Fundamental Geographic Information Research Articles

Identification and integration of ventilation corridors in Shijiazhuang City, China

The construction of a ventilation corridor network is of great significance for alleviating the urban heat island effect, controlling air pollution, and improving environmental problems. Based on the "source–sink" theory and climatology, this study has developed the identification model for ventilation corridors and the evaluation model for the significance of ventilation corridors. Focusing on Shijiazhuang City as the study area, we integrated meteorological data, remote sensing, and fundamental geographic information to study the distribution characteristics of resistance surfaces, the delineation of source areas, the assessment of ventilation corridor potential, and the amalgamation of the ventilation corridor distribution pattern across various scales. The results showed the following: (1) In Shijiazhuang City, a comprehensive assessment identified a total of 55 supply–type sources and 20 demand–type sources. 19 ventilation corridors were identified in winter, with a commensurate count of 20 in summer. In the urban district of Shijiazhuang City, 42 supply–type sources and 24 demand–type sources underwent screening, leading to the identification of 27 ventilation corridors in both summer and winter. (2) Through a process of amalgamating and streamlining ventilation corridors with superior connectivity in both winter and summer, we identified and designated seven first–level ventilation corridors and six second–level corridors within the regional area. Similarly, within the urban district, ten first–level ventilation corridors and six second–level ventilation corridors were singled out. This selection serves as a preliminary establishment of the spatial configuration, delineating "five horizontal and eight vertical" ventilation corridors in Shijiazhuang City (regional area) and "seven horizontal and seven vertical" ventilation corridors in the urban district. Finally, leveraging geospatial analysis tools facilitated the seamless connection of ventilation corridors across different scales. These research results furnish a theoretical framework for urban planning, offering a valuable reference in the determination of ventilation corridors.

Pengembangan Budaya Literasi Membaca Al- Quran Di SMK PAB 1 Helvetia dan SMK PAB 2 Helvetia

Currently, the instruction of Al-Qur'an Hadith in classes X at SMK PAB 1 Helvetia and SMK PAB 2 Helvetia lacks the utilization of diverse instructional media, resulting in decreased student motivation towards learning. The objective of this project is to create educational media for Android devices and assess the viability of this media for learning purposes. This study employs the ADDIE development paradigm, which consists of five stages: analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation. The study was carried out at SMK PAB 1 Helvetia and SMK PAB 2 Helvetia, involving a total of 20 participants, from August to October 2022. The objective of the study was to assess the viability of the Android-based educational media that had been produced. The data gathering process encompassed many methods, including observation, questionnaires, validation, and testing. The data was subsequently subjected to analysis by converting the mean score into a percentage. The objective of the trial was to ascertain the students' reactions towards educational media. The findings indicated that the utilization of Android-based learning media for high school students in the context of fundamental geographic information system content was deemed highly valid. The media validation yielded a score of 80.5%, while the material validation yielded a score of 80.34%. The findings from the student response trials indicate a high level of interest among students in the learning medium employed, as evidenced by a practicality value of 82.5% in the small group and 83.5% in the big group

A Two-Step Block Adjustment Method for DSM Accuracy Improvement with Elevation Control of ICESat-2 Data

Digital surface models (DSMs) have been widely utilized in various applications as fundamental geographic information data. Block adjustment is normally performed on satellite images to enhance the geometric accuracy and DSMs are then generated by stereo mapping. However, new errors may be introduced during the stereo mapping processing and geometric discrepancies between DSMs may still exist. In particular, block adjustment is difficult for multisource satellite images. Therefore, this paper presents a two-step block adjustment approach directly performed on DSMs, with high-accuracy ICESat-2 laser altimetry data used as elevation control. In the method, DSM tie-point matching, elevation control/check point selection from ICESat-2 laser points, and planar and elevation block adjustments are performed in sequence. In the experiments, ZY-3 satellite stereo images and corresponding generated DSMs, as well as SRTM and ALOS DSMs, are used for verification. The experimental results show that the absolute elevation accuracy and the relative geometric consistency of the DSMs are both significantly improved after two-step DSM block adjustment and it can efficiently improve the accuracy, not only for DSMs acquired by the same sensor type, but also for DSMs acquired by different sensor types, which demonstrates the feasibility and advantage of the proposed method.

DYNAMIC UPDATING METHOD OF GEOSPATIAL DATABASE WITH INCREMENTAL DATA

Abstract. With the rapid development of computer technology and Geographic Information System (GIS), geospatial data are commonly stored and managed in the geospatial database. And geospatial data are widely used in government decision-making, environmental protection, scientific research, and national defence construction. The frequency of geospatial database updating is getting higher and higher due to economic and social development. In this paper, dynamic updating method of geospatial database with the incremental data is proposed, which means only changed features are updated into the geospatial database. Features that have not changed are not updated. This method can greatly improve the efficiency of database update. It has been applied into dynamic updating of national fundamental geographic information database of China. This database has been updated and published once a year. The current situation of data is improved continuously. It can provide more reliable data guarantee for national economic construction and social development. In the future, there will be further optimization of the dynamic updating method. We also hope more and more geospatial database can be updated by this method.

RESEARCH ON QUALITY TESTING AND EVALUATION TECHNOLOGY OF FUNDAMENTAL GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION DATABASE SYSTEM

Abstract. The extensive application of fundamental geographic information data in various industries makes it play an increasingly important role in national economic construction and social development. As a fundamental geographic information database construction project with data and database management system as its core, quality testing and evaluation is the key link and means for measuring database suitability and system application success or failure. This paper proposes a set of fundamental geographic information database system quality model, conducts research on quality testing techniques and methods, and establishes a quality evaluation system, which has been applied in national and provincial basic geographic information database systems.

The China ZY3-03 Mission: Surveying and Mapping Technology for High-Resolution Remote Sensing Satellites

The <i>ZiYuan3</i> (<i>ZY3</i>) is a civilian stereo surveying and mapping satellite from China operating under the framework of the Earth resources satellite series, and its objective is to fulfill 1:50,000 mapping and update largerscale fundamental geographic information products. This article introduces the <i>ZY3-03</i> satellite's mission and payload specifications as well as its data utilization and distribution policy. In the future, the <i>ZY3-03</i> will realize the demands of China's national economic and social development and play an important role in the fields of Earth observation and environmental protection.

RESEARCH ON ACCURACY EVALUATION METHOD BASED ON THE RESULT OF IMAGE CORRECTION AT 10000-SCENES CLASS

Abstract. In the project of National Fundamental Geographic Information Database Updating, the high-qualified orthorectification to a bulk of remote sensing images are the foundations that guarantee the reliable geographic information for national economic construction and social developments. Therefore, quality control for orthorectification, as a crucial step during remote sensing, is of great significance. Basically, the image orthorectification have been achieved by automatic matching of millions of frame-referenced images. In this paper, a make-to-measure method is devised with improvement in the way of sampling and plane precision evaluation. The improved method is verified through nine 1:1million scenes across the nation. Stratified sampling is deployed according to the topographical features and locations geo-information is collected referring to the digital orthorectification model (DOM) results of geographical conditions Monitoring in 2017. The results show that the root mean square errors (RMSEs) calculated by improved methods described in this paper are highly consistent with the RMSEs that are calculated by automatic image matching, which means the improved method can adequately evaluate the nationwide accuracy of image correction and enable to provide reference and instruction for the large-scale, 10000-scenes class quality assurance of the image correction.

An Algorithm of Automatic Administrative Region Index Map Generation for National-level Map Production

Abstract. Since the project of dynamic updating of national fundamental geographic information database was launched, National Geomatics Center of China has published the newest version of multi-scale databases, derived databases and subdivision maps once a year. As one of the derived cartographic databases, administrative region index database allows users to find maps covering their regions of interest quickly by input the name or number of the relevant map. Due to the boundaries or attributes of some administrative regions may often change, updating of administrative region index database is necessary. To improve efficiency and quality in the national-level map production and database construction, an algorithm of administrative region index map automatic generalization has been proposed in this paper to replace the traditional manual production lines, which are time-consuming and uncontrollable in quality. The method goes in depth with handling coordinate recognition error accumulation and residue lines caused by the clip.

DESIGN AND ESTABLISHMENT OF QUALITY MODEL OF FUNDAMENTAL GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION DATABASE

Abstract. In order to make the quality evaluation for the Fundamental Geographic Information Databases(FGIDB) more comprehensive, objective and accurate, this paper studies and establishes a quality model of FGIDB, which formed by the standardization of database construction and quality control, the conformity of data set quality and the functionality of database management system, and also designs the overall principles, contents and methods of the quality evaluation for FGIDB, providing the basis and reference for carry out quality control and quality evaluation for FGIDB. This paper designs the quality elements, evaluation items and properties of the Fundamental Geographic Information Database gradually based on the quality model framework. Connected organically, these quality elements and evaluation items constitute the quality model of the Fundamental Geographic Information Database. This model is the foundation for the quality demand stipulation and quality evaluation of the Fundamental Geographic Information Database, and is of great significance on the quality assurance in the design and development stage, the demand formulation in the testing evaluation stage, and the standard system construction for quality evaluation technology of the Fundamental Geographic Information Database.

THE DESIGN AND PRODUCT OF NATIONAL 1:1000000 CARTOGRAPHIC DATA OF TOPOGRAPHIC MAP

National administration of surveying, mapping and geoinformation started to launch the project of national fundamental geographic information database dynamic update in 2012. Among them, the 1:50000 database was updated once a year, furthermore the 1:250000 database was downsized and linkage-updated on the basis. In 2014, using the latest achievements of 1:250000 database, comprehensively update the 1:1000000 digital line graph database. At the same time, generate cartographic data of topographic map and digital elevation model data. This article mainly introduce national 1:1000000 cartographic data of topographic map, include feature content, database structure, Database-driven Mapping technology, workflow and so on.

THE DESIGN AND PRODUCT OF NATIONAL 1:1000000 CARTOGRAPHIC DATA OF TOPOGRAPHIC MAP

Abstract. National administration of surveying, mapping and geoinformation started to launch the project of national fundamental geographic information database dynamic update in 2012. Among them, the 1:50000 database was updated once a year, furthermore the 1:250000 database was downsized and linkage-updated on the basis. In 2014, using the latest achievements of 1:250000 database, comprehensively update the 1:1000000 digital line graph database. At the same time, generate cartographic data of topographic map and digital elevation model data. This article mainly introduce national 1:1000000 cartographic data of topographic map, include feature content, database structure, Database-driven Mapping technology, workflow and so on.

The Design of Data Disaster Recovery of National Fundamental Geographic Information System

Abstract. With the development of information technology, data security of information system is facing more and more challenges. The geographic information of surveying and mapping is fundamental and strategic resource, which is applied in all areas of national economic, defence and social development. It is especially vital to national and social interests when such classified geographic information is directly concerning Chinese sovereignty. Several urgent problems that needs to be resolved for surveying and mapping are how to do well in mass data storage and backup, establishing and improving the disaster backup system especially after sudden natural calamity accident, and ensuring all sectors rapidly restored on information system will operate correctly. For overcoming various disaster risks, protect the security of data and reduce the impact of the disaster, it’s no doubt the effective way is to analysis and research on the features of storage and management and security requirements, as well as to ensure that the design of data disaster recovery system suitable for the surveying and mapping. This article analyses the features of fundamental geographic information data and the requirements of storage management, three site disaster recovery system of DBMS plan based on the popular network, storage and backup, data replication and remote switch of application technologies. In LAN that synchronous replication between database management servers and the local storage of backup management systems, simultaneously, remote asynchronous data replication between local storage backup management systems and remote database management servers. The core of the system is resolving local disaster in the remote site, ensuring data security and business continuity of local site. This article focuses on the following points: background, the necessity of disaster recovery system, the analysis of the data achievements and data disaster recovery plan. Features of this program is to use a hardware-based data hot backup, and remote online disaster recovery support for Oracle database system. The achievement of this paper is in summarizing and analysing the common characteristics of disaster of surveying and mapping business system requirements, while based on the actual situation of the industry, designed the basic GIS disaster recovery solutions, and we also give the conclusions about key technologies of RTO and RPO.

An Entropy-Based Weighted Concept Lattice for Merging Multi-Source Geo-Ontologies

To deal with the complexities associated with the rapid growth in a merged concept lattice, a formal method based on an entropy-based weighted concept lattice (EWCL) is proposed as a mechanism for merging multi-source geographic ontologies (geo-ontologies). First, formal concept analysis (FCA) is used to formalize different term-based representations in relation to the geographic domain, and to construct a merged formal context. Second, a weighted concept lattice (WCL) is applied to reduce the merged concept lattice, based on information entropy and a deviance analysis. The entropy of the attribute set is exploited to acquire the intent weight value, and the standard deviation contributes to computing the intent importance deviance value, according to the user preferences and interests. Some nodes of the merged concept lattice are then removed if their intent weights are lower than the intent importance thresholds specified by the user. Finally, experiments were conducted by combining fundamental geographic information data and spatial data in the hydraulic engineering domain from China. The results indicate that the proposed method is feasible and valid for reducing the complexities associated with the merging of geo-ontologies. Although there are still some problems in the application, the manuscript offers a new approach for the merging of geo-ontologies.

QUALITY ASSESSMENT – EXAMPLE OF DIGITAL PRODUCTS OF FUNDAMENTAL GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION OF CHINA

Abstract. Digital products of fundamental geographic information are the main components of Digital China Geo-spatial Framework (DCGSF for short). More and more mass data were produced and distributed to various users by different agencies and organizations with continuous implementation of fundamental surveying and mapping activities and various specified projects within national Administration of Surveying, Mapping &amp;amp; Geoinformation. Therefore, what about the description and quality assessment used for these products will directly effect the acquisition, delivery, share, and application of data. A quality model, by which quality is assessed through 3 levels of classification of quality elements, quality subelements, and check items, was built in this paper based on ISO 19113 and ISO 19114 so that to make the quality of digital products of fundamental geographic information to be assessed reasonably, and to make the quality assessment tools to be operable in practice. Quality assessment methods respectively for each of quality elements, quality subelements, and check items are presented. Fundamental data of Digital Line Graphs, Digital Elevation Models, Digital Orthophoto Maps, and Digital Raster Maps at the scale of 1:50,000 in DCGSF were used as examples to determine the quality of 9 quality elements, 24 quality subelements, and 68 check items considering the contents and the requirements of various users for these data, as well as the practical experiences in quality assessment. 300 DLGs selected from national key projects of surveying and mapping engineering were used for testing to validate the operability of the results mentioned in this paper. Random sampling is used, when sampling, for each layer, which is layered based on production unit and level of difficulty. Quality checking and quality assessment, and statistical analysis was done for samples in terms of item product and lot products respectively. The results from this test indicated that quality model and quality assessment methods introduced in this paper is of good operability, and results from it are reasonably good. Finally, the quality model and quality assessment methods introduced in this paper is applied in the development of national standards.

QUALITY CONTROL OF "DLG AND MAP" PRODUCT

Abstract. The product of "DLGM" is a vector dataset of DLG and map, and is software independent, which is produced by our DLGM integrated technology system. This product has been included in the fundamental Geographic Information system (GIS), and confirmed by the mapping industry with its advantages of the integration, commonality, and multi-purpose. As a new kind product of digital map, it involves a large number of theoretical issues and technical problems. Specially, quality of product is a crucial problem in one of them. In our study, the basic framework of DLGM product is given firstly. And then we talk about quality control method and mechanisms in the production process, which involved dynamic modelling based on the topological map model, data dictionary and "DLG and Map" integration template. The core task of this process is the consistency of maps and its corresponding geographic information. The rule of the process ensures the data quality in aspects of products design, manufacturing process method, tools, quality testing, application and data exchange. In recent years of practical application, a number of provincial fundamental DLGM products were produced by our DLGM integrated technology system, which has passed the existing quality standard authentication. It proved factually that the product quality control theory and technology which is adopted in our system is effective and feasible. At present, the technology and quality control method has been playing an important role in DLGM products.

THE APPLICATION PROSPECT OF SMALL SATELLITES IN CYBER BEIJING

Characterized by short development period as well as strong function and agility, small satellites have been increasingly used in such fields as communication and remote sensing. In the construction of cyber Beijing, small satellites will serve as an important means to update fundamental geographic information and provide a new approach to practical applications such as supervising the city construction and inspecting the environmental change.

Design of Field Practice Teaching Informatization Platform for Geosciences Related Majors: a Case from Liujiachang Practice Teaching Base, Yangtze University

Informatization is an inevitable trend of higher education development. The Practice teaching is an important link of talents training of geosciences related majors. In this paper, we have discussed the purpose of constructing field Practice teaching informatization platform (FPTIP) in geosciences related majors, investigated the major contents of the FPTIP, and established the frame of the FPTIP, which is composed of four application systems, that is, the field geological mapping system, the fundamental geographic information system, the practice teaching achievements visualization management system, and the geological and geographic information 3D visualization system. Then, we have also conducted function design of the application systems. Finally, taking the construction of the FPTIP of Yangtze University as an example, we have preliminarily developed an informatization practice teaching platform, which integrates multiple functions, including the field geological mapping, the acquisition and processing of geographic information, and 3D visualization display and management of practice teaching achievements, and provides an informatization platform for the cultivating creative professionals of geosciences related major.