Fuel And Energy Complex Research Articles

Enhancing the energy and environmental efficiency of the city's infrastructure based on optimizing its fuel and energy balance

The article considers the direction of increasing the energy and environmental efficiency of the city's energy infrastructure through the modernization of existing thermal power plants (TPP) and combined heat and power (CHP) plants using combined-cycle gas turbine (CCGT) plants. Fuel and energy balances of electric power plants have been constructed, and the energy and environmental effects of the use of CCGT have been assessed. The modeling of energy and environmental indicators for the thermal circuits of the CCGT was conducted using the Thermoflex, GT PRO software (Thermoflow) and the ISC Manager program developed at the National Research University "Moscow Power Engineering Institute (MPEI)". The analysis of CCGT efficiency in urban energy applications is based on modeling and optimizing the city’s fuel and energy balance (FEB). For this purpose, the OptiTEB program developed at the Department of PTS at the National Research University "MРEI" is used. Constructing fuel and energy systems in cities and regions is a pressing task that enables the planning of a strategy for the development of the urban fuel and energy complex (FEC), with an assessment of the magnitude of harmful emissions, including greenhouse gases. The article presents the results of work on establishing scientific foundations for modern heat supply systems, exemplified by a mathematical model of the Moscow thermal power plant and its optimization, taking into account the projected development of electric transport infrastructure over the coming decades, improving the thermal protection characteristics of newly constructed buildings, and the potential increase in the use of renewable energy sources (RES). The growth in the share of electric transport should be linked to an increase in the share of renewable energy sources (RES). Simply increasing the number of electric vehicles without a significant rise in renewable energy usage in the city's energy balance will not result in a reduction of carbon dioxide and harmful substance emissions. Expanding electricity generation through CCGT, alongside the growth of renewable energy use in the city, can lead to a significant decrease in carbon dioxide emissions.

Правовое регулирование технологий искусственного интеллекта и робототехники в сфере энергетики в Российской Федерации: проблемы и перспективы

The energy industry is one of the dynamically developing and investment-worthy areas where new technology is being actively introduced. The agenda is focused on digitalization and one of its most important products, artificial intelligence, as a popular and promising set of IT solutions applied in various areas, including the fuel and energy complex (FEC). The main risk of the full AI technology integration in the energy complex, as well as the creation of favorable investment conditions for its further development, is the imperfection of the legal and regulatory framework governing general and industrial aspects. This article analyzes the current state of legal regulation of AI and robotics in the energy industry of the Russian Federation, and also provides some examples of foreign legal experience on the topic under consideration. The jurisdictions of the European Union (with the subsequent implementation of legal norms into the national laws of the member States) and the United Kingdom were chosen as promising examples. It should be noted that in each of the selected states, a whole set of policy documents was adopted that consolidate the goals and objectives of AI development, as well as identify the main threats to the further integration of this technology into different economic realms, including energy. Besides, there are material differences in legislative approaches. The combination of the experience studied makes it possible to improve national laws on AI and robotics integration in the Russian FEC. It seems necessary to perform unification at the level of the federal law regulating the general provisions on AI. Besides, it is required to update special energy industry laws, including through the adoption of new energy security regulations at the substatutory level.

Analysis of trends in the financial sector of the global fuel and energy complex

Understanding the global impact of energy on the economy and the financial sector is crucial for improving their interaction, especially within the fuel and energy complex (FEC). This study aims to identify the primary investment drivers for the financial sector within the FEC. It incorporates opinions, conclusions, and forecasts from leading international organizations that monitor the financial sector and the FEC. Through comprehensive analysis, key investment drivers were identified, including renewable and nuclear energy, risks associated with nuclear energy usage, and the impact of traditional fossil fuel sources. The analysis revealed distinct clusters of investment drivers that shape the future development of the financial sector within the FEC. The study determined the rank, median, and relative ranking of investment attractiveness for each cluster and investment vector. This information is valuable for finance and economics specialists and holds scientific significance for experts studying globalization and energy sector trends. The complex cluster analysis used provides a structured system of potential investment drivers for the development of the financial sector within the FEC. This framework is applicable to related studies relying on expert opinions and forecasts.

Языковое и жанровое своеобразие топливно-энергетического дискурса

Any area of professional activity can have its own language and code to serve its own specific functions. We study linguistic units that function in the discursive texts of the fuel and energy complex, subject to the norms and laws of the development of the literary language, language and genre features of special texts of the fuel and energy complex related to different types and forms of business communication are established.
 The text fuel and energy discourse is an integral unit of communication containing a message about the fuel and energy complex (events, events, processes, actions, etc. of this area of professional activity), created according to the plan of the communicants, having a structural (compositional), semantic and pragmatic unity, processed in in accordance with the stylistic norms and functions of the language. The lexical content of discursive texts of the fuel and energy complex (FEC) includes "sublanguages" of the fuel, energy and industrial sectors. 
 The communicative-pragmatic characteristic of the business communication of the fuel and energy complex demonstrates different aspects of the discursive text, in which three main levels of text formation are distinguished: structural/compositional, semantic, pragmatic. Linguistic (lexical, grammatical means, semantic potential of language units) and extralinguistic (speech situation, intentions and communicative attitudes of the speaker, strategies and tactics of communicants, speech characteristics of a discursive situation, etc.) are distinguished and described) means used in different styles and genres of discursive texts fuel and energy complex.

Топливно-энергетический комплекс Дальнего Востока: трансформация институциональной среды

The fuel and energy complex (FEC) is a complex inter-industry complex of the Far East, whose activities continue to focus on increasing the volume of production and export of energy resources. The introduction of sanctions against the oil and gas complex led to a violation of the logistics of export deliveries. The process of diversification of energy supplies to the rapidly developing market of the countries of the Asia-Pacific region and the domestic market that has begun requires the implementation of infrastructure projects of the fuel and energy complex for the construction of pipeline transport facilities. Termination of supplies of the European technologies and equipment, existing contracts for the maintenance of supplied equipment, as well as a ban on investments, exacerbated the problem of technical equipment and modernization of organizations of the complex. The state of the fuel and energy complex of the Far East is characterized by a low level of development and competitiveness of its processing sector. Under the current conditions, the formation of a modern institutional environment is becoming an important condition for improving the efficiency of the fuel and energy complex and ensuring effective domestic demand for the energy resources of the Far East. Many problems of the development of the fuel and energy complex can be solved only through a competent combination of market mechanisms for self-development and effective mechanisms of state regulation. The purpose of this study is to study the transformation of the institutional environment of the fuel and energy complex and analyze the influence of institutions on the development of the complex in the Far-Eastern federal district (FEFD). The article gives description of the political, legal and economic institutions of regulation and development institutions that form the institutional environment for the functioning of the fuel and energy complex. The main forms and methods of state support for organizations of the fuel and energy complex are systematized. The main functions of the fuel and energy complex are considered. The study was performed using the methods of systemic and comparative analysis.

Optimization of the target planning mechanism of the fuel and energy complex enterprise

The dynamic change in the external economic environment of industrial enterprises requires searching for and developing methodological tools for an evidence-based target planning mechanism. This article reviews the key modern research works in this field, highlighting the constituent elements of target planning and the existing problems in their use. The methodological tools for collecting and processing information for subsequent analysis and informed planning of targeted solutions are described. A recommended matrix model for assessing the quality of incoming information for a fuel and energy complex (FEC) enterprise has been developed and presented. Using the hierarchy analysis method, the most preferred method of collecting and processing information is selected. Formal and informal methods of developing targeted solutions are characterized. The mechanism of identifying problems and setting goals at an industry enterprise is described. To explain strategic decisions when developing alternatives to targets, the authors have used various methodological tools and presented the results of selecting the most reliable methods. The target strategic solutions of the branch enterprise are defined and the priority tasks of its development are formulated. The sequence of the target planning mechanism of the FEC enterprise is given together with methodological recommendations for its implementation. Based on the brainstorming and the constructed Ishikawa diagram, the authors identify and present the key problems of an industrial enterprise. Using expert evaluation and establishing its consistency, the preferred scheme for planning and implementing target solutions of the enterprise has been selected. The results show existing causal relationships, presenting a diagram and a strategic map for one of the key target solutions of an industry enterprise. The interrelation of the target indicators with the internal processes of the enterprise is given to increase the validity of the planned decisions of the enterprise.

Offset of Emission Permits among Legal Entities Taking Part in the Permit Allocation Experiment (on the Example of Companies of the Fuel and Energy Complex)

Issues of protection of the atmospheric air are among the priority ones for the state. However, operations of companies in certain production sectors, which inter alia include the fuel and energy complex (FEC), are directly associated with the emission of pollutants into the atmosphere. A permit allocation experiment has been approved within the framework of the Clean Air federal project but the experiment performance procedure has a number of gaps making it impossible to efficiently reduce the pollutant emission volume. The author has studied the main problems on the example of the FEC, in particular, heat supply and generating companies. The impossibility of permit-regulated companies to dispose of permits including by way of redistribution may lead to serious consequences for both the environmental and energy security of the country. The solution proposed by the author is introduction in the applicable laws of the mechanism of redistribution (offset) of pollutant emission permits, which will allow to drastically reduce the atmospheric air pollution level in large industrial centers.

Technological sovereignty of the Russian Federation fuel and energy complex

The review to achieve technological sovereignty of the Russian fuel and energy complex (FEC) in the ongoing geopolitical situation is presented in the article. The main scope has been to identify the key technology development priorities, restrictions and internal resources to overcome these utilizing the developed by the author the innovative methodology that consists of novel approaches to calculate level of local content, digitalization, business continuity andinteractions with military-industrial complex. Some organizational changes have been proposed to intensify the development of hi-tech products for the FEC and related industries, including establishment of the state committee for science and technology and the project office of lead engineers for the critical missing technologies. Two successful examples to utilize the described in the paper methodology is presented: the first domestic hydraulic fracturing fleet and polycrystalline diamond compact cutter bit inserts.

Russian fuel and energy complex technology policy at the moment of energy transition

The objectives of utilizing the most out of scientific, technical and production potential of Russian Fuel and Energy Complex (FEC) to safeguard technological independence and economic development at the state of energy transition is reviewed in the paper. Main trends for the required multidimentional technical development of the FEC: local R&D and manufacturing for conventional industries, Industry 4.0 and energy transition technologies (including all aspects of reduce, reuse, recycle and remove greenhouse gases), industrial safety and environmental protection are covered. The author have reviewed the global innovation index and global investments market in R&D, presented an analysis of Norwegian, American and Chinese experience to flourish country investments in technical development. Some of the key priorities for the further development of conventional upstream sector have been identified and includes permafrost monitoring, reservoir digital twins, hard to recover reservoirs technologies, permanently deployed well monitoring systems, energy harvesting and energy efficiency technologies, CCUS. Specific suggestions to expand the public private partnership are presented as the ways to streamline technology development in Russian FEC. The author would like to express sincere appreciation to the director general advisor of the FSBU Russian Energy Agency D. A. Kozlova for the fruitful discussion.

ТОПЛИВНО-ЭНЕРГЕТИЧЕСКИЙ КОМПЛЕКС ИРКУТСКОЙ ОБЛАСТИ В СОВРЕМЕННЫХ УСЛОВИЯХ. ПРОБЛЕМЫ И ПЕРСПЕКТИВЫ РАЗВИТИЯ

The article discusses the formation of the power industry of the Irkutsk region (IR), the structure of its fuel and energy complex (FEC). The modern fuel resource base of the region and its prob-lems are analyzed. All components of the fuel and energy complex are considered: oil and gas, coal and electric power. The most problematic areas in each of the components of the fuel and energy complex are highlighted and some recommendations for their elimination are proposed. Also shown are new risks and threats to IRs associated with the fuel and energy complex region.

A comparative analysis of the requirements of Russia and the United States to the fire resistance of building structures of oil refineries and petrochemical plants

Introduction. Currently, national standards and codes of practice contain deterministic values of the fire resistance of building structures of facilities of the Russian fuel and energy complex (FEC), while a probabilistic approach to determining their fire resistance is not specified in the Russian regulatory documents. The methodology of the probabilistic approach to the fire resistance of structures is detailed in API 2218 “Fireproofing Practices in Petroleum and Petrochemical Processing Plants”, developed by the American Petroleum Institute.Methods. A comparative analysis of the Russian regulatory documents on fire safety and API 2218 in terms of the established concepts of fireproofing and requirements for the fire resistance limits of building structures of oil and gas industry facilities, is carried out.Results. It was established that the Russian Federation has no regulatory documents establishing methods based on the probabilistic approach, including determination of the required fire resistance limits and points of application of fire-resistant coatings at facilities of the fuel and energy complex by analogy with international standard API 2218.Conclusion. Based on the analysis, it was concluded that approaches to the philosophy of the fire resistance of structures of buildings and structures of the fuel and energy complex in the documents under consideration are fundamentally different. In order to improve the Russian regulatory and technical framework, governing fire safety and fire resistance, it is proposed to consider the requirements of foreign documents that take into account proven international engineering and technical practices, in particular, the use of a probabilistic approach taking into account hydrocarbon fires.

Novel non-magnetic steel for high-performance drilling and logging operations

The paper presents the results of realized project aimed on development of the Russian non-magnetic steel for borehole equipment. Development specialists of high-tech equipment for the RF fuel and energy complex (FEC) have noted the complete dependence on deliveries of foreign non-magnetic steels from EU countries, China, USA. This dependence on delivery of import products increases the risks of both operating activity (due to trade restrictions) and economical efficiency of the FEC enterprises (Russian ruble exchange rate grew by ~30 % to Euro in 2020). It concerns users of mineral resources, oil service companies, developers and manufacturers of high-tech equipment for boreholes drilling as well geophysical researches. Possibility of establishment of non-magnetic steel production in Russia was analyzed, the plan for realization of this project was prepared, the technical and project risks were evaluated, the industrial demand for non-magnetic steel was assessed, the industrial technical requirements and testing techniques were developed. The cooperation chain including purchaser, manufacturer of bar products of non-magnetic steel and producer of non-magnetic steel itself was formed in 2020. Three pilot melts of non-magnetic steel (totally 18 t) were conducted and bars of different diameters (from 35 to 140 mm) were forged. The plant laboratorial testing displayed the following bar parameters: yield strength 1,093 MPa; tensile strength 1,155 MPa; impact energy 242 J. This steel as also characterized by resistance to intergranular corrosion. Relative magnetic permeability made 1.003. The laboratorial tests were conducted in accordance with ASTM techniques. The following equipment range was fabricated: non-magnetic subs Flow-Sub, non-magnetic heavy-weight drill collars etc. At present time the field testing takes place in the oil and gas provenances of Western Siberia, Yamal and in Volga-Ural region within the framework of drilling of oil and gas wells.

Стратегическое управление развитием предприятий топливно-энергетического комплекса в Арктическом регионе Российской Федерации в условиях INDUSTRY4.0.

The article substantiates the need to revise the approach to the strategic management of enterprises in the fuel and energy complex of the Russian Federation, as one of the key sectors of the Russian economy. It is primarily due to the need to improve methods for building a system of strategic management of industrial enterprises in the era of the implementation of the Industry 4.0 concept. The use of traditional methods of managing industrial enterprises, industries, complexes does not allow maintaining, and even more so creating, competitive advantages in the long term. Consequently, the development of a new methodology for building a system of strategic management of industrial enterprises, the application of which would contribute, among other things, to the creation of new competitive challenges. Within the digital economy, modern business development management systems should be built taking into account the possibilities of using information and communication technologies, however, in order for the enterprises of the fuel and energy complex to be fully considered competitive, and their activities are effective only by using information-communicational technologies are not enough. It is necessary to form not a universal system of strategic management ofindustrial enterprises, but a unique system of strategic management of enterprises of the fuel and energy complex, which would take into account not only the geopolitical factors of doing business, primarily in the regions of the Far North, but also specific industry features. The tool for the development of such a system is the balanced scorecard, which allows you to take into account both financial and non-financial components of enterprise management. The result of the study was the development of a unique balanced scorecard for the management of enterprises of the fuel and energy complex, which is based on taking into account the peculiarities of rational use of natural resources, which is an important aspect of the activities of enterprises of the fueland energy complex and modern possibilities of using information and communication technologies in the strategic management system.

Decline in Innovation Activity in Fuel and Energy Complex of Russian Federation in 1990s and Its Consequences

The relevance of the study is due to the importance of digitalization of the country's fuel and energy complex. On the basis of archival data and a study of the assessments of leading experts, the author considers the problem of the decline in innovative activity in the fuel and energy complex (FEC) of the Russian Federation in the context of liberal reforms implemented in the 1990s. As a result of the analysis of documents, statistical data and other materials, it was proved that investment programs were cur-tailed, drilling in the oil and gas industry was reduced to a minimum, and social problems were growing. Particular attention is paid to identifying the reasons for the decline in innovative activity. The conclusion is made that the crisis situation in the fuel and energy complex, the lack of adequate funding has deprived scientists of the opportunity to develop at a level adequate to the requirements of the modern world energy market. The question is raised about the interaction of the heads of the fuel and energy complex with the central state bodies, which were increasingly complicated due to the increasing tax pressure. It is proved that in the conditions of a general crisis of non-payments, enterprises of the fuel and energy complex, having no free funds, practically stopped provisions to the fund for financing re-search and development work (R&D). The stake on the emergence of “effective managers”, attraction of foreign capital, and a system of unaddressed budgetary support for R&D has not justified itself. Import dependence grew, which has not yet been fully overcome.

Current State and Prospects of Development of the Fuel and Energy Complex of France

This article examines the current state and features of the functioning of the fuel and energy complex (FEC) in France and its development prospects for the period up to 2050 as well. The author paid particular attention to the issues of nuclear power in this country and the possibility of replacing it with alternative sources in the medium and long term. The point of ensuring energy security in the use of nuclear power plants, which is solved thanks to effective state regulation of this industry, is considered. Separately, the author presented the analyses of energy problems of France in the interaction with the supranational structures of the European Union and considered the participation of this country in the development of a common energy policy for the integration. The author determined the advantages of the French fuel and energy sector in comparison with other EU member states. The results of the study substantiated conclusions about the prospects for further development in the context of the transition to a low-carbon economy. These prospects the author outlined in the country’s national carbon reduction strategy and long-Term energy program. Currently, achieving the targets set out in these documents is a difficult task, hence the inconsistency that is evident in the state energy policy. It is primarily due to the future of nuclear energy, which France has disagreed with the EU leadership and leading member States.

Methodological aspects of modeling the fuel and energy complex in the context of energy security

One of the most important goals of the energy industry is to ensure a shortage-free and reliable energy supply to consumers. To achieve this goal, it is necessary to assess the level of energy security of the fuel and energy complex (FEC) of the country. For these purposes, it is proposed to form a model of the energy system that would take into account the peculiarities of all process flows that take place in it. For this purpose, we conducted a review of Russian and foreign studies in the field of modeling of the FEC in the course of the work. The main result presented in the article is a methodology for the building of a unified model of the fuel and energy complex to assess the level of energy security.

Substantiation of application of the strategic planning methods In order to improve efficiency of the automated systems of fire and explosion protection at the fuel and energy complex facilities In the special conditions

This paper presents substantiation of the obligatory application of the strategic planning methods in order to improve efficiency of the automated systems of fire and explosion protection (ASFEP) at the facilities of the fuel and energy complex (FEC) in the special conditions. To this end, the technological production process of the FEC facilities is divided into destructive and creative subprocesses. It is assumed that the events that cause the potentially dangerous situations, which are connected with fires and explosions, form the destructive subprocess. The activities, which are carried out within the framework of fire safety plans at the FEC facilities and which are controlled by the shift on duty, form the creative subprocess. Events of the first subprocess reduce efficiency of the ASFEP, while events of the second subprocess increase efficiency of this system. Authors of the article propose the continuous curve of recovery of the ASFEP efficiency in order to ensure modelling the type of influence of various rehabilitation measures. Two kinds of the exponential functions enveloping the moments of fire and rehabilitation are analysed for these subprocesses. The article describes the graph of actual rehabilitation of the ASFEP efficiency taking into account assumptions concerning nature of these functions. It was established that management of the relevant measures, which is determined with the help of the strategic planning methods, is the most significant parameter in this model.

Энергетическая безопасность компаний ТЭК в контексте формирования национальной экономической безопасности

The publication considers aspects of the formation of energy security by companies in the fuel and energy complex (FEC) of Russia in the context of ensuring state security in the face of numerous threats and challenges. The priority role of the activities of fuel and energy companies in providing resources for sustainable socio-economic development of Russia, as well as a colossal contribution to the economy and society at all levels of existence, is stated. Attention is focused on the system of threats and challenges to energy security, formed by the fuel and energy companies, among which are the incompleteness of systemic and structural reforms in the industry, lack of resources and competencies to intensify strategic development, weakening of internal and external competitiveness under the influence of the sanctions factor, as well as unwillingness for a low-carbon transition. Practical solutions are proposed to improve the energy and economic security of the fuel and energy complex and the Russian economy in the face of great threats and challenges.

Актуальные направления повышения энергетической безопасности теплоснабжения в РФ

Strengthening international efforts to implement climate policy and accelerate the transition to a “green economy” is a modern challenge to the energy security of the Russian Federation. The enterprises of the fuel and energy complex (FEC) play a key role in the economy of the Russian Federation, but they have a continuous negative impact on the environment. The subject of the research is a set of theoretical, methodological and practical aspects of increasing the energy security of heat supply in the Russian Federation by replacing coal with more environmentally friendly fuels. The purpose of the study is to propose a way to improve the energy security of heat supply in the Russian Federation by replacing coal with more environmentally friendly fuels. The study has been carried out using a set of methods: comparative analysis, analysis of structure, financial analysis. Coal makes up about 80 % of the total amount of raw materials used to generate heat in the Irkutsk region. This has a significant impact on the degree of environmental pollution. There is a possibility of using part of production and consumption waste as an alternative fuel (RDF) for thermal power facilities in the Russian Federation to improve the energy security of heat supply. Fuel for the production of thermal energy can be obtained as a result of processing production and consumption waste. This will lead to a solution to the problem of garbage disposal. The problem in the field of municipal solid waste (MSW) in the Irkutsk region is aggravated by the fact that the waste processing complex, waste handling and waste sorting complexes are absent on the territory of the region. An analysis of the financial indicators of the incineration plant operating in the Russian Federation shows that the financial results of operations are negative for 2019, 2020. It is necessary to create state-owned enterprises for the production of steam and hot water in the Russian Federation using a combination of two types of fuel: biofuel and RDF to accelerate the modernization of heat supply sources

Анализ результатов проведенных поведенческих аудитов безопасности на предприятиях ТЭК

Анализ результатов проведенных поведенческих аудитов безопасности на предприятиях ТЭК