Frequency Of Participation In Physical Activity Research Articles

The introduction of a minimum wage in Germany and the effects on physical activity participation

The relationship between income and physical activity has been extensively studied. This paper utilizes the introduction of the minimum wage in Germany in 2015 as a quasi-experiment to determine the causal effect of minimum wages on the frequency of physical activity participation. Employing survey data from the German Socio-Economic Panel between 2013 and 2017, regression-adjusted difference-in-difference models combined with matching techniques are estimated. Our findings reveal a notable negative effect immediately after the minimum wage implementation on physical activity frequency. Given that the introduction of the minimum wage did not increase monthly gross income but reduced working hours, it appears that affected individuals exhibit preferences and engage in utility maximization that do not emphasize healthy behaviors. This effect is particularly pronounced among older females in white-collar occupations.

What explains the well-being benefits of physical activity? A mixed-methods analysis of the roles of participation frequency and social identification

ObjectivePhysical activity in a social setting is said to be associated with well-being because it provides opportunities for participants to form social relationships. However, there are inconsistent findings regarding the well-being benefits of participating in physical activity with others. To address this inconclusive evidence, we draw on the social identity approach to health and well-being to examine whether (a) the frequency of physical activity participation in a social setting and (b) the degree of social identification associated with it, have different relationships with participants’ well-being. MethodsWe implemented a two-phase, mixed-methods design with members of women's only fitness clubs in Japan. In Study 1, we collected survey responses about social identification, life satisfaction, and eudaimonic well-being from 1118 members. The survey data were combined with respondents' objective participation data from a membership database. In Study 2, we interviewed a sample of club members to understand how the nature of social relationships differed depending on the degree of their social identification. ResultsStudy 1 found that social identification with a fitness club, but not the frequency of attending the club for physical activity, was positively associated with members’ well-being. Study 2 revealed that members with high social identification experienced more affective relationships with other members than those with medium or low identification. ConclusionsOur research provides quantitative and qualitative evidence supporting the association between social identification and the well-being benefits of physical activity in a social setting. It confirms the predictions of the social identity approach to health and well-being, demonstrating that people enjoy well-being benefits from physical activity participation when it is internalized as a meaningful definition of self.

Active or Passive Aging? Analysis of Selected Socioeconomic Factors in the Polish Population.

The aim of this study was to identify the factors that determined the participation of people aged 60 years and older in physical activity (PA) at least once or more frequently in the year before the survey. The analysis included sociodemographic variables, any certificate of disability, level of physical fitness, and declared sports skills. The study used data from the "Participation of Poles in Sports and Physical Recreation in 2012" survey (designed and conducted by Statistics Poland). Questionnaires from 2724 people qualified for analysis. An analysis of frequency and odds ratio (followed by logistic regression analysis) was used to evaluate the determinants of participation of older adults in PA. Participation in PA was declared by 23.7%, most often by older adults aged 60-64 years (chi2 = 67.72; p < 0.001). With age, the likelihood of participation in PA declined until the age of 75, when the percentage of active participants increased to 27.4%. Of the variables analyzed (logistic regression model), only very good (p < 0.001) and good (p = 0.002) levels of self-rated physical fitness, secondary (p = 0.014) or tertiary (p = 0.003) education, and a higher number of declared sports skills (p < 0.001) had a favorable effect on the frequency of participation in PA. The low PA of Poles aged 60 years and over (especially those entering retirement age) requires social intervention. Instead of focusing sports policy on increasing the number of participants, it seems more reasonable to focus on individuals living in rural areas with lower socio-professional status and physical fitness. It is necessary to use an individual approach (according to abilities, skill level, and needs) and create systems of interrelations that would provide older adults with support (including the use of social resources).

Can Assessing Physical Activity Liking Identify Opportunities to Promote Physical Activity Engagement and Healthy Dietary Behaviors?

Improving our understanding of what physical activities are enjoyed and the factors that are associated with physical activity liking can promote participation in regular physical activity. We aimed to study physical activity (PA) liking in college women by modelling interactions between body size perception and dietary behaviors on PA liking, and by examining discrepancies between PA liking versus engagement on body size perception and dietary behaviors. Women (n = 251; 74% white) utilized an online survey to report their level of liking for PA types (scored into a PA liking index) and frequency of PA participation. They also reported their perceived body size, level of dietary restraint, and frequency of consuming foods (scored into a diet quality index). In multivariate analyses, a greater perceived body size was directly associated with lower PA liking and indirectly through greater dietary restraint but lower diet quality. Healthiest dietary behaviors were reported by women who both liked and engaged in PA. Women who reported high PA liking but low PA participation reported a higher dietary restraint and lower diet quality. These findings support the empowerment of women across all body sizes to identify physical activities that they enjoy. Health promotion efforts should encourage women to couple physical activity liking and engagement with a healthy level of dietary restraint and consumption of a healthy diet.

The Factors That Has an Effect on the Attendance and Location Choice of The Visitors to the Parks and Recreations Centers for Physical Activities

This study focused on studying parameters related to physical activities of users of parks and recreation areas. The study population was consisted of those participants who visited park and recreation areas in Ankara Province while the study sample was consisted of 289 voluntary participants. 123 participants were male participants and 166 participants were female participants. In the study; "Physical Activity Venue Evaluation Scale” which was developed by Stanis et al. (2009) and Turkish adaptation study of which was conducted by Gümüş et al. (2015) was used as data collection tool. To analyze the data found in the study; descriptive statistical methods (percentages/frequency), t-Test for pairwise comparisons, one-way analysis of variance for determining the differences among two or more independent groups and Post-Hoc Bonferroni Test were employed. It was identified that the participants’ physical activity venue evaluation scale scores did not differ statistically in terms of such variables as gender, educational status, marital status and body mass index. However, it was found that there was a statistically significant difference in the scores of physical activity venue evaluation scale, choice of physical activity space on behalf of those who did not perform physical activities regularly in terms of variable of performing physical activities regularly. Also; a statistically significant difference was found in the scores of physical activity location selection, factors preventing physical activity participation on behalf of those aged 42-53 years in terms of age variable. As a result of the study; it may be suggested that variables of gender, educational status, marital status and body mass index did not affect choosing physical activity space and physical activity participation whereas variable of doing sports regularly affected choosing physical activity space and age variable affected frequency of physical activity participation.

Examining Associations Between Physical Activity and Academic Performance in a Large Sample of Ontario Students: The Role of Inattention and Hyperactivity.

Participation in physical activity (PA) is a modifiable factor that contributes to academic success, yet the optimal dose (ie,frequency) and mechanisms underlying the effect require further exploration. Using data from 19,886 elementary and 11,238 secondary school students across Ontario, Canada, this study examined associations between PA participation frequency, academic achievement, and inattention and hyperactivity. Among elementary students, there was a positive association between PA frequency and academic achievement. Participating in 1 to 2 days per week of PA related to higher academic achievement compared with no days, whereas 7 days per week had the largest associations. For secondary students, a minimum of 3 to 4 days per week was associated with higher academic achievement with no significant benefit of additional days. Indirect effects of inattention and hyperactivity were found for both groups, suggesting that the benefits of PA on academic achievement may be partly explained by reductions in inattention and hyperactivity, especially for secondary school students. Students may experience academic benefits from PA even if they are not meeting the guidelines of exercising daily. These benefits may occur, in part, through reductions in inattention and hyperactivity. Further work is needed to determine the temporality and mechanism of these associations.

The economic and social determinants of participation in physical activity in Brazil

ABSTRACTThis paper examines the economic and social factors that influence the frequency of participation in physical activity in Brazil. Employing a modified allocation of time framework, we use data sourced from the 2015 Brazilian National Household Sample Survey to analyse the frequency of participation in physical activity for men and women between the age of 18 and 64. Using a conventional ordered logistic regression model, our results suggest that several economic and social factors influence the frequency of physical activity participation in Brazil. For instance, we find that household income has a very small but positive effect on the frequency of participation in physical activity while, in contrast, full-time employment and caring for dependent children have a larger negative for both men and women. Thus, social policies designed to make physical activity more convenient in the workforce may help to facilitate more frequent participation in physical activity.

Impact Of Physical Activity Participation On Waist-to-hip Ratio: A Propensity Score Analysis

PURPOSE: To examine the impact of physical activity (PA) participation on college students’ WHR using the propensity score analysis. METHOD: A total of 1,144 college students (Male = 53.8%) from a major Chinese university were recruited for the study and their waist circumference (WC) and hip circumferences (HC) were measured, and WHR were computed. In addition, their daily time spent on the internet (ITT), their PA participation frequency per week (PAFW), time spent on PA each time (PATE) and time spent on PA per week (PATW) were collected through a survey. Using the propensity score analysis, in which sex, age, ITT, PATE, PAFW and PATW were used as the matching variables so that the impact of PA participation on WHR can be independently examined. RESULTS: The descriptive statistics of key variables measures are summarized as below:Variables Mean SDUsing the ACSM 3-time per week recommendation as a criterion, 439 of 703 college students were extracted as the high frequent PA participation (HFPA) group and the rest as the low frequent PA participation (LFPA) group, and their group difference in WHR was computed and compared: LFPA (M±SD) 0.834±0.048 HFPA (M±SD) 0.758±0.056 Mean Difference 0.081 Effect size 0.642 p-value <0.001 t-value 24.347 Coefficients 0.779 CONCLUSION: After using the propensity-score matching, the impact of the frequency of PA participation became very significant (ES = .64 and p<0.001), which indicates regular PA participation is the key for college students’ weight control and management.

Does physical activity differ between youth with and without intellectual disabilities?

BackgroundChildren and youth with intellectual disabilities (ID) are known to face obstacles to physical activity participation, yet the activity patterns of this population are not well characterized.Objective/Hypothesis: In this study, time spent in moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA), type, and frequency of participation in physical activities were assessed in youth with ID and in a comparison group of typically developing (TD) youth. MethodsWeekly participation in MVPA in 38 youth with ID and 60 TD youth was assessed via accelerometry. Participants were also administered an interview about the frequency and type of physical activities they engaged in over the past year. ResultsAfter adjusting for age and sex, youth with ID spent significantly less time in MVPA (33.5 vs. 46.5 min/day, p = 0.03) and were less likely to meet the US Physical Activity Guidelines than TD youth (6% vs. 29%, p = 0.01). Although time in MVPA was lower in youth with ID, females with ID participated in physical activities more frequently than TD females (47.1 vs. 28.2 times/month, p = 0.008) and also reported engaging in a greater variety of physical activities (7.8 vs. 5.2 activities/year, p = 0.01). No differences between males in the frequency of physical activity participation or the number of activities performed were observed. Both groups reported walking/hiking and active video as top activities. ConclusionsFindings emphasize the need for targeted efforts to increase MVPA in youth with ID.

신체활동참여자의 건강증진행위와 웰빙문화가 삶의 질에 미치는 영향

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of health promoting behaviors of those who participate in physical activities and the impact of well-being culture on the quality of life. The subjects of this study were 146 men and 214 women over 20 years old living in D metropolitan city. A total of 360 people were sampled. In order to solve the research problem, we conducted exploratory factor analysis and correlation analysis using SPSS Ver20.0 statistical program, followed by one-way ANOVA, t-test and multiple regression analysis. The following conclusions are obtained. First, according to gender, the participants of physical activity shows that men are higher than women in exercise management, physical health, living environment and social relations, while women are higher than men in well-being consumption, well-being body and well-being power. While the age, exercise management and diet management are the highest in the 40s, well-being consumption is high in the 20s and 40s, and wellbeing power is high in the 50s. As for physical health, living environment and social relations, 60s are high. In case of income, people with 2–3 million won are high in well-being power. In the diet management, people with more than 5 million won income are high. Therefore, it can be seen that the sex, age, education level and income level set in this study are closely related to the health promotion activities, well-being culture and quality of life for the physical activity participants. Second, physical activity participants according to physical activity participation show high training type in exercise management according to physical activity type. And rhythm type are high in diet management. In well-being consumption, the rhythm type is high. In well-being power, outdoor type, rhythm type and training type are high. In living environment, competition type and training type are high. In case of well-being consumption, the people with less experience in participating is higher than the people with more experience. In frequency of participation, the people with more frequency of physical activity participation in exercise management, diet management, physical health and living environment is higher than the ones with less participation. In case of well-being consumption, the people with less frequency of participation are higher than those with more participation frequency. In time of participation and in well-being consumption, it is found that people who have more physical activity participation time is high. In physical health, the people with more participation time is higher than those with less participation time. Third, physical activity participants show that physical health, living environment and social relations are increased by sub-factors of life quality through exercise management. Fourth, physical activity participants show low physical health and living environment as a sub-factor of life quality when they spend a lot of well-being consumptions, and does not affect social relations.

Effect of Physical Activity Participation Frequency on Health-related quality of life among people with activity limitation for each type of activity

Background/Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of physical activity on the health-related quality of life among people with activity limitations for each type of physical activity. Methods/Statistical analysis: The original data used in the research were the health survey data of the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) conducted in 2013 and 2014. The research variables of this study were the frequency of participation in each type of physical activity and EQ-5D (Euro Quality of Life-5 Dimensions). Findings: First, in the case of men, there was a difference in the health-related quality of life (HRQL) between the group that did not participate in walking exercise at all and the groups who did so for 3 or 4 days and 5 days or more. For the flexibility exercise, there was a difference in HRQL between the group who did not participate in the exercise at all and the group who participated in it for 1 or 2 days. Second, In the case of women, there was a difference in the HRQL between the group that did not participate in the muscular strength exercise at all and the group that participated in it for 5 days or more. Improvements/Applications: Thus, proper participation in walking and flexibility exercises for males and adequate participation in muscular strength exercises for females are expected to help improve their HRQL.

Adolescent physical activity-related injuries in sports club, school sports and other leisure time physical activities

AbstractBackground: The objective was to study physical activity (PA)-related injuries in sports club, school sports, and other leisure time PA, and the associations between injuries and PA participation frequency and intensity. Methods: A nationally representative sample was obtained and a structured questionnaire was sent. A total of 9,462 Finns (12–18 years) completed the survey. Prevalence of PA-related injuries was gathered by separate questions about sports club injuries, school sports injuries and other leisure time PA injuries. Results: Injury prevalence was higher in sports club activities than in other leisure time PA or school sports for boys (p < 0.001) and girls (p < 0.001). The prevalence of other leisure time injuries was higher than the prevalence of injuries in school sports for boys (p < 0.001) and girls (p < 0.001). Injuries were associated with higher frequency (OR 10.4, 95% CI 6.7–16.3) and intensity (OR 4.1, 95% CI 2.9–5.8) of PA. Conclusions: Out of the three settings, injury preval...

Correlates and moderators of physical activity in parent-tween dyads: a socio-ecological perspective

ObjectivesThe identification of correlates and moderators of physical activity (PA) among parents and their children can support the development of more effective interventions. The aims of this study were to identify individual- and family-level predictors of PA among parent-tween dyads and to examine the moderating role of socio-economic status (SES) on these associations. Study designAs part of a larger investigation, a cross-sectional telephone survey was conducted in 2012 among 1000 parent-child dyads. MethodsChildren were aged between nine and 13 years (tweens). Frequency of participation in PA was self-reported by means of questionnaires. Multilevel modelling was used. Individual predictors included body mass index and sedentary lifestyles whereas family-level predictors included parents' cognitions, family co-participation in PA, and socio-economic characteristics. ResultsSignificant between-dyad variability in PA was observed among parent-daughter dyads (n = 470, ICC = 0.17, P < 0.001) but not parent-son dyads (n = 520, ICC = 0.01, P = 0.37). Sedentary activity (ps < 0.001) and co-participation in PA (ps < 0.001) were associated with greater PA. Positive parental perceptions of facilitating factors and greater self-efficacy were associated with PA among parent-daughter dyads (ps < 0.04) while parents' outcomes expectancies were associated with PA among parent-son dyads (P = 0.04). The relationship between facilitating factors and PA was moderated by SES (education) among parent-daughter dyads (P = 0.009). ConclusionsPromoting co-participation in PA and less sedentary activities appear as useful targets for increasing PA among parents and tweens. Additional strategies might be considered according to the sex of the children and family SES. Future research addressing socio-economic inequalities in the correlates of PA among families with tween girls is required.

Exercising choice: The economic determinants of physical activity behaviour of an employed population

Lack of physical activity is a major contributing factor to the worldwide obesity epidemic, and to the overall burden of disease. The deindustrialisation of developed economies and move to more sedentary employment has impacted on the opportunities of working individuals to participate in physical activity. This can have negative effects on productivity and worker health potentially influencing economic growth. Thus, it is important to determine the factors influencing the frequency of participation in physical activity for employed individuals. This paper uses a modified time allocation framework to explore this issue. We use data from the first six waves of the Household Income and Labour Dynamics of Australia survey (HILDA). The analysis examines frequency of participation in physical activity using a generalised random effects ordered probit model. We control for non-parallel cut-points between the physical activity categories and individual heterogeneity, as well as exploring differences across gender. The results indicate that there is a time trade-off between non-market work, market work, and the frequency of physical activity participation. This effect is moderated by gender. For example, dependent children have a larger negative effect on the frequency of physical activity participation for women. Education and marriage have a larger negative effect on the frequency of participation for men. The findings suggests that policies which make exercise more convenient, and hence decrease the opportunity cost of exercise, will help to encourage more frequent participation in physical activity for working adults.

Influence of Race, Ethnicity, and Culture on Childhood Obesity: Implications for Prevention and Treatment

Influence of Race, Ethnicity, and Culture on Childhood Obesity: Implications for Prevention and Treatment

Differences in the Correlates of Physical Activity Between Urban and Rural Canadian Youth

Despite the benefits of physical activity (PA), a significant proportion of youth remains inactive. Studies assessing differences in the correlates of PA among urban and rural youth are scarce, and such investigations can help identify subgroups of the population that may need to be targeted for special intervention programs. The purpose of this study was to assess differences in the correlates of PA between Canadian urban and rural youth. The sample consisted of 1398 adolescents from 4 urban schools and 1290 adolescents from 4 rural schools. Mean age of the participants was 15.6 +/- 1.3 years. Hierarchical regression analyses were used to examine the association between self-reported PA and a number of demographic, psychological, behavioral, and social correlates. Common correlates between the 2 locations included gender (with girls being less active than boys) perceptions of athletic/physical ability, self-efficacy, interest in organized group activities, use of recreation time, and friends' and siblings' frequency of participation in PA. Active commuting to school and taking a physical education class were unique correlates of PA at the multivariate level in urban and rural students, respectively. Variance explained in PA ranged from 43% for urban school students to 38% for rural school students. Although more similarities than discrepancies were found in the correlates of PA between the 2 geographical locations, findings from this study strengthen the policies that argue for a coordinated multisector approach to the promotion of PA in youth, which include the family, school, and community.

Acculturation, Physical Activity, and Fast-Food Consumption Among Asian-American and Hispanic Adolescents

Previous studies have implicated acculturation to the US as a risk factor for unhealthy behaviors among Hispanic and Asian-American adolescents, including substance use, violence, and unsafe sex. This study examined the association between acculturation and obesity-related behaviors-physical activity and fast-food consumption-among 619 Asian-American and 1385 Hispanic adolescents in Southern California. Respondents completed surveys in 6th and 7th grade. The 6th grade survey assessed acculturation with the AHIMSA acculturation scale and a measure of English language usage. The 7th grade survey assessed frequency of moderate-to-intense physical activity and frequency of eating fast-food. Multiple regression analyses included acculturation and demographic covariates as predictors of physical activity and fast-food consumption. Acculturation to the US, assessed in 6th grade, was significantly associated with a lower frequency of physical activity participation and a higher frequency of fast-food consumption in 7th grade. The significant associations persisted after controlling for covariates and were consistent across gender and ethnic groups. Results suggest that acculturation to the US is a risk factor for obesity-related behaviors among Asian-American and Hispanic adolescents. Health promotion programs are needed to encourage physical activity and healthy diets among adolescents in acculturating families.