Fresh Weight Of Mushrooms Research Articles

Effect of Different Substrates and Supplements in Production of Pleurotus ostreatus in Dang, Nepal

An investigation was laid out to evaluate the production of Pleurotus ostreatus on different substrates and supplements in inner Terai of Nepal, Dang, Deukhuri. Ten different treatments with different substrates and supplements were tested in completely randomized design, replicated four times during the spring season with an average daily temperature of 20-27° C and relative humidity ranging from 80-95 %. The parameters taken for the observation during the experiment were spawn run period, length of stalk, diameter of stalk, diameter of pileus, thickness of pileus, fresh weight of mushroom, ash content, moisture content and biological efficiency of treatments. The research revealed that there were statistically significant yield differences associated with rice straw + banana leaves + rice bran (2.46 kg/ball), followed by rice straw + chickpea flour (2.35 kg/ball). The spawn run duration (23 days) was shortest in banana leaves with highest stipe length (5.01cm). The biological efficiency of various mixtures was found between 40 to 159%, the highest being in treatment rice straw + banana leaves + rice bran and followed by rice straw + chickpea flour. Highest moisture percentage (89.4%) was recorded in rice straw + maize flour. It was accomplished that rice straw + banana leaves whenever abundantly present, can be reasonably used in mixtures with rice bran supplement for better mushroom cultivation. Thus, its use is suggested to farmers in this country where large volumes of rice bran and dry banana leaves are discarded as agricultural residue.

Optimization of Growth and Production of Brown Oyster Mushrooms (Pleurotus cystidiosus) through Additional Nutrients of Rice Washing Water and Rice Groats

This study aims to determine the optimization of growth and production of brown oyster mushroom (P. cystidionsus) plants with additional nutrients of rice washing water and to determine the optimization of growth and production of chocolate oyster mushroom (P. cystidionsus) plants through additional nutrients of rice groats. This study used a factorial Complete Randomized Design (RAL) method consisting of two factors, namely, the first factor is rice washing water / leri water (L) and the second factor is rice groats (G). Each treatment is repeated 3 times. Leri water factor consists of 4 levels, namely: A0=0 ml, A1= 30 ml, A2= 50 ml, A3=70 ml. Rice groats factor consists of 4 levels, namely: M0=0 g, M1=60 g, M2= 80 g, M3= 100 g. Data was analyzed using variance analysis (Anova) at 5%. The results showed no effect of rice washing water and rice groats on the growth rate of brown oyster mushroom mycelim, will be at a rice washing water concentration of 70ml / baglog + rice groats 100g / baglog affects the parameters of mushroom stalk height (cm), mushroom hood diameter (cm), mushroom hood thickness (cm), number of mushrooms (clump), and fresh weight of mushrooms / baglog (g).

RESPON PERTUMBUHAN DAN HASIL JAMUR TIRAM PUTIH (Pleurotus ostreatus) TERHADAP SUBTITUSI SEKAM PADI DAN PEMBERIAN SUPLEMEN ORGANIK

White oyster mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus) is a type of local mushroom that has been and is being developed in Indonesia. Efforts to find alternative media for sawdust if it is difficult to obtain or not available and the addition of nutrients from the outside by giving organic supplements to increase the growth and development of oyster mushrooms. The experiment was carried out in Bahagia Village, Babelan District, Bekasi Regency. The research method used was an experimental method with a single factor Randomized Block Design (RBD). There were 10 treatment, namely A (without the addition of media + aquades 100%), B (15% rice husk + 25% organic supplement), C (15% rice husk + 50% organic supplement), D (15% rice husk + 75% organic supplement), E (30% rice husk + 25% organic supplement), F (30% rice husk + 50% organic supplement), G (30% rice husk + 75% organic supplement), H (45% rice husk + 25% organic supplement), I (45% rice husk + 50% organic supplement) and J (45% rice husk + 75% organic supplement). The results showed that there was a significant effect of rice husk substitution and organic supplementation on the number of fruit clumps per baglog, fruit cap diameter per baglog, and fresh weight of mushrooms per baglog. Treatment C (15% rice husk + 50% organic supplement) gave the highest results on the parameters of the number of fruit clumps per baglog (1.00), fruit cap diameter per baglog (6.03 cm), fresh weight of mushrooms per baglog (60.54 grams).

PENGARUH SUBSTITUSI SERBUK ECENG GONDOK DAN AMPAS TEMPE TERHADAP PRODUKSI JAMUR TIRAM PUTIH (Pleurotus ostreatus)

In general, the basic material used in the planting media of white oyster mushroom is sawdust. The increasing need for sawdust, without being offset by sufficient availability will make sawdust difficult to obtain. The research aimed to obtain the composition substitution of the hyacinth powder and tempe dregs which provided the highest results for growth and yield of white oyster mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus). The research was conducted in Gintung Kerta Village, Klari Subdistrict, Karawang District, West Java from July 2020 to October 2020. The method used was an experimental method with used Randomized Block Design (RDB) single factor, consisting of 9 treatments and 3 replications so there were 27 experimental units. The treatments were: A (without the addition of growing media treatment); B (5% water hyacinth powder); C (10% water hyacinth powder); D (15% water hyacinth powder; E (20% water hyacinth powder); F (Tempe dregs 5%); G (Tempe dregs 10%); H (Tempe dregs 15%); and I (Tempe dregs 20%). The results showed that there was a significant effect of composition proportion substitution of the hyacinth powder and tempe dregs on the length of mycelium per baglog, maximum fruit hood diameter per baglog, harvest intensity per baglog, fresh weight of mushrooms per baglog, and total yield in a planting period. The treatment of H (Tempe dregs 15%) gave the highest yield to the harvest intensity of 2.44 times, the mushroom fresh weight of 89.42 g/baglog, and the total yield in a planting period of 408.00 g.

Identification of wild macrofungi from Southern West of Saudi Arabia

Macro-fungi (Mushrooms) considered a great potential natural bio-resource of basidiomycetes; also, source of proteins and vitamins for human. In the present study twelve mushrooms were identified and one of Terfezia sp. The importance of mushroom all over the world, give a push to many mycologists to study the wonderful macro-fungi. The different ecological conditions, affects on the wild fungus especially humidity and temperature degrees. The morphological characteristics as the stalk height, diameter, cap size and fresh weight of mushrooms were considered as a parameter for differentiation between different types. Twelve species of mushrooms belonging to different genera were collected and identified from three locations in Jazan governorate southern of Saudi Arabia; Harub, Al-Aridhah and Samtah, which found a suitable area for this kind of macro fungi in Saudi Arabia. In addition, in Al-Sahalil Jazan region the Terfizia sp. Was recorded underground with some wild plants.

PEMANFAATAN LIMBAH SERBUK KAYU JATI (Tectona grandis) SEBAGAI MEDIA TUMBUH JAMUR TIRAM (Pleurotus ostreotus)

Teak particle produced from sawmill industrial waste can be used as an alternative raw material for growing mushroom media. This study aims to get the productivity of oyster mushrooms that grow on teak particle growing media. The first treatment was carried out on teak particle before the particle was mixed with other ingredients, namely soaking teak particle using hot water (each for one, two and three hours) and cold water (each for five, seven and nine days). Soaking of teak particle influences the rate of fungal mycelium closure, the time of appearance of the mushroom fruit body, the fresh weight of mushrooms and the amount of mushroom harvest in each blog. On nine days of cold soaking, the blog is entirely covered by fungal mycelium on the 28th day, the mushroom fruit body appears on the 32nd day, the average fresh weight of mushrooms harvested 90 g and in one blog can collect mushrooms 2-3 times. The treatment of soaking wood particle in cold water for nine days showed better results compared to controls and other treatments.Key words: Pleurotus ostreotus, Tectona grandis, growing media

Uji Efektivitas Berbagai Konsentrasi Jenis Nutrisi Alternatif Terhadap Produksi Jamur Tiram Putih (Pleurotus ostreatus) di Kabupten Karawang

In the development of modern agriculture based on location specification agriculture, to increase the production of white oyster mushrooms, requires able to utilize alternative natural resources that are easy to obtain and efficient.The research was conducted with the aim to study and get the concentration of alternative nutrient types that can provide the highest production of white oyster mushroom in Karawang regency. Based on the purpose, this research is verifikatif.The method used is experimental method and experiment design used is single factor randomized block design (RAK) consisting of 17 treatments in 3 repetitions : A (100% Aquades Concentration); B (20% Leri Water Concentration); C (40% Leri Water Concentration); D (60% Leri Water Concentration); E (80% Leri Water Concentration); F (20% Potato Skin Extract Concentration); G (40% Potato Skin Extract Concentration); H (60% Potato Skin Extract Concentration); I (80% Potato Skin Extract Concentration); J (20% Bean Sprouts Extract Concentration); K (40% Bean Sprouts Extract Concentration); L (60% Bean Sprouts Extract Concentration); M (80% Bean Sprouts Extract Concentration); N (20% Old Coconut Water Concentration); O (40% Old Coconut Water Concentration); P (60% Old Coconut Water Concentration); Q (80% Old Coconut Water Concentration). The effect of treatment was analyzed by F test of 5% level and if significant, then to know the best treatment was continued with Duncan Multiple Range Test at 5% real level.The results achieved from this research is the application of various types of concentrations of alternative nutrients have a real effect on total clumps per baglog, total hood per clumps, maximum hood diameter per baglog, harvest intensity per baglog, dry weight of mushrooms per baglog, and fresh weight of mushrooms per baglog white oyster mushroom in Karawang regency. 80% concentration of leri water is able to give the highest growth and yield of white oyster mushroom in Karawang regency, with fresh weight of mushroom reach 142,35 gr per baglog per week or 0,85 tons per 1000 baglog in one plant period (6 MSA).

Study on the Cultivation of <i>Agaricus blazei</i> (Almond Mushroom) Grown on Compost Mixed with Selected Agro-Residues

The Agaricus blazei strain (KUMB 1221) from Forest Production Control Laboratory, Kyushu University was grown on the basal media of compost mixed with selected agro-residues (sawdust, woodchips and corncob) in the ratio of 25%, 50%, 75% and 100% (by weight). The data was collected on the colony diameter of mycelial growth, days required for spawn run (colonization), days required for primordial formation, whiteness measurement, days required for fruit body formation, number, size and fresh weight of mushrooms, biological efficiency (BE) and mushroom production (MP). It was observed that the mycelial growth showed two types of mycelia according the level of mycelial density; compact (C) and somewhat compact (SC). The fastest spawn run (17 days) was found in woodchips (50%) among all the different treatments while the least spawn run took 26 days in corncob (75%). Sawdust substrates promoted longer days for primordial formation and fruit body development, if compared with woodchips substrates and corncob substrates. With regard to yield, 100%, 75% and 50% mixture with compost were superior to 25% mixture with compost in each group of selected agro-residues and it indicated that adding more compost gave the increased yield. Interestingly, it was noted that mushroom size on compost (100%) was double to the mushroom size of other treatments. In conclusion, it was clearly showed that compost (100%), woodchips (25%) and corncob (25%) could produce better yields among all treatments, and it was also possible to obtain acceptable yields of good quality almond mushroom using main substrates of compost mixed with different agro-residues at various concentrations.

Optimum Pattern of Compost used for Reducing Energy Consumption in Mushroom Production

In mushroom production it is necessary to design a growing pattern to balance yield against cost and to reduce energy use. Effects of use of multiple layer of compost in cultivation on energy consumption in mushroom cropping rooms were examined. Treatments included 1 layer (control), or 2, 3 or 4 layers of compost applied at the mycelium running stage. Numbers of compost layers did not affect fresh weight of mushrooms, number of mushrooms, yield and biological efficiency but hastened pinheads formation. Since there were no differences between layers of compost and control on yield and biological efficiency it appears that 2 layers will be sufficient to improve time to pinhead formation without negative effect on yield.

Effect of Different Substrate on Growth and Yield of Button Mushroom

An experiment was conducted at the Mushroom growth house and Tissue Culture Laboratory, Horticulture Demonstration and Training Centre (HDTC), Kewatkhali, Mymensingh during February to May, 2006 to investigate the effect of different substrate on growth and yield of Button mushroom (Agaricus biporus). The substrates which were used in the experiment were wheat: paddy (1:1) straw compost, paddy straw compost and decomposed cowdung. The parameters observed in first and second flush were number of primordia, number of fruiting bodies and fresh weight of mushroom. Data were statistically analyzed following Completely Randomized Design (CRD). Data revealed that different substrate significantly affected the production of number of primordia, number of fruiting bodies and fresh weight. In both the first and second flush, all the three observed parameters were obtained highest in wheat: paddy straw compost and the lowest were in decomposed cowdung.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jesnr.v5i2.14810 J. Environ. Sci. & Natural Resources, 5(2): 177-180 2012

Effect of environmental factors on the yield of selected mushroom species growing in two different agro ecological zones of Pakistan

Mushrooms are a rich source of protein and vitamins as human food. In view of the growing importance of mushroom in Pakistan, a research study was initiated with the objective to examine the suitability of Oyster mushroom cultivation and to compare the growth and yield of Oyster mushroom in two different areas (Peshawar and Swat, North-West region of Pakistan) with different ecological conditions. Spawn running time, number of crops, stalk height, stalk diameter, cap size, fresh weight, number of production days, and the interval in days between the time of bag opening and the time of starting fruiting bodies formation were among the important parameters investigated in the current study. Stalk height, stalk diameter, cap size and fresh weight of mushrooms were found higher in Peshawar region as compared to those growing in Swat region. On the other side, the spawn running time, formation of fruiting bodies and the number of productions were higher in Swat region as compared to the mushroom under study in Peshawar region. Mild winter temperatures of Peshawar region, and low summer temperatures in Swat, were found most suitable for growth and yield of Pleurotus ostreatus.

Effect of Delayed-Release Supplements in Grain-Based Substrate on Yield of the Mushroom Agaricus bisporus

Non-composted grain-based substrates mixed with delayed-release supplements were used as a mushroom substrate to test suitability for mushroom production as a replacement for the environmentally problematic composted substrate. Five delayed-release supplements (S41, S44, Promycel Target, T6, and T7) were added at seven levels (0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, and 30%) to a non-composted substrate composed of commercial millet grain spawn. Overall, mushroom yield, substrate bioefficiency (fresh weight of mushrooms / dry weight of substrate), and mean mushroom weight increased with the addition of the supplements when compared to the 0% supplement treatment. The highest mushroom yield and substrate bioefficiency were observed for the 20% S41 treatment, which produced 13.7 kg m-2 of mushrooms with a corresponding substrate bioefficiency of 133.7%. The observed yield and substrate bioefficiency were considerably higher for S41 than for Promycel Target, S44, T6, and T7. Mean mushroom weight was highest for the 20% T6 treatment (34 g), and higher mean mushroom weights typically corresponded to treatments with lower mushroom yield. Substrate temperatures for the different treatments were either similar to or lower than the ambient air temperature. Hence, substrate overheating as encountered in compost-based substrate was ruled out as being the reason for lower yields observed at the higher rates of supplementation.

Evaluation of the Yield of Lentinus squarrosulus (Mont) Singer on Selected Economic Tree Species

Sawdust from seven economic trees (Mansonia altissima, Piptadeniastrum africanum, Nesogordonia papaverifera, Combretodendron macrocarpum, Terminalia sp., Khaya ivorensis and Brachystegia nigerica were used to cultivate Lentinus squarrosulus (Mont) Singer. The highest mycelial density was observed in the sawdust of Mansonia altissimia and lowest in Piptadeniastrum africanum. Time of premodial emergence, fresh weight of mushroom and number of flushes varied from one sawdust to the other. The best sawdust for the growth of this mushroom among the sawdust of the economic trees was that of Combretodendron macrocarpum.