Frequency Of Psychiatric Disorders Research Articles

Gifted Children and Psychiatric Disorders: Is the Risk Increased Compared With Their Peers?

This study examined the prevalence and correlates of psychopathology in gifted children (GC) and explored whether giftedness confers protection or risk for mental health problems. We used a comparative design to analyze a population-based sample of 100 GC and 100 controls matched by age and sex in Turkey. We assessed psychiatric diagnoses with the Development and Well-Being Assessment (DAWBA), a valid diagnostic tool for child and adolescent mental health, and measured resilience and temperament with standardized scales. GC and controls did not differ significantly in the frequency of psychiatric disorders. However, GC showed lower resilience and higher negative reactivity and activity than controls. Negative reactivity was a significant predictor of psychopathology in GC. Sex did not moderate the effects of giftedness on mental health outcomes, resilience, or temperament. Our findings suggest that GC may have increased vulnerability to stress and reduced coping skills. We highlight the need to identify and support GCs who experience mental health problems and face psychological challenges. Our results emphasize the importance of early intervention and prevention to enhance resilience and well-being in this population. Future research should investigate the underlying mechanisms and develop tailored strategies to support the mental health and well-being of GC.

Frequency Of Psychiatric Illnesses And Opinion/Vantage Of Patients Attending Neurology Out-Patient Department.

To determine the Frequency of psychiatric illnesses in patients with neurological conditions, and to take their opinion about psychiatric disorders. The cross-sectional study was conducted from June 1 to August 30, 2021, at the Neurology Outpatient Department of Allied Hospital, Faisalabad, Pakistan, and comprised patients of either gender aged 12-70 years from among those visiting the outpatient clinic. Data was collected through interviews and the 41-item Depression Anxiety Stress Scale. Data was analysed using SPSS 21. Of the 201 patients, 160(79.6%) were females and 41(20.4%) were males. The overall mean age was 34.5+/- 9.38 years. Primary neurological problem was headache 119(59.2%). Overall, 155(77.2%) patients met the criteria of psychiatric disorders; 55(27.4%) anxiety, 37(19.4%) had depressive disorder, 42(20.8%) mixed anxiety depressive disorder, and 19(9.5%) had other psychiatric illnesses. Also, 101(50.2%) patients lacked awareness about psychiatry illnesses, 35(17.4%) had fear of stigma, and 28(13.9%) had misconceptions. The frequency of psychiatric disorders among those visiting the neurology outpatient department was high, and was associated with negative views about such illnesses.

Frequency of Psychiatric Disorders in Adult Patients Hospitalized With Marital Problems.

Frequency of Psychiatric Disorders in Adult Patients Hospitalized With Marital Problems.

Aspects of Psychiatric Comorbidities in Breast Cancer Patients in Tertiary Hospitals Due to COVID-19 Outbreak in South Korea: A Single Center Longitudinal Cohort Study.

Background and Objectives: This study aimed to analyze the prevalence of mental disorders in patients with breast cancer at Ajou University Hospital. In addition, the patterns and prevalence of mental disorders according to the occurrence of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) were analyzed. Materials and Methods: From 1 January 2008 to 30 June 2021, psychiatric disorders were identified in 5174 female patients diagnosed with breast cancer at Ajou University Hospital. Based on the time when COVID-19 occurred, the pattern of onset of mental disorders in patients with breast cancer was analyzed. In addition, the prevalence of mental disorders according to the time of breast cancer diagnosis and age was evaluated. Results: A year before the diagnosis of breast cancer, 371 patients were diagnosed with a mental disorder. Of these, 201 patients were diagnosed with stress and adjustment disorders, and 97 patients had anxiety disorders. The overall frequency of psychiatric disorders after breast cancer diagnosis peaked two months later. Among psychiatric disorders reported before the COVID-19 pandemic, the proportion of stress/adaptation disorders was 52%, and among psychiatric disorders reported after the pandemic, it was significantly higher at 94.7%. Anxiety was found to be high in the elderly group aged ≥ 60 years, and the prevalence of stress and adjustment disorders tended to increase in the non-elderly group. Conclusions: Breast cancer patients showed different patterns of psychiatric disorders according to age, time of breast cancer diagnosis, and the occurrence of COVID-19. Owing to the COVID-19 pandemic, delays in treatment and anxiety about infection have increased the rate of stress and adjustment disorders in cancer patients. Mental health management during the pandemic and after cancer diagnosis can improve the quality of life of patients with cancer.

Post-traumatic headache after mild traumatic brain injury in a one-year follow up study \u2013 risk factors and return to work

BackgroundPost-traumatic headache (PTH) is a common symptom following mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI). Patients at risk to develop acute PTH (aPTH) and further persistent PTH (pPTH) need to be recognized.MethodsThis is a one-year follow-up of 127 patients with mTBI, aged 18 to 68, referred to outpatient clinic in the Helsinki University Hospital. Symptoms were assessed at the emergency department (ED), with structured interview at outpatient clinic visit and with Rivermead post-concussion symptom questionnaire at one, three, and 12 months after injury. Psychiatric disorders were assessed with Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis I disorders at 3-4 months and return to work (RTW) from patient records.ResultsAt one month, 77/127 patients (61%) had aPTH. According to multiple logistic regression analysis, risk factors for aPTH were headache at the emergency department (ED) (OR 5.43), other pain (OR 3.19), insomnia (OR 3.23), and vertigo (OR 5.98). At three months, 17 patients (22% of aPTH patients) had developed pPTH, and at one year, 4 patients (24% of pPTH patients) still presented with pPTH. Risk factors for pPTH at three months were older age (OR 1.06) and current insomnia (OR 12.3). The frequency of psychiatric disorders did not differ between the groups. pPTH patients performed worse on their RTW.ConclusionsRisk factors for aPTH were insomnia, headache at ED, other pain, and vertigo and for pPTH, insomnia and older age. RTW rate was lower among pPTH patients.

DSM 5 Lifetime Psychiatric Diagnoses in Two Bariatric Surgery Programs

Patients presenting for bariatric surgery have been shown to have high rates of psychiatric disorders. These studies have utilized structured interviews using older versions of the DSM. This study examined whether similar lifetime frequencies would be similar using the recent DSM-5. Participants (N = 131) were evaluated as part of a longitudinal study examining post-operative weight loss at two sites. Participants were administered the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-5 (SCID5) pre-surgically. Lifetime estimates using the SCID5 were compared to the range and mean of 3 prior US studies and 2 international studies using the DSM-IV. Overall, frequency of psychiatric disorders was similar or lower than prior studies. Changes to diagnostic criteria may explain differences although future studies are needed to better characterize this population.

Association of traumatic events with levels of psychological distress and depressive symptoms in male asylum seekers and refugees resettled in Italy

BackgroundIn recent years there has been a progressive rise in the number of asylum seekers and refugees displaced from their country of origin, with significant social, economic, public health and mental health implications. The aim of this study is to (1) describe the level of psychological distress and frequency of psychiatric disorders in a sample of male asylum seekers and refugees across different ethnic groups resettled in Italy; (2) establish whether the number of traumatic events experienced before, during and after the migration process is associated with level of psychological distress and depressive symptoms.MethodsIn two large Italian catchment areas, over a period of 1 year a consecutive series of male asylum seekers and refugees, aged 18 or above and included in the Italian protection system, were screened for psychological distress and psychiatric disorders using validated questionnaires.ResultsDuring the study period, 252 male asylum seekers or refugees were recruited. More than one-third of the participants (34.5%) showed clinically relevant psychological distress, and one-fourth (22.2%), met the criteria for a psychiatric diagnosis, mainly Post Traumatic Stress Disorder and depressive disorders. The number of traumatic events turned out to be a risk factor for both clinically relevant psychological distress and depressive disorders. Receiving good social support emerged as a protective factor, while migrants with unclear status were at higher risk of psychological distress than those holding or awaiting a permission.DiscussionIn an unselected sample of male asylum seekers and refugees, after around 1 year of resettlement in Italy, the frequency of psychological distress and psychiatric disorders was substantial and clinically relevant. The association between traumatic events, especially post-migration problems, and mental health conditions suggests the need of developing services to assist refugees and asylum seekers to address the multi-faceted problems they experience, such as social support in host country, legal problems concerning permit status and asylum procedure, and family reunification, as well as addressing trauma and mental health issues.

Women health: Psychological and most prominent somatic problems in 3-year follow-up in Bosnian refugees.

Little is known about gender differences among people exposed to war related trauma. Aim of this study is to explore gender differences in health status and comorbidity of mental and physical disorders in a cohort of Bosnian refugees followed up for 3 years (1996-1999). This longitudinal study included 534 subjects followed up for 3 years. The interviews were conducted in refugee camps in Varaždin, Croatia in Bosnian language. Data were collected using Harvard Trauma Questionnaire (Bosnian version) and Hopkins Checklist-25, respectively. Physical health disorders were self-reported. In both assessments there was a statistically significant difference between men and women in the number of physical health disorders, even when results were controlled for educational status. Although there was no difference in total number of symptoms in both assessments (F = 0.32; df = 1; p > 0.05 and F = 1.15; df = 1; p > 0.05), important physical health disorders were significantly more frequent among women than in men in different educational groups, namely high blood pressure and cardiovascular diseases, arthritis, and anaemia. Asthma, tuberculosis, cirrhosis of the liver, ulcer and epilepsy were more frequent in men than in women. There were no differences in frequencies of psychiatric disorders at baseline, but frequency of psychiatric disorders in women was higher at endpoint for uneducated respondents. There was significant difference compared to men in group of respondents without formal education, but only in comorbidity of PTSD and depression which was more often present in females (22.1%) than in males (3.6%). Our findings indicate the importance of gender and education on mental and physical health of people exposed to warrelated trauma. Long term health monitoring and programs, especially related to women's health are needed in order to avoid lasting consequences.

Psychiatric morbidity, somatic comorbidity and substance use in an adolescent psychiatric population at 3-year follow-up

Knowledge is scarce on the course of psychiatric disorders in adolescence. We aimed to assess changes in the frequency of psychiatric disorders, somatic disorders, pain, and substance use in a clinical psychiatric cohort from adolescence to young adulthood. This study is part of the Health Survey in Department of Children and Youth, St. Olavs Hospital, Norway. At age 13–18 years, 717 (43.5% of eligible) participated in the first study visit (T1) in 2009–2011, 549 were reassessed 3 years later with telephone interview (T2), and 464 had diagnostic evaluation at both time points. Data included: ICD-10 diagnoses (T1), DSM-IV diagnoses (T2), self-reported pain and substance use (T1 and T2). The overall rate of psychiatric disorders decreased (T1 vs. T2: 94.8% vs. 72.2%, p < 0.001); while, an increased rate of anxiety disorders was marked among girls (37.5% vs. 55.9%, p < 0.001), with accompanying raised frequencies of psychiatric comorbidity (14.1% vs. 42.6%, p < 0.001), somatic comorbidity (9.4% vs. 19.5%, p = 0.001), chronic pain (31.6% vs. 49.4%, p < 0.001), smoking, alcohol use and trying illicit drugs. Chronic pain, smoking and trying illicit drugs were associated with persisting psychiatric disorders, with highest risk differences for girls (RD = 25.4%, p = 0.002, RD = 15.6%, p = 0.008, RD = 18.0%, p = 0.001, respectively). Three out of four adolescents still had a psychiatric disorder after 3 years. Unlike boys, girls had an increasing rate of anxiety disorders and comorbidities. Chronic pain, smoking and trying illicit drugs were associated with persisting psychiatric disorders. Despite methodological limitations, these findings emphasize the importance of early targeted intervention for adolescents with psychiatric disorders.

Ayaktan Tedavi Gören Yaşlı Hastalarda Psikiyatrik Bozukluk Dağılımının Değerlendirilmesi: Zor Bir Hasta Grubu

Objective: The elderly population is progressively enhancing, and this increase is expected to be more evident in the near future. As the elderly population grows, there will be an increasing need for health services, following in rapidly rising medical, psychiatric, and social healthcare issues. The aim of the current investigation is to define the prevalence of the psychiatric disorder, including gender-based differences, demographic characteristics, and dispersion within all elderly age groups, among patients applying the general psychiatry outpatient clinic.Material and Methods: This is a prospective study for the elderly (≥65 years) patients who applied the general psychiatry outpatient clinic of our university hospital between April 2018 and July 2018. Axis I diagnose was made according to DSM-5 criteria. Patients’ demographic characteristics were recorded.Results: The number of patients who visited the general psychiatry outpatient clinic was 1950, and the geropsychiatric patients (≥65 years) constituted 10.4% (n=203) of the total patients. The female/male ratio was 1.44 (n=120/83). The most common psychiatric disorder was major depressive disorder (38.40%). Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD, 18.70%), adjustment disorder (AD, 9.30%), schizophrenia (7.30%) followed as the most common disorders in the geropsychiatric patient group. GAD was statistically significantly higher in females (X2=6.83, p=0.008) and the AD was statistically significantly higher in males (X2=10.38, p=0.002). Conclusion: Determining the frequency of psychiatric disorders in elderly patients and addressing the differences between genders is important for developing treatment strategies.

Evaluation of comorbid psychiatric disorders in patients with primary brain tumors before and after surgery

BackgroundA range of psychiatric disorders are associated with brain tumors. The aim of this study was to assess the frequency of psychiatric disorders in adults with primary brain tumors before and after surgery. MethodsThe study was conducted on 120 adult patients diagnosed with primary brain tumors (age ≥18 years). Patients with recent diagnosis (less than 6 months) who were hospitalized in Imam Reza Hospital of Tabriz between December 2016 and November 2017 were included. The diagnostic interview was performed based on DSM-IV criteria using a semi-structured interview with SCID-I before and one month after surgery. The frequency of psychiatric disorders in patients was then compared pre- and post-operation. ResultsPre-surgical studies revealed that 26.66 % of patients with primary brain tumors had symptoms of psychiatric disorders. The most prevalent disorders found in patients were depressive disorders (13.07 %), adjustment disorder (9/15 %) and anxiety disorders (5.88 %).Post-surgical evaluations indicated that the frequency of psychiatric disorders was reduced to 22.5 %. However, there was no significant difference between pre- and post-surgical outcomes. Among patients with psychiatric disorders, the most common location of brain tumors was frontal lobe and the most common pathology was meningioma. Further analysis also revealed that tumor location and pathology was not associated with the incidence and type of psychiatric disorders. ConclusionIn adults with primary brain tumors, the most common psychiatric disorder was depressive disorder.

Frequency of psychiatric disorders in nonemergent admissions to emergency department.

Repeated admissions of patients with undiagnosed psychiatric problems in emergency departments (ED) is a major contributor to patient unsatisfaction and overcrowding in EDs. We evaluated the presence of psychiatric disorders in non-emergent admissions in the ED of a tertiary care hospital. This cross-sectional study was carried out in Eskisehir Osmangazi University Hospital between December 2015 and March 2016. The study group consists of 4320 non-emergent patients (31% of all admissions to non-emergent ED). Psychiatric assessments of patients were done using the Primary Care Evaluation of Mental Disorders (PRIME-MD) scale prior to their discharge from the ED. The Mann-Whitney U, Kruskal-Wallis and Chi-square tests, as well as multivariate logistic regression, were performed for statistical analysis. The mean age was 30 ± 11.7 years years ranging from 18 to 78 years. Among non-emergent cases, 44% had at least one psychiatric disorder. The most frequent psychiatric disorder was mood disorder (major and minor depression). Females with a comorbid disease and lower education level had increased risk for mood disorders, anxiety disorders, and somatoform disorders. Single males with a comorbid disease had increased risk for alcohol dependence. Undiagnosed patients with psychiatric disorders appear to be frequent users of medical emergency department services. These results might be helpful in developing more effective strategies to serve the mental health needs of the undiagnosed. People's awareness of psychiatric disorders should be increased.

Psychiatric disorders and trauma history in patients with pure PNES and patients with PNES and coexisting epilepsy

Several studies found high prevalence rates of psychiatric disorders in patients with pure psychogenic nonepileptic seizures (PNES). Traumatic experiences were also reported to be elevated in patients with PNES and were discussed as a crucial risk factor for the development of PNES. Much less is known about psychiatric comorbidities and specifically, about trauma history in patients with PNES and coexisting epilepsy. Here, we aimed at directly comparing psychiatric disorders and traumatic life experiences in patients with pure PNES and in patients with PNES and coexisting epilepsy.We assessed the presence of current axes I and II disorders in 109 patients with either pure PNES (n = 67) or with PNES + epilepsy (n = 42) by using structured clinical interviews. We also compared the trauma histories by using the posttraumatic diagnostic scale (PDS) as an interview and the extent of physical, sexual, and emotional childhood maltreatment measured with the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ).Patients of both groups had very high rates of psychiatric disorders: 79.1% of the patients with pure PNES and 76.2% of the patients with PNES + epilepsy had at least one psychiatric disorder. The frequencies of psychiatric disorders did not differ between groups. However, there was a trend towards higher rates of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in patients with PNES (32.9%) compared with patients with PNES + epilepsy (16.7%). In both groups, the proportion of patients who recalled traumatic events in the PDS was high (72.6% in the patients with pure PNES, 64.3% in the patients with PNES + epilepsy) and did not differ significantly between groups. The age at first traumatization, the types of trauma events experienced, the number of patients with single traumatization, and those with repeated traumatic experiences also did not differ between groups. We found high frequencies of childhood maltreatment in both groups.Our findings show that patients with PNES and patients with PNES and coexisting epilepsy could neither be differentiated by the amount of psychiatric additional disorders nor by the nature and extent of trauma and maltreatment experiences. Our results suggest that patients with PNES + epilepsy rather resemble patients with pure PNES than patients with epilepsy in respect to psychopathological characteristics and adverse life experiences. Trauma and maltreatment history are therefore assumed to be predisposing factors to PNES in both patients with pure PNES and patients with PNES and coexisting epilepsy.

Suicide Attempts in Michigan HealthCare System; Racial Differences.

Background. Community-based studies have documented racial differences in social, psychiatric, and medical determinants of suicidal ideation; however, less is known about racial differences in the profile of suicide attempts in clinical settings. Aim. The current study aimed to compare Blacks and Whites who attempted suicide for demographic factors, socioeconomic status, medical history, psychiatric disorders, and outcomes. Methods. This retrospective study was a retrospective chart review of DataDirect, which is an electronic data repository of the Michigan Health Care System, 2014 to 2017. This analysis included 6147 suicide attempts (5388 Whites and 759 Blacks). Race, sociodemographic factors, medical history, psychiatric disorders, and outcomes were measured. Results. Blacks and Whites with suicide attempt did not differ in age or gender, but varied by insurance type. Blacks were more commonly under Medicare and Medicaid, while Whites were more commonly under private insurance or self-pay (p < 0.05). Blacks with suicide attempt were more likely to be obese, while Whites with suicide attempt were more likely to be underweight. Frequency of psychiatric disorders, including depression, alcohol abuse, drug abuse, and psychosis, were not different between Whites and Blacks with suicide attempt; however, medical conditions showed a different profile across racial groups. When compared to Whites, Blacks had higher prevalence of uncomplicated hypertension, renal failure, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, coagulopathy, and obesity (p < 0.05 for all comparisons). In contrast, Whites had higher prevalence of other neurological disorders than Blacks. There were no differences in in-patient survival rate between Whites and Blacks who attempted suicide. Conclusion. There are considerable differences between Blacks and Whites with at least one suicide attempt. Although their psychiatric diagnoses seem to be similar, Blacks who have attempted suicide attempt have more medical comorbidities than their White counterparts. Lack of racial disparities in in-patient mortality rate of suicide attempts in the Michigan Health Care System is promising news given the higher physical health needs of Blacks when compared to Whites.

The association between HIV clinical disease severity and psychiatric disorders as seen in Western Romania

ABSTRACTHIV disease continues to be a serious health issue all over the world. By the end of 2016, 36.7 million people were living with HIV, 1.8 million people became newly infected and 1 million died of HIV-related causes/diseases. In order to develop effective treatment strategies, is important to assess the risk factors that affect negatively the HIV-positive patients. HIV-infected patients are at high risk of developing psychiatric disorders in every stage of the illness. Psychiatric disorders can negatively influence the treatment adherence, induce risk behavior and influence the quality of life. The purpose of this study is to determine if the severity of HIV disease is associated with increased frequency of psychiatric disorders. We evaluated 101 HIV-positive patients receiving antiretroviral therapy in Western Romania via Psychiatric Diagnostic Screening Questionnaire (PDSQ). We conducted a risk analysis in order to see if the patients have a higher risk of developing psychiatric disorders depending on HIV serostatus factor (HIV asymptomatic, symptomatic, AIDS converted). Our study shows that, the patients having AIDS and symptomatic HIV have a higher prevalence for the most common psychiatric disorders: major depressive disorder (OR = 5.81;p < 0.001), panic disorder (OR = 3.11; p = 0.016), agoraphobia (OR = 4.31; p = 0.024), social phobia (OR = 2.81; p = 0.038), generalized anxiety disorder (OR = 4.79; p = 0.006), somatization (OR = 8.72; p < 0.0010) and hypochondria (OR = 4.66; p = 0.0013). Symptomatic HIV and AIDS converted serostatus is also a risk factor for post-traumatic stress disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder and psychosis. The main conclusion of this study is that the more severe HIV clinical disease was associated with increased frequency of psychiatric disorders. As a consequence, we conclude that psychiatric disorders and HIV/AIDS treatment should be addressed simultaneously, depending on the risk specific factors such as the HIV infection stage and, due to psychiatric repercussions of HIV is expected to become more relevant in the coming years.

Frequency of Psychiatric Disorders in Drug Addicts and Non-addicts: A Case-Control Study

Frequency of Psychiatric Disorders in Drug Addicts and Non-addicts: A Case-Control Study

Psychiatric disorders and family functioning in mothers of children admitting to the child psychiatry clinic with temper tantrum

Objective: The aim of this study is to investigate the family functioning and frequency of psychiatric disorders in mothers of pre-school children (between ages 2 and 6) who referred to child and adolescent psychiatry outpatient clinic for anger, mischievousness, unruliness, temper tantrum complaints and who were not diagnosed any psychiatric disorder. Methods: Sixty-two children aged between 2 and 6 years and their mothers were included in the study. The control group consisted of 55 mothers of children who were not admitted to psychiatry clinic and without any psychiatric disorders. Diagnostic interviews of the parents were conducted with Structured Clinical Interview for Axis-I Disorders (SCID-I). Family functioning was evaluated with McMaster Family Assessment Device. Results: The frequency of psychopathology was higher in the mothers of children referred to child psychiatry outpatient clinic with anger, mischievousness, unruliness, and temper tantrum complaints than the controls. At least one psychiatric disorder was diagnosed in 51.6% of mothers of study group, meanwhile this ratio was 26.8% in the control group. More frequent psychiatric disorders were major depressive disorder (27.4%), generalized anxiety disorder (19.4%), and obsessive compulsive disorder (17.7%). Similarly, family functioning perceived by mothers in the study group was poorer than the controls. Conclusion: The results of this study suggested that half of the mothers who brought their children for the behavioral problems to the outpatient clinic were suffering from a psychiatric disorder. The mothers of children, who referred to the child psychiatry outpatient clinic with these complaints, need to be screened for psychiatric symptoms and guide for a psychiatric assistance if necessary.

Frequency of Psychiatric Disorders in Children of Opioid or Methamphetamine-Dependent Patients.

Addiction is one of the main problems of human societies, which is more common in developing countries. In addition, it causes to personal and social problems and family problem. The aim of this study was to examine the prevalence of psychiatric disorders in children 5-15 years old of opioid or methamphetamine dependence patients. For this study, three groups including: (1) children of parents addicted to opium, (2) children of parents addicted to methamphetamine, and (3) control group were examined. Child symptom inventory-4 (CSI-4) questionnaires completed by non-hospitalized guardian and control group; then make interviews with the children by the Kiddie-schedule for affective disorders and schizophrenia (K-SADS). Data were analyzed by chi-square test and ANOVA. Survey showed that the frequency of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), major depressive disorder (MDD), generalized anxiety disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder, specific phobia (SP), and separation anxiety disorder in children of addicted parents were more than a non-addicted parent. However, there was no significant difference between the two groups in the frequency of conduct disorder, social phobia, and oppositional defiant disorders (ODDs). Parental addiction can lead to an increase in some psychiatric disorders in the children. Therefore follow-up, early diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of these disorders in children of the drug-dependent parent are necessary to reduce health costs and improve the health system.

English

BACKGROUND: Behavioral problems in children are one of the most common and rising problems in India. The studies of behavioral problems in children would give us data for mental health planning for children. We can identify children at risk and preventive intervention can be made at the earliest. AIMS: Aim of this study is to determine the proportion of various behavioral problems in children of age 5 to 15 years. Objectives of this study are to find the relationship between behavioral problems and socio-demographic variables and to determine the frequencies of internalizing, externalizing and other behavioral problems. SETTINGS AND DESIGN: In this cross sectional study, 400 children in the age group of 5-15 years from the pediatrics department of a tertiary care hospital were selected. METHODS AND MATERIALS: Child Behavior Check List (CBCL) was used to measure the magnitude of problem behaviors. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS USED: Descriptive statistics, Chi-square test/Fishers exact test. RESULTS: The sample included 400 children and out of them 22% had behavioral problems. Out of them 4% of children had internalizing problems, 9.75% had externalizing problems and 8.25% had other problems (Social and attention). Regarding the frequency of psychiatric disorders, conduct disorder was the most common problem (2.75%). Externalizing problems were prevalent in males while internalizing problems were prevalent in females. There is a significant association between parent's (Deceased/Alive) status, their marital status, family history of psychiatric illness and the development of behavioral problems in children. CONCLUSION: Therefore identifying the children with behavioral problem in young age and treating them would go a long way in preventing psychiatric morbidity later life. The need for such study is very much warranted in developing countries like India where such information is limited and this study would go on to augment existing data.

The Frequency of Psychiatric Disorders Leading to Disability in Young Adult Males

Objective: Mental diseases are vital community health problems because they are common in public, and have negative social reflection and result in a disability. Methods: This cross-sectional study has been conducted by reviewing health reports of 1.777.500 people applying for military service examination in Turkish Armed Forces between 2009 and 2011. Results: Prevalence of psychiatric diseases leading to disability has been detected as 9.4 per thousand in 2009, 10.7 per thousand in 2010 and 10.0 per thousand in 2011. Mental retardation and schizophrenia prevalence have been detected as 6.4/1.6 per thousand in 2009, 7.2/1.7 per thousand in 2010, 7.1/1.3 per thousand in 2011. As a result of our study, it has been seen that mental retardation prevalence is parallel to world’s average, and prevalence of psychotic disorders is a bit lower because study group is young. Conclusion: Supporting this study with community based studies to be carried out in different populations proves benefit for policies to be improved in social and health area.