Gastroprotective Effect Of Hydroalcoholic Extract Research Articles

Gastroprotective effect of hydroalcoholic extract from Agaricus blazei Murill against ethanol-induced gastric ulcer in mice

Ethnopharmacological relevanceThe use of mushrooms in medicine is quite old and the first report about the use of genus Agaricus in treatment of ulcers occurred in Byzantine period. This mushroom is widely consumed as food, tea, food supplements, as well as nutraceutical and cosmeceutical applications, being cultivated and appreciated in several countries such as Brazil, Korea, Japan and China. Aim of the studyThis study aimed to characterize the chemical profile and the potential gastroprotective effect of hydroalcoholic extract from Agaricus blazei Murill (HEAb). Materials and methodsThe extract was chemically characterized by elemental analysis, UPLC-QTOF-MSE, Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) techniques to elucidate the metabolites present in the extract. The quantification of phenolic compounds and the in vitro antioxidant activities were performed and the gastroprotective effect of this extract was evaluated against ethanol-induced gastric ulcer model. HEAb was administered by gavage at 5, 25 and 50 mg kg−1 and N-acetylcysteine at 300 mg kg−1 (positive control). Furthermore, the pathways of nitric oxide (NO), Cyclic Guanylate Monophosphate (cGMP), prostaglandins (PGs) and the involvement of ATP-sensitive K+ Channels were modulated. ResultsMannitol, malic acid, pyroglutamic acid, L-agaritine and L-valine were putatively identified by UPLC-QTOF-MSE in HEAb. In addition, it was possible to identify mannitol by the intense signals in the NMR spectra, being still quantified as the main compound in the extract by HPLC. The contents of total phenols and flavonoids corroborated with the good antioxidant activity of HEAb. This study observed that HEAb at 25 and 50 mg kg−1 had gastroprotection effect demonstrated by the reduction of histopathological parameters and the reduction of mastocytosis in the stomach of mice. ConclusionsIn this study was possible to conclude that HEAb has gastroprotective effect related to the involvement of NO and PG pathways in the ethanol-induced gastric ulcer model in mice.

Gastroprotective Effect of Hydro-Alcoholic Extract of Polygonum bistorta Lin Root in Indomethacin- Induced Gastric Ulcers in Sprague Dawley Rats

Abstract: Objective: Gastroprotective effect of hydro-alcoholic extract of Polygonum bistorta Linn root (HEPB) was investigated in indomethacin-induced gastric ulcer in Sprague Dawley rats. Background: Polygonum bistorta has been used as hemostatic drug in Unani system of medicine due to its cold and dry temperament. Methods: The rats were grouped into six groups each consisting of five rats. Group-I, group-II, group-III, group-IV, group-V and group-VI rats received 1 mL/kg/day 1% carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), 1 mL/kg/day 1% CMC, 500 mg/kg/day HEPB, 1000 mg/kg/day HEPB, 20 mg/kg/day ranitidine and 1000 mg/kg/day HEPB per oral (po) respectively for 10 days. Further, rats of all groups except group-I and group-VI were administered with 20 mg/kg b.wt indomethacin po on eleventh day. Then, rats were sacrificed, stomach was opened, and ulcer index was calculated. Mucus barrier and histopathology was determined. Rest of stomach was homogenized in buffer to evaluate antioxidant parameters thiobarbituric acid, catalase and superoxide dismutase (SOD). Results: HEPB in group-III and group-IV significantly (p<0.01) and dose dependently increased the levels of mucus, SOD and catalase while, decreased ulcer index and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances compared to that of ulcer control group-II. Histopathological findings showed that indomethacin treatment caused gastric ulcer while; HEPB treatment protected them from indomethacin-induced ulcer. Ulcer protection potency of HEPB 1000 mg/kg/day in group-IV was comparable to that of 20 mg/kg/day ranitidine in group-V. Conclusion: HEPB protected stomach from indomethacin-induced gastric ulcers in rats by prevention of induced muco-oxidative stress. Thus, HEPB possesses gastroprotective effect against indomethacin-induced gastric ulcers in rats. Key words: Polygonum bistorta, Indomethacin, Oxidative stress, Ulcer index, PUD.

Protective effect of Chresta martii extract against indomethacin-induced gastric lesions in mice

Chresta martii (Asteraceae) is a plant found in the Xingó region (semi-arid area) in Northeastearn Brazil, and is recognized by the local population as a traditional herb used to treat gastric diseases. This is the first report of the chemical composition, acute toxicity, and gastroprotective effect in mice of the hydroalcoholic extract (HAE) from the aerial parts (leaves and flowers) of Chresta martii. Animals received HAE doses from 10 to 2000mg/kg, i.p. or 50 to 3000mg/kg, p.o.) and were observed over 48h for toxicity signs and mortality; sub-chronic toxicity was evaluated through 14days treatment with once-daily HAE doses (400mg/kg, p.o.). The gastroprotective effect of HAE was demonstrated on the indomethacin-induced gastric ulcer model after the administration of extracts. Data comparison of ulcer index averages between saline and HAE (100 or 400mg/kg, p.o.) groups showed significant (P<0.01) inhibition (71.73 and 76.72%, respectively) of indomethacin-induced gastric lesions. Histological analyses showed significant (P<0.05) inhibition of leukocyte migration in HAE-treated groups. A fingerprint of the HAE obtained by HPLC/UV/MS analysis showed major peaks characteristic of sesquiterpene lactones. Compound 1 was isolated and elucidated as a new natural product. Its capacity to prevent leukocyte chemotaxis was demonstrated in vitro, corroborating the pharmacological effects observed for C. martii HAE.

Gastroprotective Effect of Hydroalcoholic Extract of Aloe buettneri.

Aloe buettneri A. Berger is commonly used in traditional Togolese medicine to treat inflammatory and gastric ulcers. The present study examined the gastro-protection effect of the hydro-alcoholic extract of A. buettneri on mucus production and gastric pH. A gastric ulcer is induced by ethanol 95° alone (1 mL/kg body weight), after pre-treatment with indomethacin (300 mg/kg) or by utilising L-NAME (40 mg/kg IV). In addition gastric mucus was removed by scraping and subsequently weighed. The experiment focused entirely on rats that had been subjected to fasting. The hydro-alcoholic extract of A. buettneri (500 mg/kg) significantly inhibited ulcers that were induced by ethanol, indomethacin or L-NAME pre-treatment. A. buettneri was shown to increase the production of gastric mucus. Furthermore L-arginine significantly decreased the size of the induced ulcers. The results achieved in the study carried out suggest that A. buettneri posses gastro-protective properties.

A biochemical study on the gastroprotective effect of hydroalcoholic extract of Andrographis paniculata in rats

Aim:The aim of the present study is to evaluate the gastroprotective effect of hydroalcoholic extract of Andrographis paniculata (HAEAP) in male albino wistar rats.Materials and Methods:Rats were pretreated with HAEAP (100,200,500mg/kg b. wt for 30 days) and then gastric ulcers were induced by ethanol, aspirin, pylorus ligation and cold restraint stress models. Ulcer score was determined in all the ulcer models. pH, gastric volume, titrable acidity, pepsin, mucin, myeloperoxidase, H+K+ATPase, thiobarbituric acid reacting substances (TBARS) and antioxidant enzyme activities were assayed in ethanol-administered rats.Results:The ulcer score was found to be low in HAEAP-pretreated rats. Among the doses studied, 200 mg/kg b.wt was found to be optimum for significant ulcer reduction. The test drug significantly reduced the acidity, pepsin concentration, myeloperoxidase and H+K+ATPase activities in ethanol-administered rats. The elevated TBARS and decreased glutathione (GSH) and mucin levels observed during ulcerogenesis were found to be altered in HAEAP-received animals.Conclusions:The ulcer preventing effect of HAEAP may partly be due to its regulating effect on H+K+ATPase activity and /or mucin preserving effects. The flavonoids present in the HAEAP might be responsible for the gastroprotective action probably by maintaining the antioxidants and thiol status in the gastrointestinal tract.

Gastroprotective constituents of Salvia officinalis L.

The gastrointestinal activity of hydroalcoholic extract (HE) of Salvia officinalis was evaluated in a model of ethanol-induced gastric lesion. HE showed excellent activity, with ID(50) 84.0 (54.8-128.9) mg/kg. The acetic acid-induced ulcer and the total acidity of the gastric secretion were also reduced by HE, and, in vitro experiments, the H(+),K(+)-ATPase activity was inhibited. Carnosol was identified as a possible active constituent for the gastroprotective effect of HE.

Gastroprotective effect of hydroalcoholic extract from barks of Persea major Kopp (Lauraceae) in rats

Persea major Kopp (Lauraceae) is used in folk medicine to treat skin wounds and gastric disorders. This study evaluates the potential of crude hydroalcoholic extract (EHA) as gastroprotective and its acute toxicity. Swiss mice were treated with EHA by oral (p.o.) and intraperitoneal (i.p.) routes with doses of 0.125 to 10 g/kg and were observed until 14 days after the administration of the extract. The calculated LD50 of EHA after i.p. administration was 480 mg/kg in mice and the LD50 values of EHA by the oral route were calculated to be up to 10 g/kg in mice. Wistar rats were orally pretreated with EHA (30, 100, 300 and 1000 mg/kg) before induction of gastric lesions by 70% ethanol (0.5 mL/animal, p.o.), indomethacin (20 mg/kg, s.c.) and hypothermic restraint stress (during 3 h at 4 ºC). The EHA protected the gastric mucosa against lesions induced by ethanol, but did not reduce the stress- and indomethacin-induced gastric lesions. When the EHA was injected into the duodenal lumen (i.d.), the volume, pH and total acidity of the gastric secretion of rats with pylorus ligature was not altered with different doses of the extract. Results therefore suggest that the cytoprotective effect of this extract against the direct necrosing action of ethanol and its effect were not related with reduction of gastric acid secretion.