Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease Questionnaire Research Articles

Endoscopic cardiac mucosal ligation: a novel minimally invasive procedure for gastroesophageal reflux disease

Background Our objective in this study was to evaluate the short-term clinical efficacy and safety of endoscopic cardiac mucosal ligation, a novel endoscopic procedure, in the treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). Methods Patients diagnosed with refractory GERD or recurrent patients due to drug withdrawal admitted to our hospital were recruited in this clinical trial. All GERD patients were treated with endoscopic cardiac mucosal ligation. Postoperatively, all patients received subsequent follow-ups for approximately four months to evaluate the efficacy and safety of this endoscopic procedure. Results A total of 13 GERD patients were enrolled. Endoscopic cardiac mucosal ligation was successfully performed in all cases. Postoperatively, relevant symptoms were significantly alleviated in 10 patients (76.9%). The average Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease Questionnaire (GERD-Q) score in all participants significantly decreased from preoperative 10.0 ± 3.5 to postoperative 7.8 ± 2.9 (p = .022). The average GERD symptom questionnaire score was 27.0 ± 12.0 prior to surgery, which significantly decreased to 18.3 ± 7.5 postoperatively (p = .032). No severe postoperative complications were observed during subsequent follow-ups. Conclusions Endoscopic cardiac mucosal ligation might be a novel effective and safe endoscopic procedure for GERD.

Associations between the symptoms of gastroesophageal reflux disease and dietary and lifestyle behavior among young Korean adults: a preliminary cross-sectional study

Objectives: Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a clinical condition caused by esophageal tissue damage resulting from the reflux of stomach or duodenal contents. An increasing number of GERD cases have been reported recently; however, research on this population, especially young adults, is lacking. This study aimed to investigate the dietary and lifestyle factors associated with GERD symptoms in young Korean adults. Methods: A total of 202 individuals (19–34 years old) living in Gwangju were surveyed using a questionnaire to examine their general characteristics, lifestyle, and dietary behaviors. GERD symptoms were investigated using the gastroesophageal reflux disease questionnaire (GerdQ). The participants were grouped into normal (GerdQ score ≤ 4) and caution (GerdQ score ≥ 5), and their characteristics were analyzed according to the group. Results: The findings suggested 15 participants (7.4%) belonged to the GERD caution group. More non-office workers were in the caution group than in the normal group (P < 0.05). The participants’ smoking, physical activity, sleep duration, and pillow height were not significantly different between the GERD phenotypes; however, the caution group consumed alcohol more frequently than the normal group (P < 0.001). The analyses of the participants’ eating behaviors revealed that the frequency of overeating, late-night snacking and chocolate consumption was significantly higher in the caution group (P < 0.001). Conclusion: Lifestyle and dietary behaviors were associated with GERD symptoms in young Korean adults. Further studies with larger cohorts are required to confirm these findings.

Short-term effects of laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy combined with reconstruction of the acute His angle on postoperative gastroesophageal reflux disease

Objective: To compare the short-term efficacy of laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) combined with sharp His angle reconstruction (LSG-His) versus traditional LSG. Methods: In this retrospective cohort study we collected clinical data of patients with obesity who had undergone LSG or LSG-His in the Department of General Surgery, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, from January to June 2022. After excluding patients with incomplete follow-up data and those with hiatal hernia, 83 obese patients, of which 39 who had undergone LSG (LSG group) and 44 who had undergone LSG-His (LSG-His group), were included in the study. The basic steps in LSG-His are the same as in conventional LSG. After continuous suturing of the gastric staple line, one stitch is placed between the proximal side of the gastric greater curvature staple line and the proximal side of the gastric fundus posterior wall with the left diaphragm, and another stitch between the right side of the gastric fundus and the esophagus, reconstructing the sharp His angle. Clinical data, postoperative complications, and follow-up data on weight loss and gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) symptoms 1-, 3-, 6-, and 12-months post-discharge were compared between the two groups. GERD symptoms were assessed using the Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease Questionnaire and Reflux Diagnostic Questionnaire. Results: There were no significant differences between the two groups in baseline characteristics, length of hospital stay, hospitalization costs, intraoperative bleeding, postoperative nausea and vomiting, dysphagia, or postoperative complications (all P>0.05). Compared with the LSG group, the LSG-His group had significantly longer operative times (92 [80, 100] minutes vs. 80 [70, 100] minutes, U=2.227, P=0.026), higher postoperative 24-hour pain scores (5.2±1.8 vs. 4.3±1.9, t=-2.065, P=0.041), and higher rates of morphine use (70.5% [31/44] vs. 46.2% [18/39], χ²=4.519, P=0.025). The incidence of new-onset GERD 12 months postoperatively was significantly lower in the LSG-His than the LSG group (10.7% [3/28] vs. 61.3% [19/31], χ²=14.00, P<0.001). According to changes in Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease Questionnaire and Reflux Diagnostic Questionnaire scores, the LSG-His group also had significantly lower rates of exacerbation of GERD (2/16 vs. 5/8, χ²=4.27, P=0.021) and higher rates of GERD remission (12/16 vs. 2/8, χ²=3.62, P=0.032) than did the LSG group. Additionally, excess weight loss rates were significantly higher in the LSG-His group at 3 months [(54.7± 18.7)% vs. (46.5±15.0)% , t=-2.166, P=0.033], 6 months [(73.8±24.7)% vs. (64.0±19.1)% , t=-2.018, P=0.047], and 12 months [(82.9±26.7)% vs. (72.2±19.3)%, t=-2.063, P=0.042] than in the LSG group. Conclusion: Compared with LSG, LSG-His is safe and feasible and achieves better short-term control of postoperative GERD and more effective weight loss. Further large-scale, long-term, prospective studies are needed to confirm the long-term efficacy of LSG-His.

Bolus exposure as a novel predictor of postoperative symptom resolution after laparoscopic nissen fundoplication: A two-institutional retrospective cohort study.

Even in the absence of definite evidence of pathological acid reflux, antireflux surgery (ARS) can still effectively improve gastroesophageal reflux symptoms. Nonetheless, predicting postoperative reflux symptom improvement has been primarily dependent on acid-based parameters. No objective index reflecting both acid and non-acid reflux was identified to select ARS candidates. Prospectively collected data of 121 patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), who underwent laparoscopic Nissen fundoplication from two institutions, were retrospectively reviewed. The patients reported preoperative and postoperative GERD symptoms using the Korean version of the GERD questionnaire, along with the gastroesophageal reflux disease-health-related quality of life (GERD-HRQL). The patients assessed for reflux symptoms using bolus exposure, acid exposure time (AET), and DeMeester score (DMS) as measurements were selected. For each reflux parameter, its association, correlation, and predictive capacity of the degree of postoperative symptom resolution were analyzed using chi-squared tests, point-biserial correlations, logistic regression analyses, and receiver operating characteristic curve analyses. 72 patients were eligible for this study. Bolus exposure was superior to the other parameters in terms of the degree of association and correlation with resolution of typical symptoms. Bolus exposure also showed a higher diagnostic accuracy in predicting the resolution of epigastric pain (area under the curve [AUC]=0.723, P=0.013) and regurgitation (AUC=0.981, P<0.001). Secondary analyses were performed in patients without pathological reflux, defined as the DMS-negative (DMS<14.7) or AET-negative (AET<6%) groups. In the secondary analyses, bolus exposure showed considerable diagnostic accuracy with statistical significance for all typical symptoms in both in the DMS-negative (heartburn: AUC=0.717, P=0.025; epigastric pain: AUC=0.717, P=0.025; regurgitation: AUC=0.975, P<0.001) and AET-negative (heartburn: AUC=0.681, P=0.045; epigastric pain: AUC=0.749, P=0.009; regurgitation: AUC=0.975, P<0.001) groups. Bolus exposure, a parameter of total reflux, was superior to AET or DMS in defining candidates for ARS. Further studies investigating the surgical indications for ARS in patients with non-acid reflux using bolus exposure are required.

A long-term follow-up study of gastric peroral endoscopic myotomy (G-POEM) in a large cohort of patients with postsurgical gastroparesis.

Postoperative gastroparesis occurs after surgeries which affect the upper digestive tract. Gastric peroral endoscopic myotomy (G-POEM) is a treatment for postoperative gastroparesis. The present study boasts the long-term efficacy and safety of G-POEM in a large cohort of patients. Gastroparesis Cardinal Symptom Index (GCSI) and Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease Questionnaire (GERDQ) were utilized for the assessment of postsurgical gastroparesis symptoms. Gastroscope was used to observe the anastomotic site. Three-dimensional ultrasound was used to measure the morphological structure of the gastric antrum and pylorus tube. Gastric emptying time was calculated by analyzing the volume change of gastric antrum. Significant clinical effectiveness of G-POEM was observed. The GCSI score, including each subscale score, showed significant decrease after G-POEM. Before G-POEM, there was a negative correlation between GCSI score and the inner diameter of pylorus, as well as a positive correlation with the length of pyloric tube. The similar results were found in the scores of nausea/vomiting and postprandial fullness/early satiety subscales. No correlation was observed between GCSI score and the emptying time, nor between the emptying time and the parameters of antrum morphology. After G-POEM, no correlation was found between GCSI (including subscales) score, the emptying time, and the parameters of antrum morphology. Patients who exhibited as clinical non-responders often accompanied with GERD symptoms. After G-POEM, the score of GERDQ decreased significantly. Either before or after G-POEM, no correlation was noticed between GERDQ scores, the emptying time and the parameters of antrum morphology. The technique of G-POEM was demonstrated as a minimally invasive approach with the long-term efficacy and safety in therapying postoperative gastroparesis.

Acupoint catgut embedding advantage in treating gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (ACE-GERD): study protocol for a randomised controlled trial

BackgroundGastro-oesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a highly prevalent disorder worldwide and developing effective treatment strategies for GERD is a clinical priority. GERD is associated with anxiety and depression. Several approaches...

IL-8, TNF-α, and IL-17 in the Development of Erosive Esophagitis and Symptom Perception in Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD)

Background: The diverse clinical characteristics of erosive esophagitis (EE) and symptom perception in patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) remain a major challenge in understanding their underlying pathogenesis. This study aimed to investigate the association between the levels of IL-8, TNF-α, and IL-17 in serum and the presence of erosive esophagitis and symptoms related to GERD. Method: We enrolled 65 subjects presenting with GERD symptoms. Based on the findings of upper endoscopy, the subjects were categorized into two groups: (1) erosive esophagitis (EE LA grades B-D) and (2) non-erosive esophagitis (normal-EE LA grade A). Symptom perception was assessed via GERD questionnaire (GERD-Q) and the frequency scale for the symptoms of GERD (FSSG). The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method was used to analyze serum levels of IL-8, TNF-α, and IL-17. Analysis of cytokine levels between different symptoms severity was performed using the Kruskal-Wallis H test. Results: Median serum IL-8 levels were significantly higher in the erosive esophagitis group compared to those with non-erosive esophagitis (20.2 (IQR 16.9–32.2) vs. 17.7 (IQR 15.2–19.6), p &lt; 0.05). The study found a significant association between IL-8 levels and the presence of globus symptoms (median IL8 level 46.961 (38.622–92.644) in subjects with globus vs. 18.06 (16.68–20.49) in those without globus; p &lt; 0.05). Similarly, TNF-α levels were associated with the frequency of regurgitation symptoms (H index = 10.748; dr = 3; p &lt; 0.05). We observed a significant correlation between IL-17 levels and the frequency of heartburn and early satiety symptoms. Conclusions: IL-8 may play a role in the development of mucosal erosion in GERD. IL-8, TNF- α, and IL-17 might be involved in the development of globus symptoms, the frequency of regurgitation, and the frequency of heartburn and early satiety, respectively. The diverse symptom phenotypes observed in patients with GERD symptoms may be mediated by distinct profiles of proinflammatory cytokines.

The potential role of Helicobacter pylori in chronic rhinosinusitis with or without nasal polyposis

BackgroundCertain gastrointestinal and extra-intestinal diseases are caused by the gram-negative bacterium Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori). We aimed to determine the potential H. pylori role in chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) with or without nasal polyposis. This cross-sectional study was conducted on 80 subjects of any age and sex diagnosed with CRS (CRSWNP and CRSSNP) who had failed medical treatment and scheduled for surgery. Patients were further categorised into two equal groups: study group (n = 40) were diagnosed with CRS with or without nasal polyposis (CRSWNP and CRSSNP) who had failed medical treatment and scheduled for surgery, and control group (40 patients) were admitted for septoplasty. All patients had clinical assessment, physical assessment, diagnosis of rhinosinusitis (according to EPOS), based on symptoms, rhinoscopic/endoscopic findings, CT scan findings, questionnaire for gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), and questionnaire for laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR). Samples were collected in the operating room during surgery from both groups and PCR tissue was done.ResultsThe study group patients demonstrated significantly higher history of GERD, LPR, and H. pylori. H. pylori patients had significantly lower ages than those without (P = 0.03). Patients with H. pylori revealed significantly higher GERD history (P < 0.001) and LPR (P = 0.002) than those without H. pylori. History of GERD (P = 0.003), LPR (P = 0.043), and H. pylori presence (P = 0.028) were significant predictors, controlling for the abovementioned variables.ConclusionsWe concluded that a significant correlation was observed between the H. pylori presence in the sinonasal mucosa and nasal polyps and the development of chronic rhinosinusitis with or without nasal polyps.

Concomitant hiatal hernia repair with transoral incisionless fundoplication for the treatment of refractory gastroesophageal reflux disease: a systematic review.

Transoral incisionless fundoplication (TIF) is safe and effective in select patients with hiatal hernias ≤ 2 cm with refractory gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). For patients with hiatal hernias > 2 cm, concomitant hiatal hernia (HH) repair with TIF (cTIF) is offered as an alternative to conventional anti-reflux surgery (ARS). Yet, data on this approach is limited. Through a comprehensive systematic review, we aim to evaluate the efficacy and safety of cTIF for managing refractory GERD in patients with hernias > 2 cm. We conducted a systematic review of studies evaluating cTIF outcomes from PubMed, EMBASE, SCOPUS, and Cochrane databases up to February 14, 2024. Primary outcomes included complete cessation of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs). Secondary outcomes included objective GERD assessment, adverse events, and treatment-related side effects. Pooled analysis was employed wherever feasible. Seven observational studies (306 patients) met the inclusion criteria. Five were retrospective cohort studies and two were prospective observational studies. The median rate of discontinuation of PPIs was 73.8% (range 56.4-94.4%). Significant improvements were observed in disease-specific, validated GERD questionnaires. The median rate for complications was 4.4% (range 0-7.9%), and the 30-day readmission rate had a median of 3.3% (range 0-5.3%). The incidence of dysphagia was 11 out of 164 patients, with a median of 5.3% (range 0-8.3%), while the incidence of gas bloating was 15 out of 127 patients, with a median of 6.9% (range 0-13.8%). Current data on cTIF suggests a promising alternative to ARS with comparable short-term efficacy and safety profile for managing refractory GERD with a low side effect profile. However, longer-term data and comparative efficacy studies are needed.

213. A NEW MANOMETRIC TOOL TO EVALUATE THE EFFICACY OF LAPAROSCOPIC ANTIREFLUX SURGERY

Abstract Background High resolution manometry (HRM) has been proven able to describe the pathophysiological pathway leading to gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). Recently, a new manometric tool, the Milan Score (MS), has been introduced and validated to evaluate the risk of pathologic GERD, defined as Acid Exposure Time (AET) &amp;gt;6% at pH-study. Aim of this study is to validate this score in the post-operative assessment after laparoscopic antireflux surgery (LARS). Methods All patients who underwent HRM after LARS between October 2020 and May 2023 were included. The MS was calculated assessing four manometric variables: esophagogastric junction (EGJ) type, EGJ contractile integral (EGJ-CI), ineffective esophageal motility (IEM) and response to the straight leg raise (SLR) manoeuvre. The MS was considered pathologic if ≥137 (risk of GERD ≥50%). The risk of GERD was categorized into six classes, according to the MS score. The MS was compared with validated questionnaires for reflux symptoms, including GERD Questionnaire (GERD-Q), GERD Health-Related Quality of Life (GERD-HRQL) and Reflux Symptom Index (RSI), and with postoperative endoscopy findings. Results A total of 160 patients were included (63% males, age: 53 years, time from surgery: 30 months). Surgical techniques included magnetic sphincter augmentation in 54% of patients, Toupet fundoplication in 29% and Nissen or Dor fundoplication in 17%. The proportion of patients with MS ≥137 among those with pathologic questionnaires was 73% for GERD-Q (p&amp;lt;0.001), 75% for GERD-HRQL (p&amp;lt;0.001) and 78% for RSI (p&amp;lt;0.001). The rate of pathologic questionnaires increased for higher MSs. A MS ≥137 was related to recurrent hiatal hernia (23%, p=0.046) and esophagitis (21%, p=0.007) at endoscopy. Clinical and manometric outcomes were similar among different surgical techniques. Conclusions The MS is an efficient tool to assess the efficacy of LARS. Various surgical techniques have similar distribution in the different risk classes for GERD identified by MS, and similar clinical results. HRM with MS represent an easy and feasible assessment of surgical outcomes after LARS, providing an objective evaluation of the antireflux barrier after surgery.

461. BARRETT'S ESOPHAGUS POST-ABLATION TRANSORAL INCISIONLESS FUNDOPLICATION (TIF) WITH OR WITHOUT HIATAL HERNIA REPAIR (CTIF):A PROSPECTIVE FEASIBILITY TRIAL

Abstract Transoral incisionless fundoplication without (TIF) or with concomitant hiatal hernia repair(cTIF) are treatment options for GERD. Lifelong PPI therapy is recommended for BE patients, even after endoscopic eradication therapy (EET), but concern for adverse effects of chronic PPI use has increased. Full barrier surgical therapy (Nissen fundoplication, magnetic sphincter augmentation) is a highly effective treatment for GERD but is associated with dysphagia and gas-bloat. We hypothesized that TIF/cTIF may be reasonable alternatives. AIM: We studied the safety and efficacy of TIF/cTIF in post-EET BE patients with refractory GERD symptoms or esophagitis despite PPI, and those averse to chronic PPI. METHODS: We prospectively enrolled BE patients with BMI &amp;lt;35 after successful EET (EMR, RFA, cryoablation) who underwent TIF (HH &amp;lt; 2cm, Hill grade ≤2) from Nov 2017-2020 or cTIF (HH ≥2cm, Hill grade ≥3) from Nov 2020-2022. Preoperative evaluation included baseline standardized GERD questionnaires, EGD, and selective pH testing and manometry. The primary outcome was GERD/LPRD symptom control. Secondary outcomes were presence of esophagitis, PPI use, patient satisfaction (rated as satisfied/neutral/dissatisfied), average duration of symptom control off PPI, failure rate, BE recurrence, and adverse events. RESULTS: To date, 30 patients have had TIF or cTIF (Table 1) after EET for LGD/HGD/ImCA (n=19) or no dysplasia + family history of BE/ECA, n=11). Median follow-up to date is 3 years (IQR 2-4, range 0.5-6). 22/30(76%) were asymptomatic on once/twice daily PPI at baseline but PPI averse. All TIFs/cTIFs were completed without serious adverse events. At 6 months post TIF/cTIF, GERD/LPRD symptom control was 86% (GERD-HRQL score) and 93% (Reflux Symptom Index score) (Fig 1B), esophagitis was absent in all patients, PPI discontinued or reduced to occasional use in 83% (Fig 1B), and acid exposure time was normal in 74%. At last follow-up, GERD and LPRD symptoms remained controlled in 93% and 96%, respectively, esophagitis absent in 95%, PPI discontinued or reduced in 71% (Fig 1D). Overall, the mean duration off PPI from TIF/cTIF was 30.4 months (range 4.4-72.5). Patient satisfaction improved from 43% at baseline, to 69% at 6 months, to 79% at last follow-up (Fig 1C). TIF/cTIF failure (defined as resumption of daily/twice daily PPI, symptom recurrence, and/or abnormal AET) was 9(32%), greater in TIF (50%) than cTIF (8%) (p=0.039). Median recurrent hiatal hernia length was 1(IQR 0-1.5). Nondysplastic BE recurrence noted in 1 patient treated with APC and TIF (3.3%). Dysphagia (10%) and gas bloat (7%) improved from baseline (37% and 20%, respectively). CONCLUSION: Transoral partial fundoplication is a safe and effective alternative to chronic PPI or full barrier surgical therapy in BE patients after EET. Surgical hiatal hernia repair (cTIF) provides added durability.

Translation, cultural adaptation, and evaluation of the psychometric properties of the Arabic Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease Questionnaire (Ar-GerdQ).

Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a common chronic digestive disease that affects people in different communities at different rates. Because of the absence of a validated Arabic tool to assess GERD symptoms, this study aimed to validate and culturally adapt the GERD questionnaire (GerdQ) tool to Arabic speakers. Patients referred for pH testing with symptoms suggestive of GERD were recruited. A cross-sectional study was conducted from March 2023 to April 2023 by administering the Arabic GERD questionnaire (Ar-GerdQ) tool on two different occasions and comparing it with the short-form leeds dyspepsia questionnaire and the Reflux Symptom Index to establish reliability and construct validity. A total of 52 participants were included in the study. The results of the internal consistency analysis of the Ar-GerdQ indicate that the test has good reliability, with a Cronbach's alpha coefficient of 0.86 (95% CI: 0.75-0.91). Significant positive correlations with the short form leeds dyspepsia questionnaire (r = 0.59, P < 0.001, 95% CI: 0.29-0.78) and the reflux symptom index (r = 0.47, P = 0.01, 95% CI: 0.13-0.71) were demonstrated. Moreover, the intraclass correlation coefficient value was 0.60 ( P < 0.001, 95% CI: 0.28-0.77), indicating a substantial level of agreement between the measurements. Our findings indicate that the Ar-GerdQ is useful for assessing reflux disease symptoms among Arabic speakers. Effective utilization of Ar-GerdQ will reduce unnecessary endoscopic requests in primary care settings.

Comparative clinical feasibility of antireflux mucosectomy and antireflux mucosal ablation in the management of gastroesophageal reflux disease: Retrospective cohort study.

No definitive treatment has been established for refractory gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). Antireflux mucosectomy (ARMS) and antireflux mucosal ablation (ARMA) using argon plasma coagulation are promising methods. However, no study has compared these two. This study compared the efficacy and safety of the two procedures. This multicenter, retrospective, observational study included 274 patients; 96 and 178 patients underwent ARMA and ARMS, respectively. The primary outcome was subjective symptom improvement based on GERD questionnaire (GERDQ) scores. The secondary outcomes included changes in the presence of Barrett's esophagus, Los Angeles grade for reflux esophagitis, flap valve grade, and proton pump inhibitor withdrawal rates. The ARMS group had higher baseline GERDQ scores (10.0 vs. 8.0, P < 0.001) and a greater median postprocedure improvement than the ARMA group (4.0 vs. 2.0, P = 0.002), and even after propensity score matching adjustment, these findings remained. ARMS significantly improved reflux esophagitis compared with ARMA, with notable changes in Los Angeles grade (P < 0.001) and flap valve grade scores (P < 0.001). Improvement in Barrett's esophagus was comparable between the groups (P = 0.337), with resolution rates of 94.7% and 77.8% in the ARMS and ARMA groups, respectively. Compared with the ARMA group, the ARMS group experienced higher bleeding rates (P = 0.034), comparable stricture rates (P = 0.957), and more proton pump inhibitor withdrawals (P = 0.008). Both ARMS and ARMA showed improvements in GERDQ scores, endoscopic esophagitis, flap valve grade, and the presence of Barrett's esophagus after the procedures. However, ARMS demonstrated better outcomes than ARMA in terms of both subjective and objective indicators.

Clinical effect of acupuncture for gastroesophageal reflux disease based on the "heart-stomach connection" theory and its effects on serum gastrointestinal hormones

To observe the effect of acupuncture on gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) based on the "heart-stomach connection" theory, and to explore its possible mechanisms. Seventy patients with GERD were randomly divided into an acupuncture group (35 cases, 2 cases dropped out) and a medication group (35 cases, 1 case dropped out). The patients in the acupuncture group received acupuncture at bilateral Shenmen (HT 7), Neiguan (PC 6), Burong (ST 19), Tianshu (ST 25), Zusanli (ST 36), Gongsun (SP 4), and Zhongwan (CV 12), with needles retained for 30 min, every other day, three times a week. The patients in the medication group were treated with oral omeprazole capsules, once daily, 20 mg each time. Both groups were treated for 8 weeks. Before and after treatment, the GERD questionnaire (GERDQ), GERD-quality of life scale (GERD-QOL), Hamilton depression scale-24 (HAMD-24), Zung self-rating depression scale (SDS), and Zung self-rating anxiety scale (SAS) scores were observed. Serum levels of gastrointestinal hormones (gastrin [GAS], motilin [MTL], and vasoactive intestinal peptide [VIP]) were measured, and the clinical efficacy of both groups was evaluated. Correlation between pre-treatment GERDQ score and GERD-QOL score, HAMD-24 score, SDS score, and SAS score was analyzed. After treatment, the scores of GERDQ, HAMD-24, SDS, and SAS were decreased (P<0.001) and the scores of GERD-QOL were increased (P<0.001), serum levels of GAS and MTL were increased (P<0.001) in both groups, while the serum level of VIP in the acupuncture group was decreased (P<0.001) compared with those before treatment. The acupuncture group had higher GERD-QOL score and lower SAS score than the medication group (P<0.05), with lower serum VIP level (P<0.05). The total effective rate was 75.8% (25/33) in the acupuncture group, and 76.5% (26/34) in the medication group, with no significant difference between the two groups (P>0.05). GERDQ score was negatively correlated with GERD-QOL scores (r =-0.762, P<0.01) and positively correlated with HAMD-24 score, SDS score, and SAS score (r =0.709, 0.649, 0.689, P<0.01) before treatment. Based on the "heart-stomach connection" theory, acupuncture could effectively improve clinical symptoms, quality of life, and negative emotions in patients with GERD. Its mechanism may be related to the regulation of gastrointestinal hormone levels, thereby promoting the contraction of the lower esophageal sphincter.

Comparative evaluation of endoscopic anti-reflux mucosectomy and stretta radiofrequency ablation in the management of gastroesophageal reflux disease: insights from a retrospective multicenter cohort study.

Treatment options for gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) that is unresponsive to proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) remain limited. Therefore, we compared the therapeutic effects of anti-reflux mucosectomy (ARMS) and Stretta radiofrequency (SRF) for intractable GERD in over 400 individuals who underwent either procedure. We conducted a retrospective study between 2016 and 2023 to evaluate the effectiveness of SRF and ARMS treatments for refractory GERD. The primary measure of success was the change in the GERD questionnaire (GERDQ) score. The secondary outcomes were various GERD-related indicators, including endoscopic Los Angeles (LA) classification, Hill's type-based flap valve grade (FVG), EndoFLIP™ distensibility index (DI), rate of PPI discontinuation, resolution rate of Barrett's esophagus, and incidence of adverse events. The ARMS group included patients with high GERDQ scores, FVG, LA grade, and Barrett's esophagus. Both groups had similar rates of improvements in GERDQ score (P = 0.884) and PPI withdrawal (P = 0.866); however, the ARMS group had significantly more side effects and improvements in the median change in GERDQ score (P = 0.011), FVG (P < 0.001), LA grade (P < 0.001), EndoFLIP™ DI (P < 0.001), and resolution of Barrett's esophagus (P < 0.001). The ARMS group had a greater GERDQ score improvement than the SRF group but had symptom relief and PPI discontinuation rates similar to those of the SRF group. However, objective measures, including EndoFLIP™ DI and endoscopic evaluations, were better in the ARMS group than in the SRF group.

Results of sleeve gastrectomy conversion to Roux-en-Y gastric bypass on gastroesophageal reflux disease symptoms and proton pump inhibitors use evolution over time

BackgroundAlthough sleeve gastrectomy (SG) is associated with excellent results in the short term, it has been shown that it is plagued by weight regain and new onset or worsening of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). These 2 clinical conditions are currently the 2 most frequent indications for revisional surgery. To date, only a few studies have focused exclusively on GERD. In a selected series of patients complaining of GERD symptoms after SG as a main complaint, we analyzed the efficacy of conversion to Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB), with a standardized surgical technique. MethodsThis is a retrospective study including all consecutive cases of SG to RYGB conversion for GERD not controlled by medical treatment. We excluded all patients undergoing conversion for weight regain without GERD. Quality of life and GERD symptoms were evaluated at outpatient’s clinic visits before and after surgery with 2 standardized questionnaires (Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease Questionnaire and Simplified Form 6). ResultsThis study showed that 70% of patients had complete resolution of GERD symptoms and 60% had completely discontinued proton pump inhibitors (PPIs). The conversion to RYGB resulted in a significant decrease in the rate of patients presenting daily symptoms of GERD and use of PPIs (10% and 16.6%, respectively; P < .019) and a dramatic increase in those without symptoms and no need for PPIs (70% and 60%, respectively; P < .001). ConclusionConversion to RYGB is a good option for GERD complications after SG providing a high rate of symptom remission and PPI discontinuation. Conversion to RYGB in the setting of GERD complications after SG improves postoperative outcomes decreasing GERD symptoms and improving quality of life.

Analysis of the Correlation Between Dynamic Characteristics and Symptoms of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease.

To investigate the esophageal motility characteristics of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and their relationship with symptoms. We examined 101 patients diagnosed with GERD by endoscopy and divided them into 3 groups as follows: nonerosive reflux disease (NERD), reflux esophagitis, and Barrett esophagus. Esophageal high-resolution manometry and the GERD Questionnaire were used to investigate the characteristics of esophageal dynamics and symptoms. In addition, the reflux symptom index was completed and the patients were divided into 7 groups according to symptoms. We then determined the correlation between dynamic esophageal characteristics and clinical symptoms. Upper (UES) and lower (LES) esophageal sphincter pressures and the 4-second integrated relaxation pressure in the RE group were lower than those in the NERD group. The 4-second integrated relaxation pressure in the Barrett esophagus group was also lower than that in the NERD group. In the analysis of extraesophageal symptoms, high-resolution manometry showed significant differences in UES pressures among all groups. Further subgroup analysis showed that compared with the group without extraesophageal symptoms, the UES pressure of the groups with pharyngeal foreign body sensation, throat clearing, and multiple extraesophageal symptoms was lower. As GERD severity increases, motor dysfunction of the LES and esophageal body gradually worsens, and the LES plays an important role in GERD development. Decreased UES pressure plays an important role in the occurrence of extraesophageal symptoms, which is more noticeable in patients with pharyngeal foreign body sensation and throat clearing.

Comparative analysis of laparoscopic nissen fundoplication and rossetti modification in gastroesophageal reflux disease: A focus on life quality enhancement

ObjectiveThis study aims to investigate the focus of surgical treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) on enhancing life quality beyond symptom relief. The comparison involves laparoscopic Nissen fundoplication and Rossetti modification techniques. MethodsPatients intolerant to or experiencing relapse after medical therapy underwent either standard Nissen procedure (Group 1, n=61) or Rossetti modification (Group 2, n=42). A disease-specific quality of life questionnaire for GERD was utilized for evaluating life quality preoperatively and 2 years postoperatively. Symptom scores and patient satisfaction were also assessed. ResultsPreoperatively, groups were similar in symptom duration, hiatal hernia presence, and DeMeester scores (p=0.127, p=0.427, and 0.584, respectively). Both groups exhibited a statistically significant increase in life quality postoperatively (p<0.001), with no significant intergroup difference. Symptoms decreased after both surgeries, except for dysphagia and bloating. Bloating significantly increased in both groups after surgery (p=0.018 and p=0.017, respectively), and dysphagia increased significantly only in Group 2 (p=0.007). The surgery refusal rate was significantly higher in Group 2 for similar preoperative symptoms (p=0.040). ConclusionDespite increased life quality scores, the combination of increased dysphagia and bloating in patients undergoing Rossetti modification resulted in a decreased satisfaction rate.

The association between night eating syndrome and GERD symptoms among university students at An-Najah National University in Palestine: a cross-sectional study

BackgroundNight eating syndrome (NES) is a kind of eating disorder. NES association with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) symptoms among university students is still not fully understood. We aimed to determine the relationship between NES and the presence of GERD symptoms among university students at An-Najah National University in Palestine.MethodsThis study involved undergraduate students from An-Najah National University. The data were collected through online surveys from November to December 2023. The sampling frame involved voluntary sampling, as the data were collected using a structured questionnaire to collect data on sociodemographic variables, medical history, lifestyle habits, nutritional status, GERD risk, and NES. The GERD questionnaire (GerdQ) was used to assess symptoms, while the Arabic version of the validated Night Eating Questionnaire (NEQ) was used to assess night eating. Physical activity was assessed using the short form of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (SF-IPAQ), and adherence to a Mediterranean diet was assessed using the validated Arabic version of the MEDAS. Both univariate and multivariate analyses were also conducted to assess the study hypotheses.ResultsThe study involved 554 participants, 59.9% female. A total of 33.4% reported GERD symptoms, with 10.3% having NES. A strong association was observed between GERD and NES and between GERD and physical activity. Night eating syndrome (AOR = 2.84, CI = 1.07–3.19), high physical activity (AOR = 0.473, CI = 1.05–3.19), and non-smoking (AOR = 0.586, CI = 1.27–7.89) were identified as independent predictors of GERD symptoms.ConclusionThis study revealed that 33.4% of undergraduate students were at risk of GERD, with night eaters having a greater risk. GERD risk was negatively associated with physical activity level and smoking status. No associations were found between GERD risk and weight status, Mediterranean diet adherence, sociodemographic factors, or sleep disturbances.

High Prevalence and Risk Factors of Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders Among University Students in South Korea

Functional gastrointestinal disorders are common and have high prevalence in young adults. This study aimed to identify the prevalence and risk factors of functional gastrointestinal disorders in university students. A cross-sectional study was conducted in January 2021 at two universities in a South Korean city and included 493 participants. The Rome IV criteria (for functional dyspepsia and irritable bowel syndrome) and the Korean gastroesophageal reflux disease questionnaire (for gastroesophageal reflux disease) were used to define each disease. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and multivariate logistic regression. Gastroesophageal reflux disease, functional dyspepsia, and irritable bowel syndrome prevalence was 18.5%, 7.5%, and 6.5%, respectively, in university students. In multivariate analysis, school year (fourth) (odds ratio [95% confidence interval] = 2.27 [0.25, 0.78]), underlying disease (odds ratio [95% confidence interval] = 2.92 [1.42, 6.04]), physical activity less than once weekly (odds ratio [95% confidence interval] = 4.84 [1.04, 22.45]), very irregular meals (odds ratio [95% confidence interval] = 4.02 [1.54, 10.49]), overeating more than 5 times weekly (odds ratio [95% confidence interval] = 3.37 [1.19, 9.56]), and academic stress (odds ratio [95% confidence interval] = 1.02 [1.01, 1.03]) were risk factors for functional gastrointestinal disorders. Our findings indicate that a comprehensive management program focusing on eating habits and psychological factors is needed to reduce the prevalence of functional gastrointestinal disorders in university students.