Full Cans Research Articles

Temporal drivers of liking by period: A case study on lemon-flavored carbonated alcoholic drinks with consumers in natural settings

Key driver analysis has long been used to identify important attributes that could positively or negatively contribute to product liking among target consumers. However, most studies focus only on how a desirable product should or should not be perceived, without considering when these perceptions dynamically occur during consumer interaction with the product. The objective of this study was to investigate drivers of liking with considerations of temporal descriptions collected from consumers having tasted full cans of four lemon-flavored carbonated alcoholic drinks at home. A total of 193 naïve consumers were asked to check all applicable items from a check-all-that-apply list among eight attributes during three periods of perception— “in mouth before swallowing,” “immediately after swallowing” and “aftertaste”—for three sips (1st, 4th, and 7th) of each can, using their own smartphones while tasting each drink at home. Drivers of liking were analyzed both with and without considering the temporality of the three periods. The results suggested that taking dynamic perceptions into account enables the capture of not only the drivers of liking at the precise moment of tasting, but also further details. The results also indicated that bitterness perceived in the mouth before swallowing and as an aftertaste negatively contributed to product liking, and that lemon aroma had the greatest positive contribution to product liking in the aftertaste period. These results suggest that “temporal drivers of liking by period” could add greater value for product development and marketing purposes.

Intra-rater and inter-rater reliability of six musculoskeletal preparticipatory screening tests.

BackgroundHigh injury prevalence rates call for effective sports injury prevention strategies, which include the development and application of practical and reliable pre-participatory screening tools.ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to investigate the intra-rater and inter-rater reliability of the one-legged hyperextension test (1LHET), the empty can (EC) and full can (FC) tests, the standing stork test (SST), the bridge-hold test (BHT) and the 747 balance test (747BT).MethodThirty-five healthy, injury-free male athletes (cricket and soccer players), aged 16–24 years, were evaluated by two physiotherapists. For each of the tests, the participants were evaluated twice (on two consecutive days) by each physiotherapist. Both the intra- and inter-rater reliability were determined. Cohen’s kappa (k) was calculated for the 1LHET, the EC and FC tests and the SST. The intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) was used for the BHT and the 747BT. A confidence level of 95% (p ≤ 0.05) was applied as the criterion for determining the statistical significance of the results.ResultsThe SST presented with the lowest level of intra-rater agreement (ICC = –0.20 to 0.10). On the other hand, the EC test was the only test where one rater achieved an excellent intersessional agreement (k = 0.80; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.40–1.20). Substantial to excellent results for the inter-rater agreement for both sessions were recorded for the 1LHET (k = 0.70–0.90) and the BHT (ICC = 0.70–0.90).ConclusionReliability values need to be considered when making clinical decisions based on screening tests. A more refined description of the testing procedures and criteria for interpretation might be necessary before including the six screening tests investigated in this study in formal screening protocols.Clinical implicationConfirmed reliability of screening tests would enable sports professionals to make informed decisions when designing preparticipatory musculoskeletal screening tools and when dealing with the management of injury risks in athletes.Keywordsmusculoskeletal screening; injury risk management; intra-rater reliability; inter-rater reliability; soccer; cricket.

Spit If You Call It Fear

Spit If You Call It Fear Tyler Barton (bio) Waylon still ain't over Y2K. He's my brother and I love him but Jesus, I won't miss him. His canned goods stockpile is so big and silver in his backyard you can see it from Google Maps. He tears off all the labels on account of food is food, so it's just can after can, stacked two-tall, running in rows from the edge of the woods up to the porch of the home we grew up in. The underground shelter he dug is packed with bottles of Nestle water—you know, the cheap shit, tastes like pipe. "That's how life's gonna taste anyway," he likes to tell me, "when it all zeroes out." He's yet to invite me, or anyone else, into his postapocalypse fantasy—all this prepping's all for him, his private Independence Day. Or at least that's how it seemed until today, when I come with him canning. He won't answer my check-up calls, so the only way to talk to him is to help with some project. So we're out behind Aldi's with a black trash bag for full cans, a white one for empties. Waylon's up on the Dumpster, about to hop inside, but then he stops, pats his ass pocket, pulls out his cellular. "Mom calling?" I ask. He's just standing up there, balancing on the edge, staring at the technology. A doc who's asked daily to stop practicing medicine—that's what Way looks like to me. It's the beige trench jacket, like a surgeon's stained lab coat, his big bottle glasses with the left lens cracked. Those muttonchops got wild since his re-enactor days. Forever he'll be a head taller, three years my senior, and tenfold braver. "You think she's the only person I talk to?" he says, glaring down at me. "Know full well she is." He's afraid of people, though he spits if you call it fear—more like nobody's worthy of his trust. He's a loner. MacGyver. Three clicks batshit. Always armed. "Well," he says, pecking out a text message. "Wrong!" What we'll do with the used aluminum is haul it all to Waylon's place, where he'll melt it in his backyard forge and fashion thin pieces of armor—lightweight and wearable and, to his mind, resistant to electricity. Waylon's future's got blue bolts of man-made lightning leaping across the plain like antelopes, galloping toward all of our homes and bodies, hot for a place to rest. It was supposed to happen on Y2K, but things've been delayed, thanks to our father. 2038—now that's the year the computers are set to lose their shit, Waylon says, something about a hiccup with [End Page 48] the date change, Earth's tilt, 32-bit systems, binary's going to break. The world's set to enter something called the Trinary period, where all computer systems and electrical programs will have to adapt to a new code with three numbers—0,1, and 2. And like every in-between period in history, the sure-as-shit result will be a ton of pain. Unrest. A power grid that becomes, itself, a critter species, roaming all of the terrestrial US. Rivers becoming charged. Whole oceans. The rain'll snap and glow with current, Christmas lights tossed down from heaven. I always tell Waylon he should make a website, spread the word, who knows who you can find. Partners. A militia. Company. But he hates anything with a screen, which is why I'm half-spooked to see his eyes holding contact with the cellphone. "Who is it then?" I ask him. "Who you texting?" He's inside the Dumpster now and I'm just outside, talking through the green metal barrier. He tosses out an empty Progresso. "Carla," he says. "Met her on Prepper." "Prepper?" "Prepper," he says, poking his head up from the dumpster, handing me a half-drank High Life tallboy. "It's a dating application." "For nutbars?" I...

Degradation of heritage cans: Monitoring of museums’ collections

This paper presents the outcomes of the CANS project (Conservation of cAns in collectioNS), an interdisciplinary research aiming at proposing conservation strategies for full cans, still retaining their original contents, in museums and collections. The paper includes the results of the condition report, measuring the state of conservation of 150 cans from 5 Swiss collections, the correlation between state of conservation, content and age of the can and the extensive characterization of the cans’ materials for a better understanding of the corrosion mechanisms.

Applying a soft-robotic glove as assistive device and training tool with games to support hand function after stroke: Preliminary results on feasibility and potential clinical impact.

Recent technological developments regarding wearable soft-robotic devices extend beyond the current application of rehabilitation robotics and enable unobtrusive support of the arms and hands during daily activities. In this light, the HandinMind (HiM) system was developed, comprising a soft-robotic, grip supporting glove with an added computer gaming environment. The present study aims to gain first insight into the feasibility of clinical application of the HiM system and its potential impact. In order to do so, both the direct influence of the HiM system on hand function as assistive device and its therapeutic potential, of either assistive or therapeutic use, were explored. A pilot randomized clinical trial was combined with a cross-sectional measurement (comparing performance with and without glove) at baseline in 5 chronic stroke patients, to investigate both the direct assistive and potential therapeutic effects of the HiM system. Extended use of the soft-robotic glove as assistive device at home or with dedicated gaming exercises in a clinical setting was applicable and feasible. A positive assistive effect of the soft-robotic glove was proposed for pinch strength and functional task performance 'lifting full cans' in most of the five participants. A potential therapeutic impact was suggested with predominantly improved hand strength in both participants with assistive use, and faster functional task performance in both participants with therapeutic application.

Comparison of Supraspinatus Muscle Architecture During Three Different Shoulder Strengthening Exercises Using Ultrasonography

Background: Strengthening the supraspinatus is an important aspect of a rehabilitation program for subacromial impingement and tendinopathy. Many authors recommended empty-can (EC), full-can (FC), and prone full-can (PFC) exercises to strengthen the supraspinatus. However, no ultrasonography study has yet investigated supraspinatus muscle architecture (muscle thickness; MT, pennation angle; PA, fiber bundle length; FBL) in relation to supraspinatus strengthening exercises. Objects: The purpose of this study was to compare the architecture (MT, PA, and FBL) of the supraspinatus muscle during three different types of exercises (EC, FC, and PFC) using diagnostic ultrasound. Methods: Participants performed three different exercises: (A) EC; the arm was maintained at 60° abduction with full internal rotation in the sitting position, (B) FC; the arm was maintained at 60° abduction with full external rotation in the sitting position, and (C) PFC; the arm was maintained at 60° abduction with full external rotation in the prone position. Ultrasonography was used to measure the MT, PA and FBL of the supraspinatus. One-way repeated analysis of variance with Bonferroni’s post-hoc test was used to compare between the three exercises and the initial position of each exercise. Results: Compared with each initial position, the FC exercise showed the greatest mean difference in muscle architecture properties and the PFC exercise showed the least mean difference. Conclusion: The findings suggest that the FC exercise position may have an advantage in increasing the amount of contractile tissue or producing muscle power and the PFC exercise position may be useful in a rehabilitation program because it offers the advantage of maintaining the muscle architecture properties.

The Hug-up Test: A New, Sensitive Diagnostic Test for Supraspinatus Tears.

Background:The supraspinatus tendon is the most commonly affected tendon in rotator cuff tears. Early detection of a supraspinatus tear using an accurate physical examination is, therefore, important. However, the currently used physical tests for detecting supraspinatus tears are poor diagnostic indicators and involve a wide range of sensitivity and specificity values. Therefore, the aim of this study was to establish a new physical test for the diagnosis of supraspinatus tears and evaluate its accuracy in comparison with conventional tests.Methods:Between November 2012 and January 2014, 200 consecutive patients undergoing shoulder arthroscopy were prospectively evaluated preoperatively. The hug-up test, empty can (EC) test, full can (FC) test, Neer impingement sign, and Hawkins-Kennedy impingement sign were used and compared statistically for their accuracy in terms of supraspinatus tears, with arthroscopic findings as the gold standard. Muscle strength was precisely quantified using an electronic digital tensiometer.Results:The prevalence of supraspinatus tears was 76.5%. The hug-up test demonstrated the highest sensitivity (94.1%), with a low negative likelihood ratio (NLR, 0.08) and comparable specificity (76.6%) compared with the other four tests. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve for the hug-up test was 0.854, with no statistical difference compared with the EC test (z = 1.438, P = 0.075) or the FC test (z = 1.498, P = 0.067). The hug-up test showed no statistical difference in terms of detecting different tear patterns according to the position (χ2 = 0.578, P = 0.898) and size (Fisher's exact test, P > 0.999) compared with the arthroscopic examination. The interobserver reproducibility of the hug-up test was high, with a kappa coefficient of 0.823.Conclusions:The hug-up test can accurately detect supraspinatus tears with a high sensitivity, comparable specificity, and low NLR compared with the conventional clinical tests and could, therefore, improve the diagnosis of supraspinatus tears in clinical settings.

Empty can exercise provokes more pain and has undesirable biomechanics compared with the full can exercise

The purpose of this investigation was to characterize the scapular position and scapular muscle activation during the empty can (EC) and full can (FC) exercises. The EC exercise has been shown to produce scapular kinematics associated with the mechanism leading to subacromial impingement syndrome (SAIS) but has not been investigated in patients with (SAIS). This investigation will help improve the treatment of patients with SAIS. Participants with SAIS (n=28) performed 5 consecutive repetitions of FC and EC exercises. Scapular and clavicular 3-dimensional positions and scapular muscle activity were measured during each exercise. Pain was measured with the numeric pain rating 11-point scale. Participants reported greater pain during the EC exercise vs the FC exercise (difference, 1; P=.003). During the EC exercise, participants were in greater scapular upward rotation (difference, 3°; P<.001), internal rotation (mean difference, 2°; P=.017), and clavicular elevation (difference, 3°, P<.001) and in less scapular posterior tilt (difference, 2°; P<.001). There was greater activity of upper trapezius (difference, 4%, P=.002), middle trapezius (difference, 3%; P<.001), and serratus anterior (difference, 0.5%; P=.035) during ascent, and during the descent of greater upper trapezius (difference, 2%, P=.005), and middle trapezius (difference, 1%; P=.003), but less activity of the lower trapezius (difference,1%; P=.039). The EC exercise was associated with more pain and scapular positions that have been reported to decrease the subacromial space. Scapular muscle activity was generally higher with the EC, which may be an attempt to control the impingement-related scapular motion. The FC exercise of elevation is preferred over the EC exercise.

Electromyographic study of rotator cuff muscle activity during full and empty can tests

The empty can (EC) and full can (FC) tests are used as diagnostic tools for patients with rotator cuff disease. However, recently concerns have been raised that these tests do not selectively activate the muscle. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the rotator cuff muscle activation levels during the EC and FC tests in various positions using electromyography. Twelve healthy, right-handed men without shoulder complaints (mean age: 26.1 years, range: 23–35 years) were included. The tests were performed isometrically with the shoulder elevated at 45° and 90° in the sagittal, scapular, and coronal planes, either in the thumb-up (FC test) or thumb-down (EC test) positions. During these positions, the electromyographic signal was recorded simultaneously from the four shoulder muscles using a combination of surface and intramuscular fine-wire electrodes. The average activation of the supraspinatus and subscapularis was greater during the EC test than during the FC test and in the scapular and coronal planes than in the sagittal plane at 90°. For the infraspinatus, there were no significant differences in any positions between the two tests. Thus, the rotator cuff muscles are influenced by arm position and the elevation plane during the EC and FC tests.

Meeting Real-Time Constraints in CAN

This paper deals with the problem of information flow scheduling in a communication system based on CAN ISO IS-11898 physical medium access mechanism. It mainly features a bus access arbitration protocol based on a priority assigned to each message to be transmitted; if two or more messages are transmitted at the same time by different communication nodes, only the message with the highest priority continues to be transmitted, the other being stopped. In real-time applications, messages are relevant to process variables which must be transmitted within strict time constraints; according to the CAN ISO IS-11898 bus arbitration protocol, respect of real-time constraints depends on the priority assigned to each variable. The aim of the paper is to propose a procedure for dynamic assignment of priorities to variables to be transmitted, in such a way the relevant real-time requirements are fulfilled. Although many other approaches can be found in literature, the proposal is original as it is based on standard full CAN communication stacks.

Proposal and evaluation of dynamic assignment of priorities in CAN

The paper deals with the scheduling of information flow in a CAN ISO IS-11898 communication system. It mainly features a bus access arbitration protocol based on a priority assigned to each message to be transmitted; if two or more messages are transmitted at the same time by different communication nodes, only the message with the highest priority continues to be transmitted, the other being stopped. In real-time applications, messages contain information which must be transmitted within strict time constraints; according to the CAN ISO IS-11898 bus arbitration protocol, respect of real-time constraints of time critical information depends on the priority assigned to the message conveying it. The aim of the paper is to propose a procedure for dynamic assignment of priorities to messages to be transmitted, in such a way the real-time requirements of the information conveyed are fulfillled. Although many other approaches can be found in literature, the proposal is original as It is based on standard full CAN communication stacks.

"A Country Boy Can Survive": Confessions of an Ex-Shitkicker

Not Forgotten '? Country Boy Can Survive" Confessions of an Ex-Shitkicker BY PATRICK HUBER Every year I make at least two trips home to visit my parents in Ste. Genevieve (pop. 4,411), a predominandy Catholic, mining and farming town in southeastern Missouri. Until it recently closed, my favorite place to hang out while I was home was down at the O.K. Corral, a local watering hole where proprietor Wally Bauman served up cold draft beer in chilled mugs and where fifty cents got you three plays on the jukebox. There, I'd gulp down icy Stag drafts, shoot a few games ofeight-ball, and occasionally eat a pickled egg or two with old high school friends. Once in a while Flick Samples, looking for a litde cheap entertainment, would bet Piss Schweiss a couple of bucks that he wouldn't drink a glass of dill pickle juice from the three-gallon jar on the bar. If Piss was in a good mood, he'd get Wally to set him up with a tall one. Usually, though, nothing much ever happened at the O.K. Corral. We'd just hunker down at the end ofthe bar, watch a hockey game on t.v., and catch up on one another's lives. After three or four beers, our conversation usually turned to reminiscing about the glory days of our fading youth—high school football games, favorite coaches and teachers, old girlfriends, locker room pranks, cruising town on school nights, weekend beer parties. Carl Roth would drop a couple of quarters in the jukebox and invariably he'd select #1 5 5 —Hank Williams, Jr.'s, "A Country Boy Can Survive"—and then, in celebration of our local anthem, Stupe Papin would order another round. No single song, it seems, reminds us of our high school days like that one does. Granted, HankJr. has released some godawful stuff in recent years, "If It Will It Will" and "Born to Boogie," come to mind, but his earlier songs still hold a special place in our memories. Looking back from the vantage point of more than a decade of reflection, I can now more fully comprehend the central role that Hank "Bocephus" Williams , Jr., and country music generally, played in my life as a high-school kid growing up in Ste. Genevieve. As teenage boys wrestling with issues ofmasculinity and peer conformity, my four closest friends and I drew on country music to shape our emerging identities and to help us negotiate that sometimes awkward transition to adulthood. In our limited social world we saw ourselves as different from the rest of our classmates at Valle, our small Catholic high school of less than three hundred students. We weren't like the more popular and upwardly mobile middle-class kids ("preppies" and "pretty boys" we called them) who served 105 on student council, belonged to the National Honor Society, organized Red Cross blood drives, performed in school productions of Oklahoma!, and aspired to go on to snobby Washington University. At the time we despised them, on principle, as brown-nosing overachievers. We poked fun at the way diey mingled uncomfortably at beer parties, nursing warming cans of relatively pricey Budweiser beer (almost $6 a twelve-pack in 1 98 5 ), and tryinginconspicuously to ditch their partially full cans of beer when no one was looking. They were always so fashionable in their trendy deck loafers and pastel-colored Polo shirts with the collars turned up, and seemed to us to be combing their hair incessandy. We weren't what we called "gearheads," either—the group of mechanically minded, working-class kids whose idea of fun was to pop the hood of somebody 's Chevy pickup truck and work on the engine in the bowling alley parking lot on Highway 61. Nor were we "potheads," a gang of boys from the nearby town ofBloomsdale, who, although they hunted and fished like us, also smoked dope, a hobby that my uninitiated group strongly condemned at die time. Rather, my friends and I were, in a word, "shitkickers"—sports-minded country boys who proudly embraced a rural identity and small-town lifestyle. None of us were...

罐詰用ブリキ板の厚さの不均一性に就て

Accuracy of the measurement of the vacuity of full cans by the elastic deflexion of their ends is greatly affected by the irregularity of the thickness of the tinplate, (1) therefore the authors have made this experiment to know of what grade the irregularity of the thickness of the tinplate of present-day home product is. With a dial thickness gauge four kinds of tinplate, (1) black annealed plate, (2) coldrolled plate, (3) finished tinplate 95 lb. base and (4) 100 lb. base, were measured of their thickness at every point 2 cm. apart lengthwise and breadthwise as shown in Fig. 1 (a). Partial distribution of irregularity of the thickness of each one sheet and irregularity of the thickness between sheets of the same kind were calculated from the measurements and the results are as follows : both irregularities above stated are equally about 2% for blackplate and coldrolled plate and about 1% for both finished tinplates of 95 lb. and 100 lb. base as shown in Table 1.

罐蓋底の彈性撓みにらる罐詰眞空度の測定

罐蓋底の彈性撓みにらる罐詰眞空度の測定

罐蓋底の彈性撓みによる罐詰眞空度の測定

罐蓋底の彈性撓みによる罐詰眞空度の測定

罐蓋底の彈性撓みによる罐詰眞空度の測定

罐蓋底の彈性撓みによる罐詰眞空度の測定