Fulfillment Of Desires Research Articles

Consumer’s satisfaction towards service delivery of Nepal Electricity Authority: (A case study of Kuleshwor branch)

Consumer satisfaction is fulfillment of consumer need, desires and expectation from their service provider. Now days, organization are trying to fulfill the consumer expectation and they are taking consumer satisfaction as primary goal of their organization. Main objective of present research article is to assess the consumer satisfaction towards maintenance service ,new consumer service ,meter reading service and revenue payment service provided by Nepal Electricity Authority, Kuleshwor branch. This study follows descriptive and analytical research design. Primary data has used in this study. The population for this study is all the consumer of Kuleshwor branch and fifty consumers taken as sample for this study. Questionnaire is the main tools of data collection. For the collection of data five point Likert’s scale has used. Mean, standard deviation and variance have been used as main statistical tool for analysis of data. From this research it is concluded that that overall satisfaction of consumers towards service delivery of NEA Kuleshwor branch is satisfactory but not best.

You are what you wear: the effect of religiosity, self-esteem and materialism toward conspicuous consumption of luxury fashion products among Gen Z

PurposeThe market value of luxury goods at the global and national levels continues to increase from year to year. The sales growth of the Indonesian luxury goods market is currently at 6.6% per year. The largest sales sector in the market is the fashion sector, with more than US$700m per year. Several big cities in Asia, including Jakarta, experienced a shift in the age group of luxury goods buyers to a younger group with limited income resources. The behavior of purchasing luxury goods in the low-income group is contrary to Islamic values, which prioritize the fulfillment of needs rather than the fulfillment of desires. This study aims to analyze the factors that influence the intention of Muslim Generation Z consumers to buy luxury fashion products.Design/methodology/approachThe purposive sampling method in this study involved 240 respondents who had bought luxury fashion products in the masstige category in the past two years. This study adopts the Theory of Reasoned Action (TRA) model and a quantitative approach through the structural equation modeling method.FindingsThe results of this study indicate that attitude towards behavior, subjective norms, self-esteem and materialism have a significant positive effect on the intention to consume luxury fashion, while the influence of religiosity was found to be insignificant. At the same time, religiosity has a significant negative effect on attitude towards behavior and subjective norms.Research limitations/implicationsThese findings indicate that if consumers who have a positive attitude toward luxury fashion purchases, can be influenced by their significant others, self-esteem and materialistic nature, then they tend to buy luxury fashion items.Originality/valueThis study extends the theory of TRA by adding religiosity, self-esteem and materialism and it uses Muslim Generation Z as the respondent. Masstige category of luxury brands is also used to take into account the affordability of its generation toward luxury fashion products.

Xyloid Sexuality

Abstract The Kenyan-born, US-based artist Wangechi Mutu is fascinated by the human body and its nonhuman possibilities. In Mutu's collaged works, human forms are repeatedly ripped apart and reassembled within fantasy landscapes that speak of decomposition and regrowth. This article analyzes the significance of trees to Mutu's project of dismantling the human. Drawing from critical plant studies, forest ecology, cultural anthropology, and the mycological turn, it argues that Mutu's artworks forcefully reclaim the nonhuman as a site of Black expressive culture. These artworks blur ontological distinctions between the human and the arboreal through xyloid sexuality, a weirding of human eroticism and reproduction that pushes desire, procreation, and sexual fulfillment beyond species boundaries. Mutu's use of xyloid sexuality can be understood as a radical utopian gesture to supplant the violence of the colonial gaze with a powerfully more-than-human Black gaze.

Young widowhood: A qualitative study of sexuality after partner loss

Partner loss deprives young widows of physical contact, emotional intimacy, and the fulfillment of sexual desire. Although disenfranchised and oppressed, sexuality is a core piece of women’s identity, and sexual bereavement may compel widows to reconstruct their sexual identities. This existential phenomenological study seeks to illuminate the sexual loss and coping of young widows aged 45 and under. Qualitative findings from 21 women indicated three findings: a) young widows felt profound loss regarding their sexual relationships, leading to deep physical loneliness and an initial disinterest in sex; b) some subsequently experienced widows’ fire, an involuntary and often distressing intense sexual desire marked by cravings, obsessive thoughts, and a longing for connection; c) widows’ fire complicated their struggle to understand their post-loss identities as sexual beings. These findings highlight the neglected and significant repercussions of sexual loss for young widows and point to a need for heightened support, psychoeducation, and research.

Clueless loneliness: Loneliness beyond frustrated pro‐attitudes

AbstractAccording to Tom Roberts and Joel Krueger's frustrated pro‐attitude account of loneliness, loneliness is primarily characterized as an affective state in which individuals perceive certain social goods as unattainable. The frustration of pro‐attitudes, or the desire for social connections, plays a significant role in understanding the nature of loneliness. However, in this article, I argue that the frustrated pro‐attitude account falls short in explaining a specific type of loneliness known as clueless loneliness, wherein a person feels lonely without experiencing a salient frustration of pro‐attitude. By analyzing five cases of clueless loneliness—the case of desiring the wrong thing, the case of failing to form concrete desires, the case of having an illusion of desire fulfillment, the case of holding self‐deceptive beliefs about need fulfillment, and the case of lacking a desire for social goods—I propose a revised account that acknowledges the complexity of loneliness and the potential disconnect between perceived social goods and the actual fulfillment of one's need for connection. My objective in this article is to demonstrate that this revised understanding of loneliness provides a more comprehensive framework for examining the nature of loneliness and its impact on different groups of people within society.

Death as the extinction of the source of value: the constructivist theory of death as an irreversible loss of moral status

In 2017, Michael Nair-Collins formulated his Transitivity Argument which claimed that brain-dead patients are alive according to a concept that defines death in terms of the loss of moral status. This article challenges Nair-Collins’ view in three steps. First, I elaborate on the concept of moral status, claiming that to understand this notion appropriately, one must grasp the distinction between direct and indirect duties. Second, I argue that his understanding of moral status implicit in the Transitivity Argument is faulty since it is not based on a distinction between direct and indirect duties. Third, I show how this flaw in Nair-Collins’ argument is grounded in the more general problems between preference utilitarianism and desire fulfillment theory. Finally, I present the constructivist theory of moral status and the associated moral concept of death and explain how this concept challenges the Transitivity Argument. According to my view, brain death constitutes a valid criterion of death since brain death is incompatible with the preserved capacity to have affective attitudes and to value anything.

Semantic Aspects of “Wish” in Iqbal’s Thoughts

Allama Iqbal (1877–1938) is a great poet, philosopher and thinker, he has a special place in his philosophy and ideas. He has expressed his feelings in poetry and prose. The life and thoughts of any writer and intellectual are hidden in his desire. In this research paper, an analytical study of Allama Iqbal's thoughts has been presented with the help of Iqbal's poetry, letters and other prose passages. He has mentioned the creation and fulfillment of desire in his writings. In many places, he has openly expressed that he has presented ideas about the identity of the Muslim nation and the life of an individual. Adopting the analytical approach of research, different concepts of hope have been derived from his thoughts in this paper. In the Iqbalistic research, only hope has been seen less than the meaningful point of view of national unity on the political scene. An attempt has been made to fill this gap in this research paper. Iqbal's desire was fulfilled in the form of the Muslim Unity of Muslims in India.

Fulfillment of homosexual desires as a radical action in bethan roberts' novel my policeman: Slavoj Žižek's perspective

The purpose of this study is to reveal the subjectivity of the character Tom in the novel My Policeman in fighting symbolic norms to fulfill his desires as a homosexual. Based on these objectives, interesting researchers In conducting this research researchers used the novel My Policeman, in the analysis will focus on the main character, namely Tom who is a homosexual. The purpose of this research is to reveal the subjectivity of the character Tom in the novel My Policeman in fighting the symbolic order to fulfill his desires as a homosexual. In explaining the subjectivity of the characters, the subject theory proposed by Slavoj Žižek is used. The method used in conducting this research is a qualitative descriptive method. The results of the study show that Tom's actions to follow his desire to enter into same-sex relationships make him classified as homosexual and ignore the sanctions he will receive, as a form of cynical subject. Tom fights against the symbolic dimension as a form of radical action by having same-sex relationships or being a homosexual. The radical action taken by Tom is a form of fulfilling the desire that is in him to achieve freedom. The freedom that kept him together with Patrick was due to a different kind of sexual urge that arose within Tom. Tom fights against the symbolic dimension as a form of radical action by having same-sex relationships or being a homosexual. The radical action taken by Tom is a form of fulfilling the desire that is in him to achieve freedom. The freedom that kept him together with Patrick was due to a different kind of sexual urge that arose within Tom. Tom fights against the symbolic dimension as a form of radical action by having same-sex relationships or being a homosexual. The radical action taken by Tom is a form of fulfilling the desire that is in him to achieve freedom. The freedom that kept him together with Patrick was due to a different kind of sexual urge that arose within Tom.

Two Face Personality in Identity Falsification and Catfishing Behavior on Online Dating Tinder

This research stems from using online dating, originally used to make it easier for users to find friends, relationships, or partners. However, online dating is often used to practice catfishing or identity fraud. This phenomenon arises as an implication of the ease of creating more than one personal account, which is used as a reflection of the identity that the perpetrator wants to display. This topic is related to the theme of computer-mediated communication (CMC), which allows individuals to communicate asynchronously, which makes it easier for perpetrators to find victims. This research aims to find out the experiences of catfishing perpetrators and how they interpret the experience of doing so. This research uses the phenomenological method, where each informant constructs meaning through their intersubjective side. Data collection techniques were conducted through in-depth interviews to obtain results from a first-person perspective. The results of this research describe the experience of catfishing perpetrators interacting and finding victims in online dating applications. In addition, the research also found that the perpetrators interpreted their catfishing practice not only as the fulfillment of sexual desires but also as the fulfillment of desires that are not in the real world (wanting to be praised, recognized, and have a sense of pride). The experiences and meanings of the research subjects reflect modernity and the fulfillment of sexual desires online. Unlike several previous studies, this phenomenological research can see the depth of the essence of catfishing behavior because it uses original data extracted from the perpetrator’s experience (first party).

Identitas dan Seksualitas dalam Akun Instagram Waria_Vip

This research aimed to look at identity and sexuality in the social media Instagram account of waria_vip. The cyber world was currently often used as a medium for spreading sexual content and as a medium for promoting prostitution. One account that used social media as a platform for existence was waria_vip which offered promotion services for transgender accounts that open prostitution services. The Waria_vip account had becoming a catalog containing photos of transgender vying to attract followers and users of their services. The uploaded photos feature photos of transvestites in vulgar and seductive poses to attract new followers to their account. The method used in this research was a qualitative approach with Maxwell's concept of cybersex. Cybersex was a form of transformation of the satisfaction of sexual desire which marks a change in culture related to sexuality which transformed to futuristic era because the fulfillment of sexual desire had been separated from space and time. Social media such as Instagram was becoming the perfect platform for transgender people to exist because identity and sexuality in social media were fluid.

MAGIC IN THE CONSCIOUSNESS OF MODERN HUMAN

Philosophers of all times and peoples tried to describe the mystery of magic, each time giving humanity their own images of magical practices, on the one hand, and the attitude to magic from the side of public consciousness, on the other. Turning to the problem of magic even today, in the era of worldview pluralism and the crisis of traditional ideas about the world, turns out to be quite relevant. Magic, which actually originated with humanity itself and passed through centuries and millennia, continues to exist in the consciousness of modern human.Some researchers talk about the onset of a «new magical era» and the formation of a whole subculture of magic followers. Yes, today in the individual and mass consciousness there is a sharp increase in interest in everything mysterious and supernatural: on the pages of newspapers, magazines, and social networks there are many ads from magicians and fortune tellers who promise to fulfill almost any wishes of people for a fee, television channels actively broadcast projects that talk about some magical events and phenomena, and even celebrities in their interviews tell how certain mysterious events happened to them, or how they personally turned to the mystery of magical practices. That is, we can say with confidence that the thinking and behavior of modern man is rightfully considered magical. Therefore, magic is not a relic of the past, but an integral part of the consciousness of a modern people. The aim of the publication is to analyze the influence of magic and magical practices on the consciousness and behavior of modern human. Research methodology. Research methods are comprehensive and based on a philosophical-anthropological and philosophical-cultural analysis of magic as an integral part of human consciousness. Discussion. Magic in the mind of a modern people exists in the form of: something prohibited, anti-social, anti-religious, dangerous and harmful; one’s native achievement of a certain goal or fulfillment of desires; everyday rituals and superstitions, which, although some do not associate the direction with magic, somehow have a strong connection with it.Conclusion. Magic is an integral part of the consciousness of modern human. For some, it is something dangerous, frightening, anti-religious and anti-social, and for some, magic appears to be an excellent means of learning about the surrounding world, a tool for subduing supernatural forces and obtaining certain benefits or fulfilling wishes. One way or another, each of us consciously or subconsciously performs certain magical rituals every day. Magic is so firmly entrenched in human consciousness that some philosophers speak of the onset of a «new magical era», which is associated with the open promotion of magical practices, supernatural forces and phenomena in modern society and the formation of such a phenomenon as a «magical worldview», which will perspective of our further research.

The Dreaming: Stories by Andre Bagoo

Reviewed by: The Dreaming: Stories by Andre Bagoo Sean Weaver ANDRE BAGOO The Dreaming: Stories Leeds, UK. Peepal Tree. 2022. 190 pages. ANDRE BAGOO'S The Dreaming explores the lives and dreams of everyday gay Trinidadians through the short-story form. The Dreaming is Bagoo's first foray into short stories, having written four books of poetry and a book of essays. Deftly and carefully, Bagoo critiques the culture of exclusion each of his various Trinidadian subjects experiences—while fully demonstrating his craft as a writer. Given the subject of most of the stories within this collection, Bagoo strives and succeeds in creating fully realized gay and queer characters whose sexual dreams and identities are not just a source of fodder for neoliberal narratives that broadly paint LGBT+ peoples from the Caribbean as agents without a voice. That's not to say that such narratives do not exist—there are moments of tension within Bagoo's work where the queer and gay characters experience discrimination—but they are just blips in the greater narrative construction of the [End Page 66] collection. Bagoo forgoes grounding such narratives within this work. Instead, he spends much of his work exploring gay sexual desire, pleasure, the complexities of same-sex relationships, and human connection through keen characterization and first-person narrative. Of importance, not all Bagoo's stories are inherently gay or queer. In fact, interspersed throughout the collection are other Trinidadians who experience heartbreak and loss alongside their gay counterparts. Bagoo's ability to fully realize characters in the span of a few lines and pages makes each of the stories in this collection stand out. Characters reappear in later stories, coming in and out of the narrative that seems to underpin each fiction, reminiscent of other diasporic writers from the Caribbean like Edwidge Danticat. While some might suspect Bagoo of recycling certain gay tropes—obsession with the gay Adonis or the failure to retain meaningful relationships—he does the opposite, creating uniquely gay Trinidadian identities that critique such tropes. Thus, each story delves deeply into the minds, desires, and dreams of the various gay personae that make their presence known throughout the interconnected stories—each story and character more tender than the next. Bagoo begins the collection with a heartful story, "Haircut," in which the narrator reflects on the inability to receive a quality haircut in juxtaposition with his failing relationship—highlighting the ways people ignore the needs and desires of others and the ways we become complacent in failing to articulate our own. Bagoo plays with narrative form in stories like "Selected Boys: 2013–2016," where the narrator, in diaryesque passages, recounts the various attempts he and his partner make in "an open relationship," which he is not necessarily fond of—marking each sexual encounter with the name of the man entering and exiting the relationship. Most stories within the collection explore the complexities of relationships alongside the tensions between sexual desire and sexual fulfillment. Each story always ends with a glimpse, some sense of hope, or a dreaming of things that might yet be. Furthermore, Bagoo draws connections between the island and his gay characters—showing that such dreams are an important aspect of the national imagination and challenging the assumption that gay men do not belong. For example, the short story "Prelude" depicts a young Trinidadian man named Finn who escapes the abuse of his father for being too feminine by studying in London. There, he discovers a different form of discrimination—he is never posh or good enough for the gay English men he meets, and he encounters various forms of racism. Upon returning to Trinidad and before reuniting with his family, Finn stays at a beach house where he finds a dead dog; he reflects upon the bleak omen: "I wanted Trinidad, but did Trinidad want me?" Yet he is not deterred and spends the night with his male taxi driver: "He kissed me. And it was as though I was swallowing the night sky with its diamond stars, the black ocean with its orange welts of oil rigs in the distance. . . . I held his dick in my hand, and I felt I was holding some heavy...

PRICE PERCEPTION, PRODUCT QUALITY, BRAND AMBASSADORS, AND CONSUMER LOYALTY: THE MEDIATION OF CONSUMER SATISFACTION IN SCARLETT COSMETICS

Fulfillment of consumer desires and expectations will create satisfaction in consumers so that consumers become loyal. The purpose of this study was to determine 1) the effect of price perceptions on consumer loyalty, 2) the effect of product quality on consumer loyalty, 3) the effect of brand ambassadors on consumer loyalty, 4) the effect of price perceptions on consumer loyalty mediated by consumer satisfaction, 5) the effect of product quality on consumer loyalty by mediating consumer satisfaction, 6) the influence of brand ambassadors on consumer loyalty by mediating consumer satisfaction. The population of this study were all female consumers of Scarlett cosmetics in the Special Region of Yogyakarta. The sample of this research is a portion of Scarlett female consumers in the Special Region of Yogyakarta with criteria aged 16-31 years who have purchased and used Scarlett products at least 2 times for as many as 100 respondents. This study used a sampling technique, namely purposive sampling. Data collection techniques using online questionnaires. This study uses data analysis techniques, namely partial least squares. This study shows the results 1) price perceptions have a significant effect on consumer loyalty 2) product quality has a significant effect on consumer loyalty, 3) brand ambassadors have a significant effect on consumer loyalty, 4) price perceptions have an effect on consumer loyalty partially mediated by customer satisfaction, 5) quality product has no effect on consumer loyalty mediated by consumer satisfaction, and 6) brand ambassadors have an effect on consumer loyalty partially mediated by consumer satisfaction.
 Keywords: Price Perception; Product Quality; Brand Ambassador; Consumer Loyalty; Consumer Satisfaction

Sexual behaviours of individuals with developmental disabilities in South Korea: A qualitative study exploring the views and experiences of professionals

ABSTRACT Background Despite the considerable number of young adults with developmental disabilities experiencing sexual desire and exhibiting sexual behaviours as part of their natural biological growth and development, there is a lack of research on effective intervention. This study aimed to explore the views and experiences of professionals on the sexual behaviours of individuals with developmental disabilities. Methods Semi-structured interviews with eight professionals specialising in developmental disabilities and/or inappropriate sexual behaviours were conducted, and their responses were analysed using a qualitative method. Results Professionals’ experiences were categorised into three based on the groups involved in intervention: people with developmental disabilities (desire, factors leading to lack of desire fulfilment), their family/parents (emotions and cognition/behaviours toward their child’s disability and sexuality), and professionals (current intervention method, lack of human/material resources). Conclusion Based on these findings, we suggest future directions for interventions to address sexual behaviours among individuals with developmental disabilities.

Motif dan Makna Penggunaan Fitur SPaylater di Kalangan Mahasiswi Universitas Singaperbangsa Karawang


 
 The increase in online shopping transactions due to the COVID-19 pandemic has prompted fintech companies to introduce Paylater services as a new payment method. One of the Paylater provider platforms is Shopee which is widely used in Indonesian society since the last two years especially among young people, including students at Singaperbangsa Karawang University. This study aims to determine the motives and meanings of using SPaylater for students at Singaperbangsa Karawang University. This research methode use qualitative methode with a phenomenological approach, because the researcher tries to find out the phenomenon from the experience of the informants directly, as well as the motives and meanings of the informants using SPaylater. The results of the study show first, the motive for using the SPaylater feature are just an experiments, suggested by friends, urgent need, and lazy to top-up Shopeepay. Second, the motive for (in-order-to motive) namely for managing finance, wanting to meet the need of clothes, wanting to buy what they like, and wanting to fulfil their shopping desires. Third, the meaning of SPaylater for female student is as a fulfillment of needs, a new way of credit for goods, budget suppression, and fulfilment of desires. 
 Keywords: SPaylater; Students; Motives and Meanings.

Motif dan Makna Penggunaan Fitur SPaylater di Kalangan Mahasiswi Universitas Singaperbangsa Karawang


 
 The increase in online shopping transactions due to the COVID-19 pandemic has prompted fintech companies to introduce Paylater services as a new payment method. One of the Paylater provider platforms is Shopee which is widely used in Indonesian society since the last two years especially among young people, including students at Singaperbangsa Karawang University. This study aims to determine the motives and meanings of using SPaylater for students at Singaperbangsa Karawang University. This research methode use qualitative methode with a phenomenological approach, because the researcher tries to find out the phenomenon from the experience of the informants directly, as well as the motives and meanings of the informants using SPaylater. The results of the study show first, the motive for using the SPaylater feature are just an experiments, suggested by friends, urgent need, and lazy to top-up Shopeepay. Second, the motive for (in-order-to motive) namely for managing finance, wanting to meet the need of clothes, wanting to buy what they like, and wanting to fulfil their shopping desires. Third, the meaning of SPaylater for female student is as a fulfillment of needs, a new way of credit for goods, budget suppression, and fulfilment of desires. 
 Keywords: SPaylater; Students; Motives and Meanings.

MARLINA: POLEMIK KE-SUBJEK-AN DALAM SASTRA DAN MEDIA

In a literary work , there is the desire of the character in it, and also the desire of the author which is listed and becomes the fulfillment of his desire. For Lacan , the fulfillment of desires is a process to achieve an authentic and whole subject. However, this is a complicated problem when it comes to dealing with and entering into a symbolic order. The film “Marlina The Killer of Four Acts” is one of the films that portray the problematics of the subject in a symbolic order so that it triggers the writer to understand the problem of subjectivity using Jacques Lacan's psychoanalytic theory. There are problems that the author wants to answer regarding the subject of Marlina, namely, 1) how is the image of the desire of the subject of Marlina displayed? 2) what is the desire of the film writer? and 3) what is the correlation with the media apparatus? This research uses the Lacanian psychoanalytic method to find answers to the problems of the subject in Marlina's character. The authors get results in the form of 1) how the image obtained by Marlina is identification in the mirror phase formed by language contaminated by other desires, thus making Marlina have a jouissance to get out of the symbolic order and achieve an authentic subject 2) also how the film's author's desire is a desire contained in the character of Marlina, and 3) how the media becomes a castration of the author's desire that prevents the author from achieving wholeness in his subject .

ڈیوڈ بیناتر کے دلائل کا فلسفیانہ جواب A Philosophical Answer to the Arguments of David Benatar

Declaring life to be the worst and consequently abandoning comforts and giving preference to non-existence over human existence is an ancient concept. The earliest traces of which were found in ancient Greek civilization. A glimpse of this concept is found in Christianity in the form of monasticism and in Buddhism in the method of attaining Nirvana. In modern times the term "Antinatalism" is used for this concept. The basic premise of this theory is that humanity must be eliminated from the world and that it is the responsibility of the people to abandon Procreation. Many contemporary Western Thinkers have tried to revive this ideology by presenting it in a modern way. One of the leading thinkers is David Benatar, who in his book “Better Never to Have Been, The Harm of Coming into Existence” presented Hedonistic Theory, Desire Fulfillment Theory, and Objective List Theory to declare worldly life worse. Also, by comparing the advantages and disadvantages of existence and non-existence, it is claimed that every human being is harmed by being created and all forms of life are worse. The purpose of this research paper is to provide a philosophical review and answer to these views. As a result of philosophical critique, this research leads to the conclusion that his arguments are flawed and weak, due to which non-existence has no superiority over human existence.

Metaphorical fields in V. Kaverin’s novel "The two captains" (to the 120th anniversary of the birth)

The paper focuses on the identification and description of text-building and meaning-forming (world-modelling, conceptual) metaphorical fields in V. Kaverin’s novel "The Two Captains". The metaphorical field is viewed as a hierarchical structure. The core zone is comprised of the conceptual metaphor "life/world – creativity"; the centre zone includes metaphors extending the core metaphor, in the first place, the metaphors "book of life/life – book" and "world – theatre" (read life, a page of life, the main character and others). The linguistic units which are used simultaneously in their literal and figurative meanings (history) constitute the periphery zone. The world-modelling metaphor forms a system of "figurative parallels" in the novel. Due to this, the form of a trope can vary though its stable semantic significance remains unchanged. "Figurative" parallels include cover not only tropes, but also words in their literal meaning. Owing to continuous repetitions and associative connections with metaphorical contexts, such words support and expand the sphere of influence of extended metaphors. Life as such is perceived in the novel as creative work harmonizing reality due to the expansion of the metaphor scope with the help of intertextual inclusions (The world is a theatre, people are actors and others) and as a result of the reconceptualization of the metaphors theatre, game. They change their negative connotation ("acting") to positive ("creativity"). The metaphors (book of life –) theatre and (book of life –) fairytale receive the additional meaningful connotations "realisation of a dream, fulfilment of passionate desires". Although the subject and image of the metaphors included in the metaphorical field differ, the seme ‘creativity’ enters the comparison feature of each of them.

A Study of Akutagawa Ryunosuke’s “Shigo”：Focused on ‘my’ Afterlife in the World of the Dream

Akutagawa Ryunosuke’s “Shigo” depicts ‘my’ afterlife as a return to the real world through a dream to meet ‘my’ remarried wife and friend S. Typically, “Shigo” has been read as an illustration of Freud’s theory that a dream is the fulfillment of desires and a passage to the unconscious. Therefore, in relation to this novel the focus has been on ‘my’ dream, not on ‘me’. However, as you can guess from the title of the work “Shigo”, which means “After Death”, the author’s main focus is not only the dream world, but also ‘my’ existence after death. It seems that the world of the afterlife has not yet been sufficiently considered in relation to the novel. For example, there is the question of why ‘my’ wife and friend S treat ‘me’ in the usual way, even while they recognize that ‘I’ have died. Ultimately, the question of why the dream is used to depict the afterlife has not yet been clarified. Therefore, in this paper, I will attempt a new reading of this work by re-examining the details of the dream world and the posthumous world of ‘me’, which have not been fully discussed in previous analysis.