Gas Insulated Substation Equipment Research Articles

Ageing Model of Rubber O-Rings Used in Gas-Insulated Substation Equipment

Ageing Model of Rubber O-Rings Used in Gas-Insulated Substation Equipment

Accelerated Ageing Tests of Rubber O-rings for Gas-Insulated Substation Equipment

Accelerated Ageing Tests of Rubber O-rings for Gas-Insulated Substation Equipment

Discharge Analysis of 1100kV GIS Equipment in Lightning Impulse and Power Frequency Withstand Voltage

The fully enclosed combined electrical appliance gas insulated substation (GIS) is an important large-scale substation equipment, which has been widely used in power systems. In order to ensure the safe and reliable operation of this equipment, UHV GIS will conduct the text of lightning impulse and power frequency withstand before delivery of this equipment. In this paper, the method of vibration was used to analyze the lightning phenomenon caused by lightning impulse and partial discharge of 1100kV GIS equipment. Put forward the problems that should be paid attention to when installing GIS equipment, in order to provide reference for troubleshooting GIS equipment in the future.

Availability and Maintenance Modeling for GIS Equipment Served in High-Speed Railway Under Incomplete Maintenance

Gas-insulated substation (GIS) equipment served in the traction power-supply system (TPSS) of the high-speed railway (HSR) suffers from extremely severe traction load conditions during its lifetime. In this paper, three major issues related to the actual field maintenance operations of GIS equipment in TPSS are addressed: 1) $s$ -dependent degradation and shock process; 2) both spatial and temporal failure thresholds of shocks; and 3) incomplete maintenance (i.e., nonignorable maintenance time). To model the deterioration and failure process of GIS equipment, the hard failure model and the soft failure model are proposed. The characteristic function is utilized to bridge the s -dependent degradation and shock process in the soft failure model, while the extreme shock model (with spatial threshold) and $\delta $ -shock model (with temporal threshold) are introduced in the hard failure model. Furthermore, the index of availability, which combines both reliability and maintainability, is derived under the incomplete maintenance consideration. Based on the balance of availability and maintenance cost, the maintenance strategy with periodic inspections for GIS equipment in the long-run time span is developed. Optimizations of three decision parameters (i.e., inspection period, extreme shock threshold, and $\delta $ -shock threshold) are implemented to achieve the best performance (with high availability and low maintenance cost) of the maintenance strategy.

Failure Modeling and Maintenance Decision for GIS Equipment Subject to Degradation and Shocks

In the traction power supply system (TPSS) of the high-speed railway (HSR), the traction load produces extremely severe load conditions. Therefore, Gas insulated substation (GIS) equipment served in TPSS of HSR suffers from both progressive degradation and random shocks. In this paper, the failure model of GIS equipment is considered as a competing failure mode multiplied by these two failure mechanisms. The degradation process and the shock process are described by gamma process and compound Poisson process, respectively, based on their temporal and spatial randomness. Furthermore, the maintenance strategy for GIS equipment in long-run time span with periodic inspections is developed. Under comprehensive consideration of optimal reliability and economic efficiency, indices associated reliability and maintenance cost are defined to evaluate the maintenance strategy performance in long-run time span for GIS equipment. The analysis results in the case study show that the inspection period and the shock threshold, as two maintenance decision parameters, can be optimized to achieve both high reliability and low maintenance cost. The influences of failure model parameters on optimized maintenance strategy are also revealed.

Failure Modeling and Maintenance Decision for GIS Equipment Subject to Degradation and Shocks

In the traction power supply system (TPSS) of the high-speed railway (HSR), the traction load produces extremely severe load conditions. Therefore, Gas insulated substation (GIS) equipment served in TPSS of HSR suffers from both progressive degradation and random shocks. In this paper, the failure model of GIS equipment is considered as a competing failure mode multiplied by these two failure mechanisms. The degradation process and the shock process are described by gamma process and compound Poisson process, respectively, based on their temporal and spatial randomness. Furthermore, the maintenance strategy for GIS equipment in long-run time span with periodic inspections is developed. Under comprehensive consideration of optimal reliability and economic efficiency, indices associated reliability and maintenance cost are defined to evaluate the maintenance strategy performance in long-run time span for GIS equipment. The analysis results in the case study show that the inspection period and the shock threshold, as two maintenance decision parameters, can be optimized to achieve both high reliability and low maintenance cost. The influences of failure model parameters on optimized maintenance strategy are also revealed.

A novel algorithm for frequency dependent modeling of ferrite ring and its optimum design to study VFTO behaviors within GIS

One of the fundamental issues in gas insulated substations (GIS) which has destructive effects on GIS equipment is the very fast transient over-voltages (VFTOs). This paper models a 400/230 kV substation in order to study the effects of VFTO extensively implemented on EMTP-RV. In addition, the application of ferrite rings for suppressing VFTOs is assessed thoroughly. The main advantage of this paper is its new proposed algorithm according to the ferrite ring frequency dependent modeling that is validated with experimental results. This paper examines the effects of three compositions of the ferrite ring on VFTO suppression. Moreover, it estimates the dimension of the ferrite ring based on the SF6 gas insulation withstand and the maximum effect of ferrite rings on VFTO suppression constraint with the COMSOL multiphysics software. Furthermore, it gains VFTO attenuated percentages due to the installation of the ferrite ring in different GIS nodes. Finally, it analyzes the offered VFTO amendment technique in various GIS switching scenarios.

Optimization on the internal insulation system of gas‐insulated bushing for 1100‐kV GIS based on multiobjective optimization method

AbstractIn this paper, we first study the voltage and electric field distribution characteristics under the basic lightning impulse level (BIL) of 2400 kV by finite element method (FEM) calculation which are affected by the internal shielding structure of the gas‐insulated bushing for the 1100‐kV gas‐insulated substation (GIS). On this basis, four parameters of the shielding structure are determined to be the decision variables in the optimization process. Four electric field objective functions and four potential objective functions are also proposed. Using a multiobjective optimization method, we then construct an evaluation function with the eight objective functions mentioned above, which are used to evaluate the electric field and potential distribution synthetically. Furthermore, a combination of FEM and the evolution strategy is used to construct the stochastic optimization objective function with the multiobjective evaluation function. The electric field and potential distribution of the gas‐insulated bushing are greatly improved after optimization, and the electric field strength at key spots is effectively reduced. The insulation system of gas‐insulated bushing for 1100‐kV GIS designed by this method has passed type tests and worked well nearly 3 years. So, this optimization provides a constructive method and useful basis for the design of gas‐insulated bushings for 1100‐kV GIS and other electrical equipment. © 2013 Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

Arcing phenomena and their application for fault location in SF/sub 6/-insulated equipment

A system is presented for locating faults by measuring time lags in the propagation of gas pressure shock waves caused by ground faults in GIS (gas-insulated substation) and GIB (gas-insulated bus) equipment. For sensors, the system uses shock gas pressure relays of an optical signal transmission type. It is well designed, with few sensors, to locate faults with high accuracy. Also presented are results of an extensive arc test conducted on actual equipment when developing the system, and some applications of the system in substations are described.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>

Arcing Phenomena and the Application for Fault Location in SF6-Lnsulated Equipment

A system is presented for locating faults by measuring time lags in the propagation of gas pressure shock waves caused by ground faults in GIS (gas-insulated substation) and GIB (gas-insulated bus) equipment. For sensors, the system uses shock gas pressure relays of an optical signal transmission type. It is well designed, with few sensors, to locate faults with high accuracy. Also presented are results of an extensive arc test conducted on actual equipment when developing the system, and some applications of the system in substations are described. >

A Fast Response Impulse Voltage Measuring System for Testing of Gas Insulated Substations Equipment

A Fast Response Impulse Voltage Measuring System for Testing of Gas Insulated Substations Equipment

A Fast Response Impulse Voltage Measuring System for Testing of Gas Insulated Substations Equipment

The step response characteristics of a single-capacitor, differentiating-integrating (DI) measuring system are outlined. This system has an intrinsic response time less than 1 ns. The factors influencing this very fast response when the system is incorporated in a large size GIS component are discussed. Further results demonstrate the application of the system for measurements on a GIS component with steep front-chopped impulse voltage with a rate of rise up to 2 kV/ns. The very fast response and the simplicity of this system offer a powerful measuring technique for impulse testing and fast transient measurements in GIS systems.

Gas Insulated Substation Equipment for Industrial Applications

An electrical substation is an assembly of components used to direct the flow of electrical energy and, with interrupting and protective devices, to ensure the security of an electrical power system. Until recently the only available method for construction of high voltage systems was to use exposed air insulated equipment supported on porcelain columns. The past decade has witnessed the introduction and wide acceptance of compressed gas insulated equipment as a viable alternative to the conventional substation system. The characteristics of gas insulated substations (GIS) and their application for industrial use at service voltages at 69 kV and above are discussed.

A Solid State Gas Density Monitor for Gas Insulated Substation Equipment

A solid state gas density monitor has been developed for SF6 service in gas-insulated substation equipment that is based on principles and construction techniques similar to ionization-type fire alarms. The monitor has a resolution of .7kPa (.1 psi) at 20°C. and, depending on ion chamber voltage and geometry, exhibits a linearity of ±1. to ±4. kPa (±.15 to ±.6 psi) at 20°C. over the density range 0.20 to 0.66 MPa (30 to 95 psia) at 20°C. The monitor incorporates two level contact closure actuated by gas density falling below one of two pre-set alarm limits, and an LCD read-out for visual monitoring and instrument calibration. The display presents density in terms of equivalent psia at 68°F (20°C.).

A Solid State Gas Density Monitor for Gas Insulated Substation Equipment

A Solid State Gas Density Monitor for Gas Insulated Substation Equipment