrenous degeneration in the gastric mucosa resulted; but even in animals in which this occurred acid was present in the gastric juice. Layne and Bergh5 found no changes in the gross or microscopic appearance of the mucosa of three dogs following ligation of two or three major arteries of the stomach. No significant alterations in the acid gastric secretion or the gastroscopic appearance was noted in their series of nine dogs. Freeman6 reported gastroscopic studies in man following ligation of a large

EXPERIMENTALLY INDUCED INFECTIOUS HEPATITIS

THE OCCURRENCE of anorexia, nausea, vomiting and abdominal pain during the preicteric and early icteric phases of infectious hepatitis has suggested that involvement of the gastrointestinal tract may be an important feature of this disease. The fact that the etiologic agent of infectious hepatitis is eliminated in the stools of patients in the acute phase of the disease and may be transmitted experimentally by feeding such material to human volunteers adds supporting evidence to this concept. 1 More objective criteria have been afforded by the demonstration at autopsy of regional lymphadenopathy as well as edema and phlegmonous changes in the stomach and small and large bowel in fatal cases. 2 In an effort to demonstrate changes in the gastrointestinal tract during infectious hepatitis, certain roentgenologic and gastroscopic studies have been made. Poschl 3 has reported alteration in the antral portion of the stomach and first part of the duodenum,

Gastroscopic Studies in Naval Personnel with Chronic Seasickness

IN a group of 150 cases of chronic seasickness studied clinically at the United States Naval Hospital in Chelsea, Massachusetts,1 , 2 routine gastrointestinal x-ray studies showed that 50 per cent had a characteristic roentgenologic appearance.3 These cases showed a constant triad of findings, namely, hypersecretion, loss of gastric motility and spasm of the pylorus. In a few cases there was in addition evidence of a moderate degree of hypertrophic gastritis, seen when a thick barium solution was used to bring out the gastric rugae. It was considered highly desirable to confirm these findings by direct gastroscopic examination. Since facilities for this . . .

Redundant gastric mucosa simulating carcinoma of the stomach

A case of prolapse of the gastric mucosa of the stomach is presented in which the lesion was misinterpreted is gastroseopic as being gastric carcinoma. Reapeated gastroscopic examination undoubtedly will obviate such gastroscopic errors in the future. Palpation of the abdomen during the process of gastroscopy is undoubtedly of definite value in the gastroscopic study of gastric disease.