Frequency Sensorineural Hearing Loss Research Articles

Assessment of the risk of hearing loss in children with cystic fibrosis

Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a severe hereditary disease with a multisystem lesion. Manifestations of CF include severe infectious purulent lesions of all parts of the respiratory tract, including purulent rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps. The involvement of the sinonasal region and the need for systemic use of ototoxic drugs (primarily aminoglycosides to treat resistant bacterial infection) potentially create a risk of both conductive and sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL). The available data on the epidemiology of hearing disorders in CF is contradictory. Currently, genetic determinants of the development of aminoglycoside SNHL have been identified. For 136 CF patients (75 girls, 61 boys) aged 3 to 17 (9.4±3.9) years were performed audiological examination: tympanometry, transient-evoked otoacoustic emission and the pure tone threshold audiometry (standard frequency range) (n=126). History of systemic therapy with aminoglycosides was evaluated for each patient. Sequencing of c.35delG mutations in the GJB2 gene (nuclear DNA) and A1555G in the 12S rRNA gene (mitochondrial DNA) was performed in 215 patients with cystic fibrosis (the group partially overlaps with the audiological group), and as a control - 106 children with bronchial asthma and 103 healthy children, their age ranged from 3 to 17 (8.8±3.8) years. Audiological examination of CF children reveled a prevalence of conductive hearing loss comparable to the general population (2.4%). The frequency of SNHL was 1.6%, wich exceeds that of non-CF children. A genetic study revealed one case of heterozygous carriage of the c.35delG mutation in the GJB2 gene in a patient with bronchial asthma. In the group of patients with CF (n=215), mutations in the connexin 26 gene were not detected. No A1555G mutation was detected either in the group of patients with CF or in the control groups. Children with CF are at risk for the development of sensorineural, but not conductive hearing loss. Routine total screening for A1555G and c.35delG mutations probably seems not to be recommended.

Frequency of Sensorineural Hearing Loss in Chronic Otitis Media

Aim: To estimate the frequency of sensorineural hearing loss in chronic otitis media. Study design: Descriptive study. Place and duration of study: Department of ENT, Services Hospital Lahore from 1st June 2021 to 30th November 2021. Methodology: One hundred patients diagnosed with chronic otitis media were enrolled. Their clinical details were documented and audiograms were performed. Frequency of sensorineural hearing loss was determined. Results: Mean age of 27.9±6.1 years with 59% males and 41% females. There were 52% patients who were diagnosed with the sensorineural hearing loss while it was not present in the 48% of the patients whereas significant difference within the positive patients with sensorineural hearing loss and longer duration of infection was observed in comparison to sensorineural hearing loss negative cases. Conclusion: A high frequency of sensorineural hearing loss is presented in chronic otitis media cases. Keywords: Frequency, Sensorineural hearing loss, Chronic otitis media

Otitis Media with Persistent Inflammation is a Common Cause of Sensorineural Hearing Loss

Objective: The purpose of the research was to determine the rate of sensorineural hearing loss that is associated with chronic otitis media. Study Design: A Descriptive Cross-sectional study Place and Duration: Frontier Medical College, Abbottabad, from June, 2021 to November, 2021. Methods: Total 87 patients of both genders had age 15-55 years were presented. All the included patients had chronic suppurative otitis media clinical symptoms. Patients were enrolled after getting informed written consent from the patients. Through the use of a pure tone audiogram, we were able to determine the mean threshold of voice frequencies for sick as well as normal contralateral ears. In sick ears, a mean of more than 25 dB was considered to represent a positive case of SNHL. SPSS 24.0 was used to analyze all data. Results: We found that 49 (56.9%) patients were males and 38 (43.1%) patients were females. 17 (19.5%) cases had age 15-25 years, 35 (40.2%) patients had age 26-35 years, 25 (28.7%) patients had age 36-45 years and 10 (11.5%) patients were aged between 46-55 years. Majority of the cases 51 (58.6%) were from urban areas. There were 50 (57.5%) cases had chronic otitis media duration <10 months and remaining had disease duration >10 months. Frequency of sensorineural hearing loss was found in 47 (54.02%) cases. Among 47 cases SNHL, 32 cases were aged between 31-55 years. Conclusion: We concluded in this study that patients with chronic otitis media had significantly higher number of sensorineural hearing loss, Among SBHL cases, patients were mostly aged between 31-55 years and disease duration was >10months. Keywords: Otitis Media, Sensorineural Hearing Loss,

Frequency of Sensorineural Hearing Loss in Chronic Otitis Media

Objective: To identify the frequency of sensorineural hearing loss in chronic otitis media. Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Place and Duration of Study: Department of ENT, Bacha Khan Medical College, Mardan Medical Complex Mardan from 1st October 2019 to 30th September 2021. Methodology: One hundred patients with chronic suppurative otitis media clinical symptoms and diagnosis were included in the study. The age of the patients was between 11-50 years. A mean of 0.05 an average result of three recorded frequencies on an audiogram was calculated. With an increase in chronic suppurative otitis media duration the number of sensorineural hearing loss patients was determined. Results: The mean age was 36.3±6.6 years with 54% males and 46% females. The frequency of sensorineural hearing loss was reported as 51 (51%) of the otitis media disease patients were suffering from sensorineural hearing loss condition while the similar condition was not seen in the 49% of the chronic suppurative otitis media patients. Conclusion: A high frequency of sensorineural hearing loss was recorded in the chronic suppurative otitis media patients. Keywords: Sensorineural, Otitis media, Hearing loss

Hearing profile in patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis and Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

Introduction and aim: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and Systemic Lupus Erythematous (SLE) are chronic, inflammatory diseases with intra and extra articular manifestations. They affect 1% of the population. The auditory system can be affected in the course of these diseases. However, the pathogenesis of hearing impairment in these diseases is not clearly understood. The current work aimed to determine frequency and type of hearing impairment (HI) in patients with RA and SLE and possible correlation with different disease parameters.
 Methodology: Fifty RA and Fifty SLE patients, and 50 healthy, age and sex matched controls, were included. Their age ranged from 35 to 50 years. They were selected from the outpatient clinic of Al-Azhar university hospital (Damietta). HI was evaluated by pure tone audiometry and tympanometry including acoustic reflex threshold test and auditory brain stem response (ABR). Complete medical history and general & local examination were done along with full laboratory and immunological investigation.
 Results: Hearing loss was found in 41(82%) in RA patients and in 19 (38%) in control group. Hearing loss in SLE patients was found in 27(54%) and 15(30%) in control group. In AR patients, the level of hearing loss varied from mild to moderate in 28(56%) and 13(26%) respectively, and in control group was 17(34%) and 2(4%) respectively. In SLE group, level of hearing loss varied from mild to moderate in 19(38%) and 8(16%) respectively, and in control group was 13(26%) and 2(4%).
 Conclusion: There was a high frequency of sensorineural hearing loss in both RA (82%) and SLE (54%) patients compared to normal controls. Careful surveillance of hearing profile in early stages of both diseases is important and follow up testing of hearing status should be part of patient care.

Minimally invasive transcanal endoscopic assisted endolymphatic decompression for patient with refractory Ménière’s disease

Ménière’s disease’s most typical clinical feature are recurrent episodes of vertigo which may last for a few hours, and associated with some cochlear symptoms, such as hearing loss, tinnitus and sense of aural fullness [3]. Diagnostic criteria of Ménière’s disease were refined in 2015, and stated the definite Ménière’s disease is characterized with 2 or more spontaneous episodes of vertigo, with each lasting 20 minutes to 12 hours, fluctuating low frequency to mid- frequency sensorineural hearing loss in the affected ear, fluctuating aural symptoms with at least two episodes, such as tinnitus and fullness [5].

Frequency of Sensorineural Hearing Loss among Children with Bacterial Meningitis

Aim: Frequency of sensorineural hearing loss among children presenting with acute bacterial meningitis. Study design: Pediatric wards of Khyber Teaching Hospital, Peshawar with the help of audiology department of Khyber teaching hospital, Peshawar Study design & duration: Descriptive cross sectional study. 5 months from 23/10/2018 to 23/03/2019. Sample size: Sample size was 149 using 44.4% proportions SNHL among children with bacterial meningitis, 95% confidence level and 8% absolute precision using WHO sample size calculations. Methodology: 149 cases i.e. 90 males and 59 females were included with age of 02 to 144 months. All were with diagnosis of bacterial meningitis. Lab tests and CSF examination was performed. The assessment of hearing was done before discharge in the form of BERA and PTA. All findings of hearing assessment was entered in Performa. Results: In the study, mean± SD of age was 28± 35.7. Moreover, 60.4% were males and 39.6% were females. 10(6.7%) of the 149 cases have sensorineural hearing loss while 139(93.3%) were having normal on hearing assessment. Conclusion: Sensorineural hearing loss in patients with bacterial meningitis was 6.7%. Keywords: Sensorineural Hearing Loss, Meningitis, Bacterial Meningitis

Analysis of Sensorineural Hearing Loss by Pure Tone Audiometry in Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media

Objective: To determine the frequency of sensorineural hearing loss in patients presenting with Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media.Methods: A total of 121 patients who fulfilled the inclusion criteria and visited the ENT Department of Civil Hospital, Karachi were included in the study. Informed consent was taken after explaining the procedure, risks, and benefits of the study. Bone conduction thresholds were measured at frequencies (500, 1000, 2000, 4000 H2) utilizing diagnostic audiometer model TA 155. Air conduction and bone conduction thresholds >30 decibel and no air-bone gap were considered as SNHL. The opposite ear was masked while obtaining bone conduction results. All the collected data were entered into the proforma.Results: Mean ± SD of age was 35.48 ± 7.24 years. The mean ± SD of bone conduction was 29.42 ± 4.28 db. Out of 121 patients, 85 (70.24%) were male and 36 (29.76%) were female. Sensorineural hearing loss was noted in 20 (16.52%) patients. SNHL is found to be associated with age, gender, duration of symptoms, and level of bone conduction with p <0.05.Conclusion: It is concluded that CSOM is associated with SNHL. Aging can act as a precipitating factor in this pathological process. It is therefore recommended that all ENT surgeons should implement early medical and surgical management of any form of CSOM to prevent SNHL which is irreversible in most patients.

Frequency of Sensorineural Hearing Loss among Children with Pyogenic Meningitis

Aim: To find out the frequency of sensorineural hearing loss among children with pyogenic meningitis.
 Study Design: Cross-sectional.
 Place and Duration of Study: Study was conducted at Ziauddin university hospital during the period of July 2019 to February 2020.
 Methodology: About 96 participants were enrolled in the study between the age group of one month up to 12 years. Patients were included on the basis of clinical presentation and laboratory findings of pyogenic meningitis. An expert audiologist performed the brainstem evoked response audiometry test before discharging the patient from the hospital. For data analysis SPSS version-20 was used. All the quantitative variables were calculated as mean with standard deviation while qualitative data were presented as frequency and percentages. To find out association between variables, the Mann Whitney U-test and chi-square test was applied while P-value ≤0.05 was considered as significant.
 Results: Mean age with standard deviation was 6.8 ±2.3. Majority of the study participants were boys (57%). The frequency of sensorineural hearing loss was 17%. It was more among females than their male counter parts that was 64.7% and 35.3% respectively but no significant association was reported. The younger age group was having higher frequency of sensorineural hearing loss (47.1%), followed by the age group of 6-8 years (29.4%) and the very small number of participants were affected from the age group of 9-12 years (23.5%) but all the age groups were having no significant association with frequency of hearing loss.
 Conclusion: It can be concluded that sensorineural hearing loss is the most common complication reported among the children with pyogenic meningitis in current setup so there is a need of early evaluation of hearing problems in all patients diagnosed with pyogenic meningitis.

SENSORINEURAL HEARING LOSS IN CHRONIC OTITIS MEDIA: A CROSS SECTIONAL DESCRIPTIVE STUDY AT TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL

OBJECTIVE: To determine the frequency of sensorineural hearing loss in chronic suppurative otitis media.
 MATERIAL AND METHODS: A cross sectional descriptive study was done at department of ENT-B, Hayatabad Medical Complex (HMC), Peshawar, from March 2016 to September 2016. In this study a total of 174 patients were observed by using 95% confidence interval and 5% margin of error with expected frequency of sensorineural hearing loss 13% among cases with chronic suppurative otitis media with the help of WHO formula for sample size determination. More over consecutive (non-probability) sampling technique was used for sample collection.
 RESULTS: In this study mean age was 26 years with standard deviation ± 11.62. Forty five percent patients were male while 55% patients were female. More over the incidence of sensorineural hearing loss was found to be 18% in patients with chronic suppurative otitis media.
 CONCLUSION: The incidence of sensorineural hearing loss was found to be 18% in patients with chronic suppurative otitis media.
 
 KEY WORDS: Bacteriology, antibiotic sensitivity, chronic suppurative otitis media, sensory neural hearing loss

Frequency of sensorineural hearing loss in children with bacterial meningitis.

Objectives: To determine the frequency of sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) in children with bacterial meningitis. Study Design: Cross Sectional study. Setting: Department of Paediatric Medicine Nishtar Hospital, Multan. Period: October 2019 to March 2020. Material & Methods: The study was conducted after permission from ethical committee. A total of 151 patients admitted with bacterial meningitis were enrolled. Apart from the presenting complaints, necessary information like the age and gender were noted. Examination of the child was done to assess the condition of child. Brainstem evoked response audiometry (BERA) test was performed before discharge of the patient from the hospital. The outcome variable that is SNHL in bacterial meningitis assessed by BERA test was noted in a specifically designed Performa. Results: Out of total of 151 patients, males were 83 (55%) while females 68 (45%). Overall mean age was 11.85+6.12 months. SNHL was found in 26 (17.2%) children. There was no significant effect of age or gender on the frequencies of SNHL. Conclusion: SNHL is a frequently encountered complication in our population of children with bacterial meningitis. SNHL should be carefully sought out and properly diagnosed in all the patients presenting with bacterial meningitis.

The results of hearing screening in refugee school children living in Şanliurfa /Turkey and the related risk factors

ObjectivesDetermining the frequency of and the risk factors for hearing loss among school-age children by comparing the results of hearing screening in children from Syrian refugee and native Turkish population. MethodsThe results of the official hearing test, which was conducted by the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Turkey for schoolchildren in the first grade in the 2017–2018 academic year in the Province of Şanlıurfa, were analyzed. ResultsA total of 23,664 children were screened; 20,603 (87.1%) were Turkish native, and 3,061 (12.9%) were Syrian refugees. The age range was between 69 and 84 months. The screening results indicated in Turkish children, sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) in 0.26%, otitis media with effusion (OME) in 0.41%, and chronic otitis media (COM) in 0.08%. In the refugee children, the frequency of SNHL was 1.11%, OME was 0.94%, and COM was 0.62%. The rate of COM and SNHL was significantly higher in the refugee children (p < 0.001). Moreover, among those with hearing loss, the frequency of low birth weight, inflammatory diseases, and the family history of consanguineous marriage was significantly higher in refugee children compared to those in Turkish native population (p = 0.018, p = 0.003, and p = 0.022, respectively). ConclusionHearing loss is a major preventable and treatable cause of developmental disorder in childhood. When untreated, hearing loss may delay speaking and prevent socio-emotional development, leading to longterm negative consequences. We believe that programs for hearing screening in schoolchildren should be expanded and that immigrants who carry several risk factors for developmental hearing loss should be included in these programs.

Normal neonatal hearing screening did not preclude sensorineural hearing loss in two-year-old very preterm infants.

Very preterm infants are at risk of neonatal hearing loss. However, it is unknown whether infants with a normal neonatal hearing screening result risk sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) at a later age. This cohort study was conducted at the Erasmus Medical University Center Rotterdam, the Netherlands, on 77 very preterm infants born between October 2005 and September 2008. All infants underwent auditory brainstem response audiometry during neonatal hearing screening and at two years of corrected age. The frequency of SNHL in infants with a normal neonatal hearing screening was analysed and the risk factors associated with newly diagnosed SNHL in these infants were examined. We found that 3.9% (3/77) of the very preterm infants showed permanent hearing loss during their neonatal hearing screening. In addition, a relatively high prevalence of newly diagnosed SNHL (4.3%) was found in three of the 70 infants followed up at the age of two. The total prevalence rate of permanent hearing loss in the cohort was approximately 8%. A normal outcome of neonatal hearing screening did not guarantee normal hearing at two years of age in this very preterm cohort and paediatricians should be alert to the possibility of late-onset SNHL.

Determination of relationship and frequency of sensorineural hearing loss in previously diagnosed diabetes mellitus and/or hypertensive adults using qualitative semi-structured interviews

Determination of relationship and frequency of sensorineural hearing loss in previously diagnosed diabetes mellitus and/or hypertensive adults using qualitative semi-structured interviews

A novel missense variant in PRKCB segregates low-frequency hearing loss in an autosomal dominant family with Meniere's disease.

Meniere's Disease (MD) is a complex disorder associated with an accumulation of endolymph in the membranous labyrinth in the inner ear. It is characterized by recurrent attacks of spontaneous vertigo associated with sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) and tinnitus. The SNHL usually starts at low and medium frequencies with a variable progression to high frequencies. We identified a novel missense variant in the PRKCB gene in a Spanish family with MD segregating low-to-middle frequency SNHL. Confocal imaging showed strong PKCB II protein labelling in non-sensory cells, the tectal cells and inner border cells of the rat organ of Corti with a tonotopic expression gradient. The PKCB II signal was more pronounced in the apical turn of the cochlea when compared with the middle and basal turns. It was also much higher in cochlear tissue than in vestibular tissue. Taken together, our findings identify PRKCB gene as a novel candidate gene for familial MD and its expression gradient in supporting cells of the organ of Corti deserves attention, given the role of supporting cells in K+ recycling within the endolymph, and its apical turn location may explain the onset of hearing loss at low frequencies in MD.

Expanding the genotypic spectrum of Perrault syndrome.

Perrault syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive disorder characterized by sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) in both sexes and primary ovarian insufficiency in 46, XX karyotype females. Biallelic variants in five genes are reported to be causative: HSD17B4, HARS2, LARS2, CLPP and C10orf2. Here we present eight families affected by Perrault syndrome. In five families we identified novel or previously reported variants in HSD17B4, LARS2, CLPP and C10orf2. The proband from each family was whole exome sequenced and variants confirmed by Sanger sequencing. A female was compound heterozygous for a known, p.(Gly16Ser) and novel, p.(Val82Phe) variant in D-bifunctional protein (HSD17B4). A family was homozygous for mitochondrial leucyl aminocyl tRNA synthetase (mtLeuRS) (LARS2) p.(Thr522Asn), previously associated with Perrault syndrome. A further family was compound heterozygous for mtLeuRS, p.(Thr522Asn) and a novel variant, p.(Met117Ile). Affected individuals with LARS2 variants had low frequency SNHL, a feature previously described in Perrault syndrome. A female with significant neurological disability was compound heterozygous for p.(Arg323Gln) and p.(Asn399Ser) variants in Twinkle (C10orf2). A male was homozygous for a novel variant in CLPP, p.(Cys144Arg). In three families there were no putative pathogenic variants in these genes confirming additional disease-causing genes remain unidentified. We have expanded the spectrum of disease-causing variants associated with Perrault syndrome.

Frequency of sensorineural hearing loss in personnel of nuclear shipbuilding and shiprepairing enterprises, working under industrial noise condition

The article provides evaluation of sensorineural hearing loss frequency in personnel of nuclear shipbuilding and shiprepairing enterprises, working under conditions of industrial noise. The article also defines predicted factors for disease development: age, sex, duration of employment and activity type. According to the data of tone audiometry, manifestations of sensorineural hearing loss have been revealed in 43 (39.4%) of 109 examined employees.

Evaluation of non-linear frequency compression hearing aids using speech P1-cortical auditory evoked potential

Objective: To investigate the potential effects of frequency lowering technology on outcome measures of hearing aid efficacy. The detection of mid- and high-frequency syllables in children with sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) fitted with non-linear frequency compression (NLFC) hearing aids was studied using speech P1 cortical auditory evoked potentials (CAEP). Study design: Thirty Arabic speaking children with bilateral high frequency SNH and with a history of regular binaural hearing aid use were included. All children were fitted with binaural Phonak Naida III UP with a NLFC feature. Verification of NLFC was achieved through aided sound field testing and aided speech P1-CAEP recordings. Aided P1-CAEPs were elicited using synthetic speech stimuli ‘da’ and ‘ga’. Fifteen age-matched normal hearing children served as a control group to provide a reference of typically maturing CAEPs without the influence of hearing impairment. Results: NLFC improved aided thresholds in the mid and high frequencies. No statistically significant difference existed between the control and study group in their CAEP responses to the ‘ga’ stimulus in both NLFC-disabled/enabled conditions. The ‘da’ stimulus elicited P1-CAEP in only 27% of the study group with the NLFC disabled condition; this increased to 83% with activation of NLFC. The P1-CAEP latency of the study group was prolonged compared to children of the control group for both stimuli. The presence of P1-CAEP to both ‘ga’ and ‘da’ stimuli was significantly negatively correlated with the age of the child, duration of hearing loss, and duration of hearing aid use. Conclusion: The NLFC significantly improved the audibility of high frequency sounds for children with severe high frequency SNHL. Speech P1-CAEP can be used as an objective validation tool in children to evaluate the benefit from NLFC especially when behavioural aided thresholds are difficult to obtain.

Hearing and neurological impairment in children with history of exchange transfusion for neonatal hyperbilirubinemia.

The objective was to determine frequency of sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL), identified by abnormal threshold in evoked potentials, absence of otoacoustic emissions and behavioral responses, auditory neuropathy (AN) (absence of evoked potentials, with preservation of otoacoustic emissions), and neurological comorbidity in infants with hyperbilirubinemia (HB) treated with exchange-transfusion (ET). From a total of 7,219 infants, ET was performed on 336 (4.6%). Inclusion criteria were fulfilled in 102; 234 children did not meet criteria (182 outside of the study period, 34 did not have complete audiological evaluation, and 18 rejected the followup). Thirty-five children (34%) were born at-term and 67 (66%) were preterm. Children had a mean age of 5.5 ± 3.9 years. Main causes of ET were Rh isoimmunization in 48 (47%), ABO incompatibility in 28 (27.5%), and multifactorial causes in 26 (25.5%). Fifteen (15%) children presented with SNHL. Preterm newborns presented more often with SNHL. Indirect bilirubin level was higher in children with SNHL (22.2 versus 18.7 mg/dL, P = 0.02). No cases of AN were documented. An increased risk of neurologic sequelae was observed in children with SNHL. In conclusion, we disclosed a high frequency of SNHL in children with neonatal HB and ET and neurological alterations. No cases of AN were observed.

Prevalence of occupational noise induced hearing loss in industrial workers

Introduction: Occupational noise induced hearing loss causes sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) in industrial workers who are continuously exposed to high frequency noise due to degeneration in hair cells and associated nerve fibers. Materials and Methods: This study was conducted in 100 industrial male workers, including officials, machinery operators, and helpers. ENT and audiometry examination were done and noise level was measured. The age, noise level, duration of exposure, type of activity, and measurement of hearing loss were co-related. Results: The workers who worked in machinery area were affected more when compared to official and helpers. The age group 36-40 was affected more when compared to other age groups. Conclusions: Chronic exposure to noise is common hazard in industrial workers that affect bilateral cochlea and causes high frequency SNHL with 4 kHz notch. We observed 39% industrial workers who were exposed to noise level >87.3 dBA, for 8-12 h/day in textile and hard strip rolling mills in spite of noise free machine are recommended suffered from SNHL.