Functioning Of Public Transport Research Articles

REGULATORY AND LEGAL SUPPORT OF THE FUNCTIONING OF PUBLIC TRANSPORT AND PROVISION OF TRANSPORT SERVICES TO THE POPULATION OF CITIES IN THE CONDITIONS OF POST-WAR RECONSTRUCTION

The article substantiates the need for regulatory support for solving problems with the functioning of public transport, as well as for the provision of transport services in cities of Ukraine in the conditions of post-war reconstruction. It is noted that one of the priority areas of the reconstruction plan is transport infrastructure. It is noted that the peculiarity of urban transport is that it can be in state, communal and private property. Therefore, the difficulty is that the impact on the state and private carrier by local governments is quite limited. It is noted that at the same time, local public authorities have the opportunity to influence transport service providers by concluding or not concluding transactions and determining their terms. It is concluded that regulatory support for the functioning and development of public transport in cities and in general in the settlements of our country requires significant improvement, namely: development and approval electric transport, construction, operation and repair of its facilities, public transport as a whole; defining the principles of interaction of all entities in the field of urban transport, regulations on customers, providers and consumers of transport services, their rights and responsibilities; Determination of priority provisions of public policy in the field of land transport and their implementation (ensuring the safety of transportation, environmental friendliness, inclusivity and availability of passenger transport and its subsequent sustainable development), their coordination with plans and strategies of development of cities and regions, etc.

Features of Development of Route Networks of Public Urban Passenger Transport in Russian Monotowns: the Case of the City of Nizhnekamsk

Currently, improvement of public transport of general use is among priority areas for development of urban transport systems. Convenient public transport routes, combined with modern rolling stock and a developed transport infrastructure, allow solving most transport problems and ensure high mobility of residents and guests of a city. The objective of the research, main results of which are described in the paper, was to build an efficient urban public transport network in monotowns of Russia to ensure sustainability of functioning of public passenger transport intended for general use. The article presents an option for solving the problem of functioning of public transport in single-industry towns. Very often, in such cities (with enterprises pronouncedly influencing urban planning), there are two mutually exclusive transport networks, namely, municipal one and contracted one (contracted by an enterprise and intended for shift rotation). As a result, contracted routes are not optimal, municipal carriers suffer losses, transport companies do not meet the schedule, switch to a less capacious type of vehicles, and consequently people are dissatisfied with the work of public transport in the city. To solve these problems, it is proposed to combine the municipal and contracted networks into a single transport network of the city.

ПРИНЦИПЫ ПОСТРОЕНИЯ ИНТЕГРИРОВАННЫХ ТРАНСПОРТНО-ЛОГИСТИЧЕСКИХ СИСТЕМ

The article discusses the principles of building integrated transport and logistics systems. Examples of the implementation of these principles in the field of logistics activities and the functioning of public transport are given

Sociological aspect of the city transport infrastructure management strategy

The purpose is to analyze the transport system of Moscow, its role in the socio-economic development of the region, and to try to find ways of ensuring that the transport infrastructure meets the needs of the population. The subject of the study is the urban transport system. Methods for the study are the analysis of statistical data on the functioning of public transport, experts’ assessments of the transport infrastructure of the city, a comparative analysis of other regions’ experience. The analysis of statistical data reveals the dynamics of the functioning of the transport system in the metropolis. It was shown that the poor development of transport infrastructure hinders the development of a modern city. The availability, profitability, and efficiency of passenger transport should be increased to increase the satisfaction of the quality of life of the urban population. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a long-term strategy to improve the road and transport system of the city. Modern transport infrastructure, its qualitative and volumetric characteristics hinder the completion of the tasks of regional economic development, in particular the task of meeting the demand for quality passenger and transport-logistics services.

Analysis of Accessibility of Public Transport in Warsaw in the Opinion of Users

Public transport in Warsaw is currently showing a dynamic development. The capital of Poland, as the largest city in the country, is constantly increasing spending on transport and implementing large investment projects, such as the expansion of the subway, which gives residents more opportunities for efficient movement within the agglomeration. Despite the implementation of these investments, there are still some sensitive places in Warsaw where access to public transport may be difficult. Given these conditions, a study of public transportation accessibility is warranted and socially needed. This article presents the results of a questionnaire survey conducted among Warsaw residents. The study included a group of 986 respondents, most people between the ages of 18 and 44. The analysis conducted looked at perceived accessibility of public transportation and satisfaction with public transportation services. As a result of the study, we could identify the main factors that influence passenger satisfaction, as well as examine transport accessibility in the social city of Warsaw. Conclusions from the study may be helpful for the city government to improve the functioning of public transport.

ПРОБЛЕМЫ РАЗВИТИЯ ОБЩЕСТВЕННОГО ТРАНСПОРТА В НОВОСИБИРСКЕ И ПУТИ ИХ РЕШЕНИЯ

This article discusses the organizational and economic problems of the functioning of public transport in the city of Novosibirsk using the example of the Municipal treasury enterprise ‘Passenger Motor Transport Enterprise No. 4’. The main objective of the study is to find ways to solve problems which arise at this enterprise and which are common for urban passenger transport in a large city. The article analyzes the results of the enterprise, as well as the transport situation in Novosibirsk. The growth of the private car fleet significantly worsened the state of the urban environment in most cities of Russia and created a number of difficult to solve problems. Based on the study of solutions to similar problems in other cities and countries, the conclusion is drawn about the need for the accelerated development of urban passenger transport in comparison with other modes of transport. The search for effective ways to influence the behavior of transport users will make it possible to create a ‘healthy city’ that forms the necessary safety and quality of life for citizens.

Analysis of the influence of traffic lights on the functioning of public transport within Kosciuszko square in Wroclaw

Traffic management in a city, even assisted by intelligent transport systems, is a very complex process. Analyzing a single intersection may not produce the intended effect or even contribute to a deterioration from the initial state. The most important element of introducing changes should be traffic monitoring. The article presents the influence of traffic lights on the functioning of public transport, on the example of Kosciuszko Square in Wroclaw. Presented proposals were preceded by several hours of traffic observations, some of the results were presented at this paper. The article proposes changes to streamline public transport within the square.

ORGANISATION OF PUBLIC TRANSPORT IN METROPOLITAN AREAS

The article discusses the problem of organisation of public transport in metropolitan areas as a task of self-government units. The comparative analysis of the manners of organising and integrating public transport in selected metropolitan areas in Poland shows weaknesses and strengths of these applied manners, especially organizational solutions used in the analyzed examples concerning unified tariffs and coordination of various means of transport. The Polish law provides for three types of models for public transport organisation – metropolitan unions, communal unions and communal agreements. At this moment no metropolitan unions have been established so there are no practical experiences in this matter. Two existing conurbations (Silesia Metropolitan Area and Gdańsk Metropolitan Area) organise public transport on the basis of a communal union, whereas in other Polish metropolitan cities (i.e. Warsaw) the instrument of communal agreements is being used. On the other hand the example of London shows that also other legal entities (regional authorities) may be responsible for organising public transport. The size of a metropolitan area and the applied legal model should not influence the functioning of public transport. Nevertheless, the organizational solutions used in the presented transport systems show that the legal framework can make a difference. This article can contribute to an in-depth study on the organization of public transport in metropolitan areas which could lead to the use of good practices in various cities and changes in the Polish law.

INCREASING THE SOCIAL EFFECTIVENESS OF PUBLIC TRANSPORT

: The functioning of public transport as a primarily social phenomenon leads to the realization of a significant social effect. The more deployed and high-quality the level of transportations is, the larger the social effect is. This also elevates the culture of passenger service and the use of modern environmentally friendly means of transport. The social effect has a multilateral manifestation, but the most significant one is its manifestation in the following trends: satisfying the population's various travel needs; reducing travel time and increasing free time, thus increasing the time for rest, relaxation, entertainment, educational and sport activities. The social effect is also achieved through the use of modern and environmentally friendly means of transport with reduced harmful emissions and noise impact on the population's health. The primary goal of socially effective public transport is to be accessible to everyone, to provide comfort, awareness, safety and security during passenger travel by incorporating efficient and stable urban intelligent transport systems and modern integrated environmentally friendly public transport with better emission indicators. The present report is dedicated to the main trends of increasing the social effectiveness of public transport in cities.

Building acceptance for congestion charges – the Swedish experiences compared

Lack of public and political acceptance is the main barrier to introducing congestion charges. Here we compared the experiences of congestion charge introduction in the Swedish cities of Stockholm and Gothenburg, with the aim of explaining differences in political and public acceptance. The results showed the importance of procedural factors, such as the consistency of objectives in policy packages, communication and marketing efforts, and the use of public referendums, and of contextual factors, including urban form, level of congestion, and functioning of public transport. Important lessons were drawn between the two cities, but primarily on how to design, rather than secure public acceptance for, a congestion tax scheme. To build acceptance for congestion charges, close attention must be paid to the local political and geographical context when designing and implementing such a scheme.

Dostępność transportowa Szadku

This article describes transport accessibility of Szadek - a small town in Łódź voivode­ship. To this end, three major aspects were analysed: potential accessibility, functioning of public transport and effectiveness of individual transport. The findings were placed in the context of accessibility analyses for the remaining 43 towns of Łódź voivodeship, which enabled identification of the degree of Szadek's accessibility in the settlement network of the region.