Frequency Of Ventricular Septal Defects Research Articles

A review of isolated muscular ventricular septal defect.

Color Doppler echocardiography greatly facilitates the diagnosis of isolated muscular ventricular septal defect with a small shunt. Original research articles were collected from database, including PubMed and Google scholar. Relevant articles about muscular ventricular septal defect were included. The frequency of isolated muscular ventricular septal defect is 5.7% in preterm infants and 1.1-5.3% in term infants. Spontaneous closure in muscular ventricular septal defect occurs with higher frequency and earlier than in perimembranous ventricular septal defect. Approximately 80-90% of isolated muscular ventricular septal defect closes spontaneously by 12months of age. Midventricular muscular ventricular septal defect is spontaneously closed earlier in the short term, but no site difference is found in the long term. The spontaneous closure mechanism is regarded as aposition of the muscle tissue or fibrous tissue formation in the right ventricular side, but in rare cases involves aneurysm formation of the fibrous tissue. Regarding spontaneous closure of isolated muscular ventricular septal defect diagnosed for the fetus, further studies are needed. Chromosomal microarray analysis of fetuses with isolated muscular ventricular septal defect has revealed that it is not a severe risk factor of chromosomal abnormalities. This paper presents a review of the history of the diagnosis and frequency of ventricular septal defect, with discussion of its natural history from the fetal period to after birth in patients with isolated muscular ventricular septal defect.

Cardiopatías congénitas más frecuentes en niños con síndrome de Down

IntroductionDown's syndrome is most common chromosomal alteration amongst humans, and it is mostly associated to congenital heart diseases, the main cause of mortality during the first years of life. MotivationTo describe the frequency of each congenial heart disease and their clinical characteristics in children with Down's syndrome at the Cardio VID Clinic in Medellín. MethodsObservational, cross-sectional, descriptive study conducted in the Cardio VID Clinic with patients diagnosed with Down's syndrome and congenital heart diseases between January 1st 2010 and December 31st 2013. Results99 patients meeting all selection criteria were selected, with an average age of 8.1 months, 52 (52.5%) female. According to their medical records, the most common congenital heart diseases in children with Down's syndrome were perimembranous ventricular septal defect in 61 cases (61.6%), atrial septal defect in 46 (46.5%) and ductus arteriosus in 38 (38.4%). ConclusionTo our knowledge it is the first epidemiological study regarding the frequency and type of congenital heart diseases found in Colombian children with Down's syndrome in a cardiovascular centre. The high frequency of ventricular septal defect and differential distribution of heart defects associated with Down's syndrome in the population differ to the data reported in other studies.

Prevalence of Congenital Heart Disease: A Single Center Experience in Southwestern of Iran.

Congenital heart disease (CHD) refers to complex abnormalities that affect the structure or function of the heart due to embryonic defects. There is little accurate statistical data about prevalence, incidence and frequency in many developing countries such as Iran. The aim of this study was to evaluate the frequency of CHD in patients who were referred to the Department of Pediatric Cardiology in a large single-center in Southwestern of Iran. This is a retrospective, cross-sectional study. Patients with various cardiac malformations were each investigated separately. A check list was used to collect information. It was comprised of three parts; demographic characteristics, Patient's birth details and maternal data. The frequency of ventricular septal defect (VSD), atrial septal defect (ASD) and tetralogy of fallot (TOF) were 125 (28.47%), 48 (10.93%) and 41(9.3%) respectively. Family history was reported in 26(11.1%) cases. Down syndrome, skeletal anomaly and hematological anomaly were the most common co-anomalies. Parental consanguinity was 48.7%. Present study showed that VSD was the most common CHD subtype followed by family history, familial marriage, extra cardiac anomalies (ECAs), birth weight, and maternal concomitant disease. But there was a controversial relationship between birth order and drug history in CHD.

The spectrum of paediatric congenital heart disease at the Kenyatta National Hospital: Implications for surgical care

Background Congenital Heart Disease (CHD) is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality amongst infants and children globally. Complex heart lesions are more costly to manage than simple lesions. Geographical differences in the spectrum of CHD have been reported; knowledge of the spectrum of CHD provides a foundation for the rational allocation of health care resources. We undertook a study to determine if the CHD spectrum in Kenya differs from that encountered elsewhere in the globe. Methods A five year retrospective study was carried out at the Kenyatta National Hospital, Nairobi between January 1st 2000 and December 31st 2004. The frequency of selected CHD lesions was examined and compared with that reported from other parts of the world. Results Two hundred and fourteen patients were studied. The mean age at confirmation of diagnosis by echocardiography was 18.6 months. The frequency of ventricular septal defects, atrial septal defects, patent ductus arteriosus, tetralogy of Fallot and transposition of the great arteries, were 18.7%, 4.7%, 10.7%, 8.4%, 6.5% and 4.2% respectively. Conclusion The spectrum of CHD encountered in Kenya may contain more complex lesions than the spectrum found in developed regions of the world. Health resource allocation formulae applied to developed nations may not optimize the care of patients with CHD in developing nations. This may have important implications for health care resource allocation towards CHD in Kenya.

Congenital ventricular septal defects and prenatal exposure to cyclooxygenase inhibitors

Ventricular septal defects (VSDs) are common congenital abnormalities which have been reported to be associated with maternal fever and various environmental factors. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of prenatal exposure to cyclooxygenase (COX) inhibitors on heart defects. A retrospective statistical analysis was performed using data collected in our laboratory during various teratological studies carried out on albino CRL:(WI)WUBR Wistar strain rats from 1997 to 2004. The observations were compared with concurrent and historic control data, as well as findings from other developmental toxicological studies with selective and nonselective COX-2 inhibitors. Despite the lack of significant differences in the frequency of VSDs between drug-exposed and control groups, statistical analysis by the two-sided Mantel-Haenszel test and historical control data showed a higher incidence of heart defects in offspring exposed to nonselective COX inhibitors (30.06/10,000). Unlike other specific inhibitors, aspirin (46.26/10,000) and ibuprofen (106.95/10,000) significantly increased the incidence of the VSD when compared with various control groups (5.38-19.72/10,000). No significant differences in length or weight were detected between fetuses exposed to COX inhibitors and born with VSD and non-malformed offsprings. However, a statistically significant increase of fetal body length and decrease of body mass index were found in fetuses exposed to COX inhibitors when compared with untreated control. We conclude that prenatal exposure to COX inhibitors, especially aspirin and ibuprofen, increased the incidence of VSDs in rat offspring but was not related to fetal growth retardation.