GaInP Photonic Crystal Waveguide Research Articles

SOLITON PULSE ANALYSIS IN GaInP PHOTONIC CRYSTAL WAVEGUIDE

Solitons are nonlinear waves that remain invariant as they propagate. Precise control of dispersion and nonlinear effects govern soliton propagation. In recent years Photonic crystals (PhCs) have attracted a great deal of attention due to the facility to engineer and enhance both their nonlinear and dispersive effects. In this article we show soliton pulse analysis in GaInP Photonic Crystal Waveguides using AUTO bifurcation analysis tool. We have demonstrated pulse compression at moderately slow velocities in GaInP Photonic Crystal Waveguides. This is enabled by the enhanced self phase modulation and strong negative group velocity dispersion in the Photonic Crystal Waveguides.

Chip-scale parametric amplifier with 11 dB gain at 1550 nm based on a slow-light GaInP photonic crystal waveguide

We report on a chip scale parametric amplifier based on a GaInP photonic crystal waveguide. The amplifier operates with both pump and signal in the 1550nm wavelength range and offers an on-chip gain of 11dB (5dB including the 6dB coupling losses) when pumped at only 800mW. It enables us, therefore, to incorporate the many advantages of parametric amplification within photonic chips for optical communication applications.

Narrowband optical parametric gain in slow mode engineered GaInP photonic crystal waveguides

We predict narrowband parametric amplification in dispersion-tailored photonic crystal waveguides made of gallium indium phosphide. We use a full-vectorial model including the dispersive nature both of the nonlinear response and of the propagation losses. An analytical formula for the gain is also derived.

Sub-picosecond pulse generation using hybrid silicon and GaInP waveguides

In this paper, a method for generating ultra-short optical pulses in the sub-picosecond regime is presented and numerically demonstrated using a nonlinear nanoporous silicon waveguide followed by a Mach-Zehnder interferometer configuration based on the GaInP photonic crystal waveguide. Research results show that an optimal output pulse with sub-picosecond time duration can be achieved from ~16.65-ps input pulses by selecting suitable system parameters such as initial intensity and waveguide length which will significantly influence the optical properties of the output pulse, including its time domain waveform, frequency spectrum, and phase chirp. The time duration of the corresponding autocorrelation trace can also reach as little as ~1.0-ps at the end of the device.

Efficient parametric interactions in a low loss GaInP photonic crystal waveguide

We describe time domain characterizations of dynamic four-wave mixing in a low loss modified W1 GaInP photonic crystal waveguide. Using 32 ps wide pump pulses with peak powers of up to 1.1 W we achieved a very large conversion efficiency of -6.8 dB as well as a 1.3 dB parametric gain experienced by a weak CW probe signal. Time domain simulations confirm quantitatively all the measured results.

Observation of parametric gain due to four-wave mixing in dispersion engineered GaInP photonic crystal waveguides

We investigate four-wave mixing (FWM) in GaInP 1.5 mm long dispersion engineered photonic crystal waveguides. We demonstrate an 11 nm FWM bandwidth in the CW mode and a conversion efficiency of -24 dB in the quasi-CW mode. For picosecond pump and probe pulses, we report a 3 dB parametric gain and nearly a -5 dB conversion efficiency at watt-level peak pump powers.

Time domain switching / demultiplexing using four wave mixing in GaInP photonic crystal waveguides

We describe dynamical four wave mixing (FWM) functionalities of an GaInP photonic crystal waveguide. A W1 waveguide was used to wavelength convert 100 ps pulses and for sampling a 10.56 Gbit/s data stream so as to time demultiplex it into 16 or 32 channels. In all cases, the extracted pulses at the idler wavelength are undistorted and have a high signal to noise ratio proving the high efficiency and the versatility of the FWM process in the GaInP PhC waveguides we used.

Highly efficient four wave mixing in GaInP photonic crystal waveguides

We report highly efficient four wave mixing in a GaInP photonic crystal waveguide. Owing to its large bandgap, the ultrafast Kerr nonlinearity of GaInP is not diminished by two photon absorption and related carrier effects for photons in the 1550 nm range. A four-wave-mixing efficiency of -49 dB was demonstrated for cw pump and probe signals in the milliwatt range, while for pulsed pumps with a peak power of 25 mW the conversion efficiency increased to -36 dB. Measured conversion efficiency dependencies on pump probe detuning and on pump power are in excellent agreement with a simple analytical model from which the nonlinear parameter gamma is extracted. Gamma scales approximately with the square of the slow down factor and varies from 800 W(-1) m(-1) at a pump wavelength lambda(p)=1532 nm to 2900 W(-1) m(-1) at lambda(p)=1550 nm. These values are consistent with those obtained from self phase modulation experiments in similar devices.

Resonance enhanced large third order nonlinear optical response in slow light GaInP photonic-crystal waveguides

We report a large nonlinear response in a 1.3mm long GaInP photonic crystal waveguide. The wide band gap of GaInP (1.9 eV) ensures that no two photon absorption takes place for photons at 1.55mm improving the nonlinear performance. The nonlinearity is enhanced by a resonance effect due to the waveguide end facet reflectivities as well as by the low group velocity exhibited by the waveguide. A low CW input pump power of approximately 2mW causes a very large change in the nonlinear refractive index coefficient which manifests itself in a large, approximately p /3 phase shift in the Fabry Perot fringes. The extracted effective nonlinear coefficient g varies from 3.4 x 105W-1m-1 at short wavelengths to 2.2 x 106W-1m-1 near the band edge. These values are several orders of magnitude larger than those obtained in reported nonlinear experiments which exploit the Kerr effect. We postulate therefore that the observed nonlinearity is due to a hybrid phenomenon which combines the Kerr effect and an index change which is induced by local heating that results from the residual linear absorption. The efficient nonlinear phase shift was also exploited in a fast dynamic experiment where we demonstrated wavelength conversion with 100ps wide pulses proving the potential for switching functionalities at multi GHz rates. The index change required for this switching experiment can not be obtained, at the power levels used here, with a g value of a few thousands W-1m-1 which is a typical Kerr coefficient in similar waveguides. Hence, we conclude that the hybrid nonlinearity is sufficiently fast to enable switching with a time scale of at least 100ps.