The energy industry is one of the dynamically developing and investment-worthy areas where new technology is being actively introduced. The agenda is focused on digitalization and one of its most important products, artificial intelligence, as a popular and promising set of IT solutions applied in various areas, including the fuel and energy complex (FEC). The main risk of the full AI technology integration in the energy complex, as well as the creation of favorable investment conditions for its further development, is the imperfection of the legal and regulatory framework governing general and industrial aspects. This article analyzes the current state of legal regulation of AI and robotics in the energy industry of the Russian Federation, and also provides some examples of foreign legal experience on the topic under consideration. The jurisdictions of the European Union (with the subsequent implementation of legal norms into the national laws of the member States) and the United Kingdom were chosen as promising examples. It should be noted that in each of the selected states, a whole set of policy documents was adopted that consolidate the goals and objectives of AI development, as well as identify the main threats to the further integration of this technology into different economic realms, including energy. Besides, there are material differences in legislative approaches. The combination of the experience studied makes it possible to improve national laws on AI and robotics integration in the Russian FEC. It seems necessary to perform unification at the level of the federal law regulating the general provisions on AI. Besides, it is required to update special energy industry laws, including through the adoption of new energy security regulations at the substatutory level.