In this paper, a novel approach is proposed to determine instantaneous fundamental frequency (IFF) of speech signals. In the proposed method, the detected voiced speech signals are filtered into low frequency range (LFR) and divided into smaller segments. Further, the fundamental frequency components (FFCs) of each segment of the LFR filtered voiced signals have been obtained using the variational mode decomposition method used in iterative way with suitable convergence criteria. In order to determine IFF, the Hilbert transform and smoothing operation have been applied on the obtained FFC. The FFC is obtained by concatenating all the extracted FFCs corresponding to each LFR filtered voiced speech segment. The performance of the proposed method has been evaluated in different databases and also compared with some other existing methods in the presence of white, babble, and vehicular noises with different signal to noise ratios.