Aim: The aim of this study is to investigate the prevalence of Helicobacter pylori in hemodialysis patients and its relationship with gastric juice urea, ammonia, urea/ammonia ratio, and urea fraction. Materials and Methods: 20 hemodialysis patients on whom gastroscopy, antrum and corpus biopsy, and histopathologic evaluation were performed due to various reasons, and 30 non-uremic patients were included in the study. Helicobacter pylori prevalence, gastric juice urea nitrogen, ammonia, and urea nitrogen/ammonia ratio were determined. Furthermore, gastric juice urea fraction was also calculated in hemodialysis patients. Results: Eight hemodialysis patients (40%), and twenty non-uremic patients (66%) were positive for Helicobacter pylori. The relationship between gastric juice ammonia value, urea nitrogen/ammonia ratio, gastric juice urea fraction and Helicobacter pylori presence was significant in hemodialysis cases. Conclusions: The prevalence of Helicobacter pylori in hemodialysis patients is significantly lower than in non-uremic patients. Although there is no relationship between gastric juice urea nitrogen and low prevalence of Helicobacter pylori, there is a relationship between gastric juice ammonia value, urea nitrogen/ammonia ratio, and gastric juice urea fraction. In addition, factors other than Helicobacter pylori are thought to have a role in the pathogenesis of gastroduodenal mucosal lesions