Frequency Of Needlestick Injuries Research Articles

Prevalence of Needlestick Injuries among Iranian Nurses: A Systematic Review and Meta Analysis.

Injuries caused by sharp objects are a major health risk for nurses. These injuries can be extremely dangerous and lead to various diseases. The purpose of this study was to establish the pooled prevalence of Needle Stick Injuries (NSIs) among nurses in Iran. This study was a systematic review and meta-analysis. Eligible articles were searched from five electronic databases (Scientific Information Database (SID), Magiran, Web of Science, PubMed, and Scopus) and one search engine. A random effects model was conducted to estimate the pooled prevalence. The heterogeneity of the sample was tested using the I2 index, and the meta-regression function was used to evaluate variables suspected of heterogeneity at the 0.05 significance level. Finally, 21 articles were analyzed using the Comprehensive Meta-Analysis software (ver. 2.2.064). Based on the random-effects model, the frequency of NSIs among Iranian nurses is 18.70% (95% CI: 15.10%-22.90%). The highest frequency is recorded in a teaching hospital in Tehran in 2007 (19.80%; 95% CI: 16.40%-23.70%), and the lowest frequency was recorded in a teaching hospital in Tehran in 2008 (17.90%; 95% CI: 14.60%-21.80%). Sample size, mean age, and work experience were significantly associated with and mean and frequency of NSIs in nurses (p < 0.05). NSIs occur in about one-fifth of nurses in Iranian hospitals. In addition to its cost burden, the increase in NSIs has negative consequences for nurses. Therefore, health policymakers and managers must take serious action to reduce these injuries.

Frequency of needle stick injuries among healthcare providers during large-scale SARS-CoV-2 vaccination brigades.

The frequency of needle stick-related accidents in large-scale vaccination brigades during the COVID-19 pandemic is unknown. We determined the incidence of needle stick injuries (NIs) from the SARS-CoV-2 vaccination brigades in the Monterrey metropolitan area. We calculated the rate of NI by 100,000 doses administered from a registry of over 4 million doses.

Needlestick Injuries among Nurses in Selangor Public Hospital, Malaysia

Background: Needlestick injuries (NSIs) are one of the greatest risks nurses face. NSIs are associated with an increased risk of diseases that can be transferred through skin exposure, such as Hepatitis B, Hepatitis C, and the human immunodeficiency virus. Certain factors can influence the mechanism and frequency of NSI among nurses. Objective: To determine the factors associated with the frequency and mechanisms of NSIs among nurses at a public hospital in Selangor. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from April to September 2020. A total of 233 nurses were conveniently sampled from a public hospital in Selangor. A questionnaire was distributed to capture data on socio-demographic characteristics, frequency, and mechanisms of NSI. The inferential statistics were conducted using SPSS 22. Results: Of the 233 respondents, the incidence rate of NSI was 23.6%. Most cases of NSI occurred during the morning shift (12.4%), and the most common mechanism of NSIs was the action of recapping needles (6.9%). Factors associated with the NSI were gender, age, ward, and working experience. Conclusion: The prevalence of NSIs is relatively low in this study. However, nurses should still apply universal precautions to prevent NSIs. Several risk factors that influenced the NSI should be highlighted among nurses and nursing management to prevent its incidence.

Occupational Sharp Injury and Splash Exposure among Healthcare Workers in a Tertiary Hospital.

Background Occupational hazards like sharp injury and splash exposure (SISE) are frequently encountered in health-care settings. The adoption of standard precautions by healthcare workers (HCWs) has led to significant reduction in the incidence of such injuries, still SISE continues to pose a serious threat to certain groups of HCWs. Materials and Methods This was a retrospective study which examined the available records of all patients from January 2015 to August 2019 who self-reported to our emergency department with history of sharp injury and/or splash exposure. Details of the patients, mechanism of injury, the circumstances leading to the injury, status of the source (hepatitis B surface antigen, human immunodeficiency virus, and hepatitis C virus antibody status), and the postexposure prophylaxis given were recorded and analyzed. Data were represented in frequency and percentages. Results During the defined period, a total of 834 HCWs reported with SISE, out of which 44.6% were doctors. Majority of the patients have SISE while performing medical procedures on patients (49.5%), while 19.2% were exposed during segregation of waste. The frequency of needle stick injury during cannulation, sampling, and recapping of needle were higher in emergency department than in wards. More than 80% of HCWs received hepatitis B vaccine and immunoglobulin postexposure. Conclusion There is need for periodical briefings on practices of sharp handling as well as re-emphasizing the use of personal protective equipment while performing procedures.

Do surgeons use double gloves during surgery? Results of a survey.

&lt;b&gt;Introduction:&lt;/b&gt; The perforation of gloves during surgical procedures is quite common. A cheap and quite effective method of reducing the risk of blood-borne infections is wearing two pairs of gloves. Unfortunately, some surgeons are reluctant to it, and they report decreased dexterity and sensation. The aim of the study was to evaluate surgeons' double-gloving practices to determine the factors related to compliance. &lt;br&gt;&lt;b&gt;Material and methods:&lt;/b&gt; An anonymous, 21-question survey in Polish was sent by post to 41 surgical departments. The questions concerned: demographic data, type of surgical gloves used, allergy to latex, number of surgeries performed, frequency of using double gloves and negative impressions from using them and finally, the frequency of needlestick injuries during surgical procedures. &lt;br&gt;&lt;b&gt;Results:&lt;/b&gt; We received 179 questionnaires back. More than 62% of the surgeons believe that double gloves provide better protection than a single pair, 24% do not believe in this, and 14% have no opinion. Only 0.6% of respondents always use double gloves during surgery, 19% double glove in at least 25% of cases and 68% do it occasionally. 13% of the surgeons declared that they had never worn double gloves. During high-risk procedures, 86% of respondents wear double gloves. About half of respondents (50.3%) report discomfort while wearing double gloves; 45% - decreased dexterity; about 30% complain of numbness and tingling; and 64% - decreased sensation. &lt;br&gt;&lt;b&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/b&gt; Due to the high number of surgical glove perforations and relatively high prevalence of needlestick injuries, it is necessary to use methods that reduce the risk of transmission of pathogens. The habit of using a double pair of gloves should be implemented especially among young surgeons starting to train in their specialities. Consequently, the period of initial discomfort will be combined with the acquisition of surgical skills, which will allow for gradual acclimatization.

A study on the management of needle-stick and sharps injuries based on total quality management in a tertiary hospital in western China.

Based on the concept of total quality management, the practice of managing needle-stick and sharps injuries was analyzed to improve nursing quality. Using total quality management, an improvement plan was completed. Standard operating procedures for infusion therapy and monitoring of the circulatory system were made to reduce the utilization of winged metal needles and the frequency of needle-stick injuries. From 2015 to 2018, four cross-sectional surveys were conducted on the use of winged metal needles, peripheral intravenous catheters, central venous catheters, peripherally inserted central catheters, and implantable venous access ports and the status of needle-stick and sharps injuries in our hospital during the 4 years. Four cross-sectional surveys showed that the percentage of winged metal needle utilization decreased significantly from 13% to 0.5%, and that of peripheral intravenous catheters increased from 77% to 87%. Zero tolerance of winged metal needles increased from 33 to 60 nursing units, an improvement rate of 81.82%. The number of needle-stick injuries decreased from 71 to 21, a decrease of 70.42%. Needle-stick injuries occurred mainly during waste disposal (34.71%) and needle withdrawal (18.18%) and when recapping needles (9.92%). Based on total quality management, the implementation of zero tolerance of winged metal needles is much better. The use of winged metal needles and the incidence of needle-stick injuries are reduced. Total quality management is of great clinical value in preventing needle-stick injuries.

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Introduction: Needlestick injuries (NSIs) are one of the most frequent routes of the transmission of bloodborne pathogens in health care settings and the substantial source of occupationally acquired bloodborne infections. They remain a significant problem for developing countries that lack the ability to implement more reliable technologies and available guidance because of the economic situation. The objectives of the study were to determine the frequency of NSIs among healthcare workers (HCWs) and supporting staff in primary health care, to investigate the factors that caused these injuries and to evaluate a set of implemented guides. Methods: A retrospective study of the Department of infection control records of NSIs between January 2003 and January 2016 was conducted. Incidence proportion (rate of injury risk) was calculated for each profession with reported NSIs. Results: A total of 156 NSIs and sharp injuries were reported to the Department of infection control during the 12-year period. Among the group of HCWs, medical nurses/technicians (54.49%) were the most common injured workers, and the lowest numbers were reported by a physical therapist and dental technicians (0.64%). In a total number of cases, support staff accounted for 16.67%. The most incidents occurred during the use of needles, in 146 (90.6%) cases. Calculated incidence proportion for medical doctors is 0.24%, 5.33% for dentists, and 13.8% for medical and dental nurses/technicians and laboratory technicians. For support staff, the calculated rate is 6.04%. Conclusions: At the primary health care level, the NSIs frequency among all employee profiles is lower and it is suggesting the possibility of underreporting cases. Healthcare facility management should consider introducing new and more reliable technologies to reduce the number of NSIs especially among nurses/technicians, laboratory technicians, and cleaning staff. Additional training and preventive measures should be directed towards the proper disposal of medical waste. Management of the Institution presented engagement to prevent the occurrence of NSIs, and it is a positive example for all countries in transition.

Needle stick injuries in healthcare workers of a secondary Care Hospital, Pakistan.

Needle Stick Injury (NSI) is a percutaneous piercing wound typically dealing with sharps. Needle stick injuries are the most common health care workers issue worldwide. The causes include various factors like type and design of needle, recapping activity, handling/transferring specimens, collision between HCWs or sharps, during clean-up, manipulating needles in patient line related work, passing/handling devices or failure to dispose of the needle in puncture proof containers. NSIs may transmit other bacterial, fungal, or viral infections, including blastomycosis, cryptococcosis, diphtheria, herpes, malaria, mycobacteriosis, spotted fever and syphilis. Objectives: To determine frequency of needle stick injury among health care workers. Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: District Headquarter Hospital Layyah. Period: Jan to March 2019. Material &amp; Methods: Sample size was 161. A structured pre-tested questionnaire containing both open and close-ended questions was administered during the period of Jan-March 2019. Results: Out of 161 participants, 114 (70.8%) reported having a needle stick injury at least once during their clinical practice and the frequency of NSIs was significantly higher among nurses (76.7%) as compared to Doctors (50%), Laboratory staff (45.5%) and waste handlers (70.8 %). Conclusion: Study concludes that in absence of the routine collection of accurate data on NSIs, small studies have been useful in highlighting which groups of HCWs are most at risk from NSIs.

Are the students in medicine, nursing and allied health higher schools protected from Hepatitis B: A cross-sectional study from Hatay, Turkey

Aim: Hepatitis B is an important public health problem and many groups, including health workers, are at risk for hepatitis B. We aimed to determine the hepatitis B surface antibody levels and frequency of needlestick injury among health occupations students. Method: The study population and sample were 973 students in Mustafa Kemal University, Medical, Nursing and Health Vocational High School in 2015. Of the students, %63 were reached, and 67.7% of them gave blood samples. Anti-HBS values were calculated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and an antibody titer over 10 mIU/mL was accepted as positive. Results: The mean age was 20.9 ± 2.7 and 68.5% were female. Anti-HBs positivity was 54.5%, and 37.3% of the vaccinated group was still anti-HBS negative. The difference in anti-hepatitis B positivity was not significant in terms of sex, age group and school, but it was higher in vaccinated students than in others (p &amp;lt;0.05). 29.0% of participants had a history of needle-stick injury. The highest percentage was in health emergency and anaesthesia departments (p &amp;lt;0.001). Needle-stick injury was observed more often in senior students.Conclusion: Approximately half of the students were negative in terms of anti-HBs and injury risk at working places is extremely high. However, there is no clear hepatitis B policy for the students. There is a policy need for all students in healthcare settings.

Frequency of Needlestick Injury with Associated Risk Factors and Knowledge about Blood Borne Transmitted Diseases among Health Care Workers in Alnoor Specialist Hospital, Makkah, Saudi Arabia

Frequency of Needlestick Injury with Associated Risk Factors and Knowledge about Blood Borne Transmitted Diseases among Health Care Workers in Alnoor Specialist Hospital, Makkah, Saudi Arabia

Studying the Frequency of Needle Stick Injuries Suffered While Providing Medical Services in a Hospital in Kermanshah, Iran

Studying the Frequency of Needle Stick Injuries Suffered While Providing Medical Services in a Hospital in Kermanshah, Iran

Viral Infections Among the Nursing Personnel - a Survey

Healthcare workers (HCW) are at risk of occupational infections and can also transmit diseases to patients. The acceptance of measures to improve safety is linked to knowledge and risk awareness of HCW. The purpose of our study was to ascertain the knowledge and risk awareness of nursing staff regarding occupational infections and vaccinations as well as the frequency of needlestick injuries (NSI) in relation to the level of education. In the context of a conference on nursing, an anonymous questionnaire was distributed to the participants. Nursing staff had insufficient knowledge of viral occupational infections with regard to the actual hazard. At the same time, more than 60 % of the respondents rated the probability of contracting occupational infections as "pretty high" to "very high". In addition, 62.1 % of the study participants also stated that they did not feel sufficiently trained to care for patients with highly contagious or rare infectious diseases. Intensified training and awareness programs for nursing personnel are required to increase the knowledge of occupational infections.

A Comparison between the New and the Conventional Method for Recapping of Needles in a Hospital Setting

&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;INTRODUCTION:&lt;/strong&gt; Needle stick injury is a common and serious event despite training and education and preventive strategies. The common form of the needle stick among health care workers can be occurred while recapping of needle and it is important because of the risk of transferring infectious strains. With aim of reducing the needle stick injury we compared the results of a new recapping method as high dropping cover to a needle and then try to fix it for frequency of needle stick injury and impending to injury among a sample of nurses.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;METHODS &amp;amp; MATERIAL:&lt;/strong&gt; One hundred and fifty nurses from different hospital wards participated in the study. Both conventional method (holding syringe with needle attached in one hand, slip needle into the cap with using other hand) and the new method (high drop of cover over needle without slip with hand) were performed by&lt;strong&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;each nurses (each one for 10 times) consecutively as rapidly possible under observation.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;RESULTS:&lt;/strong&gt; In this study, most of the needle stick injury belonged to the conventional method compared to the new method (8.0% versus 2.9%). It was accompanied with the higher rates of impending to injury (29.3% versus 18.0%). The rate of impending to injury in the conventional method was as one time in 15.3%, two times in 10.0% and three times in 4.0%, while one, two, and three times of impending to injury occurred in 12.9%, 4.3%, and 0.7%, respectively in the new method.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;CONCLUSION:&lt;/strong&gt; Described new method for recapping is superior to the conventional method leading lower needle stick injury and lower impending to injury. &lt;strong&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

Frequency of Needle Stick Injury among Dental Students and Dentists of Karachi

ABSTRACT Objective To determine the frequency of needle stick injury in dental practice and to evaluate the level of knowledge, attitude and practices of the dental students and dentists regarding needle stick injuries prevention. Materials and methods This descriptive cross-sectional study was undertaken at eight different institutes of Karachi from July 2014 to March 2015. Data were collected in 800-sample questionnaire forms that comprised of ten questions in English language. Questionnaire was designed to obtain information regarding frequency, awareness and prevention of needle stick injury. Data were entered and analyzed in Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) Version 20. Result A total of 800 samples were returned with a 100% response rate. About 73% participants gave a history of needle stick injury during practice. Of these 42% were the house officers. It was reported that knowledge regarding vaccination against hepatitis B was prevalent among participants. Most of the participants agreed that they have received guidelines regarding prevention and protection from needle stick injury. Conclusion It was concluded from this study that hepatitis B vaccination is necessary to prevent needle stick injury and proper instruments/guidelines should be given to all health related professionals in order to minimize the risk of bloodborne infections through needle stick injury. How to cite this article Ikram K, Siddiqui HK, Maqbool S, Altaf M, Khan S. Frequency of Needle Stick Injury among Dental Students and Dentists of Karachi. World J Dent 2015;6(4): 213-216.

Needle stick injuries among health care workers of public sector tertiary care hospitals of Karachi.

To estimate the frequency of needle stick injuries (NSI) among health care workers (nurses, student nurses and paramedical staff) in public hospitals of Karachi. Cross sectional, observational. This study was conducted in three public tertiary care hospitals of Karachi, from November 2007 to January 2008. Data was collected by structured interview-based questionnaires in Urdu and English language. Questionnaire was designed to obtain information regarding demography, work experience, hepatitis vaccination status, and occurrence of needle stick injuries with associated factors. Needle stick injury that occurred in the previous month was the defined outcome. Data was entered in Epi Data and analyzed in SPSS version 15. A total of 417 health care workers participated in the study. Mean age of the participants was 24+/-11 years. Estimated proportion of participants with history of at least one time NSI was found in 66%. Around 13% (n=54) had one or more NSI in the previous one month at work and half of them were affected by non-sterile needle. None of them sought medical care. Almost 90% of them were not wearing gloves or taking any other protective measures at the time of injury. There can be serious consequences of needle stick injuries in public hospitals as large proportion of injuries involve non-sterile used needles and health care workers do not take appropriate measures of protection.

Effectiveness of training on standard precautions to prevent needle stick injuries among health professionals: A Systematic Review.

Review objectives The main objective of this systematic review is to critically appraise, synthesise and present the best available evidence on the effectiveness of training on standard precautions to prevent needle stick injuries among health professionals. More specifically, the objectives of this systematic review are to provide summarised evidence on: 1. The impact of standard precautions training on the frequency of needle stick injury among health professionals 2. Knowledge and practice change after training on standard precautions by health professionals 3. Needle stick injury morbidity, mortality and complications change after training on standard precautions among health professionals Inclusion criteria Types of participants This review will consider studies that include health professionals involved in clinical practices at different departments of private and governmental health institutions in both developed and developing countries. Specifically, the review will consider studies where the populations of interest are medical doctors, nurses/midwifes, auxiliary nurses, laboratory technicians, medical doctor students. There will be no restriction by age, gender or time in clinical practice among health professionals. Types of intervention The type of intervention for this systematic review will be training on standard precautions to prevent needle stick injuries among health professionals. Training in this case is the pre-service and/or in-service training given to health professionals on using and how to use protective devices to prevent needle stick injury. Comparators The comparators for this review will be health professionals who follow the standard precautions and who do not follow standard precautions. Types of outcomes The outcomes of interest for this systematic review will include: 1. Frequency of needle stick injury among health professionals 2. Knowledge and practices of standard precautions by health professionals 3. Morbidity, mortality and complications related with needle stick injury among health professionals

Needlestick Injury Rates According to Different Types of Safety-Engineered Devices: Results of a French Multicenter Study

To evaluate the incidence of needlestick injuries (NSIs) among different models of safety-engineered devices (SEDs) (automatic, semiautomatic, and manually activated safety) in healthcare settings. This multicenter survey, conducted from January 2005 through December 2006, examined all prospectively documented SED-related NSIs reported by healthcare workers to their occupational medicine departments. Participating hospitals were asked retrospectively to report the types, brands, and number of SEDs purchased, in order to estimate SED-specific rates of NSI. Setting. Sixty-one hospitals in France. More than 22 million SEDs were purchased during the study period, and a total of 453 SED-related NSIs were documented. The mean overall frequency of NSIs was 2.05 injuries per 100,000 SEDs purchased. Device-specific NSI rates were compared using Poisson approximation. The 95% confidence interval was used to define statistical significance. Passive (fully automatic) devices were associated with the lowest NSI incidence rate. Among active devices, those with a semiautomatic safety feature were significantly more effective than those with a manually activated toppling shield, which in turn were significantly more effective than those with a manually activated sliding shield (P < .001, chi(2) test). The same gradient of SED efficacy was observed when the type of healthcare procedure was taken into account. Passive SEDs are most effective for NSI prevention. Further studies are needed to determine whether their higher cost may be offset by savings related to fewer NSIs and to a reduced need for user training.

Needlestick injuries and hepatitis risk among health care workers

The risk of occupationally acquired infection with Hepatitis B (UB) and Hepatitis C (HC) among health care workers is a result of the frequency of needlestick injuries with patient blood contact (NI), the prevalence of patient virus carriers (C), the probability of transmission (T) and the immune status of the personnel, in the case of HB mainly the vaccination rate (Y). The purpose of the present representative study was to quantitatively register these determinants and thereby calculate the rate of nosocomial hepatitis infections to be expected among hospital workers in Germany. Method: We inquired all blood-exposed personnel (n= 528) at a general hospital as to NI over the last three months. Injuries with used needles, canules, scalpels and other surgical instruments, blood spashed into the eye or mouth as well as contact with blood on open wounds were taken into consideration. The prevalence of C was determined on a group of 769 consecutive patients according to HBsAg, HBeAg, anti-HCY and HCY RNA. T was accepted to be 30% for HB and 2% for HC according to literature sources. The estimation of V was based on an inquiry of 360 hospital occupational physicians. Results : 22% of the personnel recalled at least one NI over the three month period. Silent cases calculated according to official accident reports during the inquiry period made up 91%. The average injury rate was extrapolated to 2.2 occurences per person per year. Physicians and surgical staff showed the highest injury rate. For C, we found 1.0% of patients with HBsAg, 0.3% with HBeAg 1.0% with anti-HCY and 0.5% with HCV RNA. Of the total of 855,000 bloodexposed hospital workers in Germany, 82% are vaccinated against HB and 5% are naturally immune according to the occupational physicians. Conclusions: The prevalence of C among hospitalized patients does not differ from the general Western European population (UB 0.4-1.1%, HC 0.20.8%). According to our figures, 730 occupationally acquired HB-infections and 380 HC-infections can be expected yearly in German hospitals. The resulting occupationally related hepatitis mortality for HC is expected to be 5 times that for HB.

An aid for insulin needle destruction for people with failing eyesight

Patients with diabetic retinopathy and failing eyesight have problems in cutting off the needle after insulin injection. We have developed a new aid for attachment to a Becton Dickinson Destruclip needle cutter to simplify needle destruction and make safer handling possible, and studied its effectiveness. The performance time of 10 healthy blindfolded subjects to destroy a needle was compared with and without the aid. The risk of needlestick was also compared. When no aid was used, the time to destroy a needle was on an average: first trial 54 s, second trial 33 s, and third trial 11 s, while with the aid the time was on an average: first trial 16 s, second trial 7 s, and third trial 6 s; thus, the use of the aid shortened the time. Furthermore, without the aid, the frequency of needlestick injury was 1 in 15. With the aid it never occurred. This shows that the new aid for the needle cutter is effective and reduces related injuries.

Introduction of a "safety" intravenous catheter for use in an emergency department: a pediatric hospital's experience.

Little concern was given to the frequency of needlestick injuries in the workplace before the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) epidemic, despite the risk of acquiring more than 20 different infectious diseases from blood or body fluid-contaminated needlestick injuries. Reports of occupational human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) transmission after accidental needlestick injuries' have not only heightened healthcare worker awareness of this occupational hazard, but also galvanized industry to create safety devices designed to reduce this risk.We recently introduced a “safety” intravenous catheter for use in our emergency department at St. Christopher's Hospital for Children, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. The catheter we chose is, to our knowledge, the only one readily available on the US market. This catheter is the Protectiv™ IV Catheter Safety System, marketed by Critikon, Inc., Tampa, Florida. The catheter's safety mechanism is an external plastic sheath that, as the user advances the catheter off the introducer needle, slides over the contaminated needle and locks it safely inside. The sheath acts as a needle cap, and the user's hands remain behind the introducer needle during all stages of operation. We prospectively evaluated our registered nurses’ acceptance and proficiency with this “safety” catheter.