Full-text Search Research Articles

Downstream Effects of Market Changes on Inhalers: Impacts on Individuals With Chronic Lung Disease.

COPD and asthma are two of the most common chronic lung diseases, affecting over 545 million people globally and 34 million in the United States. Annual health care costs related to chronic lung disease are estimated at €380 billion in the European Union, and $24-$50 billion in the United States averaging to $4,000 in out-of-pocket costs per person in the U.S. A full-text literature search was conducted for English publications between January 1, 2005-March 18, 2024. It returned over 5,000 publications that were further narrowed using key search words, resulting in 172 peer-reviewed articles. Using their experience and subject expertise, the authors further narrowed the peer-reviewed articles to 55 that were in their opinion relevant. Also, 38 recently published industry reports and news articles specific to downstream effects of inhaler market changes and the future impact were included. The literature suggests that individuals with chronic lung disease face increased challenges with access to inhaled medication due to rising medication costs, discontinuation of branded medications, introduction of generic medications not covered by insurance, exclusionary preferred drug list tactics that force health care providers into non-medical switching of medication or devices, and ongoing medication shortages. Providers experience ongoing hurdles in prescribing appropriate inhaled medications for individuals with chronic lung disease, including increased time and costs spent on administrative tasks due to inhaler denials, a loss of patient trust, and limits on their ability to prescribe appropriate inhaled medication for individuals with chronic lung disease.

Lightweight technology stacks for assistive linked annotations

This report presents the findings of a project from the 8th Biomedical Linked Annotation Hackathon (BLAH) to explore lightweight technology stacks to enhance assistive linked annotations. Using modern JavaScript frameworks and edge functions, in-browser Named Entity Recognition (NER), serverless embedding and vector search within web interfaces, and efficient serverless full-text search were implemented. Through this experimental approach, a proof of concept to demonstrate the feasibility and performance of these technologies was demonstrated. The results show that lightweight stacks can significantly improve the efficiency and cost-effectiveness of annotation tools and provide a local-first, privacy-oriented, and secure alternative to traditional server-based solutions in various use cases. This work emphasizes the potential of developing annotation interfaces that are more responsive, scalable, and user-friendly, which would benefit bioinformatics researchers, practitioners, and software developers.

Analysis and Comparison of Full-Text Search Algorithms

The exponential growth of electronically stored textual data poses a significant challenge for search engine developers. This paper is dedicated to a detailed study and comparison of three classical full-text search algorithms: Knuth-Morris-Pratt (KMP), Boyer-Moore (BM), and Rabin-Karp (RK). These algorithms are widely used in computer science for efficient substring searching in textual data. The research results allowed us to identify the strengths and weaknesses of each algorithm and to determine the conditions under which each algorithm is most efficient.

Scoping review of the effectiveness of 10 high-impact initiatives (HIIs) for recovering urgent and emergency care services

IntroductionProlonged ambulance response times and unacceptable emergency department (ED) wait times are significant challenges in urgent and emergency care systems associated with patient harm. This scoping review aimed to evaluate...

VQFT: A Visual Query Approach Based on Full-Text Search for Knowledge Graphs

Existing knowledge graph query approaches, whether traditional textual query languages or visual query languages, have steep learning curves that are unfriendly for non-expert users. This demonstration presents a Visual Query approach based on Full-Text search for knowledge graphs, called VQFT, which simplifies the process of querying knowledge graphs for users. Inspired by full-text search techniques, VQFT aims to combine the user-friendliness of visual query with the intuitiveness of full-text search , enabling users to query knowledge graphs as straightforward as using a search engine. Faceted full-text indexes, visual query constructor , and an interactive user interface are designed to achieve this goal. User tests and surveys have demonstrated that VQFT is more user-friendly and easier to learn than existing methods, which simplifies the construction of knowledge graph queries for non-expert users.

SingleStore-V: An Integrated Vector Database System in SingleStore

Vector databases have recently gained significant attention due to the emergence of large language models that produce vector embeddings for text. Existing vector databases can be broadly categorized into two types: specialized and generalized. Specialized vector databases are explicitly designed and optimized for managing vector data, while generalized ones support vector data management within a general purpose database. While specialized vector databases are interesting, there is a substantial customer base interested in generalized vector databases for various reasons, e.g., a reluctance to move data out of relational databases to reduce data silos and costs, the desire to use SQL, and the need for more sophisticated query processing of vector and non-vector data. However, generalized vector databases face two main challenges: performance and interoperability of vector search with SQL, such as combining vector search with filters, joins, or even fulltext search. In this paper, we present SingleStore-V, a full-fledged generalized vector database integrated into SingleStore, a modern distributed relational database optimized for both OLAP and OLTP workloads. SingleStore-V achieves high performance and interoperability via a suite of optimizations. Experiments on standard vector benchmarks show that SingleStore-V performs comparably to Milvus, a highly-optimized specialized vector database, and significantly outperforms pgvector, a popular generalized vector database in PostgreSQL. We believe this paper will shed light on integrating vector search into relational databases in general, as many design concepts and optimizations apply to other databases.

Sociodemographic and Clinical Characteristics of Older Adults With Suicide-Related Emergency Department Presentations.

To identify characteristics of older adult emergency department (ED) patients aged ≥65 with suicidal ideation and/or behavior. A single center retrospective chart review analyzed 392 patients (≥65) with suicidal ideation and/or behavior (2013-2019). Comprehensive full-text searches were used. Subgroup analyses for age and gender were conducted. Depressive disorder was documented in 50% of cases. Notably, 54% of all women were prescribed antidepressants, compared to only 31% of men. Most patients had general medical conditions (74.5%) and chronic multimorbidity (71.2%). Social stress affected 40.1%; 35.7% were intoxicated upon presentation. Alcohol abuse was more common in the 65-74 age group, while dementia impacted 20% of those ≥75. Men had a six-fold higher 30-day post-discharge mortality. Older ED patients with suicidal ideation and/or behavior exhibit typical characteristics. The dementia prevalence suggests tailored care for those ≥75, and the heightened post-discharge mortality rate in older men requires further research.

Basics of the semantic portal of nuclear knowledge BelNET functioning

Object ives. The possibility of using semantic technologies for the development and improvement of the content management system of the scientific and educational portal eLab-Science and the Belarusian nuclear knowledge portal BelNET (Belarusian Nuclear Education and Training Portal, https://belnet.by/) created on its basis is being considered.Methods. Original algorithms for automatic systematization have been developed, such as placing content records in the portal taxonomy based on semantic technologies and generating a list of keywords. The following concepts of semantic technologies are used: taxonomy (hierarchical structure of the portal), thesaurus, glossary. Resul t s. The developed algorithms were implemented and tested using a full-text search tool and the original Belarusian glossary on nuclear and radiation safety.Conclusion. The described basic principles of organization and algorithms based on semantic technologies, which underlie the functioning of the content management system of the scientific and educational portal eLab-Science and the Belarusian nuclear knowledge portal BelNET, created on its basis, make it possible to effectively implement the placement of content records in the portal taxonomy, as well as automatically generate a set of keywords for the resource being created

The next-gen federated search architecture for biomedical knowledge repositories — The LIT-FED-SEARCH engine

The primary objective of LIT-FED-SEARCH software is to develop a user-friendly solution tailored to researchers and scientists. This solution aims to enhance their impact by facilitating the analysis of data from modern, extensive datasets like PubMed and Clinical Trials, alongside real-world evidence. The central concept we offer is a Federated Search Workflow Engine, which has been designed and maintained to accommodate various infrastructure configurations for the convenience of users. In line with this approach, potential users have the flexibility to configure their own computing environment and a set of interesting data repositories, based on their specific requirements and capabilities. This customization can significantly reduce the time and resources invested in research. LIT-FED-SEARCH is constructed with the support of OpenSearch full-text search engine as its heart. This paper offers an overview of the system’s architecture, capabilities, and potential applications in the field of biomedical research.

Thickness of the hard palate : Anew criterion for the diagnosis of osteoporosis?

We were looking for an osteoporosis screening in computed tomography (CT) exams, simple and without additional examinations. We hypothesized that the criterion of "decreasing cortical thickness", may have an influence on the hard palate. Therefore, we investigated whether thickness of the hard palate (HPT) may serve as an indicator of osteoporosis for patients imaged for other reasons. Patients with dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) and CT were identified by a radiology information system (RIS)-based, full-text search. Measurement of thickness of hard palate done in existing CT image by radiologist and dentist and compared with available findings and DXA measurements. We identified a "test group": 57 patients with DXA and CT available out of 449 patient population and we selected further 70 patients without bone diseases as "control groups". The measurements showed that HPT correlated with age and bone density. The mean HPT was 2.4 mm in normal, 0.9 mm in osteopenia, 0.8 mm in osteoporosis and 5.3 mm in osteopetrosis case. No bone "healthy" patient fell below 1 mm. The relationship between bone density and HPT has not been described previously. HPT was highest in the bone-healthy group and decreased with age, osteopenia, and osteoporosis. Osteopetrosis, as a disease with increased bone density showed an increase in HPT. HPT correlates with bone disease. We propose a new criterion for assessment on CT and digital volume tomography (DVT) or cone beam computed tomography (CBCT). A threshold of 1.0 mm when applying a simple measurement of HPT on Head CT or DVT may serve as an indicator for potential osteopenia or osteoporosis as incidental finding without extra imaging further diagnosis and treatment leading to early notice of Osteoporosis.

The Effect of Unemployment on Health in Russia: a Systematic Literature Review (2015‑2023)

The influence of unemployment on health is widely discussed in the economic literature. However, the question about the negative direct effect or the deterioration of health of the unemployed population remains open in the context of the existence of a reverse effect — the influence of health on employment. This study aims to assess the statistical associations between unemployment and health status, as well as to identify direct and reverse effects in this relationship in the Russian studies. The authors use a systematic literature review as the main research method. The search is conducted in Elibrary, Cyberleninka and Google Scholar databases to find published works on the research topic in 2015-2023 for men and women of working age. The full-text search identified fifteen publications that were included in the systematic review. The selected papers used self-rated health, mental health, cardiovascular health, and general well-being as health indicators. All studies confirmed the presence of statistically significant negative associations between the “unemployed” status and health. At the same time, employed respondents of both sexes reported good health one and a half times more often than unemployed individuals. Nine studies presented econometric models linking the labor market status variables to health. Of these, only one paper estimated direct and reverse effects for a mental health variable. There was no direct effect estimate for the self-rated health. This gap in the literature will be addressed by the authors in their next article using the matching method. If the assessment of the direct effect is negative, the authors plan to develop a series of policy recommendations to improve the health of unemployed and economically inactive individuals at the regional and federal levels. Due to the innovative approach, this study is of a great value to the research in health economics.

Redis-based full-text search extensions for relational databases

Redis-based full-text search extensions for relational databases

Innovative Approaches to Full-Text Search with Solr and Lucene

Full-text search engines help efficiently process large volumes of textual material and provide appropriate results. Apache Solr and Apache Lucene are popular full-text search tools for indexing and querying huge datasets. This research study examines Solr and Lucene's strengths, weaknesses, and unique methods for improving full-text search efficiency and accuracy. Apache Lucene, the fundamental full-text search framework, has extensive indexing and querying features. Developers may tailor the search process using its flexible and extendable framework. Advanced indexing algorithms like inverted indices and tokenization underpin Lucene's search capabilities. However, complicated query needs and efficient large-scale data management remain problems. Solr, founded on Lucene, adds faceting, distributed searching, and rich text analysis to its search engine. Enterprise applications may use Solr's high availability, fault tolerance, and large-scale deployments. Solr has performance tuning and setup complexity issues despite these benefits. This study explores novel solutions to these issues and improves full-text search. Advanced tokenization and normalization may improve indexing tactics. Machine learning algorithms increase search relevancy, providing more accurate and contextual results. Query processing optimization is another invention. Caching, query rewriting, and parallel processing may minimize query latency and boost throughput. GPUs are also used to improve query execution. The article also discusses integrating Solr and Lucene with big data platforms and cloud services. Distributed computing frameworks and cloud storage may improve scalability and real-time search. How Solr and Lucene may incorporate AI and NLP to improve search accuracy and user experience is also investigated.

(023) Mechanical Therapy After Inflatable Penile Prosthesis: A Scoping Review

Abstract Introduction While inflatable penile prosthesis (IPP) allows reliable axial rigidity, common complaints perceived are shorter penis and reduced glans engorgement. Pre-operative factors, such as vasculogenic erectile dysfunction (ED) or corporoglandular morphology, provide a convenient explanation. However, post-operative factors are more recently being interrogated. Post-IPP mechanical therapy protocols, like vacuum erection devices (VED), are being instituted to ameliorate these complaints. The physiological rationale is to improve perfusion of residual erectile tissues and limit cavernous fibrosis/pseudo-capsule formation. This has been hypothetically explained by upregulating endothelial nitrous oxide synthase release, decreasing hypoxia inducible factor and tissue growth factor 1. Post-IPP maximal inflation protocols similarly resulted in a more capacious and compliant tunica albuginea and capsule. Objective To assess the utility of post-IPP mechanical therapy in addressing common post-operative complaints and enhance prosthetic erection. Methods Intervention: Post-op mechanical therapy Population: Men with IPP for ED, with/without Peyronie’s disease (PD) Inclusion Criteria: Articles published in English with full-text available Search Strategy: Literature search was performed in June 2023 using Medline, PubMed, Embase and Scopus. PubMed search included “Mesh” protocols and “free text” to correctly capture study population. Articles relating to the intervention were identified with free text search searches (“VED,” “vacuum erection device,” “vacuum constriction device,” “penis pump,” “mechanical therapy,” or “rehabilitation”). Review Type & Analysis: While a systematic model was initially adopted, a scoping model was ultimately chosen given the limited available literature & variable outcome measures. In this way, we sought to identify knowledge gaps and scope of current literature to guide further studies in this field. Higher-powered analyses were not possible due to inter-study outcome measure variability. Results Initial search strategy retrieved 81 non-duplicate studies with 30 selected for initial screening after search limitations. Ultimately, 5 satisfied inclusion criteria after full-text review and were divided into 3 categories according to post-IPP protocol employed: Early activation (1), Maximal inflation (2,3) and VED (4,5) (Table 1). A common theme encountered was that mechanical therapy improved post-IPP penile length and girth, compared to immediate post-operative measurements. Only one study used a control group who had their device activated for the first time after 4 weeks. The intervention employed in this study was device activation immediately after surgery, left 80% inflated and deflated at 3 weeks, then full erection at night for 3 further weeks. Compared to the control, at maximum inflation, penile length mean was 3.28cm longer and circumference was 1cm greater. In each of these studies, the differences reported were statistically significant. This was also associated with an increased number of pumps required to achieve full inflation over time, irrespective of mechanical protocol used. Articles that reported IIEF-5 and EDITS scores demonstrated a statistically significant improvement over time with post-op intervention. Conclusions Within limits of the included studies, post-implantation mechanical therapy appears to be useful in improving penile dimensions and patient satisfaction over time. The correlation with increasing number of pumps implies that compliance of the tunica albuginea and residual cavernous tissue may play a role in the pathogenesis of shorter penis post-IPP. Further high-powered studies in this area are warranted. Disclosure No.

(312) Manhandling: Post-IPP Mechanical Therapy – A Scoping Review

Abstract Introduction While inflatable penile prosthesis (IPP) allows reliable axial rigidity, common complaints are perceived shorter penis and reduced glans engorgement. Pre-operative factors, such as vasculogenic erectile dysfunction (ED) or corporoglandular morphology, provide a convenient explanation. However, post-operative factors are more recently being interrogated. Post-IPP mechanical therapy protocols, like vacuum erection devices (VED), are being instituted to ameliorate these complaints. The physiological rationale is to improve perfusion of the residual erectile tissues and limit cavernous fibrosis or pseudo-capsule formation. This has been hypothetically explained by upregulating release of endothelial nitrous oxide synthase, decreasing hypoxia inducible factor  and tissue growth factor □1. Post-IPP maximal inflation protocols may similarly result in a more capacious and compliant tunica albuginea and capsule. Objective To assess the utility of post-IPP mechanical therapy in addressing common post-operative complaints and enhance prosthetic erection. Methods Intervention: Post-op mechanical therapy Population: Men with IPP for ED, with/without Peyronie’s disease (PD) Inclusion Criteria: Articles published in English with full-text available Search Strategy: Literature search was performed in June 2023 using Medline, PubMed, Embase and Scopus. PubMed search included both “Mesh” protocols and “free text” to capture the correct study population. Articles relating to the intervention were identified with free text search searches (“VED,” “vacuum erection device,” “vacuum constriction device,” “vacuum,” “penis pump,” “mechanical therapy,” or “rehabilitation”). Review Type & Analysis: While a systematic model was initially adopted, a scoping model was ultimately chosen given the limited available literature and variable outcome measures. In this way, we sought to identify knowledge gaps and the scope of current literature to guide further studies in this field. Higher-powered analyses were not possible due to inter-study outcome measure variability. Results Initial search strategy retrieved 81 non-duplicate studies with 30 selected for initial screening after search limitations. Ultimately, 5 satisfied inclusion criteria after full-text review and were divided into 3 categories relating to the post-IPP protocol employed: Early activation (1), Maximal inflation (2,3) and VED (4,5) (Table 1). A common theme encountered was that mechanical therapy improved post-IPP penile length and girth, compared to immediate post-operative measurements. Only one study used a control group who had their device activated for the first time after 4 weeks. The intervention employed in this study was device activation immediately after surgery, left 80% inflated and deflated at 2-3 weeks, then full erection at night for 3-4 further weeks. Compared to the control, at maximum inflation, penile length mean was 3.28 cm longer and circumference was 1 cm greater. In each of these studies, the differences reported were statistically significant. This was also associated with an increased number of pumps required to achieve full inflation over time, irrespective of mechanical protocol used. Articles that reported IIEF-5 and EDITS scores also demonstrated a statistically significant improvement over time with post-op intervention. Conclusions Within limits of the included studies, post-implantation mechanical therapy appears to be useful in improving penile dimensions and patient satisfaction over time. The correlation with increasing number of pumps implies that compliance of the tunica albuginea and residual cavernous tissue may play a role in the pathogenesis of shorter penis post-IPP. Further high-powered studies in this area are warranted. Disclosure No.

Health Educational Methods for Improving Self-Efficacy Among Patients with Coronary Heart Disease: A Scoping Review.

Coronary heart disease (CHD) is the leading cause of death and disability worldwide, with higher prevalence in low and middle-income countries. Self-efficacy (SE) is an essential element that affects a patients ability to manage their care, and low SE levels in patients with CHD can lead to poor health outcomes and quality of life.Planning suitable methods to improve SE in CHD patients is essential. This review explores health education methods to improve SE in patients with CHD. Scoping review is reported based on the PRISMA Extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR). A literature search was conducted using relevant keywords from six primary databases, such as CINAHL Plus with Full Text and Academic Search Complete, PubMed, ScienceDirect, Scopus, Taylor and Francis, and one search engine, Google Scholar. The inclusion criteria were full-text articles in English that were accessible, research articles with experimental designs. The quality of evidence was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute critical appraisal checklist, and data synthesis was used thematically with an explorative, descriptive approach. Fifteen articles were found and included in the review. There are two types of interventions such as traditional and digital-based health education. The media used in traditional health education are booklets, pamphlets, posters, and workbooks. In addition, digital-based health education generally uses websites, social platforms, mobile applications, video players and sound clips. This review found that traditional health education and digital-based interventions improve SE, knowledge, self-esteem and health literacy levels, in CHD patients. Health professionals, including nurses, may used both methods in improving self efficacy in CHD patients.

Theme of Khmer document classification in the field of agriculture based on the use of Naïve Bayes method with keywords

By the empower of the technology and the Internet, there are huge amount of electronic text documents becoming available from day to day. Seeking information in the field of agriculture numerous collection is required well organized documentations that could be automated using text classification. Naïve Bayes, one of the most popular classification methods, is conducted with many languages such as English and Thai in order to do the classification such as post classification, document classification with preferable accuracy. In this paper, we will apply the Naïve Bayes method with Khmer full text search to improve the search result and user preference.

Research on Knowledge Sharing and Innovation Capacity Enhancement of Heterogeneous Research Institutes under the Construction of Knowledge Mapping

Abstract Enhancing research efficiency by managing related knowledge and forming standardized applications has always been an effort to optimize the work of off-site research institutes, and knowledge sharing is one of the most important methods in many practices. In this paper, the entity matching algorithm is used to identify and match the nodes in the knowledge graph, the connection algorithm is used to calculate and sort the data volume of each node, and all the nodes in the knowledge graph are connected in series. After introducing the update mechanism to establish the decentralized global knowledge graph, the knowledge graph has been integrated into the knowledge-sharing system to enable knowledge sharing between off-site research institutes. In this paper, the accuracy of the full-text search for knowledge graphs can reach 87%, which meets the demand for knowledge sharing. The speed of researchers’ research plan formulation in heterogeneous research institutes has been accelerated by 85.40%, and the efficiency of the research institutes has significantly improved. At the same time, the institute’s innovation ability also increased significantly, with a relative increase of 57.21% in the average number of patents filed annually. This paper provides a reference path for the realization of knowledge sharing among heterogeneous research institutes. It establishes a foundation for significant improvements in the efficiency and innovation ability of research institutes.

The split apparent diffusion coefficient sign: A novel magnetic resonance imaging biomarker for cortical pathology with possible implications in autoimmune encephalitis.

MRI is the imaging modality of choice for assessing patients with encephalopathy. In this context, we discuss a novel biomarker, the "split ADC sign," where the cerebral cortex demonstrates restricted diffusion (high DWI signal and low ADC) and the underlying white matter demonstrates facilitated diffusion (high or low DWI signal and high ADC). We hypothesize that this sign can be used as a biomarker to suggest either acute encephalitis onset or to raise the possibility of an autoimmune etiology. A full-text radiological information system search of radiological reports was performed for all entities known to produce restricted diffusion in the cortex excluding stroke between January 2012 and June 2022. Initial MRI studies performed upon onset of clinical symptoms were screened for the split ADC sign. 25 subjects were encountered with a positive split ADC sign (15 female; median age = 57years, range 18-82). Diagnosis included six herpes simplex encephalitis, three peri-ictal MRI changes, eight PRES, two MELAS, and six autoimmune (3 anti-GABAAR, two seronegative, and one anti-Ma2/Ta). Subjects were imaged at a mean 1.8days after the onset of symptoms (range 0-8). We present a novel visual MRI biomarker, the split ADC sign, and highlight its potential usefulness in subjects with encephalopathy to suggest acute disease onset or to raise the possibility of an autoimmune etiology when location-based criteria are applied. When positive, the sign was present on the initial MRI and can therefore be used to help focus further clinical and laboratory workup.

OAVA: the open audio-visual archives aggregator

The purpose of the current article is to provide an overview of an open-access audiovisual aggregation and search service platform developed for Greek audiovisual content during the OAVA (Open Access AudioVisual Archive) project. The platform allows the search of audiovisual resources utilizing metadata descriptions, as well as full-text search utilizing content generated from automatic speech recognition (ASR) processes through deep learning models. A dataset containing reliable Greek audiovisual content providers and their resources (1710 in total) is created. Both providers and resources are reviewed according to specific criteria already established and used for content aggregation purposes, to ensure the quality of the content and to avoid copyright infringements. Well-known aggregation services and well-established schemas for audiovisual resources have been studied and considered regarding both aggregated content and metadata. Most Greek audiovisual content providers do not use established metadata schemas when publishing their content, nor technical cooperation with them is guaranteed. Thus, a model is developed for reconciliation and aggregation. To utilize audiovisual resources the OAVA platform makes use of the latest state-of-the-art ASR approaches. OAVA platform supports Greek and English speech-to-text models. Specifically for Greek, to mitigate the scarcity of available datasets, a large-scale ASR dataset is annotated to train and evaluate deep learning architectures. The result of the above-mentioned efforts, namely selection of content, metadata, development of appropriate ASR techniques, and aggregation and enrichment of content and metadata, is the OAVA platform. This unified search mechanism for Greek audiovisual content will serve teaching, research, and cultural activities. OAVA platform is available at: https://openvideoarchives.gr/.