Function Fc Research Articles

Nucleocapsid-specific antibody function is associated with therapeutic benefits from COVID-19 convalescent plasma therapy

COVID-19 convalescent plasma (CCP), a passive polyclonal antibody therapeutic, has had mixed clinical results. Though, antibody neutralization is the predominant approach to benchmarking CCP’s efficacy, CCP may also influence the evolution of the endogenous antibody response. Using systems serology to comprehensive profile SARS-CoV-2 functional antibodies of hospitalized COVID-19 participants enrolled in a randomized controlled trial of CCP (ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier NCT04397757), we find the clinical benefit of CCP is associated with both a shift towards reduced inflammatory Spike (S) responses and enhanced Nucleocapsid (N) humoral responses. We find CCP has the greatest clinical benefit in participants with low pre-existing anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody function and CCP-induced immunomodulatory Fc glycan profiles and N immunodominant profiles persist for at least two months. We highlight a potential mechanism of action of CCP associated with durable immunomodulation, outline optimal patient characteristics for CCP treatment, and provide guidance for the development of a different class of COVID-19 hyperflammation-targeting antibody therapeutics.

Multi-parameter Mathieu, and alternating Mathieu series

The main purpose of this paper is to present a multi–parameter study of the familiar Mathieu series and the alternating Mathieu series S(r) and S˜(r). The computable series expansions of the their related integral representations are obtained in terms of higher transcendental hypergeometric functions like Lauricella’s hypergeometric function FC(m)[x], Fox–Wright Ψ function, Srivastava–Daoust S generalized Lauricella function, Riemann Zeta and Dirichlet Eta functions, while the extensions concern products of Bessel and modified Bessel functions of the first kind, hyper–Bessel and Bessel–Clifford functions. Auxiliary Laplace–Mellin transforms, bounding inequalities for the hyper–Bessel and Bessel–Clifford functions are established- which are also of independent but considerable interest. A set of bounding inequalities are presented either for the hyper–Bessel and Bessel–Clifford functions which are to our best knowledge new, or also for all considered extended Mathieu–type series. Next, functional bounding inequalities, log–convexity properties and Turán inequality results are presented for the investigated extensions of multi–parameter Mathieu–type series. We end the exposition by a thorough discussion closes the exposition including important details, bridges to occuring new questions like the similar kind multi–parameter treatment of the complete Butzer–Flocke–Hauss Ω function which is intimately connected with the Mathieu series family.

Julia Set with Trigonometric Function

Julia sets are generated by initializing a complex number z = x + yi where z is then iterated using the iteration function fc (z)= zn 2 + c, where n indicates the number of iteration and c is a constant complex number. Recently, study of cubic Julia sets was introduced in Noor Orbit (NO) with improved escape criterions for cubic polynomials. In this paper, we investigate the complex dynamics of different functions and apply the iteration function to generate an entire new class of Julia sets. Here, we introduce different types of orbits on cubic Julia sets with trigonometric functions. The two functions to investigate from Julia sets are sine and cosine functions.

Gaussian Complex Zeros on the Hole Event: The Emergence of a Forbidden Region

AbstractConsider the Gaussian entire function urn:x-wiley:00103640:media:cpa21800:cpa21800-math-0001 where {ξk} is a sequence of independent standard complex Gaussians. This random Taylor series is distinguished by the invariance of its zero set with respect to the isometries of the plane ℂ. It has been of considerable interest to study the statistical properties of the zero set, particularly in comparison to other planar point processes.We show that the law of the zero set, conditioned on the function Fℂ having no zeros in a disk of radius r and normalized appropriately, converges to an explicit limiting Radon measure on ℂ as r → ∞. A remarkable feature of this limiting measure is the existence of a large “forbidden region” between a singular part supported on the boundary of the (scaled) hole and the equilibrium measure far from the hole. In particular, this answers a question posed by Nazarov and Sodin, and is in stark contrast to the corresponding result of Jancovici, Lebowitz, and Manificat in the random matrix setting: there is no such forbidden region for the Ginibre ensemble. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

On the influence of atmospheric super-saturation layer on China's heavy haze-fog events

With the background of global change, the air quality in Earth's atmosphere has significantly decreased. The North China Plain (NCP), Yangtze River Delta (YRD), Pearl River Delta (PRD) and Si-Chuan Basin (SCB) are the major areas suffering the decreasing air quality and frequent pollution events in recent years. Studying the effect of meteorological conditions on the concentration of pollution aerosols in these pollution sensitive regions is a hot focus now. This paper analyses the characteristics of atmospheric super-saturation and the corresponding H_PMLs (height of supersaturated pollution mixing layer), investigating their contribution to the frequently-seen heavy haze-fog weather. The results suggest that: (1) in the above-mentioned pollution sensitive regions in China, super-saturated layers repeatedly appear in the low altitude and the peak value of supersaturation S can reach 6–10%, which makes pollution particles into the wet adiabatic uplift process in the stable-static atmosphere. After low-level atmosphere reaches the super-saturation state below the H_PMLs, meteorological condition contributes to humidification and condensation of pollution particles. (2) Caculation of condensation function Fc, one of PLAM sensetive parameter, indicates that super-saturation state helps promote condensation, beneficial to the formation of Condensational Kink (CK) in the pollution sensitive areas. This favors the formation of new aerosol particles and intensities the cumulative growth of aerosol concentration. (3) By calculating the convective inhibition energy on average │CIN│ > 1.0 × 104 J kg−1, we found the value is about 100 times higher than the stable critical value. The uplifting diffusion of the particles is inhibited by the ambient airflow. So, this is the important reason for the aggravation and persistence of aerosol pollutants in local areas. (4) H_PMLs is negatively correlated to the pollution meteorological condition index PLAM which can describe the change of PM2.5 concentration. The lower the H_PMLs is, the higher the PLAM becomes, and the more conductive the air condition is to aggravation of pollutant aerosol concentration.

LOCATION DISTRIBUTION OPTIMIZATION OF PHOTOGRAPHING SITES FOR INDOOR PANORAMA MODELING

Abstract. Generally, panoramas image modeling is costly and time-consuming because of photographing continuously to capture enough photos along the routes, especially in complicated indoor environment. Thus, difficulty follows for a wider applications of panoramic image modeling for business. It is indispensable to make a feasible arrangement of panorama sites locations because the locations influence the clarity, coverage and the amount of panoramic images under the condition of certain device. This paper is aim to propose a standard procedure to generate the specific location and total amount of panorama sites in indoor panoramas modeling. Firstly, establish the functional relationship between one panorama site and its objectives. Then, apply the relationship to panorama sites network. We propose the Distance Clarity function (FC and Fe) manifesting the mathematical relationship between panoramas and objectives distance or obstacle distance. The Distance Buffer function (FB) is modified from traditional buffer method to generate the coverage of panorama site. Secondly, transverse every point in possible area to locate possible panorama site, calculate the clarity and coverage synthetically. Finally select as little points as possible to satiate clarity requirement preferentially and then the coverage requirement. In the experiments, detailed parameters of camera lens are given. Still, more experiments parameters need trying out given that relationship between clarity and distance is device dependent. In short, through the function FC, Fe and FB, locations of panorama sites can be generated automatically and accurately.

HYPERDIRE—HYPERgeometric functions DIfferential REduction: Mathematica-based packages for the differential reduction of generalized hypergeometric functions: Lauricella function [formula omitted] of three variables

We present a further extension of the HYPERDIRE project, which is devoted to the creation of a set of Mathematica-based program packages for manipulations with Horn-type hypergeometric functions on the basis of differential equations. Specifically, we present the implementation of the differential reduction for the Lauricella function FC of three variables. Program summaryProgram title: HYPERDIRECatalogue identifier: AEPP_v4_0Program summary URL:http://cpc.cs.qub.ac.uk/summaries/AEPP_v4_0.htmlProgram obtainable from: CPC Program Library, Queen’s University, Belfast, N. IrelandLicensing provisions: GNU General Public License, version 3No. of lines in distributed program, including test data, etc.: 243461No. of bytes in distributed program, including test data, etc.: 61610782Distribution format: tar.gzProgramming language: Mathematica.Computer: All computers running Mathematica.Operating system: Operating systems running Mathematica.Classification: 4.4.Does the new version supersede the previous version?: No, it significantly extends the previous version.Nature of problem:Reduction of hypergeometric function FC of three variables to a set of basis functions.Solution method:Differential reduction.Reasons for new version:The extension package allows the user to handle the Lauricella function FC of three variables.Summary of revisions:The previous version goes unchanged.Running time:Depends on the complexity of the problem.

High Performance Architecture for LILI-II Stream Cipher

Proposed work presents high performance architecture for LILI-II stream cipher. This cipher uses 128 bit key and 128 bit IV for initialization of two LFSR. Proposed architecture uses single clock for both LFSRs, so this architecture will be useful in high speed communication applications. Presented architecture uses four bit shifting of LFSRD in single clock cycle without losing any data items from function FC. Proposed architecture is coded by using VHDL language with CAD tool Xilinx ISE Design Suite 13.2 and targeted hardware is Xilinx Virtex5 FPGA having device xc4vlx60, with package ff1148. Proposed architecture achieved throughput of 224.7 Mbps at 224.7 MHz frequency. General Terms Hardware implementation of stream ciphers

TWISTED CYCLES AND TWISTED PERIOD RELATIONS FOR LAURICELLA'S HYPERGEOMETRIC FUNCTION FC

We study Lauricella's hypergeometric function FC by using twisted (co)homology groups. We construct twisted cycles with respect to an Euler-type integral representation of FC. These cycles correspond to 2m linearly independent solutions to the system of differential equations annihilating FC. Using intersection forms of twisted (co)homology groups, we obtain twisted period relations which give quadratic relations for Lauricella's FC.

Diagnostic identification of the impact of meteorological conditions on PM2.5 concentrations in Beijing

Using daily PM2.5 concentration data from Beijing, surface observations and upper-air sounding data from regional weather stations in Beijing and North China from 2007 to 2008, 5-min AWS (automatic weather station) observations and hourly AMS (aerosol mass spectrum) data from July 2008, we analysed sensitive meteorological parameters and conditions that affect the concentration of PM2.5. We also diagnosed and identified the impact of meteorological conditions on air quality (AQ). The results show that the condensation function fc is a sensitive and significant parameter for PM2.5 concentration, favourable for generation of secondary aerosol particles. Statistical analysis of a large sample of PM2.5 and meteorological observation data indicates that adaptive weight parameter β is of great value in diagnosing changes in PM2.5 concentrations. When Beijing and North China experience dry, cold winters with a low fc, the parameter β will be large, creating conditions that are conducive to suspended fine particles. In moist, hot summers, the high temperature and humidity increase the fc, but β plays a much weaker role than in winter. β and fc influence and restrict each other, and their impacts on the changes in PM2.5 concentrations are consistent with the observed seasonal changes in meteorological elements and PM2.5 concentrations. In addition, a good correlation exists between the 24-h forecast of the I index and the PM2.5 observations in Beijing, which will prove useful in diagnosing, identifying and predicting the influence of meteorological conditions on AQ based on PM2.5 concentrations.

Structural Changes and Dielectric Relaxation Behavior of Uniaxially Oriented High Density Polyethylene

The molecular relaxation behavior of an ice-quenched high density polyethylene (HDPE) subjected to solid-state stretching at elevated temperature (100 °C) to various draw ratios (up to Λ=13.7) was examined by means of dielectric spectroscopy. All relaxation zones (α, β and γ, in order of decreasing temperature) between 25 K and melting temperature were studied in the frequency range from 1 kHz to 1 MHz. The changes observed in different dielectric relaxations were related to the orientation-induced modifications of the structural and morphological parameters. In order to investigate orientation-induced structural changes, optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), wide angle X-ray scattering (WAXS), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) were employed. Herman's orientation function (fc) was used to quantify the degree of crystal orientation. Complete disappearance of the already weak β relaxation with orientation is attributed to the increase in crystallinity, but the contribution due to a more restricted chain segment mobility in the interlamellar regions of oriented specimens should also be taken into account. Presented results also reveal two different orientation-induced dynamics in the evolution of the dielectric α and γ relaxations connected with the main transformation stages in the drawing of crystalline polymers. The transformation of the initial isotropic into a fully oriented fibrillar structure introduces large changes in the dielectric relaxation spectra of HDPE, especially in the α relaxation zone; by contrast, with further increase in the draw ratio much smaller changes are observed due to the deformation of the fiber structure by longitudinal sliding motions of microfibrils and/or by fibrils slipping past each other.

Symbiotic Coding for High-Density Wireless LANs

Cochannel links in a Wireless LAN are separated across orthogonal time slots to avoid interference. With increasing density of links, time sharing the channel leads to severe capacity problems. In this paper, we identify a specific class of interference scenarios called asymmetric interference scenarios, where the nature of interference is different at the receivers of the concurrent signals. We show that, with appropriate handling, asymmetric interference allows each receiver to decode its intended reception successfully. We represent the signal combination at the receiver as a function fc and propose a solution called Symbiotic Coding (SC) such that fc(E1(d1;d2);E2(d1; d2)) is equal to E1(d1;d2), where d1 and d2 are the intended and interfering data symbol sequences and E1 is the encoder at sender 1 and E2 at sender 2, respectively. SC, thus, enables successful simultaneous cochannel transmissions even if they result in a collision. The performance of SC scales with the number of interfering links achieving median throughput improvements of 30 and 86 percent over time sharing with two and three interfering links, respectively. We address fundamental challenges in realizing SC including synchronization, coding algorithms, extensions to different modulations. We also implement SC on software defined radios and demonstrate its practical feasibility.

Smooth and nonsmooth analyses of vector-valued functions associated with circular cones

Let Lθ be the circular cone in Rn which includes a second-order cone as a special case. For any function f from R to R, one can define a corresponding vector-valued function fc(x) on Rn by applying f to the spectral values of the spectral decomposition of x∈Rn with respect to Lθ. We show that this vector-valued function inherits from f the properties of continuity, Lipschitz continuity, directional differentiability, Fréchet differentiability, continuous differentiability, as well as semismoothness. These results will play a crucial role in designing solution methods for optimization problem associated with the circular cone.

CERTAIN INTEGRAL REPRESENTATIONS OF EULER TYPE FOR THE EXTON FUNCTION X8

Exton [Hypergeometric functions of three variables, J. Indian Acad. Math. 4 (1982), 113-119] introduced 20 distinct triple hypergeometric functions whose names are Xi (i =1, ..., 20) to investigate their twenty Laplace integral representations whose kernels include the confluent hypergeometric functions 0F1, 1F1, a Humbert function Ψ2, a Humbert function Φ2. The object of this paper is to present 16 (presumably new) integral representations of Euler type for the Exton hypergeometric function X2 among his twenty Xi (i = 1, …, 20), whose kernels include the Exton function X2 itself, the Appell function F4, and the Lauricella function Fc.

Abstract 5383: Evaluation of immune response in preclinical settings

Abstract Among all new strategies against cancer, the treatments with vaccines, biologics, antibodies, antibody fragments, and other immunological modulators are promising. All of them aim to be more targeted, more effective, and less toxic than other therapies. In order to be developed and accurately evaluated, these immunological related therapies need appropriated preclinical models and relevant immunological readouts. Most of these immunological readouts should be analyzed in vitro, in vivo and ex vivo. A panel of tools from rodents to the bench was evaluated toward the modulation of the immune system by new therapies. All these protocols were developed and validated properly to evaluate these new immunology related cancer therapies. In immunocompetent mice, the immune cells were studied for their cell surface activation markers detection, induction of proliferative phenotype, antigen-specific T lymphocyte detection, secretion of soluble mediators such as cytokines … using FACS phenotyping, cytometric bead assay (CBA) or Luminex multiplex technologies and ELISPOT. In immunodeficient mice, the reconstitution of the mature human immune system with PBMC or naïve human immune system using hematopoietic stem cells were used to evaluate the modulation of those immune cells by therapies through human cytokine release, onset of graft versus host disease. Among other examples, characterization of antibody function (Fab and Fc mediated activities), quantification of the existence and function of antigen-specific T cell clones, phenotyping study of immune cells for activation markers as well as multiplex assays to understand the cytokines network, differentiation of hematopoietic cells by colony formation unit will be described. All of them will be presented in the context either of rodent syngenic model or humanized mouse model. All results, integrative data and examples will be presented in the poster. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5383. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-5383

Analysis of Extended Algebraic Immunity of Boolean Functions

Algebraic immunity (AI) is a new cryptographic criterion proposed against algebraic attacks. Extended algebraic immunity (EAI) extends the concept of algebraic immunity, whose point is that a Boolean function f may be replaced by another Boolean function fc called the algebraic complement of f In this paper, we investigate EAI of Boolean functions. Firstly, we present a sufficient and necessary condition to judge AI of a Boolean function equals to its EAI. Secondly, we prove that two classes of Boolean functions with maximum AI also have optimal EAI. Finally, we analyze that the structure of the annihilators of Boolean functions with the algebraic complement.

Ultradrawing above the static melting temperature of ultra-high molecular weight isotactic poly(1-butene) having low ductility in the crystalline state

Ultra-high molecular weight isotactic poly(1-butene) (UHMW-PB1) melt-grown crystal (MGC) films were drawn using the PIN drawing technique. Although the UHMW-PB1 MGC films had poor ductility in the crystalline state, they were ultradrawable in the molten state above the static melting temperature (Tm). The drawability of the MGC films was strongly influenced by the draw temperature, the sample thickness, and the contact time between the metal heater and sample, and it increased with decreasing sample thickness. The maximum draw ratio (DRmax) was nearly constant when the sample thickness was less than 100μm at a given draw temperature. The contact time between the metal heater and sample needed to draw continuously in the molten state was at least 0.1s. The ductility increased rapidly above 130°C, reaching a maximum at 200°C, and decreased at higher temperatures. A DRmax of 170 was achieved at 200°C under optimum conditions. The efficiency of the drawing, based on the Herman crystalline orientation function (fc) and tensile properties versus DR, was lower for films drawn at higher temperatures. The highest fc of 0.996, tensile modulus of 14GPa, and strength of 900MPa were obtained by ultradrawing with DR=50 at 155°C. This modulus corresponded to 58% of the X-ray crystal modulus (24GPa), whereas the modulus of PB1 films drawn in the crystalline state corresponded to only 12–13% (3GPa) of the theoretical crystal modulus.

Using L‐systems for modeling source–sink interactions, architecture and physiology of growing trees: the L‐PEACH model

Functional-structural plant models simulate the development of plant structure, taking into account plant physiology and environmental factors. The L-PEACH model is based on the development of peach trees. It demonstrates the usefulness of L-systems in constructing functional-structural models. L-PEACH uses L-systems both to simulate the development of tree structure and to solve differential equations for carbohydrate flow and allocation. New L-system-based algorithms are devised for simulating the behavior of dynamically changing structures made of hundreds of interacting, time-varying, nonlinear components. L-PEACH incorporates a carbon-allocation model driven by source-sink interactions between tree components. Storage and mobilization of carbohydrates during the annual life cycle of a tree are taken into account. Carbohydrate production in the leaves is simulated based on the availability of water and light. Apices, internodes, leaves and fruit grow according to the resulting local carbohydrate supply. L-PEACH outputs an animated three-dimensional visual representation of the growing tree and user-specified statistics that characterize selected stages of plant development. The model is applied to simulate a tree's response to fruit thinning and changes in water stress. L-PEACH may be used to assist in horticultural decision-making processes after being calibrated to specific trees.

Deformation Mechanisms of Polymer Thin Films by Simultaneous Kinetic Measurement of Microscopic Infrared Dichroism and Macroscopic Stress. 2. Molecular Orientation during Necking Process of Isotactic Polypropylene

The molecular orientations in the crystalline and the amorphous phases in a quenched isotactic polypropylene (iPP) film with a smectic structure are studied using an instrument constructed for simultaneous kinetic measurement of microscopic infrared (MicIR) dichroism from a predetermined sampling area with a size of 200 × 200 μm2 and macroscopic stress of film uniaxially stretched at a constant elongation rate at 30 °C. Local deformation behavior in the sampling area is determined for one sample using a method of photogrammetry. During the passage of the necking through the sampling area, the local extension ratio λ(t) increases fast from 1.5 to 5, which induces the rapid orientation of iPP chains in both the crystalline and the amorphous phases. The orientation function of the amorphous phase, fam, from the mesoscale deformation of the sampling area is found to be well described by the pseudo-affine deformation mechanism, since the local area shrinks anisotropically during the passage of the neck shoulder. The orientation function fc in the crystalline phase increases linearly with fam up to fam = 0.3 with a slope of 1.85 for all samples tested. In the neck entity, the crystal orientation may lag behind the amorphous chain orientation due to the enhanced plastic deformations. It is shown that the behavior of the amorphous phase is essential for the averaged lamellar orientation on the mesoscale.

Solid-State Extrusion of Poly(tetrafluoroethylene) Nascent Powder.

Poly (tetrafluoroethylene) (PTFE) nascent powder was drawn by solid-state extrusion to extrusion draw ratios (EDR) ≤ 100 in the temperature (Te) range of 100~340°C, which covers the Tg(125 °C) and the ambient Tm(334°C). At a given Te, the maximum achievable EDR (EDRmax) increased with increasing shear rate (γ) and hence extrusion rate (Ve), reaching a maximum at a γ of 1 ˜ 4×104/min (V e of 300 ˜ 600 cm/minjdepending on the Te, and at yet higher γ's, the EDRmax decreased rapidly due to the formation of flaws. At a given γ, the EDRmax increased with increasing Te up to a Te =340°C. At Te's >340°C, the drawability was lost due to melting. The structure and properties of extruded products were complexly affected by the extrusion variables. Thus, the oriented rods having crystalline chain orientation function fc of 0.75˜0.96 and flexural modulus Ef of 7.5 ˜ 15 GPa at 24°C could be obtained by extrusion at an optimum Te of 340°C and a Ve of 1˜1000 cm/min (γ of 1×10˜1×105/min). These results show that nascent PTFE powder could be solid-state extruded at remarkably higher Ve's than other polymers, reflecting the less entangled morphology of the nascent powder and the high ductility of a PTFE crystal due to the week intermolecular interaction.