Functioning Of Special Economic Zones Research Articles

Special economic zones of industrial and production type: Main trends and directions of development (the SEZ "Togliatti" case study)

Subject. The article investigates the impact of industrial-type special economic zones on the development of the region. Objectives. The purpose of the study was to conduct a statistical analysis of the main indicators of the activity of industrial and production special economic zones, identify benefits for their residents. Methods. I employed methods of comparative and dynamic analysis, multivariate nonparametric analysis. Results. The study examines conditions for the functioning of special economic zones. The paper presents a rating of industrial and production special economic zones based on integral assessment of their performance efficiency, which I proposed. According to the rating, the special economic zone "Togliatti" is among Top 5. Its main directions of development include attracting new residents, developing infrastructure, improving investment appeal. To implement the latter direction, the experience of establishing tax rates and rental benefits for residents of special economic zones, occupying higher positions in the compiled rating, can be applied. Conclusions. Special economic zones form the basis for successful socio-economic regional development. The Samara region has significant potential for economic growth in the special economic zone.

Assessing the Feasibility of Establishing special Economic Zones: Geo-economic Mapping Method

The purpose of the study is to systematize factors of successful and sustainable functioning of special economic zones, as well as to develop tools to map of zones on a map of a country with the competitive advantages of individual territories identified therein in order to make recommendations for improving the zonal policy. The relevance of the study is due to the fact that in the context of global shocks, a special preferential regime, flexible governance models of special economic zones are not determinants of their successful application in order to promote national investment strategies. The geo-economic advantages of the territories within which the special economic zones operate come to the fore. Such advantages are the basis for the formation of poles of economic, commercial, industrial and innovative growth. The use of methods of theoretical (analysis, synthesis, generalization) and empirical (comparison, measurement) research allowed the authors to reveal the content of effects associated with the functioning of special zones, to highlight the problems of their measurement; to generalize the features of preferential regimes of Russia; to systematize the geo-economic factors of successful and sustainable operation of special zones. The method of geo-economic mapping was used to identify the correspondence between the competitive advantages of territories and special zones created within their borders. As a result, it is proposed to classify key geo-economic factors that determine the potential successful functioning of special zones into three groups: spatial, economic and organizational. These groups of factors, according to the authors, should be considered in terms of formation and retention of geo-economic advantages: general, caused by public management and specialized. The method of geo-economic mapping identifies regions whose special zones correspond to the level of development of the identified geo-economic advantages, as well as those whose conditions are most likely not to maximize the effect of the special zones localized in their territory. It is recommended to establish a system for monitoring the conformity of specialization of regions with the profile of special economic zones established within their borders.

Robustness analysis for imprecise additive value efficiency analysis with an application to evaluation of special economic zones in Poland

We introduce an algorithmic framework for investigating the robustness of efficiency analysis results in the presence of imprecise information about data and preferences. We employ an additive value efficiency model accepting ordinal and interval information about the performances of Decision Making Units and imprecision in the specification of input and output weights and the shapes of marginal value functions. We verify the stability of efficiency measures using a combination of mathematical programming and Monte Carlo simulations. The results capture various certainty levels, emphasizing the necessary, possible, extreme, and expected outcomes and the distribution of outcomes in the space of feasible weights, performances, and marginal functions. The practical usefulness of the proposed framework is demonstrated in a real-world problem concerning the functioning of Special Economic Zones in Poland. We discuss results that increase the discrimination power, indicate overall good performances, and provide hints on the required improvements.

ПУТИ ПОВЫШЕНИЯ ЭФФЕКТИВНОСТИ ОСОБЫХ ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКИХ ЗОН (НА ПРИМЕРЕ ОЭЗ «ТОМСК»)

This article discusses the institution of special economic zones. The relevance of the chosen topic lies in the fact that special economic zones created and operating in Russia play an important role in the state’s economy. The main problems of the functioning of special economic zones are identified, and ways to solve them are proposed. The directions for increasing the efficiency of the functioning of special economic zones in Russia and their possible development prospects are described. A conclusion summarizing the work and final proposals have been formulated.

Развитие взаимодействия государства и бизнеса в промышленности на примере особых экономических зон

The article considers the strategic priorities for the development of the Donetsk People’s Republic (DPR) as an industrial region. The need for new organizational forms in industrial production to increase production capital and attract technologies in order to give impetus to the implementation of the vector of industrial development of the Republic is substantiated. Using the example of special economic zones in the Russian Federation, the role of the state in intensifying industrial development, supporting the diversified economic structure of the new region and exiting the investment pause caused by the influence of the geopolitical situation on the economic state and reproductive processes is substantiated. In this article, the authors suggest an organizational and economic mechanism for the implementation of public-private partnerships in industry and identify promising sectors of industrial development for the new Russian region, which is the DPR. Studying the peculiarities of the functioning of special economic zones in the Russian economy will contribute to a deeper understanding of the republic’s integration processes in the sphere of industrial development.

Special economic zones of Kazakhstan as a tool to stimulate economic growth

This article is devoted to the study of the role of special economic zones (SEZ) in Kazakhstan as an effective tool for stimulating economic growth. The article analyzes the experience of functioning of special economic zones in Kazakhstan, reveals their main characteristics and advantages. The main attention is paid to the economic and social effects achieved through the creation and development of such zones. The impact of SEZs on industrial development, innovation activity, unemployment reduction and promotion of technological progress in the country is considered.

Creation of special (free) economic zones as the state stimulate development of some territories

The article is devoted to the study of the legal basis for the formation and functioning of special (free) economic zones. It is substantiated that the creation of a special (free) economic zone is an effective means of state stimulation of economic development of individual territories. The economic efficiency of the formation and functioning of special (free) economic zones is analyzed. It is established that important indicators of such efficiency are: reduction of unemployment in the respective territory, increase of investment income, development of production, etc.
 The author has identified some problematic aspects of the legal regulation of the formation and functioning of special (free) economic zones. In particular, on the basis of the analysis it was determined that the Tax Code of Ukraine and the Customs Code of Ukraine do not contain rules that determine the peculiarities of the tax and customs regimes in the territories of special (free) economic zones, and after the 2005 amendments to the Law of Ukraine "On General Principles" the creation and functioning of special (free) economic zones ”the special preferential tax regime in the specified territories was terminated, which in general called into question the expediency of functioning of special economic zones. It was also found that the legal act, which determined the procedure and methodology for assessing the effectiveness of the functioning of the special (free) economic zone, has lost its validity, however, a new act, taking into account modern economic requirements and needs, has not been developed.
 The experience of some foreign countries in the field of formation and functioning of special (free) economic zones is investigated. On the basis of the scientific and legal analysis, a number of proposals for improving the legal regulation in the field of formation and functioning of special (free) economic zones were developed, in particular, by introducing amendments to the Tax and Customs Codes of Ukraine, laws of Ukraine, which regulate the formation and functioning of the respective special (free) economic zones.

Special economic zones (SEZ) in the crisis caused by the COVID-19 pandemic

The aim of the publication is to analyse and evaluate the functioning of special economic zones in Poland, focusing in particular on the capital invested in the zones and on the creation of new jobs. This publication addresses the subject of special economic zones in Poland and the conditions for their functioning. The article focuses on the structure of capital invested in the zones, the number of workers and industry specialisation. Special attention was paid to issues related to the functioning of SEZs in Poland in the conditions of the global crisis caused by the COVID-19 pandemic.

Имущественное налогообложение юридических лиц на территориях с особым экономическим статусом

The article is devoted to the study of fiscal mechanisms of regulation of property taxation in the territories with a special economic status. The purpose of this work is to analyze the specifics of property taxes, to assess the value and structure of tax preferences provided, as well as to identify trends in property taxation of companies within the territories with a special economic status. The paper explores the features of property taxation within these territories both in Russia and in foreign countries. It is concluded that in foreign practice tax preferences on property taxes are applied mainly to high-tech companies in special territories. The article analyzes the tax preferences for property taxes in Russia granted to the residents for the period of functioning of special economic zones, territories of advanced socio-economic development and the Free Port of Vladivostok.

Особенности функционирования особых экономических зон России на современном этапе развития: проблемы и перспективы

The article presents an analysis of the features of the functioning of special economic zones in Russia at the present stage of development. Port special economic zones represented by Murmansk and Ulyanovsk regions, as well as the Khabarovsk Krai were selected as the object of research. The indicated special economic zones are analyzed from the perspective of their similarities and differences in terms of the initial conditions of development, target guidelines, as well as types of economic activities. As a result of the analysis of the indicated economic entities of the Russian Federation, the problems and development prospects of each of them were identified. The directions for improving the functioning of free economic zones (of institutional and economic nature) have been determined, which can be introduced into reality through the interaction of the business sector with public authorities, and, accordingly, resolving the contradictions between their heterogeneous interests within the framework of achieving a common goal – increasing the efficiency of some territories of the abovementioned regions. This circumstance is considered from the point of their compliance with modern challenges and threats that are dictated by new economic realities, but at the same time, open up unique unprecedented opportunities for their exponential development in terms of competitiveness, stability and security.

Analysis of investment project decisions made in the conditions of functioning of special economic zones

Analysis of investment project decisions made in the conditions of functioning of special economic zones

ПРИНЦИПЫ И УСЛОВИЯ ДЕЙСТВИЯ ОСОБОЙ ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКОЙ ЗОНЫ ТЕХНИКО-ВНЕДРЕНЧЕСКОГО ТИПА

The article contains material on the princi-ples and special conditions for the function-ing of special economic zones of technology-innovation type. Since the creation of the first free economic zone (FEZ), there have been many changes. There have been both successful projects and weak experiences that have already been analyzed. Regular revision, generalization, and updating are required for many regulations governing the creation and operation of these territories with special conditions. At the same time, potential SEZ residents – entrepreneurs – need an explanation of the complex lan-guage of regulatory acts. This work was based on the generalization of methodologi-cal documents and practical experience. It focuses the reader on the principles and conditions that allow nowadays to create promising, successfully developing SEZs. The paper can become the basis for updat-ing regional and local regulatory acts to im-prove conditions for the advanced develop-ment of territories.

Customs regulation of activities on the territory of special economic zones

In the article, the authors analyze the functioning of special economic zones in the Russian Federation. Currently, based on the established world practice, special economic zones can act as a catalyst for attracting foreign investment and ensuring effective regional socio-economic development. Therefore, according to the authors, the issues of improving the functioning of the SEZ are of particular importance. The analysis of the results of the functioning of special economic zones in the Russian Federation shows that there is a significant potential for their development. Due to the fact that the functioning of special economic zones is inextricably linked with the conduct of foreign economic activity, and the SEZs themselves are a tool for integrating the country into global value chains, the issues of customs regulation of activities on their territory become important, which acts as an effective way for the state to influence foreign economic activity and have significant opportunities in stimulating the development of special economic zones in the Russia. In this regard, the study of the application of customs regulation measures as important factors in the development of special economic zones in the Russian Federation is very relevant. Special attention was paid to the study of the regulatory framework for the application of customs procedures in respect of goods imported into the territory of special economic zones and exported from such territories. According to the results of the study, it was found that there are significant gaps in the current legislative regulation of this range of legal relations. The article formulates specific measures that can contribute to improving the efficiency of the functioning of special economic zones in the Russian Federation.

Special economic zones and the role of construction industry enterprises in their creation

The article discusses the creation of special economic zones on the territory of the Russian Federation within the framework of the existing legislation. A refined methodology for assessing the effectiveness of the functioning of special economic zones is proposed, taking into account the leading role of enterprises in the construction industry, as an important city-forming component. A stage-by-stage justification of the creation of a special economic zone on the territory of the Irkutsk region was carried out. The concept of the special status of an economic zone has been clarified in relation to the real economic situation. In accordance with the current legislation, the role of enterprises in the construction industry in the creation and assessment of the effectiveness of the functioning of special economic zones of a technology-innovative type has been substantiated. The criteria for assessing the effectiveness of the functioning of a special economic zone have been determined. It is shown that the leading role in the creation of special economic zones on the territory of the Russian Federation belongs to the enterprises of the construction industry.

Sezs: EXPLORING THE ETYMOLOGICAL CONCEPT OF A DEFINITIONAL APPROACH TO STUDY OF ECONOMIC IMPLEMENTATION

Functioning of special economic zones as well as providing them with various tax preferences are of utmost importance in economically developed countries. Simultaneously, effective functioning of special economic zones represents a qualitative indicator of the ongoing fiscal policy. For the most part, this approach is used in the countries where an increase in the economic and social level of development is required. In this regard, studying the peculiarities of expanding the effect of tax incentives and preferences in the territory of special economic zones acquire special significance, especially during the period of slowdown in economic development due to the global impact of COVID. The study examines the features of the territories' functioning under the preferential tax regime. This, in turn, made it possible to identify the key directions in terms of their further functioning based on the development of a unified methodology. This approach seems more attractive for all the participants in international relations involved in designing and developing equipment since it allows these territories to apply a new generation 5G network in the field of hightech industries, as well as to gradually integrate with foreign industrial parks on common digital platforms. The practical significance of the study implies that the considered provisions of the scientific research are fully applicable as recommendations in the study of financial disciplines both in theory and practice of collection and payment of taxes and fees.

Regional features of the development of special economic zones. The example of the Latin American region’s countries

The economic activity of modern countries is associated with creation and functioning of SEZs. They are seen as effective tools for the development of national economy: job creation, export growth, attracting foreign investment, technology transfer and human resources development. SEZs in the Latin American region have more than a century of development history, but it was in the 2000s that noticeable changes in their role in the economies of individual countries took place. The article identifies the features of creation and functioning of special economic zones in Latin American countries and discusses the key areas of economic transformation for individual countries of the region in order to attract foreign investment to the SEZs.

Special economic zones: Russian and international experience in the context of globalization and transregionalization

This article presents the specifics of the creation and functioning of special economic zones in the global economy based on the world and Russian experience.

SPECIAL ECONOMIC ZONES AS AN INSTRUMENT OF ECONOMIC GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT OF INDUSTRIAL POTENTIAL OF RUSSIA

The article considers an instrument of influence on the economic development of the Russian Federation in the form of creating special economic zones. The current state of Russian enterprises is described in terms of the theory of techno-economic paradigm. The problem of technological backwardness of Russia is revealed. In this regard, the authors consider special economic zones as an engine for the development of the Russian Federation. The principles of functioning of these zones are described, privileges for enterprises registered in the territory of special economic zones are listed. The types of zones are also characterized, among which four are distinguished by the legislation of Russia: industrial-production, technical-innovative, tourist-recreational and port. Examples are given for each type of special economic zone. The authors examined the stages of construction of these zones, and the legislation that determines their functioning. The article also provides an example of the Innopolis special economic zone: its specialization, what benefits it gives residents and what is located on its territory. The article’s conclusion provides a list of benefits that an enterprise can count on if it is registered as a resident in the territory of a special economic zone. It also proves the existence of a direct relationship between the effective functioning of special economic zones and the acceleration of the economic development of the state, which allows it to enter the next techno-economic paradigm.

The usage pattern of development method to assess the functioning of special economic zones: the case of Poland

Research background: In this article the characteristics of the terms of an entrepreneurship of a region and a local development were presented. Likewise, it demonstrates the results of research about using the development model method to classify special economic zones (SEZ) in terms of the most important indicators referring to the economic activity of zones in Poland, as well as showing the potential of zones ? by noting their advantage or distance in relation to another zone in terms of criteria for functioning of privileged areas forming together a group.
 Purpose of the article: The aim of the article is to show the possibility to use a multidimensional comparative analysis method to recognize the level of a region?s development in a time-space system on the example of SEZ operating in Poland.
 Methods: The essential data source about the article?s description were reports published by the Ministry of Economy and then the Ministry of Enterprise and Technology: Information on the implementation of the Act on Special Economic Zones. The empirical analysis used the method of multidimensional comparative analysis used to recognize the diversification of the functioning of fourteen SEZ operating in Poland in a time-space system. The examination procedure covered the years 2009?2017. A constant development pattern was adopted for all the years of the study.
 Findings & Value added: The results of conducted analysis show that in SEZ there were real development processes. However, these processes were accompanied by persistent disproportions in the level of development of individual zones.

Особые экономические зоны в СССР и Российской Федерации (1980—2018)

The question of the creation and functioning of special economic zones as territories with special legal status in the USSR and the Russian Federation in the period from the 1980s to the present time is considered. The authors pay attention to the history of development of special economic zones in different time intervals: from 1980 to 1990, from 1990 to 2000, from 2000 to 2005, from 2005 to 2016. The relevance of the article is due to the fact that the attraction of foreign investment is a priority issue for the leadership of any state, in particular, for the Russian Federation in different periods of history. It is noted that the importance of creating special economic zones is due to the need to attract foreign investment in the economy of the regions of the Russian Federation as one of the options for cooperation of the subjects of the Federation with foreign financial groups, since such economic interaction allows to solve many socially significant issues. The difficulties of creating free economic zones after the collapse of the Soviet Union in the conditions of political and economic instability are analyzed. It is shown that in the last few years the country’s leadership is taking measures for the effective development of these zones as a special tool for the successful development of the Russian economy.