Gastric Mucosa In Upper Esophagus Research Articles

99mTc-pertechnetate thyroid static scintigraphy unexpectedly revealed ectopic gastric mucosa of upper esophagus.

Technetium-99m (99mTc)-pertechnetate can be taken up by both gastric mucosa and thyroid tissue. Ectopic gastric mucosa of upper esophagus found in thyroid scintigraphy is rare. We reported a 31-year-old woman who underwent 99mTc-pertechnetate thyroid static scintigraphy for abnormal ultrasound findings. A focal uptake lesion was found in her upper chest. Single photon emission computed tomography/computed tomography (SPECT/CT) imaging showed increased uptake in multiple sites of the upper esophagus without significant thickening. Eventually, gastroscopic findings revealed multiple ectopic gastric mucosa of upper esophagus.

Endoscopic findings and clinical implication of heterotopic gastric mucosa in upper esophagus

Heterotopic gastric mucosa in upper esophagus (HGMUE) is a rare clinical condition, which is often associated with congenital agenesis. The diagnosis of HGMUE mainly depends on endoscopic and pathological examinations. The detection rate is increasing with the development of endoscopic techniques, however, there is no consensus on the duration of follow-up and therapeutic strategies for HGMUE and its clinical implication need to be further studied. Key words: Esophagus; Heterotopic gastric mucosa; Endoscopy

Effects of monitored anesthesia care with deep sedation on gastrointestinal endoscopy

Objective To explore effects of monitored anesthesia care (MAC) on gastrointestinal endoscopy. Methods All patients who underwent gastrointestinal endoscopy in Peking University People′s Hospital from September 2010 to September 2015 were analyzed retrospectively and divided into two groups: the MAC group and control group by usage of MAC. Success rates of removal of foreign bodies by upper gastrointestinal endoscopy were compared between two groups during this period. Detection rates of ectopia of gastric mucosa in upper esophagus were compared between two groups from September 2014 to September 2015 when esophagogastroduodenoscopy was performed. The monthly cases of gastrointestinal endoscopies were compared between the two groups, which were separately collected from one MAC operating table and one routine operating table from September 2014 to September 2015. Results The success rate of removal of foreign bodies in the MAC group was higher than that in the control group(100.0% VS 89.7%, χ2=11.737, P=0.001). The detection rate of ectopia of gastric mucosa in upper esophagus in the MAC group was higher than that in the control group(4.3% VS 1.7%, χ2=58.751, P<0.001). The monthly cases of gastrointestinal endoscopies in the MAC group was higher than that in the control group(350.2±36.2 cases VS 213.2±27.9 cases, t=17.591, P<0.001). Conclusion The use of MAC for gastrointestinal endoscopy improves operating success rate, accuracy and operating time. MAC in gastrointestinal endoscopy can be recommended. Key words: Endoscopy; Deep sedation; Anesthesia

Clinical evaluation of twenty cases of heterotopic gastric mucosa of upper esophagus during five-year observation, using gastroscopy in combination with histopathological and microbiological analysis of biopsies

Aim of the studyHeterotopic gastric mucosa of the upper esophagus (HGMUE) may be connected with disorders of the upper gastrointestinal tract, exacerbated by Helicobacter pylori. Furthermore, HGMUE may be the origin of malignant progression to cervical esophageal carcinoma.Material and methodsIn this work, 20 patients with diagnosed heterotopic gastric mucosa of the upper esophagus (HGMUE) were subjected to 5-year follow-up to determine the extent and structure of histopathological changes within HGMUEs, as well as HGMUE dysplasia and metaplasia, and risk of their malignant transformation. As a diagnostic tool to describe localization, form, size and surface feature of HGMUEs, endoscopy was used. At the same time, the biopsies were collected for histopathological and microbiological analysis.ResultsIn examined patients, HGMUEs were associated with inflammation, chronic gastritis, hiatus hernia, duodenal bulb erosion and ulcer and infection of H. pylori. Intestinal metaplasia and low grade dysplasia were also indicated. During 5 years of observation, both the clinical and histopathological image of diagnosed HGMUEs was stable. The patients with detected presence of H. pylori were treated with triple or quadruple therapy.These results show that HGMUEs may be associated with severe complications in the gastrointestinal tract, such as infection by H. pylori, hiatus hernia or duodenal ulcer. Although dysplasias and metaplasias found in diagnosed HGMUEs were not very numerous and relatively stable both clinically and histopathologically, at the present stage of the study we cannot exclude the possibility of HGMUE malignant transformation.

Inlet patch of gastric mucosa in upper esophagus causing chronic cough and vocal cord dysfunction

An inlet patch of gastric mucosa in the upper esophagus is usually an incidental, congenital finding found during upper gastrointestinal tract endoscopy. Although it has been reported to cause dysphagia, strictures, adenocarcinoma, and webs, it has never been associated with cough and vocal cord dysfunction. To report the first case of a patient with an inlet patch of gastric mucosa in the upper esophagus as the cause of a particularly troublesome, chronic cough that was initially missed on 2 upper endoscopies. The patient is a 50-year-old man with a 7-year history of chronic cough associated with hoarseness, shortness of breath, and globus sensation. For diagnostic evaluation, pulmonary function tests, chest computed tomography, rhinolaryngoscopy, upper gastrointestinal tract endoscopy, and histologic examinations were performed. A multidisciplinary approach revealed several possible causes for the chronic cough, including vocal cord dysfunction, postnasal drip syndrome, allergic rhinitis, and mild gastroesophageal reflux disease that was only partially responsive to therapy. The results of 2 initial upper gastrointestinal tract endoscopies were interpreted as normal. A third endoscopy detected an inlet patch of gastric mucosa in the upper esophagus. Treatment with a high-dose histamine type 2 receptor antagonist and a proton pump inhibitor alleviated the patient's symptoms. An inlet patch of gastric mucosa in the upper esophagus is not uncommon, but it is often overlooked or believed to be an incidental, congenital finding. This is the first report, to our knowledge, of an inlet patch resulting in a troublesome, chronic cough.