Fruit Borer Leucinodes Orbonalis Guenee Research Articles

Patterns of Insecticide Use and Farmers' Knowledge Level in Managing <i>Leucinodes orbonalis</i> Guenee in Tamil Nadu

A study was conducted to record the pattern of insecticide usage and knowledge level of farmers in handling insecticides to control shoot and fruit borer Leucinodes orbonalis Guenee from major brinjal growing districts of Tamil Nadu during 2022 -2023. This study found that, 22 different insecticides were imposed for the management of Leucinodes orbonalis and among them chlorantraniliprole 18.5% SC (83.00%) was recorded as the highest usage insecticide followed by spinetoram 11.7% SC (72.00%). The number of insecticide applications among various districts varied from 9.9 to 24.7 per cropping season at an interval ranging 4.9 to 12.3 days. The major source of information regarding pesticides to the farmers were pesticide dealers (65.00%) and about 98.00% of the farmers did not pay attention towards label on pesticide containers. Only around 40.00% of farmers followed recommended dose and nearly 60.00% did not follow any safety measures while spraying. Study inferred that, more than 84.00% brinjal growing farmers completely relay on pesticides for the management of Leucinodes orbonalis in brinjal.

Field Efficacy Testing of Sex Pheromone Trapping with Alternative Trap Desing-Lure Options for Brinjal Shoot and Fruit Borer in Srilanka

Collaborative field studies were carried out to evaluate the effectiveness of improved pheromone trapping system against brinjal shoot and fruit borer Leucinodes orbonalis Guenee in Sri Lanka. First field study comparing five alternative trap designs in two locations for eight weeks confirmed that moth catch was more in funnel trap with two holders (3.08), with the next being funnel trap with three holders (2.09). The catches in delta trap were intermediate (1.81), while other two funnel traps caught 1.05 to 1.84 moths. The differential efficacy of moth catches may be attributed to trap colour, shape, size and other features enhancing arrivals and/or minimising moth escape. The second field study was on pheromone loadings in lures which showed non -significant differences among 3, 5, 7 and 10 mg loadings. These studies confirmed the superiority of promising trap designs for trapping of the brinjal shoot and fruit borer moth in Sri Lanka. Scope for further research to identify more efficient trap designs and optimum pheromone loadings is indicated.

Insecticidal Activities of Aqueous Extracts of Five Nigerian Aromatic Spices against Garden Eggplant Defoliators and Fruit Borer Leucinodes orbonalis Guenee: Lepidoptera: Crambidae

The study evaluated the prospects of aqueous extracts of five Nigerian spices against garden eggplant defoliators and fruit borer (Leucinodes orbonalis) in the field. The treatments consisted of Piper guineense (black pepper), Aframomum melegueta (aligator pepper), Eugenia aromatica (cloves), Zingiber officinale (ginger), Capsicum annum (chilli pepper) and untreated check (control). All the aqueous extracts evaluated reduced leaf damaged by defoliators on garden eggplant compared to control. P. guineense, with mean value of 11.02 number of perforations, was the most effective against defoliators, followed by E. aromatica (12.97) reducing leaf damage by 39.64 and 28.74%, respectively. However, their efficacies against defoliating insects were not significantly different (p > 0.05) among other extracts. P. guineense was also more effective than other spices against infestations by garden eggplant fruit borer and larvae density on fruits with mean values of 1.07 and 0.47, respectively. Plots treated with P. guineense recorded highest fruit yield (629 g/plant), followed by E. aromatica (219.3 g/plant). Piper guineense and E. aromatica extracts were thus more efficacious than other spices against defoliating and fruit boring insects of garden eggplants. Adopting the applications of extracts from these spices in home garden will minimize environmental and health hazards associated chemical pesticides and enhance healthy living among the populace.
 Keywords: spices, aqueous extracts, garden eggplant, Leucinodes orbonalis.

Development and survival of brinjal shoot and fruit borer Leucinodes orbonalis Guenee (Crambidae: Lepidoptera) at constant and alternating temperatures

Brinjal shoot and fruit borer (BSFB) Leucinodes orbonalis Guenee is a key pest of brinjal and a major constraint to its production in the Indian subcontinent. The influence of constant as well as alternating temperatures on the development and survival of the pest is not known. Also, no information is available on the thermal constant, development thresholds, and phenology for the insect. So, the development and survival of Leucinodes orbonalis were studied under laboratory conditions at five constant (15 ± 1, 20 ± 1, 25 ± 1, 30 ± 1 and 35 ± 1 °C) and six alternating temperatures (25:15, 30:15, 35:15, 25:20, 30:20 and 35:20 °C) with 70 ± 5% R.H. and photoperiod of 14:10 (L:D) h. Under the alternating temperature regimes, maximum and minimum temperatures were maintained in a cycle of 14 and 10 h, respectively. Transition from maximum to minimum temperature followed square waveform and was complete within 10 min. The rate of development of the egg, larval, pupal, and adult stages accelerated with increases in the levels of temperature. Survival of BSFB was highest at intermediate temperature levels (25-30 °C), and it started declining outside this range. The favourable range of constant temperature for the development from egg to adult stage was 20 ± 1–35 ± 1 °C, while all six alternating temperatures were conducive for complete development of the pest. The thermal constant (K) and lower developmental threshold (Tmin) determined from a linear regression analysis for the total development period were 435.39–530.66 DD and 5.69–14.63 °C, respectively. The non-linear models did not fit the data obtained from constant temperature studies, as they overestimated the temperature threshold for the pest. In the case of alternating temperatures, Tmin, Topt, and Tmax for the different developmental stages were in the range of 6.87–10.47 °C, 30.3–30.4 °C, and 41.96–42.31 °C, under Briere-1, Briere-2 and Kontodimas models. Our results provide a framework for forecasting the pest incidence in the field, thus helping in modulating management schedules and techniques to target the weak link in the life cycle of the pest.

Efficacy of Certain Insecticides Against Brinjal Shoot and Fruit Borer Leucinodes Orbonalis Guenee

Efficacy of Certain Insecticides Against Brinjal Shoot and Fruit Borer Leucinodes Orbonalis Guenee

Host Range, Life Aspects and Mode of Damage of Brinjal Shoot and Fruit Borer (Leucinodes orbonalis Guenee) on Brinjal: A Review

Brinjal (Eggplant) Solanum melongena Linnaeus is the most important vegetable of hot and humid climates. A wide range of essential biochemicals and minerals belongs to brinjal. It is a fairly good source of iron, calcium, phosphorous, potassium and vitamin B group. Brinjal Shoot and Fruit Borer Leucinodes orbonalis Guenee is the major infectious insect causing a great damage to plants. BSFB generally depends on brinjal but it may infest other solanaceous field crops and may be on wild hosts. The insect has been reported a number of crops such as S. tuberosum (potato), S. lycopersicum and some other Solanaceous crops. The damage by this borer starts at seedling stage and continues till the last harvest of fruits. Egg-laying occurs during night and incubation period ranges from 3–8 days depending of environmental conditions. Larval period completes in 12–22 days depending upon environmental situations and passes through five instars. Full grown larvae pupate into the soil or under plant debris and dropped dead shoots. Adult of BSFB is a whitish moth which hides during day time and activates from dusk to perform various activities like mating oviposition. Larvae bore into fruits and shoots and in younger plants, caterpillars drill into midrib of large leaves. At the time of maturity, damage of the insect on fruits causes a serious loss in yield.

Influence of wind direction on parasitization behaviour of Trichogramma chilonis Ishii (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) in brinjal ecosystem

Investigations were carried out to assess the impact of wind direction on parasitization behaviour of Trichogramma chilonis Ishii on brinjal shoot and fruit borer Leucinodes orbonalis Guenee indicated maximum number of parasitization in windward direction. Findings indicate importance of air stream in the parasitization behaviour of T. chilonis in field condition.

Biology of eggplant fruit and shoot borer Leucinodes orbonalis guenee from Malaysia: A review

Eggplant Solanum melongena L. (Solanaceae), well known as brinjal is an important vegetable. Like other vegetables, it is also subject to attack by various insect pests. Brinjal shoot and fruit borer is the most destructive at both vegetative and reproductive stages in South and Southeast Asia. It causes significant reduction in yield up to 80%, and leads to problems for the farmers. This review is on the biology of the shoot and fruit borer Leucinodes orbonalis Guenee (Lepidoptera). Since this pest causes economic damages in Malaysia, this article describes all stages of the life cycle, incubation and larval period, larval instars, pupal period, adult longevity, fecundity, and total developmental period.

Development of bipm module against brinjal shoot and fruit borer leucinodes orbonalis guenee for northeast india

Development of bipm module against brinjal shoot and fruit borer leucinodes orbonalis guenee for northeast india

Mating status of brinjal shoot and fruit borer Leucinodes orbonalis Guenee (Crambidae: Lepidoptera) male adults caught in sex pheromone traps

Brinjal Shoot and Fruit Borer, Leucinodes orbonalis , is a major constraint in brinjal production. Investigation was taken up to understand the mating status of L. orbonalis male adults caught in sex pheromone trap. The genetalia of the male moths were examined for the presence of sperm cells and sperm bundles. The results indicated that 55.38 per cent of males caught in the trap were unmated whereas 26.15 per cent of them are partially mated and 18.40 per cent males are spent ones. The study indicated presence of L orbonalis male moths of different mating status in the pheromone catches.

Management of brinjal shoot and fruit borer leucinodes orbonalis guenee using different approaches

The present study was conducted during October 2014 to June 2015 in the farm of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University (BSMRAU), Gazipur to find out the most effective management option (s) against brinjal shoot and fruit borer (BSFB) with 6 treatments namely, Beauveria bassiana, 1´109 CFU @ g l-1, Bioneem 0.3 EC (Azadirachtin) @ 1.5 ml l-1, Tracer 45 SC (Spinosad) @ 0.4 ml l-1, Vertimec 1.8 EC (Abamectin) @ 1.2 ml l-1 of water, Mechanical control (hand picking) with clean cultivation and untreated control. Results revealed that shoot infestation at pre-fruiting stage was the lowest in Bioneem 0.3 EC (4.34%) and at fruiting stage in Tracer 45 SC treated plot (7.75%) and the highest was in untreated control plot (17.94% at pre-fruiting stage and 39.46 at fruiting stage). The lowest fruit infestation by BSFB was obtained with Tracer 45 SC (8.16% n/n and 10.0% w/w) followed by B. bassiana, 1´109 CFU (23.23% n/n and 18.27% w/w) and the highest infestation was observed under untreated control plot (48.59% n/n and 32.09% w/w). Percent reduction of infested fruit by number (83.21%) and weight (68.84%) over untreated control was higher in Tracer 45 SC treated plot resulting significantly higher marketable yield. Therefore, the significant highest marketable yield (34.39 t ha-1) was harvested in the plot treated with Tracer 45 SC followed by 22.78 t ha-1 with B. bassiana, 1´109 CFU and 19.26 t ha-1 from Vertimec 1.8 EC treated plot. The highest benefit cost ratio of 3.05 was obtained from Tracer 45 SC followed by 2.93 in B. bassiana, 1´109 CFU and 2.89 with Vertimec 1.8 EC sprayed plot.Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 42(3): 539-548, September 2017

Bioefficacy of newer insecticides and biopesticides against brinjal shoot and fruit borer Leucinodes orbonalis Guenee (Lepidoptera : Pyralidae)

A field experiment were carried out for two consecutive Rabi seasons 2013-14 and 2014-15 at Student’s Instructional Farm, N.D. University of Agriculture and Technology, Kumarganj, Faizabad (U.P.). Among the various insecticides evaluated against brinjal shoot and fruit borer (L. orbonalis), Emamectin benzoate 5 SG @ 12.5g a.i./ha treated plots showed lowest infestation and gave higher fruit yield (253.12) followed by Flubendiamide 480 SC (249.33) and Novaluron 10 EC (243.63). The boipesticide NSKE 5 per cent most effective followed by Bacillus thuringensis, Verticellium lecanii and Beauveria bassiana. The highest cost: benefit ratio was obtained from NSKE 5 per cent (1:24.40) followed by Indoxacarb 14.5 SC (1:24.13) and Emamectin benzoate 5 SG (1:24.03) which were also economical than other treatments. How to view point the article : Singh, J.P., Gupta, P.K., Chandra, U. and Singh Vimal Kumar (2016). Bioefficacy of newer insecticides and biopesticides against brinjal shoot and fruit borer Leucinodes orbonalis Guenee (Lepidoptera : Pyralidae). Internat. J. Plant Protec., 9(1) : 1-7.