Gas Procurement Research Articles

Innovative approaches in enhanced oil recovery: A focus on gas injection synergies with other EOR methods

Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR) techniques have become crucial in extending the productive life of mature oil fields and maximizing resource extraction. Among these, gas injection methods, particularly those involving CO₂, nitrogen, and hydrocarbon gases, have shown significant promise. This review focuses on the innovative synergies achieved by combining gas injection with other EOR methods to enhance recovery efficiency and economic viability. Gas injection techniques work by increasing reservoir pressure and reducing oil viscosity, facilitating easier flow and extraction. When integrated with other EOR methods such as thermal, chemical, and microbial techniques, the synergistic effects can lead to even greater enhancements in oil recovery. For instance, the combination of gas injection with thermal EOR, like steam injection, can improve the displacement of heavy oils by simultaneously reducing viscosity and enhancing thermal conductivity within the reservoir. Similarly, integrating gas injection with chemical EOR methods, such as polymer flooding, can optimize the sweep efficiency by leveraging the mobility control provided by polymers and the pressure maintenance by gases. Recent advancements in monitoring and simulation technologies have further improved the effectiveness of these combined approaches. Real-time reservoir simulation and 4D seismic monitoring allow for precise tracking of gas and fluid movements, enabling dynamic adjustments to injection parameters for optimal performance. Smart well technologies, equipped with advanced downhole sensors, provide continuous data on reservoir conditions, facilitating more responsive and adaptive EOR strategies. However, these innovative synergies are not without challenges. Economic feasibility remains a significant concern, particularly given the high costs associated with gas procurement and the integration of multiple EOR techniques. Additionally, managing the complex interactions between different EOR methods and heterogeneous reservoir conditions requires sophisticated modeling and robust operational protocols. In conclusion, the integration of gas injection with other EOR methods offers a promising pathway to enhance oil recovery rates and extend the lifespan of mature reservoirs. Continued research and development, coupled with cross-industry collaboration, are essential to overcoming the economic and technical challenges associated with these innovative approaches. This review underscores the potential for gas injection synergies to revolutionize EOR practices and drive sustainable growth in the oil and gas industry.

ANALYSIS OF MINING, AGRICULTURE AND SERVICES SECTORS AS LEADING ECONOMIC SECTORS IN BANYUWANGI DISTRICT

This research aims to analyze various leading sectors in Banyuwangi district to be developed in order to increase regional economic growth. This research uses a qualitative approach with more emphasis on the qualitative form of literature, namely the main source from the Banyuwangi Regency Central Bureau of Statistics. The data analysis tools used are LQ, DLQ and Shift Share and the research results obtained show that in Banyuwangi Regency the most superior sector is the Education sector, namely obtaining average data of 2.02, the Electricity Procurement Sector and the Education Services Sector in Banyuwangi Regency have a very large role, this can be seen in the contribution of Electricity Procurement and the Education Services Sector to the GRDP of Banyuwangi Regency. The magnitude of the sector's contribution can be seen in the average contribution figures from 2018 to 2022 with values ​​of 2.00 and 2.02. while the Mining and Quarrying Sector, electricity and gas procurement, transportation and warehousing, accommodation provision, information and communication, financial and insurance services, real estate, government administration are sectors that are included in the Potential category.

Analisis Hubungan Sektor Ekonomi Basis dengan Penyerapan Tenaga Kerja di Kabupaten Sidoarjo

This research aims to examine the relationship between the Basic Economic Sector and Labor Absorption for the 2018-2022 period. This research uses secondary data with a quantitative approach. The population in this study is data from the Annual Gross Regional Domestic Product Report for East Java and Sidoarjo Regency and data on Labor Absorption of Sidoarjo Regency. The sample used is annual Gross Regional Domestic Product data based on constant prices, basic sectors and labor absorption using a sample of the last 5 years, namely 2018 to 2022. The analysis method used in this research is the LQ method and data regression analysis method using SPSS software in carrying out data processing. The results of this research show that the Sidoarjo Regency Base Sector analysis in 2018-2022 produced 3 superior sectors, namely the Processing Industry Sector, the Electricity and Gas Procurement Sector, and the Transportation and Warehousing Sector. Meanwhile, the simultaneous results of the Base Sector variable have a significant effect on Labor Absorption. Partially, the Base Sector has a positive and significant effect on Labor Absorption. The Base Sector variable is able to explain variations in the Cooperative Capital variable of 98.4% and 1.6% is influenced by other factors not included in the research variables

ECONOMIC OPPORTUNITIES AND READINESS OF THE CITY OF BALIKPAPAN: TRAILS TOWARDS THE NATIONAL CAPITAL AND THE SMART CITY ERA

The city of Balikpapan has a strategic position as the main gate to the new capital city. This opportunity has a positive impact on the growth of Balikpapan City, especially in encouraging investment. The aim of this research is to determine the economic potential and readiness of Balikpapan City as the home of the National Capital with the development of a smart city. The method in this research uses a qualitative and quantitative approach, the data used is primary data and secondary data, data collection uses a questionnaire distribution technique (Likert scale) with snowball sampling. Data analysis techniques use descriptive analysis and Location Quotient (LQ) analysis. The results of this research show that from the economic aspect in Balikpapan City, this research identified a number of main sectors, such as processing industry, electricity and gas procurement, water supply, waste management, waste and recycling, construction, wholesale and retail trade, car repair and motorbikes, transportation and warehousing, provision of accommodation and food and beverage, information and communications, financial services and insurance, real estate, and other service sectors. The challenges faced by the City of Balikpapan as the home of the National Capital with the development of a smart city involve implementation that is not yet optimal, becoming an obstacle in increasing economic growth and the quality of life of the community. Apart from that, other problems include increasing waste volumes and narrowing waste storage areas in Balikpapan City

Analysis of Gowa Regency's Leading Economic Sectors

The purpose of this research is to analyze and find out what sectors are included in the base sector, changes and shifts in the economic sector and the classification of economic sector growth in Gowa Regency. The data analysis method is Location Quotient (LQ) analysis from secondary data which is time series data for the last 4 years (2018-2021) of the Central Bureau of Statistics South Sulawesi. The results of Location Quotient (LQ), Shift Share (SS), and Klassen Typology analysis show that in Gowa Regency the leading sectors before the Covid-19 pandemic (2012-2019) were the electricity and gas procurement sector; water supply, waste management and recycling sectors; and the real estate sector. Meanwhile, there were changes during the Covid-19 pandemic (2020-2021) where the agriculture, forestry, and fisheries sectors; information and communication sector; and the government administration, defense, and compulsory social security sectors are the leading sectors in Gowa Regency. Based on the analysis, these sectors are base sectors (LQ>1), competitive sectors or have high competitiveness (positive Differential Shift), and include advanced and fast-growing sectors (quadrant I).

HiFi-Gas: Hierarchical Federated Learning Incentive Mechanism Enhanced Gas Usage Estimation

Gas usage estimation plays a critical role in various aspects of the power generation and delivery business, including budgeting, resource planning, and environmental preservation. Federated Learning (FL) has demonstrated its potential in enhancing the accuracy and reliability of gas usage estimation by enabling distributedly owned data to be leveraged, while ensuring privacy and confidentiality. However, to effectively motivate stakeholders to contribute their high-quality local data and computational resources for this purpose, incentive mechanism design is key. In this paper, we report our experience designing and deploying the Hierarchical FL Incentive mechanism for Gas usage estimation (HiFi-Gas) system. It is designed to cater to the unique structure of gas companies and their affiliated heating stations. HiFi-Gas provides effective incentivization in a hierarchical federated learning framework that consists of a horizontal federated learning (HFL) component for effective collaboration among gas companies and multiple vertical federated learning (VFL) components for the gas company and its affiliated heating stations. To motivate active participation and ensure fairness among gas companies and heating stations, we incorporate a multi-dimensional contribution-aware reward distribution function that considers both data quality and model contributions. Since its deployment in the ENN Group in December 2022, HiFi-Gas has successfully provided incentives for gas companies and heating stations to actively participate in FL training, resulting in more than 12% higher average gas usage estimation accuracy and substantial gas procurement cost savings. This implementation marks the first successful deployment of a hierarchical FL incentive approach in the energy industry.

ANALISIS PERTUMBUHAN EKONOMI DAN DAYA SAING DAERAH KABUPATEN ENDE TAHUN 2013-2014

This study is to empirically determine the potential economic sector, to see whether there has been a change in the economic structure and to determine which economic sectors have regional competitiveness in Ende Regency in 2013-2017 through data sourced from the Central Statistics Agency (BPS) of Ende Regency. The analysis technique used is the Location Quotient (LQ) analysis and Shift Share analysis, the results of the Location Quotient analysis show that the base sector for the 2013-2017 period is 1). Wholesale and retail trade, car and motorcycle repair (1.42); 2). Transportation and Warehousing Sector (1.28); 3). Real Estate Sector (1.17); 4) Manufacturing Industry Sector (1.14); 5). Education Service Sector (1.13); 6). Other Service Sector (1.12); 7). Waste Water Treatment and Recycling Sector (1,10); 8). Construction Sector (1.02). And the non-base sector is 1). Corporate Service Sector (0.03); 2). Food and beverage accommodation provision sector (0.49); 3). Information and communication sector (0.60); 4). Health Services and Social Activities Sector (0.82); 5). Government Administration, Defense and Compulsory Social Security Sector (0.84); 6). Agriculture, forestry and fisheries sector (0.92); 7). Electricity and Gas Procurement Sector (0.93); 8). Financial Services and Insurance Sector (0.98); and 9). Mining and Quarrying Sector (0.99). Based on the analysis of Shift Share, the sectors that have competitiveness in Ende Regency are 1). Growth of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries Sectors; 2). Mining and Excavation Sector; 3). Real Estate Sector; 4). Corporate Service Sector and 5). Education Service Sector.

Analysis of Leading Sectors in Driving the Economy of Majene Regency

West Sulawesi is the province with the lowest unemployment rate in Indonesia. Majene is a regency in West Sulawesi with increasing economic growth. This research aims to analyze the typology and leading sectors in Majene regency. This research uses the LQ, Shift Share, and Klassen Typology analysis methods. The data used is secondary data in the form of GRDP of Majene regency and West Sulawesi province for 2018-2022 which is sourced from the Central Statistics Agency (BPS). The analysis is carried out by determining the base sector, then determining the progressive sector, and finally formulating a sector typology using the Klassen Typology. The research results show that those included in the leading sectors are the mining sector, electricity and gas procurement, transportation, accommodation provision, information, financial services, real estate, government administration, educational services and other services. This sector has the potential to be developed. It is hoped that the results of this research can become the basis for an economic development strategy by looking at the potential of each sector typology

The impact of final demand on energy sectors' interregional output

This study investigates the influence of aggregate demand on the interregional energy sector in Indonesia, aiming to ascertain whether the proximity of regions impacts the demand within the energy sector. Utilizing data from the Input-Output Indonesia Interregional Table, this research encompasses six regions: Sumatra, Java, Bali & Nusa Tenggara, Kalimantan, Sulawesi, and Maluku & Papua. The energy sectors analyzed include oil, gas & geothermal mining, coal & lignite mining, coal industry & oil, gas refinery, and electricity and gas procurement & ice production. Findings indicate that the electricity sector exhibits relatively high sensitivity and dispersion power indices, whereas the gas procurement & ice production sectors display low sensitivity and dispersion power indices. Exports are identified as the primary contributors to the Oil, Gas, & Geothermal Mining and Coal & Lignite Mining sectors. Conversely, household consumption has the most significant impact on the other sectors. Crucially, the study reveals that the effect of a region's final demand on the output of another region is not directly correlated with geographical proximity. This insight leads to the recommendation that energy supply procurement policies should consider other regions' demands and economic developments, particularly those substantially influencing output enhancement.

Enigma of Nickel Export Ban: Understanding Its Impact through Input-Output Analysis

The nickel ore export ban policy has drawn pros and cons in various circles. This study aims to analyze the impact of the nickel ore export ban on other sectors of the economy and the interrelationship between one sector and another. This study uses secondary data in the form of Indonesia's Input Output Table Total Transactions at Basic Prices in 2016 derived from BPS publications and data on the number of Ferro-nickel exports in 2020 derived from UNData publications, which are then analyzed using the input-output method and presented using descriptive quantitative analysis. Based on the research results, electricity and gas procurement are the economic sectors with the most significant backward linkage. In contrast, the manufacturing sector achieves the most significant forward linkage value. In addition, the electricity and gas procurement sector also has the most significant output multiplier value, followed by the construction and manufacturing sectors. The increase in Ferro-Nickel exports due to the nickel ore export ban has considerably impacted the economy regarding both domestic and import output, especially in the manufacturing industry sector. Thus, nickel ore processing activities depend on capital goods and other imported raw materials. The study's implication shows that the export of Ferro-Nickel as part of the mining and quarrying sector impacts the output of other sectors to increase overall economic growth.

ANALISIS POTENSI EKONOMI KABUPATEN SUMBAWA TAHUN 2016-2021

This study aims to determine the potential of the economic sector which can be used as a base or superior economic sector in Sumbawa Regency District. This study used a descriptive method with the type of data used was quantitative data in the form of Gross Regional Domestic Product of Sumbawa District data for 2016-2021 from all existing economic sectors. This data was obtained from published documents or archives of the Sumbawa District Central Statistics Agency. The data analysis tool used was the analysis technique of location quotient (LQ) analysis, shift share analysis, and klassen typological Analysis. Based on the results of the LQ analysis, it shows that there are seven economic sectors in Sumbawa Regency which have an LQ value greater than 1 (>1) so that they can be used as base or superior sectors in Sumbawa District, but there are only four economic sectors in Sumbawa District those in quadrant I, namely sectors that are relatively advanced and growing rapidly (developed sectors), are the agriculture, forestry and fisheries sectors; electricity and gas procurement sector; wholesale and retail trade sector, car and motorbike repair; and the government administration, defense and mandatory social security sectors. These sectors have a very large contribution in forming Sumbawa District GRDP and if managed well these sectors will continue to be growing sectors in the future.

Optimal operation of coordinated multi-carrier energy hubs for integrated electricity and gas networks

"In the field of energy supply, coordinated multi-carrier systems, which include natural gas and electric energy, offer unique opportunities to enhance energy efficiency and flexibility. Nevertheless, the interdependence between electricity and natural gas networks poses various challenges related to the flow of electricity and gas in feeders, pipes, and connection points. To address these challenges, the concept of an energy hub emerges as an essential component in multi-carrier energy systems, serving as a connection point between the electricity grid and gas grids. This study introduces an optimal operation method for coordinating gas and electricity distribution networks through interconnected energy hubs. The infrastructure of the proposed energy hub comprises a combined heat and power unit, a boiler, an electric energy storage system, a heat pump, and a gas-burning unit, effectively meeting heating and electrical load requirements. The model formulation follows a stochastic approach based on a two-stage scenario. Considering uncertainties related to wind energy, electric load, and real-time energy prices, the primary objective of this study is to minimize the total operating cost of the energy system. The optimization problem is solved using Wall's optimization algorithm. To meet its energy requirements, the integrated energy system presented in this paper actively participates in the real and daily electric energy markets, as well as the natural gas market, providing the necessary energy resources. Additionally, the model incorporates realistic descriptions of electric power and gas flow in feeders and gas pipelines, considering AC load distribution and the Weymouth equation. With consideration of connectivity constraints, the proposed model offers a comprehensive representation of the integrated electricity and gas networks. The simulations conducted on the integrated energy system, comprising a 33-bus electric network and a 6-node gas network with interconnected energy hubs, highlight a remarkable 12 % decrease in electricity purchase costs and a substantial 18 % reduction in natural gas procurement expenses, underscoring the cost-efficiency and effectiveness of the stochastic planning approach.

Sektor Unggulan Dan Pertumbuhan Ekonomi: Studi Kasus Kota Padangsidimpuan

Leading sectors are expected to be able to overcome economic development problems with economic growth rates. The aim of this research is to find out what sectors are the leading sectors in Padangsidimpuan City and to find out how the growth of these leading sectors influences the level of economic growth in Padangsidimpuan City. The type of data used in this research is secondary data obtained from the Padangsidimpuan City Central Statistics Agency and the North Sumatra Province Central Statistics Agency. The results of this research are based on Location Quotient (LQ) analysis, Dynamic Location Quotient (DLQ) analysis, Growth Ratio Model (MRP), and Shift Share analysis, there are four sectors which are the leading sectors in Padangsidimpuan City, namely the electricity and gas procurement sector; wholesale and retail trade sector, car and motorbike repair; transportation and warehousing sector; as well as the accommodation and food and drink provision sector. Based on the results of simultaneous multiple linear regression analysis, leading sectors have a significant influence on the level of economic growth in Padangsidimpuan City. Partially, the electricity and gas procurement sector has a positive and insignificant effect on the level of economic growth. Partially, the wholesale and retail trade sectors; car and motorbike repairs have a positive and insignificant effect on the level of economic growth. Partially, the transportation and warehousing sectors have a positive and significant effect on economic growth. Partially, the accommodation and food and drink provision sector has a negative and insignificant effect on economic growth.
 
 Keywords: GDP, leading Sectors, Economic Growth

RELATIONSHIP OF THE MINING SECTOR TO THE ELECTRICITY AND GAS PROCUREMENT SECTOR IN WEST PAPUA PROVINCE USING INPUT OUTPUT ANALYSIS

Linkage analysis is a method used to understand the economic structure of a region. This analysis can also be used to figure out how much influence a sector has on other sectors based on the input and output tables for each sector. This research was conducted to analyze the forward and backward linkages of the mining and quarrying sector to the electricity and gas procurement sector in West Papua Province, both directly and indirectly. The data used in this research is sourced from the West Papua Province Input Output Table Domestic Transactions Based on Producer Prices 2016 Updated 2021. The method used in this research is a descriptive quantitative method. From the results of this research, it was found that the value of backward linkages in the mining and quarrying sector was more significant than the value of forward linkages, both directly and indirectly, to the electricity and gas procurement sector. Thus, the mining and quarrying sector requires more output from the electricity and gas procurement sector as input, compared to the electricity and gas procurement sector's need for the output of the mining and quarrying sector.

Analisis Sektor Unggulan Sebagai Daya Saing Dalam Pembangunan Wilayah Kabupaten

The basic sectors or leading sectors of a region need to be explored optimally to increase economic competitiveness. Measuring competitiveness can be done by identifying basic sectors, Shift-Share analysis and also Klassen typology analysis. The aim of this research is to analyze the leading sectors in Purbalingga Regency based on Gross Regional Domestic Product (GRDP) data in order to obtain basic sectors, classification of economic growth and changes and shifts in the economic structure. This research is a quantitative research using Location Quotient (LQ) analysis tools, Shift-Share analysis and Klassen Typology analysis. The result is that based on the LQ analysis, there are three superior out of fourteen superior GRDP sectors, namely the Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries sectors, the Mining and Excavation sector and the Water Supply, Waste Management, Waste and Recycling sectors. Furthermore, the five sectors that are included in the advanced and rapidly growing sector include the Transportation and Warehousing sector, the Government Administration, Defense and Mandatory Social Security sectors, the Mining and Quarrying sector, the Education Services sector and the Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries sectors. The results of the Shift-Share analysis show that there are six sectors that fall into the basic category which is superior, namely the Construction sector, the Electricity and Gas Procurement sector, the Transportation and Warehousing sector, the Accommodation and Food and Drink Provision sector, the Health Services and Social Activities sector and the Other Services sector

Analysis Of Leading Economic Sectors In Pekanbaru City

Identification of leading sectors in an area is the first step in determining a strategic area as an economic center. This identification is carried out using the Location Quotient (LQ), Dynamic Location Quotient (DLQ), Shift-Share and Klassen Typology methods. The data used in this study are Gross Regional Domestic Product (GRDP) data from the city of Pekanbaru and Riau Province from 2016 to 2020. The data collection process was carried out using secondary data obtained from the Central Statistics Agency for Pekanbaru City and the Central Statistics Agency for Riau Province. Based on the research results, there are three leading sectors in the city of Pekanbaru, namely the electricity and gas procurement sector, the information and communication sector, the health services sector and social activities. The government's attention can be directed to these leading sectors in order to encourage economic growth in the city of Pekanbaru.

Study of Economic Structure and Leading Sectors in South Bengkulu Regency

This research was conducted with the aim of knowing the economic structure of South Bengkulu Regency and what sectors will be the leading sectors so that the sector produces benefits for the development of the economic sector in the region. The research was conducted in South Bengkulu Regency. South Bengkulu has a GRDP that is relatively larger than other districts. This is an indication that this district has an economic advantage when compared to other districts. The data used in this study are secondary data from 2017 – 2021. The basic data used are data on GDP and economic growth This study uses LQ, DLQ, Shiftshare, and combination (overlay) analysis. The results of research in agriculture, forestry, and fisheries (A) have the highest value ranging from 32.54% to 34.30% in the economic structure of GDP on the basis of constant prices and prevailing prices. The field of Electricity and Gas Procurement (D) produces the smallest benefit to GDP, which ranges from 0.08% - 0.10%. The results of LQ, DLQ, and Shiftshare analysis show that there are 7 sectors in South Bengkulu Regency that have positive values. This means that the sector has a high GDP value and has the potential to become a leading sector in the future.

Identification Of Leading Sectors In Batam: LQ, DLQ, and Shift-Share Analysis

The purpose of this research is to find out which sector is the leading sector in Batam. This research uses LQ, DLQ, and Shift-share Analysis. LQ analysis shows that Processing Industry, Electricity and Gas Procurement, Water Supply, Waste Management, Waste and Recycling, Construction, Transportation and Warehousing, Accommodation, Drinking, and Food Provision, Information and Communication, and Financial and Insurance Services can fulfill domestic needs in Batam and export products from these sectors to other regions. Using DLQ, it is found that Agriculture, Forestry, and Fisheries have the potential for rapid growth and development. Using shift-share, Processing Industry, Construction, Information and Communication, and Financial and Insurance Services have rapid growth rates, good competitiveness, and are progressive. Based on these findings, it is expected that the Batam Government and the Head of BP Batam can focus development on these leading sectors, in order to drive economic growth.

ANALYSIS OF ECONOMIC STRUCTURE TRANSFORMATION IN EAST KUTAI DISTRICT EAST KALIMANTAN PROVINCE 2012-2022

High economic growth is a sign of good social welfare. The total added value generated by all business units in an area is known as GRDP. Meanwhile, existing resources can be simplified and focused on the growth of sectors that have multiple impacts on other sectors during the regional economic development process. This study aims to determine the potential of leading sectors, changes and shifts in industries, and the position of economic sectors based on their growth and contribution in East Kutai Regency for the 2012-2022 period. The techniques used are location quotient (LQ) analysis, shift share, and growth ratio model (MRP). This quantitative study used secondary data as time series of the Gross Regional Domestic Product (GRDP) of East Kutai Regency and East Kalimantan Province from 2012-2022. The results of the Location Quotient analysis show that the mining and quarrying sector is the basic sector in East Kutai Regency. Based on the results of the shift-share study of the seventeen economic sectors, progress has been rapid from year to year, so there has been a shift in the financial industry. The results of the analysis of the growth ratio model (MRP) show that the dominant growth sectors are the agriculture, forestry, and fisheries sectors, the electricity and gas procurement sector, the water supply sector, waste processing, waste, the construction sector, the wholesale and retail trade sector, the transportation and warehousing sector. Accommodation provision sector, information and communication sector, financial and insurance services sector, real estate sector, corporate services sector, government administration sector, education services sector, health services sector and social activities, and other service sectors

Ketimpangan dan Prospek Perekonomian di Pulau Sumatera

Sumatra Island is the third largest island in Indonesia which has extraordinary natural resource potential. Sumatra Island has 10 provinces which are the islands with the most provinces in Indonesia. Each province has different resources and geographical conditions so that inequality occurs with an uneven economy. This study aims to identify leading sectors and prospective sectors in each province in Sumatra. The analysis was carried out on economic inequality between provinces in Sumatra. This study uses the Location Quotient (LQ), Dynamic Location Quotient (DLQ) and Williamson Index (WI) approaches. The results showed that 10 provinces in the Sumatra region had 1 province experiencing high category inequality, 4 provinces experiencing medium category inequality, and 5 provinces experiencing low category inequality. In the LQ analysis it is known that the leading sector for the province in the Sumatra region is the agricultural sector; Forestry and Fisheries; Water Procurement; Waste disposal; Waste Management; Waste and Remediation; and Mining and Quarrying Sector. In the DLQ analysis it is known that each economic sector has prospects for development in the future. The sectors to be developed are Electricity and Gas Procurement; Wholesale and Retail Trade; and Car and Motorcycle Workshop. So that this research can be used as material for consideration and reference for local governments in making policies and synergizing in development in Sumatra