Full Denture Wearers Research Articles

Patient Satisfaction and Oral Health-related Quality of Life (ohrqol) of Edentulous People after Mandibular Denture Relining With a Soft-liner Material: A Pilot Study

Background: Oral health-related quality of life indicators have been effectively used to assess the influence of a range of dental treatments and interventions on patient satisfaction and acceptance. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of the relining of mandibular dentures with a soft-liner material, using the Oral Health Assessment Index (OHIP-14). Methods: Forty-two full denture wearers were selected from patients who attended 9 private prosthetic clinics in New South Wales, Australia. All participants had their lower dentures relined with a soft-liner material, according to the manufacturer’s instructions. Oral health-related quality of life was evaluated before and 1 month after relining using the Oral Health Assessment Index questionnaire. A simple descriptive quantitative analysis of the survey results was undertaken, including a comparison of median scores using the Wilcoxon paired test and binomial probability test. Results: In all the outcome variables measured, there was a noticeable positive effect from the denture relining. Specifically, mandibular denture relining with a silicon-based soft-liner material has a positive impact on patient satisfaction and oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) of edentulous patients. Conclusion: Patient satisfaction and oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) of edentulous patients can be significantly improved by the use of soft-liner materials.

RELAÇÃO ENTRE TEMPO DE USO E QUALIDADE DE VIDA EM USUÁRIOS DE PRÓTESE TOTAL NO ESTADO DO AMAPÁ


 
 
 
 Introduction: É crescente o número de pessoas sem nenhum dente no Brasil, 11% da população é desdentada total, o que corresponde a um montante de 16 milhões de pessoas e 33% da população faz uso de algum tipo de prótese dentária. O número de dentes presentes na cavidade bucal é pequeno, fazendo com que problemas sociais, físicos, psicológicos e nutricionais afetem diretamente a qualidade de vida dos edêntulos.
 Objetive: O objetivo deste artigo é relacionar o tempo de uso de próteses totais com a qualidade de vida destes usuários.
 Methodology: Foram entrevistados 299 usuários de prótese total mucossuportada e 48 usuários de prótese total implantossuportada por meio de dois questionários, o Oral Health Impact Profile-14Br (OHIP-14Br) e questionário sociodemográfico.
 Results: Ususarios de prótese total possuem melhor qualidade de vida em todas as variáveis comparadas com ussuarios de prótese mucossuportada e usuários de prótese total mucossuportada apresentam grande relação entre qualidade de vida e tempo de uso das próteses.
 
 
 

Food Consumption and Nutrient Intake in Relation to Denture Use in 55- to 84-Year-Old Men and Women -Results of a Population Based Survey.

To study differences in consumption of foods and intake of nutrients attributable to denture status. Data from a cross-sectional, nationally representative Health 2000 Survey, subjects aged 55-84 years (n=2,241). Denture status (edentulous with full dentures, own dentition with removable dentures, own dentition with no removable dentures) was used as an explanatory variable. The consumption of foods and intake of nutrients was used as an outcome variable and was measured using a validated Food Frequency Questionnaire. Denture status associated with food choices. Full denture wearers consumed less vegetables (p = 0.013 among men and p = 0.001 among women) and fruits (p = 0.001 among women), more sugary products (p = 0.012 among men and p = 0.008 among women), and their balance in fatty acids was less favourable than among dentate participants. Among dentate participants, the differences between the two groups were small and statistically significant differences were seen mostly in women. Wearing full dentures appears to be associated with unhealthier food choices, lower consumption of some foodstuffs and lower intake of certain nutrients when compared to the food choices of dentate persons.

Evaluation of an oral health promotion program for elders based on a cooperation model between public and private sectors

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a seniors’ oral health promotion program for establishing a cooperation model between public and private sectors. Methods: This study was carried out targeting the seniors frequenting a community center in the Sosagu district of Bucheon-si in the Gyeonggi-do province of South Korea. Data were obtained from selfadministered questionnaires or personal interviews with elders after they participated in the oral health promotion program. Their perceived satisfaction with their oral health before and after the oral health program was compared. The data were analyzed by t-tests, ANOVA, paired t-tests, and logistic regression using SPSS to assess the effects of explanatory factors on the seniors’ satisfaction of the oral health promotion program. Results: In total, 22.7% of participants had a positive idea about the oral health promotion program before their participation. The mean score of change in and difference of satisfaction with oral health tended to increase in each of the following groups: women, aged 80-84 years, number of permanent teeth, full denture wearers, and those who did not require dentures. Satisfaction notably increased 0.4 points in the group of full denture wearers (P<0.05). Moreover, after 1 month, the satisfaction level of the subjects who participated in the oral health promotion program increased 5.2 times (95% CI, 1.0425.49) compared to dissatisfaction levels. Ultimately, satisfaction with oral health shows a major impact on the satisfaction with an oral health promotion program. Conclusions: The subjects who received the oral health promotion program responded very positively, but this program needs overall consideration about work processes and further reliable evaluations.

A STABLE ARTIFICIAL TEST FOOD SUITABLE FOR LABELING TO QUANTIFY SELECTION AND BREAKAGE IN SUBJECTS WITH IMPAIRED CHEWING ABILITY

Color- and form-labeled particles of Optosil (version 1980, a silicone rubber, Bayer, Leverkusen, Germany) have been used previously to quantify the underlying processes of food comminution, i.e., selection and breakage, in subjects with normal dentitions. The aim of this present study was to develop a weakened Optosil that is suitable for the study of selection and breakage in subjects with impaired chewing ability. Half cubes (4.8 × 9.6 × 9.6 mm) were subjected to load tests to determine the force, deformation and work at particle fracture for periods of up to 6 months. Methods of modifying Optosil were (1) heat-treating the base material to produce “Optosoft”; (2) mixing the base of Optosil or Optosoft with a nonprescribed catalyst (Verone, Davis Schott Lander & Davis Ltd, Herts, England) to produce “Optoweak” or “Optosoft-weak” and (3) heating half cubes that were preweakened. A weakened and stable test food that is suitable for labeling and reuse has been obtained by color-dyeing the Optosoft base and using Verone (“dyed-Optosoft-weak”). PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS Every chewing cycle begins with selection, in which food particles have a chance to be placed between the teeth in such a way that they are at least damaged, if not broken, by the subsequent breakage process. Bite force is reduced in certain patients, e.g., patients with neuromuscular diseases, following orthognathic surgery and in full denture wearers, and the action of the tongue and cheeks differs when compared with healthy individuals. Both factors are important in selection and breakage. The artificial test food Optosil has a large fracture force so that it is difficult to chew for subjects with an impaired chewing ability. This problem has been solved by developing a weaker test food, i.e., “dyed-Optosoft-weak.” This test food allows the study of selection and breakage in general with color- and form-labeled particles and to determine the effect of medication, orthognathic surgery or oral implants on these processes.

Is the goal of mastication reached in young dentates, aged dentates and aged denture wearers?

The objective of the present study was to assess the impact of age and dentition status on masticatory function. A three-arm case-control study was performed. Group 1 (n 14) was composed of young fully dentate subjects (age 35.6 +/- 10.6 years), group 2 (n 14) of aged fully dentate subjects (age 68.8 +/- 7.0 years) and group 3 (n 14) of aged full denture wearers (age 68.1 +/- 7.2 years). Mastication adaptation was assessed in the course of chewing groundnuts and carrots to swallowing threshold. Particle size distribution of the chewed food, electromyographic (EMG) activity of the masseter and temporalis muscles during chewing, and resting and stimulated whole saliva rates were measured. Aged dentate subjects used significantly more chewing strokes to reach swallowing threshold than younger dentate subjects (P < 0.05), with increased particle size reduction, longer chewing sequence duration (P < 0.05) and greater total EMG activity (P < 0.05) for both groundnuts and carrots. In addition, aged denture wearers made significantly more chewing strokes than aged dentate subjects (P < 0.001) to reach swallowing threshold for groundnuts. Particle size reduction at time of swallowing was significantly poorer for denture wearers than for their aged dentate counterparts, despite an increase in chewing strokes, sequence duration and EMG activity per sequence. Masticatory function was thus adapted to ageing, but was impaired in denture wearers, who failed to adapt fully to their deficient masticatory apparatus.

Relationship between salivary histatin 5 levels and Candida CFU counts in healthy elderly

Few epidemiological studies have confirmed the antifungal activity of histatin 5 in saliva against Candida species. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between concentrations of histatin 5 and the number of cultivable Candida in saliva samples from elderly. Whole saliva samples were obtained from 124 elderly people, 65 years or older, living in a rural community. The concentrations of histatin 5 in saliva samples were determined by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using a monoclonal antibody. Total colony-forming units (CFUs) were counted on a selective medium for Candida. Multiple linear regression analysis was performed to determine the independent contribution of explanatory variables to Candida CFUs using age, sex, histatin 5 concentration and type of denture prosthesis as independent variables. Saliva samples from 104 subjects (84%) were candidal colony-positive. The youngest group (65-69 years old) showed significantly smaller Candida CFU counts than those in the older group. The mean Candida CFU count of denture wearers was significantly higher than that of non-denture wearers. Significantly negative associations were found between Candida CFU counts and histatin 5 level in the oldest group (p < 0.05) and in the full-denture wearers (p < 0.01). Multiple linear regression analysis revealed that Candida CFU counts were mostly associated with type of dentures, followed by histatin 5 concentration. Possible activity of histatin 5 against Candida in whole saliva of elderly people was epidemiologically confirmed. The area covered by the prostheses was a strong factor associated with the Candida CFU count.

The regulation of masticatory function and food bolus formation

This review emphasizes the following points: 1. The values of the physiological parameters of mastication (number of cycles and total electromyographic activity in the sequence, sequence duration, cycle frequency in the sequence, kinetic characteristics of the cycles) are characteristic of each individual and vary widely from one individual to another. In a given individual their modification reflects an adaptation of mastication to the size of the food bolus, and the hardness and rheological characteristics of the food. 2. The ready-to-swallow food boluses produced by different individuals nevertheless display similar particle size distributions. 3. Ageing entails adaptation of the masticatory function and does not impair swallowing. 4. Observed increase in total electromyographic activity shows that more energy is expended in mastication by full denture wearers. Despite this increased muscle activity, loss of teeth, even if compensated for by complete dentures, hinders the formation of a normal bolus. The food boluses made by denture wearers thus contain many large-size particles. The impaired mastication observed in denture wearers approaches the masticatory disabilities found in persons with neuromotor deficiencies.

Patient factors associated with oral and pharyngeal cancer diagnosis via dental practice compared to medical practice

Background. Early diagnosis of oral and pharyngeal cancer is influenced by providers' knowledge, attitudes, and practices, and by patients' awareness of the importance of symptoms and providers' ability to diagnose and treat them. Objectives. The purpose of this study was to investigate sociodemographic, behavioral, and clinical factors of newly diagnosed oral and pharyngeal cancer patients that were associated with the initial healthcare contact leading to diagnosis having been dental practice versus medical practice. Study design. Interview questionnaires and medical record reviews were conducted among a convenience sample of newly diagnosed oral and pharyngeal cancer patients undergoing staging evaluation/treatment at the University of North Carolina Hospitals. Data were entered in EPIINFO 2002 and analyzed in SAS version 8.2 with chi-squared, Fisher exact test, and Cochran-Mantel-Haenszel test of association. The outcome variable was patients diagnosed via dental practice (n = 13) compared to those diagnosed via medical practice (n = 33). Results. Characteristics of the initial 46 patients include: 65% male; 67% white; age range 21-83 years, median 56; 67% high school education or less; 35% income under $20,000/year; 83% current or past smokers, median 44 pack-year; 24% reported having a drinking problem. Most (87%) had medical insurance and 48% had dental insurance. Most were diagnosed late (83% stage III or IV) and had squamous cell carcinoma (85%). The most common sites were tongue (n = 13) and tonsil (n = 11). Dental practice was significantly more likely to be the route of diagnosis for full and partial denture wearers (P = .018) and those with local stage I or II disease at diagnosis (P = .004). Medical practice was the more likely route to diagnosis for those who felt they had good general health (P = .008) and good health of teeth and gums (P = .036). There was no difference in gender, race, age, tobacco or alcohol use, education, medical and dental attendance patterns, income, or medical/dental insurance coverage between groups. Most (91%) had 1 or more warning symptoms, including 49% with oropharyngeal pain or soreness at diagnosis. Of all symptoms, only patients with voice change (P = .049) were more likely to seek medical practice assessment. Specific tumor site was associated with type of provider sought for help (P = .009). Conclusions. Of this small convenience sample of newly diagnosed oral and pharyngeal cancer patients seen for staging/treatment at an academic medical center, those who were diagnosed via dental practice are more likely to wear dentures and to have early stage I and II disease than those diagnosed via medical practice.

The continuing reduction of the residual alveolar ridges in complete denture wearers: a mixed-longitudinal study covering 25 years

The effect of the wearing of complete dentures on facial morphology has been the object of a series of longitudinal studies by the present author. 1 Tallgren A. Changes in Adult Face Height Due to Ageing, Wear and Loss of Teeth and Prosthetic Treatment; A Roentgen Cephalometric Study Mainly on Finnish Women, Acta Odont. 24. Suppl, Scand. 151957: 1-122 Google Scholar , 2 Tallgren A. The Reduction in Face Height of Edentulous and Partially Edentulous Subjects During Long-Term Denture Wear; A Longitudinal Roentgenographic Cephalometric Study, Acta Odont. Scand. 1966; 24: 195-239 Google Scholar , 3 Tallgren A. The Effect of Denture Wearing on Facial Morphology; A 7-Year Longitudinal Study, Acta Odont. Scand. 1967; 25: 563-592 Google Scholar , 4 Tallgren A. Positional Changes of Complete Dentures; A 7-Year Longitudinal Study, Acta Odont. Scand. 1969; 27: 539-561 Google Scholar The resorption of the residual alveolar ridges during a seven-year period of denture wear was found to have caused a pronounced reduction of the pre-extraction morphologic face height and an accompanying although less marked reduction in the rest face height. 2 Tallgren A. The Reduction in Face Height of Edentulous and Partially Edentulous Subjects During Long-Term Denture Wear; A Longitudinal Roentgenographic Cephalometric Study, Acta Odont. Scand. 1966; 24: 195-239 Google Scholar In subjects provided with complete upper and partial lower free-end dentures, the decrease in facial height was, on the average, only half that noted in the complete denture group. The adaptive changes in the rest face height to the alterations in the morphologic face height have been confirmed in several other studies. 5 Atwood DA. A Cephalometric Study of the Clinical Rest Position of the Mandible. Part I. The Variability of the Clinical Rest Position Following the Removal of Occlusal Contacts, J. Prosthet. Dent. 1957;6:504-519. Google Scholar , 6 Duncan ET and Williams ST. Evaluation of Rest Position as a Guide in Prosthetic Treatment, J. Prosthet. Dent. 1960;10:643-650. Google Scholar , 7 Swerdlow H. Roentgencephalometric Study of Vertical Dimension Changes in Immediate Denture Patients, J. Prosthet. Dent. 1964;14:635-650. Google Scholar , 8 Carlsson G.E. Ericson S. Postural Face Height in Full Denture Wearers; A Longitudinal X-Ray Cephalometric Study, Acta Odont. Scand. 1967; 25: 145-162 Google Scholar , 9 Nairn R.I. Cutress T.W. Changes in Mandibular Position Following Removal of the Remaining Teeth and Insertion of Immediate Complete Dentures, Br. Dent. J. 1967; 122: 303-306 Google Scholar , 10 Ismail YH, George WA, Sassouni V and Scott RH. Cephalometric Study of the Changes Occurring in the Face Height Following Prosthetic Treatment. Part I. Gradual Reduction of Both Occlusal and Rest Face Heights, J. Prosthet. Dent. 1968;19:321-330. Google Scholar

KARAKTERISTIK PERUBAHAN KEJELASAN BICARA PADA PEMAKAI GIGI TIRUAN LENGKAP DALAM UCAPAN KONSONAN LINGUO PALATAL /C/, /J/

Proper and clear pronounciation are problems that usually rising i patients with edentulous ridge. To overcome that problem a full denture is highly needed, so that the patients can eas as well, to fulfill the esthetic problems and good in speaking. In Phonetics there is a difference between vocal and consonant, it depends on how the modification of the air flow in respiration in the oral cavity. In this research, the point of view is the linguopalatal consonant /c/ an /j/ that had a place of articulation in front of the palatum. In full denture wearers there is a difficulty in pronouncing this consonant properly because the Upper Full Denture has a palatal plate, in which this linguopalatal consonant has a place in the middle of the paalatum. This research evaluated the quality of pronouncing the linguopalatal consonant after the day of insertion, after 3 days, 10 days and also before using denture. 25 respondents using denture for the first time and 3 researchers evaluated the proper and clear pronounciation of 6 words (cacah, cicih, cucu, jajah, jijik, juju). The result of this study is here there is no progress in proper pronounciation using the word cacah, cicih and cucu. On the other hand there is an increase about 20% in good pronouncing the word jajah, and also there is a decreasing percentage in pronouncing word jijik and juju. After day 10, all of the words can be pronounced well except word jijik . So there is a special characteristic in full denture wearers for consonant /c/ and /j/.

Risk indicators of edentulism, partial tooth loss and prosthetic status among black and white middle-aged and older adults.

To describe the prevalence and risk indicators of edentulism; to describe the frequencies of wearing removable dentures; to describe the prevalence and risk indicators of fixed prosthetic restorations; to test the hypothesis that fixed prosthetic restorations are most likely to have been placed in persons at lower risk for dental and periodontal diseases, and to test the hypothesis that, with dental disease, dental behaviors, dental attitudes and ability to afford crowns taken into account, blacks are less likely than whites to have received crowns. The Florida Dental Care Study is a cohort study of subjects 45 years old or older. A telephone screening interview was done as a first stage to identify 5254 subjects who met eligibility requirements and who self-reported whether they were edentulous. In a second stage, a subsample of dentate subjects was contacted after they completed their telephone screening interview. Of these, 873 subjects completed a baseline in-person interview and dental examination. A total of 19% of first-stage subjects were edentulous. In a single multiple logistic regression, having a poorer self-rated level of general health was significantly associated with edentulism, as were being poor, older and white. Among the second-stage participants (all of whom were dentate), several prosthetic patterns were observed. For example, a total of 64% of maxillary full denture wearers reported wearing their denture all the time. Participants had also received numerous fixed prosthodontic services. The proportion of subjects with at least one crown varied widely by subject characteristics. A substantial percentage of non-ideal frequencies of wearing removable prostheses was reported, as were prosthesis-related soreness and broken prostheses. Although we expected and observed an association between having a fixed prosthetic crown and periodontal status, dental fillings, dental attitudes and financial resources, a residual association with race suggests that blacks are much less likely to receive prosthetic crowns. The several possible reasons for this circumstance warrant further investigation.

Risk indicators of edentulism, partial tooth loss and prosthetic status among black and white middle‐aged and older adults

Abstract – Objectives: To describe the prevalence and risk indicators of edentulism; to describe the frequencies of wearing removable dentures; to describe the prevalence and risk indicators of fixed prosthetic restorations; to test the hypothesis that fixed prosthetic restorations are most likely to have been placed in persons at lower risk for dental and periodontal diseases, and to test the hypothesis that, with dental disease, dental behaviors, dental attitudes and ability to afford crowns taken into account, blacks are less likely than whites to have received crowns. Methods: The Florida Dental Care Study is a cohort study of subjects 45 years old or older. A telephone screening interview was done as a first stage to identify 5254 subjects who met eligibility requirements and who self‐reported whether they were edentulous. In a second stage, a subsample of dentate subjects was contacted after they completed their telephone screening interview. Of these, 873 subjects completed a baseline in‐person interview and dental examination. Results: A total of 19% of first‐stage subjects were edentulous. In a single multiple logistic regression, having a poorer self‐rated level of general health was significantly associated with edentulism, as were being poor, older and white. Among the second‐stage participants (all of whom were dentate), several prosthetic patterns were observed. For example, a total of 64% of maxillary full denture wearers reported wearing their denture all the time. Participants had also received numerous fixed prosthodontic services. The proportion of subjects with at least one crown varied widely by subject characteristics. Conclusions: A substantial percentage of non‐ideal frequencies of wearing removable prostheses was reported, as were prosthesis‐related soreness and broken prostheses. Although we expected and observed an association between having a fixed prosthetic crown and periodontal status, dental fillings, dental attitudes and financial resources, a residual association with race suggests that blacks are much less likely to receive prosthetic crowns. The several possible reasons for this circumstance warrant further investigation.

高齢総義歯装着者におけるそしゃく状況

This survey was conducted to determine the chewing ability and self-denture evaluation by elderly full denture wearers. Forty patients whose dentures were made by the same dentist were divided into four groups of 10 patients according to gender and age (65-74 years, over 75 years). A subjective evaluation of the occlusion of the denture was made by using a visual analogue scale (VAS). The masticatory ability of these subjects were scored from 0 to 100 with the table for evaluation of chewing function designed by Satoh et al. The maximum occlusal force was measured with the pressure sensitive sheet “Dental Prescale 50 H.”The results were as follows:1. 90% of the patients scored over 70 with the VAS for denture occlusion. Chewing function scores ranged from 25 to 90; the median value was 50. Maximum occlusal forces ranged from 49 N to 503 N; the median value was 216 N.2. The female group over 75 years old showed lower values than any other group.3. A significant correlation (p<0.01, Spearman's rank correlation) was found between VAS scores of occlusion and chewing function scores.4. No significant correlation was found between the VAS scores of occlusion and the maximum occlusal forces.

PRESENÇA DE LEVEDURAS DO GÊNERO CANDIDA NA SALIVA DE PACIENTES COM DIFERENTES FATORES PREDISPONENTES E DE INDIVÍDUOS CONTROLE

Os microrganismos do gênero Candida são, em geral, comensais da cavidade bucal, mas, em determinados indivíduos e em situações específicas, podem transformar-se na forma parasitária, produzindo candidoses bucais. O objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar a presença das espécies do gênero Candida na saliva de indivíduos controle, comparando com pacientes que apresentavam diferentes fatores predisponentes. Foram avaliados 493 pacientes, divididos em 7 grupos: prótese total, prótese parcial removível, periodontite crônica de adulto, respiração bucal, aparelho ortodôntico fixo, aparelho ortodôntico removível e aparelho extrabucal. O grupo controle consistiu de 570 indivíduos que não apresentavam nenhum desses fatores, divididos em 2 grupos: infantil e adulto. Foram realizados o isolamento e a identificação das espécies do gênero Candida. Os resultados mostraram maior porcentagem de pacientes positivos para Candida nos grupos com fatores predisponentes em relação aos controles. Houve predominância de isolamento de C. albicans em todos os grupos, porém, os pacientes com fatores predisponentes apresentaram diversidade maior de espécies

Posterior jaw bone resorption in osseointegrated implant‐supported overdentures

For several years, osseointegrated implant-supported overdentures have been used in the rehabilitation of full edentulism with excellent results, at least in the lower jaw. This study involved 3 groups of patients with different prosthetic reconstructions: (1) mandibular overdentures supported by 2 implants connected by a bar (30 patients), (2) mandibular fixed prostheses supported by 4-6 implants (25 patients) and (3) mandibular complete dentures without implant support as controls (85 patients). The primary aim of this study was to examine on orthopantomograms (by means of the area index to minimize distortion and magnification errors), posterior mandibular ridge resorption in the 3 treatment groups. The present data demonstrated a minimal posterior mandibular ridge resorption in patients with fixed implant-supported prostheses. A more considerable posterior ridge resorption was observed in the complete denture group and especially in the overdenture wearers. For the latter, the annual posterior jaw bone resorption after the post-extraction remodeling period of 6 months, was 2- to 3-fold that of full denture wearers. When patients were edentulous for more than 10 years, the difference between the 2 latter groups disappeared. It is suggested that although the overdenture design on 2 implants offers advantages from a financial and failure rate point of view, its indications in younger patients should cautiously be evaluated in a long-term perspective concerning posterior mandibular bone resorption.

Angular cheilitis in a group of Sri Lankan adults: a clinical and microbiologic study

The relative importance of various factors in the pathogenesis of angular cheilitis in a population of Sri Lankan adults was studied. Forty-nine patients with cheilitis were examined clinically and microbiologically. Only 5 of 49 patients were full denture wearers. The clinical presentation of the lesions could be categorized as mild (Type I), moderate (Type II) or severe (Type III) and the duration of the lesions ranged from 1 month to more than 4 yr. Hematologic investigations revealed 18 patients with low hemoglobin 8 of whom had hypochromic, microcytic anaemia. Pathogenic organisms were isolated from 59% of the lesions; Candida spp. in 24 patients and Staph. aureus in 11 patients. A significant positive relationship between commissural leukoplakia and an infective etiology of angles was noted. This study confirms the multifactorial etiology of angular cheilitis while highlighting the varied clinical presentation of the lesions in an Asian population.

義歯洗浄剤が口臭に及ぼす影響に関する研究

The purpose of this study is to measure the human breathes of denture wearers by using breath sensor, and to evaluate the influence of denture cleansing. The following results were obtained. 1. There is a possibility that the human breathes of full denture wearers may originate from their dentures. 2. There is a possibility that the cleansed dentures may cover the smell of the patient's oral mucosa itself and may reduce the apparent human breathes. Anyhow, the human breathes of denture wearers reduce significantly by using the denture cleanser.

Reduction of mandibular residual ridge after vestibuloplasty. A two-year follow-up study comparing the Edlan flap, mucosal and skin graft operations

Mandibular residual ridge reduction (RRR) after Edlan flap vestibuloplasty, buccal mucosal graft, and split skin graft vestibuloplasty was measured on lateral cephalometric radiographs obtained 1, 3, 6, 12 and 24 months postsurgery in 50 patients. The ridge reduction was most severe during the immediate postoperative period. The different operation methods did not give rise to significant variations in the reduction pattern, neither did the sex of the patient appear to be an important factor. The temporary increase of mandibular resorption after vestibuloplasty surgery is of a magnitude comparable to the average RRR during 1 year in full denture wearers with a long denture experience.

Studies of the masticatory efficiency and muscle force of temporal and masseter muscles in full denture wearers by light absorption method

Studies of the masticatory efficiency and muscle force of temporal and masseter muscles in full denture wearers by light absorption method