Frequency Of Temporomandibular Disorders Research Articles

Bruxism, Lifestyle, Anxiety, and Sleep Impairment in Dental Students

AbstractThe aim of this study was to verify the correlation of self-reported sleep and awake bruxism with demographic characteristics, oral behaviors, anxiety, temporomandibular disorder (TMD) signs and symptoms, sleep quality, and orthodontic treatment history in dental students. A total of 104 students of Dentistry located in Paraná (South Brazilian State) answered the following self-administered questionnaires: Oral Behavior Checklist, State Anxiety Inventory, TMD signs and symptoms questionnaire, and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. Associations between possible awake bruxism (AB) and sleep bruxism (SB) with sleep quality, anxiety, and TMD were analyzed by Poisson Regression with robust variance. The significance level adopted was 5%. The frequency of AB and SB was 76% and 55.8%, respectively. A statistically higher frequency of AB was observed in students who had the following conditions: use of psychotropic medication, physical activity practitioners, moderate or high level of anxiety, more oral behaviors, sleep disorders, and sleep bruxism. Sleep bruxism was diagnosed more frequently in students who presented moderate or high levels of anxiety, oral behaviors, and sleep disorders. The frequency of TMD reported was higher in students with SB, as well as in those with AB. In conclusion, lifestyle, moderate and high anxiety levels, and sleep disorders are associated with a higher prevalence of AB and SB. Furthermore, AB and SB are associated with a higher frequency of TMD reporting.

Clinical Study to Evaluate the Prevalence of TMD Before and After Delivery of Complete Denture

Temporomandibular disorder (TMD) is a broad term that encompasses number of clinical problems including the temporomandibular joints, the masticatory musculature and related structures, or both. The etiology of TMD is ambiguous since the signs and symptoms which exist in patients with natural teeth may also being observed in edentulous patients. Thus, TMD is a multifactorial problem with varying symptoms combinations and rates. Relationship between removable complete dentures and tempromandibular joint disorder in different gender and age groups. A total of 30 patients (15 female and 15 male) who submitted to Prosthodontics Department, College of Dentistry, Al-Mustansiriyah University to make a new complete denture. The age of participants ranges from (40-80) years with the mean age (65.9) years. Two clinical examiners conducted the patient’s examination; the first examiner takes on a questionnaire to identify the TMD symptoms signs and. Clinical examination of the patients was assessed through part I, II of research diagnostic criteria pre and post one and two months of applying the prosthesis. The clinical evaluation of prosthesis done by the second clinical examiner related to (retention, stability, fitness, occlusion and centric relation) was evaluated twice at predetermined intervals of 1 and 2 months after construction and delivery of denture. Evaluation performed by using Dawson's bimanual technique and recorded within clinical case sheet for complete denture records. The present study shows that the highest frequency of TMD obtained in age group of 70-80 years old followed by age group of 60-69 years old at all intervals, internal derangement (ID frequency) significantly higher in females than male patients (p=0.02). There is significant statistical difference regarding the Myofacial pain dysfunction (MPD) frequency according to the time of using the dentures, those patients with Diabetes Mellitus (DM) formed the highest percentage (39.1%) of those whom presented with MPD followed by those with Hypertension (HT) (32%) and those with history of HT and DM represent (17.4%) only The results also illustrated that prosthesis properties (retention, stability, fitness, occlusion and centric relation) show significant relation with TMDs improvement post one and two months. Most patients with complete denture perceived improvement in the sign and symptoms of TMDs.

Frequency and Severity of Temporomandibular Disorders Among Weightlifters at Fitness Centers in a Subset Population of Saudi Arabia: A Cross-Sectional Observational Study.

Background Teeth clenching in weightlifters is a common finding that may result in temporomandibular disorders (TMDs). This study aimed to evaluate the severity and frequency of TMDs among weightlifters at fitness centers in Saudi Arabia. Methods A cross-sectional study was designed to collect data from weightlifters at fitness centers. A non-probability convenient sampling technique was applied using a valid and reliable Fonseca's questionnaire on a Google Sheet (Google, Mountain View, CA) to collect participant data. The survey was conducted from November 2022 to April 2023. Epi Info software (CDC,Atlanta, Georgia) was used to calculate the sample size, and a minimum sample of 278 was required. The data underwent analysis using SPSS version 20 (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY). Results Data analyzed from 375 participants revealed that 192 (51.2%) had mild signs of TMD, whereas 128 (34.13%) of the respondents had no symptoms of TMD. A significant difference was observed among female participants in all the temporomandibular joint severity categories. A statistically significant difference was observed between both genders concerning frequent headaches, earache, and nervousness. Conclusion The prevalence of TMD is high worldwide. Unsupervised athletic activity may result in the occurrence of TMD. Fonseca's questionnaire findings reveal a mild prevalence of TMD in weightlifters.

Prevalence of Temporomandibular Disorders in subjects affected by Parkinson Disease: a systematic review and metanalysis.

While Temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) are not typically considered a primary symptom of Parkinson disease (PD), recent studies have documented a correlation between aging and TMDs, a cluster of conditions affecting the temporomandibulr joint and surrounding musculature, thereby underscoring the potential for an increased frequency of TMDs in the aging PD population. The purpose of this review is to systematically evaluate the existing literature on the topic and provide a comprehensive overview of the prevalence of TMDs in patients with PD. To determine eligibility, we utilized the Population (human subjects), Exposure (PD), Comparator (PD vs non-PD subjects), and Outcomes (TMD) (PECO) model. To conduct this systematic review, we searched for articles published in PubMed, Web of Science, and Lilacs from the beginning until April150, 2023. Three study were selected. All together they comprised a total of 55828 subjects, out of which 12629 were affected by PD or Parkinsonism, and the remaining 43199 were non-PD subjects matched for age and sex. The study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of TMDs in subjects affected by PD. The results showed that 193/12629 (1,53%) of PD individuals presented with TMD symptoms or were diagnosed with TMD, while 260/43199 (0,6%) of non-PD subjects were diagnosed with the same. The meta-analysis, showed that there was a higher TMD prevalence in PD subjects compared to non-PD subjects (RR 1.57; 95% CI: 1.30- 1.89). The studies reviewed suggest a possible association between TMD and PD. Further research is needed to clarify the relationship between TMD and PD and to identify possible mechanisms and treatment strategies.

The prevalence of temporomandibular disorders among medical students

Aim: This study aimed to evaluate the frequency of temporomandibular disorders (TMD) among students at the Abant Izzet Baysal University Medical Faculty in Turkey.Methods: Two hundred eleven medical students aged between 18 and 30 were included in the study. The presence and severity of TMD were evaluated using the Fonseca Anamnestic Index (FAI). Parafunctional habits, bruxism, and orthodontic treatments potentially associated with TMD were investigated.Results: No TMD was determined in 87 (41.2%) of the participants, mild TMD in 82 (38.9%), moderate TMD in 37 (17.5%), and severe TMD in five (2.4%) in the evaluations performed using the FAI. The frequency of TMD was significantly higher in women compared to men (p

Oral health-related quality of life and psychological states of dental students with temporomandibular disorders.

This study investigates the frequency of temporomandibular disorders (TMD) in dental students, and evaluates the association between TMDs, psychological states, and oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL). The presence of bruxism was also determined. Two hundred ninety-three dental students completed the Symptom Checklist 90-Revised (SCL-90-R) and Oral Health Impact Profile 14 (OHIP-14) questionnaires and underwent a clinical examination according to Diagnostic Criteria for TMDs. TMDs were detected in 46.4% of the dental students. OHIP-14 scores of students with TMDs were significantly higher than scores for students without TMDs (p<0.05). Significant differences were observed in all SCL-90-R scores among students with and without TMDs, except for phobic anxiety and additional SCL-90-R subscale scores (p<0.05). The prevalence of myalgia was significantly higher in clinical students (26.6%) than in preclinical students (15.6%). OHIP-14 scores of clinical students were significantly higher than preclinical students (p<0.05). In dental students, there was a high frequency of TMDs and bruxism. OHRQoL was poorer in clinical students. Levels of anxiety, depression, and somatization were not different in clinical and preclinical students. SCL-90-R scores are higher in students with TMDs except for phobic anxiety and additional SCL-90-R subscale scores.

The Frequency of Temporomandibular Disorders, Surgical Complications, and Self-Reported Mental Health Problems in Orthognathic Patients.

To evaluate the frequency of signs and symptoms of temporomandibular disorders (TMD), surgical complications, and patient's self-reported mental health problems during orthognathic treatment. The clinical records of 145 patients treated with orthognathic treatment were retrospectively studied. Variables regarding occlusal parameters, treatment duration, TMD symptoms, complications, and self-reported mental health status at time points of T0 (beginning of the treatment), T1 (before surgery), and T2 (final examination) were evaluated. The variables were statistically compared with significance level of P < 0.05. A total of 51% (n = 74) of the patients had TMD symptoms at 1 or several time points, women having significantly more TMD signs and symptoms ( P = 0.002). Temporomandibular disorder signs and symptoms decreased significantly after orthognathic treatment ( P <0.001). At least 1 self-reported mental health-related factor during 1 or several time points (T0-T2) was recorded in 17.2% (n = 25) of the patients. There was no significant difference in frequency of self-reported mental health problems in patients with TMD signs and symptoms compared with patients without TMD signs and symptoms ( P > 0.05). The frequency of postoperative complications was 39.3%, being significantly higher after Bilateral Sagittal Split Osteothomy (BSSO, 48.7%). There was no difference in treatment duration of patients with self-reported mental health problems compared with patients without ( P > 0.05). In this study population, TMD signs and symptoms seem to be typical both in patients with or without self-reported mental health problems. Women had significantly more TMD symptoms. Orthognathic surgery treatment seems to have a positive effect on TMD signs and symptoms.

Temporomandibular disorders in patients with polysomnographic diagnosis of sleep bruxism: a case–control study

Temporomandibular disorders (TMD) is a collective term that refers to complaints of temporomandibular joint (TMJ) pain, fatigue and/or pain of the craniocervical muscles, limitation of movement of the mandible, and TMJ noises. Sleep bruxism (SB) is a disorder involving rhythmic (phasic) or non-rhythmic (tonic) masticatory muscle activity during sleep and is not a movement disorder or a sleep disorder in otherwise healthy individuals. The present study aimed to support or reject the null hypothesis that there is no association between SB and TMD. The study population was recruited from patients who visited the Artmedica Clinic, Mossoro city, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil. Patients who underwent polysomnography received information about the research and were invited to participate following the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The study sample consisted of 40 individuals with age ranging from 19 to 76years. The subjects were administered the questionnaire of the European Academy of Craniomandibular Disorders (AEDC). Those who answered affirmatively to at least one question of the questionnaire were recommended to visit the primary researcher's dental clinic for examination; those who met the Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders (DC/TMD) were evaluated, and their condition was classified into one or more subtypes of TMD. The subjects were divided into 4 groups according to the polysomnographic findings and the responses to the AEDC questionnaire. Of the 40 individuals who answered the AEDC questionnaire and underwent polysomnography, 28 presented with TMD symptoms. The data were expressed as simple frequency and percentage values using statistical software. Values of p < 0.05 were considered to be significant. The results showed that the frequency of TMD in individuals diagnosed to have SB was 46.4%. According to the DC/TMD of the 28 individuals, the most prevalent TMD subtype was local myalgia (85.7%). Of the total subjects, 32.5% had TMD and SB, 36.4% were males,and in the age range of 31 to 40years (40%). In this study sample, there was no association between SB as currently defined and TMD, thus confirming previous findings on this topic.

The association between sleep quality, depression, anxiety and stress levels, and temporomandibular joint disorders among Turkish dental students during the COVID-19 pandemic

ABSTRACT Objective This study aimed to examine the association between sleep quality, depression, anxiety and stress levels, and the frequency of temporomandibular disorders in a sample of Turkish dental students during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods The current cross-sectional study was conducted with 699 dental university students during the COVID-19 pandemic. Fonseca Anamnestic Index (FAI), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), and Depression Anxiety Stress Scale-21 (DASS-21) were used in the present study. Results The incidence of temporomandibular joint disorders in the present study was found to be 77.5%. Female students’ FAI scores were found to be statistically significantly higher than males (p < 0.05). Additionally, higher depression and anxiety and stress levels caused increased PSQI and FAI scores. Conclusion During the COVID-19 pandemic, increased temporomandibular joint disorders were observed with increased impaired sleep quality and higher depression, anxiety and stress levels among dental university students.

Comparison of the Frequency of Temporomandibular Disorders Between β-Thalassemia Major Patients and High School and Guidance School Students

Comparison of the Frequency of Temporomandibular Disorders Between β-Thalassemia Major Patients and High School and Guidance School Students

Prevalence of Function-Dependent Temporomandibular Joint and Masticatory Muscle Pain, and Predictors of Temporomandibular Disorders among Patients with Lyme Disease

The aim was to determine the occurrence of temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) in patients with Lyme disease (LD), and to estimate the contribution of factors that may identify TMD among LD patients. In seventy-six (N = 76) adult patients with LD (mean age 57.6 ± 14.6 years) and 54 healthy non-Lyme volunteers with a mean age of 56.4 ± 13.5 years, possible function (i.e., non-pain) diagnoses were established using the Research Diagnostic Criteria of Temporomandibular Disorders (RDC/TMD). Pain diagnoses were established by means of the function-dependent dynamic and static tests. The two groups did not significantly differ in the frequency of disc displacements diagnoses and function-dependent pain diagnoses. LD showed a significantly higher frequency (p < 0.001) of osteoarthrosis than the control group. For the prediction of pain diagnoses in LD patients, the single regression analyses pointed out an association with age, sleep bruxism (SB), and awake bruxism (AB). Two predictors (i.e., SB (p = 0.002) and AB (p = 0.017)) were statistically significant in the final multiple variable model. The frequency of TMD in patients with LD based on function-dependent tests was not significantly different from that in the control group. This investigation suggests that the contribution of bruxism to the differentiation between patients with Lyme and TMD is high.

Prevalence and correlations of temporomandibular disorders in Northern Jordan using diagnostic criteria axis I.

The aim of the present study was to document the prevalence and possible correlations of temporomandibular disorders (TMD) in a sample of participants from Northern Jordan. A total of 368 adult participants were consecutively selected from visitors to a major health facility in Northern Jordan and examined according to the diagnostic criteria (DC) for TMD (DC/TMD) protocol. Patients with conditions that could interfere with TMD diagnosis were excluded. Pearson correlation and analysis of variance statistical tests were applied. Statistical significance was set at P≤0.05, with a 95% confidence interval. A total of 98 patients (26.7%) had 1 TMD diagnoses; 60 participants (16.3%) had a pain-related TMD diagnosis, 48 (13%) had intra-articular joint disorders (IAD), and 16 had both pain-related TMD and IAD. In addition, six (1.6%) participants were found to have degenerative joint disease. Females were found to have a higher prevalence of pain-related TMD diagnoses (r=0.111, P=0.034) and headache (r=0.129, P=0.013) than males. Clicking was positively related to both pain-related TMD (r=0.154, P=0.003) and IAD (r=0.576, P=0.000). The frequency of TMD and related features was reported in a Northern Jordanian population using DC/TMD for the first time, and the results are comparable to other populations in similar study settings.

Analysis of the frequency and degree of temporomandibular disorder in patients with head and neck cancer undergoing radiotherapy

Abstract Introduction: Head and neck cancer is responsible for an increasing incidence of primary malignant neoplasm cases worldwide. Radiotherapy is one of the treatments of choice for this type of cancer, but it can cause adverse effects, such as temporomandibular disorder. The objective of this study was to characterize the degree and frequency of temporomandibular disorder in patients with head and neck cancer undergoing radiotherapy. Method: This research was quantitative, descriptive and exploratory. The sample consisted of 22 patients that answered assessment questions and the Helkimo anamnestic questionnaire, modified by Fonseca (1992). The data were collected from May to October 2014, and statistically analyzed using the Chi-square test, with a significance level of p ≤ 0.05. Results: Of the 22 patients, 86.4 % were male, with a mean age of 58.86 ± 9.41 years. Temporomandibular disorder was present in 31.8% of the subjects, based on the assessment prior to radiotherapy, and in 59.1% in the post-treatment assessment. Among all questions, the most frequent was "Do you use only one side of the mouth to chew?" with 22.7% "yes" answers, both at the first assessment and at the post treatment. Conclusion: According to the results of this study, temporomandibular disorder is a disease that is present with a high prevalence in people diagnosed with head and neck cancer undergoing radiotherapy.

The Frequency of Temporomandibular Disorder (TMD) in Boxers, With Membership Record in National Team of the Islamic Republic of Iran

Background: Facial trauma is a common sport-related injury and risk of this injury in contact sports is greater than non-contact sports. Facial trauma has been suggested as a possible etiologic factor of temporomandibular disorder (TMD). Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate the frequency of TMD and its clinical manifestation in boxers of Islamic Republic of Iran national team. Materials and Methods: In this study, thirty-two male players with average age of 23.75 ± 2.21 who were playing boxing more than 6 years were evaluated regarding TMD. After taking the history, a clinical examination was performed for each athlete. The presence of at least a sign or symptom was considered as TMD diagnosis. Data were collected and presented as descriptive findings. Results: Of 32 boxers, 28.1% (9 cases) had TMD and 71.9% (23 cases) were healthy. The most common symptom was ante-auricular pain (25%) followed by neck pain (21.87%) right ante-auricular tenderness (9.37%) muscle tenderness (9.37%), neck tenderness (9.37%) and headache (3.12%). The uppermost sign was right joint click (25%) followed by left joint click (12.5%) and jaw deviation during mouth opening (12.5%).average age of (25 ± 2 years) and boxing record (10.44 ± 2.29 years) of athletes with TMD were higher than average age of (23.26 ± 2.4 years) and boxing record (7.26 ± 1.76 years) of athletes without TMD. Conclusions: This study showed that the prevalence of various sign and symptoms of TMD is relatively high in boxers which could result from boxing-related facial trauma.

Oral health and quality of life of children and adolescents with juvenile idiopathic arthritis according to their caregivers' perceptions.

The aim of this study was to assess the correlation between oral health indicators and oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) of children and adolescents with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) according to their caregivers' perceptions. Parents or guardians (mean age, 40.6 years; standard deviation [SD] = 10.97 years) of children and adolescents with JIA (n = 17; mean age, 9.8 years; SD = 2.86) and parents or guardians of healthy children and adolescents (n = 15; mean age, 10.7 years; SD = 2.16) filled the short form of the Brazilian Parental-Caregiver Questionnaire (SF: 13 - B-PCPQ). Dental evaluations were performed on all children. There was no significant difference in SF: 13 - B-PCPQ scores of the two groups. Children and adolescents with JIA had fewer caries in their primary dentition and more gingival bleeding after probing than those without JIA. The frequency of temporomandibular disorders was 50.0% for JIA patients and 46.7% for their healthy counterparts. There was no correlation between oral health indicators and SF: 13 - B-PCPQ scores. As perceived by caregivers, JIA did not negatively impact the well-being of their children and adolescents as related to oral health, and their OHRQoL did not correlate with oral health status.

Temporomandibular joint dysfunction in various rheumatic diseases

Temporomandibular disorder (TMD) is an inclusive term in which those conditions disturbing the masticatory function are embraced. It has been estimated that 33% of the population have signs of TMD, but less than 5% of the population will require treatment. The objective of this study was to measure the frequency of TMD in rheumatoid arthritis (RA), osteoarthrosis (OA), ankylosing spondylitis (AS) and systemic lupus erythematosus, and to define the limitations in everyday's life that patients perceive when present. A six-month survey of consecutive outpatients in a rheumatology clinic in a teaching hospital in Mexico was carried out. We defined TMD as: 1) the presence of pain; 2) difficulty on mouth opening, chewing or speaking; 3) the presence of non-harmonic movements of the temporomaxilar joints. All three characteristics had to be present. Z test was used to define differences between proportions. We present the results of 171 patients. Overall, 50 patients had TMD according to our operational definition (29.24%). Up to 76% of the sample had symptoms associated with the condition. TMD is more frequent in OA and in AS (29.24% vs 38% OA, P=0.009; 39% AS; P=0.005). We found no association between the severity of TMD and the request for specific attention for the discomfort produced by the condition. Only 8 of 50 (16%) patients with TMD had requested medical help for their symptoms, and they were not the most severe cases. TMD is more frequent in RA and OA. Although it may produce severe impairment, patients seem to adapt easily.

TMD before and after correction of dentofacial deformities by orthodontic and orthognathic treatment

The aims of the study were to investigate the alteration of temporomandibular disorders (TMD) after correction of dentofacial deformities by orthodontic treatment in conjunction with orthognathic surgery; and to compare the frequency of TMD in patients with dentofacial deformities with an age and gender matched control group. TMD were evaluated in 121 consecutive patients (treatment group), referred for orthognathic surgery, by a questionnaire and a clinical examination. 18 months after treatment, 81% of the patients completed a follow-up examination. The control group comprised 56 age and gender matched subjects, of whom 68% presented for follow-up examination. TMD were diagnosed according to research diagnostic criteria for TMD. At baseline examination, the treatment group had a higher frequency of myofascial pain (P=.035) and arthralgia (P=.040) than the control group. At follow-up, the frequencies of myofascial pain, arthralgia and disc displacement had decreased in the treatment group (P=.050, P=.004, P=.041, respectively). The frequency of TMD was comparable in the two groups at follow-up. Patients with dentofacial deformities, corrected by orthodontic treatment in conjunction with orthognathic surgery, seem to have a positive treatment outcome in respect of TMD pain.

MRI evaluation of the classification, frequency, and disc morphology of temporomandibular joint disc displacements: a multicenter retrospective study in a Turkish population

Objectives Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) and temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) have been discussed in detail for various populations. As no such study has examined the Turkish population, we determined the frequency of TMDs in the Turkish population through a multicentric investigation using MRI.

Temporomandibular disorders in elderly patients

Temporomandibular Disorders (TMD) is a disorder that is still controversial in terms of correlation between clinical signs &amp; symptoms and age. Most studies were carried out on adult populations with little attention given to the elderly. The purpose of this study is to elucidate the frequency of TMD in elderly population and risk factors pertinent to it. This is a cross sectional study which included patients aged 60-91 of Geriatric Department of National Hospital Cipto Mangunkusumo, Jakarta, Indonesia. The temporomandibular joint (TMJ) was examined for clinical signs &amp; symptoms. Data was analyzed using non parametric Chi Square test. Although there is no significant p value obtained, there is a clear tendency that occurence of TMD diminishes with age, more male elderly experience TMD and elderly experiencing up to 13 tooth loss might have higher risk for TMD. (Med J Indones 2007; 16:237-9)

Evaluation of the signs and symptoms of temporomandibular disorders in children with headaches

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the presence of signs and symptoms of temporomandibular disorders (TMD) in children with headaches in a neuropediatric ambulatory. Fifty patients between 4 and 18 years of age were examined: 31 had headaches (24 migraine, 4 tension type and 3 unspecific headache) and 19 formed the control group. The data collection was comprised of a structured questionnaire answered by the children's parents, and a subjective evaluation about the childrens emotional state. A specific questionnaire for TMD was applied, followed by a clinical dental examination of the children. As signs of TMD, mouth opening limitation, mandibular trajectory deviation in opening mouth, and joint noise were considered. As symptoms, pain on palpation of masseter and temporal muscles and on the poromandibular joint. A significant increase in signs and symptoms of TMD was found in patients with headaches when compared to the control group. There was also a significant difference in signs and symptoms of TMD according to age (increased with age) and emotional state (tense>calm). There is a higher frequency of TMD in pediatric patients with headaches; thus, it is important to look for TMD signs and symptoms in this population.