Frequency Of Back Pain Research Articles

The association between bullying victimization and back pain in young people: a systematic literature review and meta-analysis

Abstract Back pain is a common and recurrent health complaint in adolescence. Psychosocial factors may be associated with the onset and persistence of back pain symptoms. This systematic review aims to determine the association between bullying victimization and back pain in young people. Observational studies that quantified the association between bullying victimization and back pain in participants were included in this systematic review. Estimates of associations and confidence intervals were extracted. A random effects meta-analysis of estimates of association was performed. The quality of evidence was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute critical appraisal checklist for analytical cross-sectional studies. Database searches yielded 18,311 citations. Nineteen studies (n = 212,058, 51.4% female) were included in our review. Meta-analysis showed a positive association between bullying victimization and back pain (odds ratio 1.93, confidence interval 1.75-2.13). Subgroup analysis showed no statistically significant effect of sex, age, bullying type, pain type, recall periods, bullying frequency, back pain frequency, risk estimate adjustment, and study critical appraisal rating. All studies were rated at moderate-high risk of bias. Our synthesis of evidence found a weak-moderate association between bullying victimization and back pain in young people. Methodological shortcomings and heterogeneity in the field limit causal inference. Future longitudinal studies are required.

Frequency of Neck, Shoulder and Back pain due to Heavy Backpacks among Private School Children of Islamabad: A Descriptive Survey

School going children carry heavy back pack on daily basis. Heavy backpack can place extra pressure on shoulder, neck and back that can lead to pain in these regions of body. Objective: To explore the occurrence of neck, shoulder and back pain in school going children because of carrying heavy bag. Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive survey was conducted amongst school children of Islamabad from April 2023 to July 2023. A total of 274 school going children from various private schools of Islamabad region were the part of this study. School going children aging from 10 to 17 years of age of either gender with no history of musculoskeletal problems were included in the study. Data collection questionnaire incorporated standard Nordic Musculoskeletal disorder tool. Data were analyzed on SPSS version 25.0. Results: Children who carry back pack weight more than 10% showed more musculoskeletal symptoms in neck, shoulder and back. Results showed that frequency of musculoskeletal symptoms such as back pain was 171 (62.4%) and 97 (35.4%) students out of 100 who claimed no pain in back due to heavy backpack. In addition, the frequency of neck pain was 184 (67.2%) and 84 (30.7%) students who responded no neck pain due to heavy backpack. The frequency of shoulder pain was 86 (31.3%). Conclusions: Students with heavy back pack are more prone to develop musculoskeletal disorders including neck, shoulder and back pain.

Efficacy of Electroacupuncture Combined with Chinese Herbal Medicine on Pain Intensity for Chronic Sciatica Secondary to Lumbar Disc Herniation: Study Protocol for a Randomised Controlled Trial.

Chinese herbal medicine and electroacupuncture (EA) have been used to control pain for many decades in China. We aim to explore the efficacy of intervening patients whose discogenic sciatica symptoms lasting longer than 3 months with these conservative treatments. This is a single-center, parallel-group, patient-unblinded Randomized Controlled Trial (RCT) with blinded outcome assessment and statistician. One hundred and twenty-four patients will be assigned randomly into 2 groups including conservative treatment group (Shenxie Zhitong capsule combined with EA treatment) and Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs (Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs, NSAIDs) control group (Celecoxib) in a 1:1 ratio. The trial involves a 4-week treatment along with follow-up for 6 months. The primary outcome is the leg pain intensity measured by the visual analogue scale (VAS) at 6 months after randomization. Secondary outcomes include leg pain intensity at other time points, back pain intensity, leg pain and back pain frequency, functional status, quality of life, return to work status and satisfaction of patients. Adverse events will also be recorded. Through this study, we want to observe the efficacy of electroacupuncture combined with Chinese herbal medicine on pain intensity for chronic sciatica secondary to Lumbar Disc Herniation. If the final results are favorable, it is expected to be a safe, economical, and effective treatment for patients. The study design has the following limitations: the setup of control group was less than perfect; patients and doctors could not be blinded in this trial; we skipped the feasibility study. We have tried our best to minimize adverse impacts. ChiCTR2300070884 (Chinese Clinical Trial Registry, http://www.chictr.org.cn, registered on 25th April 2023).

Effectiveness of Back care education Programme among school children: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials

Study designSystematic review of Randomised controlled trials.ObjectivesWith the increasing incidence of back pain among children and its untold implications to their future, back education tailored in an effective way would be indicated. However literature appears unsettled. This study aims to review available literature to determine the effect of school-based back education in preventing and managing low back pain in school children.MethodsRandomized controlled trials carried out on elementary and secondary school children of ages 6 to 18 years and published in English language were included. Back education taught in hospitals or other settings were excluded. Primary outcome was back pain prevalence and secondary outcomes were constituted from the study characteristics of selected studies which includes: back behavior, knowledge, postural habits, physical activity, fear-avoidance beliefs, back pack carriage, pain intensity, skills and self efficacy. Databases searched were PEDro, HINARI, PubMed, Cochrane, and Google Scholar. Available stiudies from 2000 to March 2022 were retrieved. Quality of studies were assessed using the PEDro scale. Obtained studies were descriptively analyzed.ResultsA total 8420 studies were retrieved and 8 studies (with 1239 participants) were included in this review. Four studies each assessed back knowledge and back behavior, and two assessed back pain prevalence. There were improvements in back knowledge and back behaviour, but effectiveness of back care education on back pain prevalence was not conclusive.Forms of education used involved the indirect method of conditioning the environment and the direct method which made use of theory, practical lessons and educational books and materials.ConclusionBack care education programmes in schools are effective in improving back care knowledge, behavior and reduction in low back pain frequency. Reduction in back pain prevalence is not conclusive. Back care education could be incorporated as part of schools’ education programmes. Limitations include exclusion of non English language studies and inconsistent outcome measures.Funding sourceNone.RegistrationThis review protocol was registered under the International platform of Registered systematic review and meta-analysis protocol (INPLASY) with the registration number; INPLASY202310044 and DOI number; https://doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2023.1.0044

Low back pain frequency and the related risk factors in nurses and caregivers.

The objective of this study is to investigate the frequency of low back pain and the relationship between low back pain and personal and occupational risk factors in hospital employees. The study sample consisted of 270 nurses and 189 caregivers working in a university hospital. Demographic characteristics, low back pain history, and low back pain risk factors were queried by self-report questionnaires. The Biering-Sorensen Test was used to evaluate the endurance of trunk extensor muscles. Also, the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) were used. Of the hospital employees included in the study, 56.5% had low back pain in the last month, and 81.9% had a his-tory of low back pain. The frequency of low back pain was significantly higher among those who work in a stressful working environment, stand for extended periods, lift patients or heavy subjects without using a lifting device, and transfer patients alone. In addition, it was determined that those who exercise regularly and are satisfied with their job had significantly less low back pain (p<0.05). The mean Biering-Sorensen test difference between the two groups was statistically significant (p<0.001). There was a significant difference between the groups with and without low back pain in terms of HADS-Anxiety and HADS-Depression subscale scores. The study findings indicated that being a hospital worker is a risk factor for low back pain, and the decrease in the strength and endurance of the lower back muscles increases the risk of low back pain.

Training load as the conditioning of vertebral column dysfunction in road cyclists

Background. Spinal dysfunctions pose significant problems for road cyclists as they affect their efficiency and the quality of life. Despite this,fact only few studies are focused on the effect of training on the aforementioned dysfunctions. This gap in literature is even bigger as far as competitive/professional road cycling is concerned, despite the significant load the competitors are exposed to. This study is focused on understanding how different components of training load affect dysfunction of the vertebral column in road cyclists, both competitive and amateur ones. Additionally, the thesis how the program of adequate bioregeneration can contribute to reduction of spinal dysfunction risk is analyzed. Material and methods. The samle included 60 cyclists. The participants were divided into two groups: 30 competitive road cyclists UCI World Tour (first division) and 30 amateur road cyclists. The aim of the study was to understand the effect of different components of training load on the on the origin of spinal dysfunction in road cyclists . A questionnaire including the questions concerning personal data, the length of the road cyclist’s training period, training load, complementary training as the frequency and location of back pain, and also the questions, as the questions focused on information on the sustained injuries and contusions as well as as the access and the quality of the physiotherapeutic procedure. Results. The study using statistical tools revealed that many aspects of training affect vertebral column dysfunction in road cyclists, both competitive and amateur ones. The results also suggest that both professional and amateur cyclists should pay more attention to prevention and treatment of back pain. These procedures may involve regular workouts strengthening and stabilizing the vertebral column, control of training load as well as regular assessment by a physiotherapist. However, it was impossible to develop a concrete mathematical pattern for prognosing the aforementioned dysfunctions. Conclusion. The study provides new information on the training record in cyclists on the prevalence of back pain in road cyclists. The study found significant differences between the analyzed variables, however, in no case, the designated linear regression function allowed description of these relationships. This may indicate that the relationships are more complicated than it is suggested based on a simple linear model or that there are other factors responsible for back pain, which were not taken into consideration in this model. Further research using more complex regression models or taking into consideration additional variables are required for better understanding of the factors affecting vertebral column dysfunction in road cyclists – it will be the subject of further research by the authors.

Frequency And Determinants Of Chronic Lower Back Pain Among Patients Presenting To Primary Care Clinics In Pakistan: A Cross-Sectional Analysis

Objective: To ascertain the determinants of chronic lower back pain among patients presenting in primary care clinics. Methods: 300 participants from 18 to 75 years of age were enrolled from Primary Care Clinics, Primary Health Center, Sikanderabad and Family Medicine Health Center, Clifton, for a Cross-sectional study that was done from December 1, 2020, to June 30, 2021. Consultant family physicians took informed consent and then asked relevant history questions and performed a relevant physical examination, such as a straight leg raise on the patients. Results: The frequency of chronic lower back pain came out to be 16.7%(50). The median age was 31.99+15.7 years. For those who had chronic back pain, the majority were regularly taking Cholecalciferol supplements ( 20.8% p-value 0.05). The effect of depression increases the chances (0.688) of chronic lower back pain. (p-value 0.006) Conclusion: In our study, we concluded that lower back pain, especially chronic in duration, is very rampant in the community with male predominance. The majority reported a dull type of pain. Depressed people are more vulnerable to developing chronic back pain. Keywords: LBP (lower back pain), magnitude, restricted mobility, S.I. joint (Sacroiliac joint), community..

Self-reported acute injury and chronic pain in American equestrian athletes

Abstract The use of trauma databases for epidemiological study of equestrian injuries is well established. However, such databases fail to capture minor injuries or injuries when medical attention is not sought. Additionally, concerns about chronic pain in equestrians have only been explored in small samples. The current study is the first nationwide survey of American equestrians 12 years and older participating in all equestrian disciplines. This study aimed to evaluate the patterns of self-reported acute injuries, behaviours of seeking medical attention for acute injuries, and chronic pain. A convenience sample of 2,573 American equestrians completed an anonymous online survey with questions on acute injury anatomical region, type, and if they sought medical attention. Additional questions identified frequency and location of chronic pain. In total, 2,049 survey responses were complete, with 96% female and representation from all regions of the United States. Participation status (PS) was categorised as professionals (19%), amateurs (43%), and recreational (38%). PS was associated with acute injury and chronic pain frequency. Only 3.9% had never experienced an acute injury from equestrian activity. Of all injuries, foot injuries were most reported (13% of all injuries; 52% of participants) with only 39% seeking medical attention. Professionals had higher odds of experiencing acute injuries in most anatomical regions. 42% indicated they had encountered a concussion; of those, 71% sought medical assistance due to a suspected concussion. Chronic back pain frequency was reported at 27.5%. This study is the first to evaluate self-reported injury in a large convenience sample of American equestrians. The current study found a higher rate of lower extremity injuries in equestrians than previously captured in trauma databases. Prior concussion and acute injury increased the odds of individuals experiencing regional chronic pain, suggesting that future studies and interventions should focus on improving preventative and rehabilitative care.

Perception of the activity-based working concept by bank's employees as a working condition.

The aim of the research was to explore the potential of the concept of work in the activity-based working (ABW) environment, including its impact on stress, back pain and psychomedical parameters of employees subjected to and not subject to relocation. The data of 396 employees of both sexes were analyzed. The study used standardized psychological questionnaires to measure the level of perceived stress (Perceived Stress Scale), the level of readiness for change (Readiness for Change Questionnaire), the severity of health behaviors (Health Behavior Inventory) and the level of general self-efficacy (General Self-Efficacy Scale). The set included questionnaires measuring the level of knowledge of occupational health and safety rules and the frequency of back pain. In the group of people whose workplace was moved to another building (in accordance with the concept), the relationship between the level of stress and selected variables: age, sense of generalized self-efficacy was checked. A significant negative correlation between the level of stress and age was confirmed (ρ = -0.16, p = 0.023), meaning a decrease in the level of stress with age. The level of stress correlated positively with the sense of efficacy (ρ = 0.21, p = 0.003), which means, the higher the sense of effectiveness, the higher the level of stress. In addition, it was confirmed that the level of stress in the group of people changing their location differed significantly from the general population. Work in the ABW concept can contribute to the improvement of interpersonal communication and facilitate the social integration of employees and better evaluation of work in this model. Work in concept has not been shown to be a protective factor against back pain in people with obesity. It was confirmed that in people relocated from traditional office to office in the concept, relocation was associated with stress, but also with a greater sense of self-efficacy. Int J Occup Med Environ Health. 2023;36(4):526-40.

A lower frequency of inflammatory back pain in male patients with ankylosing spondylitis compared with female patients.

In routine rheumatology practice, we noticed that a significant number of male ankylosing spondylitis (AS) patients did not experience inflammatory back pain (IBP). Based on this observation, we aimed to investigate the prevalence of IBP in male AS patients and compare it to that in female patients. Patients with AS who fulfilled the modified New York criteria were subjected to a face-to-face interview with a standardized questionnaire that addressed the IBP components based on the Berlin criteria. The study also included 63 patients with chronic mechanical back pain (MBP). Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels were measured, and Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity, Function, and Metrology Indexes (BASDAI, BASFI, and BASMI) were evaluated in patients with AS. There were 181patients with AS (124 males, mean age 41.2years; 57 females, mean age 44.6years) and 63 patients with MBP (28 males, mean age 47.2years; 35 females, mean age 43.5years). The prevalence of IBP was found to be 87.7% in female and 66.1% in male patients with AS (p = 0.002). The specificity of the criteria was determined to be high both in females (85.7%) and males (89.2%). Female patients with AS had higher BASDAI levels than males (p = 0.048), but no difference was found in BASFI, BASMI, or serum CRP levels between genders. A considerable proportion of male patients with AS did not experience IBP, although they had similar CRP levels compared with females.

Prevalence of Chronic Pain After Spinal Surgery: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Degenerative disc disease and low back pain are common challenges that persist even after a discectomy. However, characterizations and quantifications of these illnesses from the patients' perspective are insufficient. We aimed to perform a systematic review of the literature and meta-analysis to determine the frequency of chronic pain after spinal surgery. We searched MEDLINE (PubMed), Google Scholar, and the Saudi Digital Library to retrieve research articles describing the frequency of persistent back pain, reoccurring disc herniation, and undergoing another operation following primary lumbar discectomy. We excluded articles that did not disclose the proportion of patients who experienced ongoing back or leg pain for over six months after the operation.We included 16 studies evaluating 85,643 patients. The pooled prevalence of persistent pain was 14.97% (95% confidence interval: 12.38-17.76). With all advancements in technology and operation techniques, many patients (14.97%) still have failed back surgery syndrome. Appropriate preoperative communication and multidisciplinary and coordinated treatment strategies yielded the best results.

Longitudinal associations of body mass index and abdominal circumference with back pain among community-dwelling adults: data from the Osteoarthritis Initiative

BACKGROUND CONTEXTBack pain is the most common musculoskeletal problem in both developed and developing countries. The prevalence and burden of back pain increases with age, and the management of back pain becomes increasingly important in the context of global aging. There is increasing evidence that obesity is a modifiable risk factor for musculoskeletal pain in different locations. Understanding the role of obesity in back pain holds great potential for improving understanding of the mechanisms of back pain and for developing new preventive and therapeutic approaches. PURPOSETo evaluate the role of weight, body mass index (BMI) and abdominal circumference (AC) in risk of back pain over 96 months. DESIGNProspective cohort study. PATIENT SAMPLEThe sample was from 4,793 adults in the Osteoarthritis Initiative (OAI) database who had or were at increased risk for knee Osteoarthritis. OUTCOME MEASURESOutcome variables included the presence, severity, and frequency of back pain, using the past 30 days as the time frame. METHODSLongitudinal analysis of data from 4,793 participants enrolled in the Osteoarthritis Initiative, assessed every 12 or 24 months for weight, BMI (kg/m2), AC (cm), and presence, severity (none, mild, moderate, severe), and frequency (none, rarely, sometimes, often, always) of back pain. BMI and AC were decomposed into between-person and with-person components. Data analyses were performed using mixed-effects logistic (for presence of back pain) or ordered logistic regression (for severity and frequency of back pain) models. ResultsBack pain was reported in 58% of participants at baseline; 70% of those without back pain had incident back pain over 96 months. Both between-person (average value across a participant's all measurements) and within-person (deviations from the participant's average) effects of weight and BMI increased risk of presence, severity, and frequency of back pain (Odds radios (OR) per kg/m2: 1.010–1.046, p<.05) in females but not males, with statistically significant weight*sex and BMI*sex interactions. Similar findings were observed for between-person effects of AC on back pain, and the within-person effect of AC was only associated with back pain severity (OR per cm: 1.009, 95% confidence interval 1.002–1.017, p=.019) in females. CONCLUSIONSGreater average weight and BMI and increases in them increased odds of presence, severity, and frequency of back pain over 96 months in middle aged and older women but not men. Only average AC increased odds of back pain over time, in women. These findings suggest that preventing obesity and slowing weight gain is important for the management of back pain.

Prevalence of Neck and Low Back Pain in Women During Post-Partum Period

Background: Due to the changes in the woman's body during and after birth, neck and back pain are common complaints among postpartum women. Objective: To determine the prevalence of neck and low back pain in the post-partum period of pregnancy. Methods This descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out within six months after the approval of the synopsis. After receiving their written consent, participants from the Jinnah and Services hospitals were given a standard questionnaire to complete. Pregnant females aged between 20-40 years of age were included in the study. Those having complications like gestational diabetes, pre-eclampsia or other serious conditions were excluded from the study. A predesigned Nordic questionnaire was utilized for the data collection purpose. A total of 19 closed-ended questions were included in the survey, covering the subjects' demographic information, parity, recent C-section or normal delivery, physical activity, low back and neck pain during the postpartum period. After completing the questionnaire, data was gathered to assess the prevalence of neck and low back pain. Using SPSS 22.0, the data was analyzed and for the quantitative variables, means and standard deviations were computed, while the qualitative variables were shown as frequency and percentage. Results: Among 119 postpartum women, 53 (44.5%) had a normal vaginal birth and 66 (55.5%) had the cesarean mode of delivery, 43 (36.1%) were breastfeeding, 22 (18.49%) were bottle-feeding and 54 (45.38%) were given both. In 12 months, 62 (52.10%) reported neck pain, whereas 80 (67.23%) reported low back pain. Women experiencing neck pain were 53(44.54%) and 72(60.50%) in the previous 7 days respectively. Conclusion: The study revealed that the frequency of neck pain and lower back pain was found to be 44.54% and 60.5% respectively in pregnant females.

The effect of strength training on motor control and the level of back pain

Background. Physical activity is an integral part of a healthy lifestyle. Properly developed training leads to many beneficial changes affecting the functional capabilities of people of all ages and with varying degrees of training. The aim of the study was to assess the impact of strength training on motor control and back pain. Material and methods. The study involved 60 healthy people who were assigned to one of two groups, taking into account their level of physical activity. Motor control was assessed by analyzing movement patterns, balance and activation of the transverse abdominal muscle. Spinal pain was assessed on the basis of the author's questionnaire and Oswetry questionnaire. Results. Subjects in Group II spent more time during the day in a sitting position and more often experienced back pain. In Group I statistically better results were recorded in the FMS assessment. In both groups the distribution of the foot load was correct. In the posturographic study, better results of most stabilometric parameters were observed in Group I. Better activation of the transverse abdominal muscle was noted in the subjects in Group II. According to the Oswestry questionnaire, the subjects of Group II were more likely to experience back pain, especially when lifting heavy objects. Conclusions. In physically active people better motor control and balance were observed, as well as less frequent back pain.

Effect of COVID-19 vaccine on menstrual experience among females in six Arab countries: A cross sectional study.

There have been varying reports on the potential occurrence and severity of changes to menstruation including the median cycle length, days of bleeding, bleeding heaviness, and menstrual pain, following receipt of COVID-19 vaccinations. We aimed to assess potential postvaccination menstrual changes in women residing in the Middle East. We implemented a cross-sectional online survey-based study. Data about the participants' demographic characteristics, menstruation experience, and vaccination status were collected and analyzed among six Arab countries. Among 4942 menstruating females included in this study, females who had received one or more doses of COVID-19 vaccination reported a higher frequency of back pain, nausea, tiredness, pelvic pain with periods, unprescribed analgesics use, and passage of loose stools. They also reported higher scores describing average and worst menstrual pain. Fully vaccinated females reported heavier flow and more days of bleeding. Our findings indicate that COVID-19 vaccine may have an effect on menstruation in terms of menstrual pain and bleeding heaviness. The evidence needs to be further investigated in longitudinal studies.

SUBJECTIVE SOCIAL STATUS MODERATES BACK PAIN AND MENTAL HEALTH: A LONGITUDINAL ANALYSIS OF OLDER MEN

Abstract Objectives. This study tested the longitudinal relationship between back pain and mental health and examined the moderating role of subjective social status (SSS). Method. Community-dwelling older men from the MrOS Study provided four study visits of data collected between 2000-2016 (15,975 observations nested within 5,979 participants). Back pain frequency and severity were assessed at visits 1-4. General mental health was measured at each visit by the 12-item Short Form Survey Mental Component Score (SF-12 MCS; higher scores representing better mental health). National and community SSS were assessed at visits 1 and 3 with the MacArthur Scale. Growth curve models tested longitudinal within-person change associations after accounting for the repeated measures within each person. Age was used as the primary time variable. Results. At baseline, those with higher back pain-frequency/severity reported lower SF-12 MCS. After accounting for this between-person difference, there were bidirectional within-person associations between back pain frequency/severity and SF-12 MCS. On follow-up visits when back pain frequency/severity increased from baseline, participants reported lower SF-12 MCS (p&amp;lt;.001). On follow-up visits when SF-12 MCS decreased from baseline, participants also reported higher back pain frequency/severity (p&amp;lt;.001). Higher national and community SSS at baseline and having increases or consistently higher SSS over time attenuated the negative relationships between back pain frequency/severity and SF-12 MCS. Results were consistent after controlling for an extensive list of baseline health covariates and pain medications. Discussion. These findings highlight how self-perceived social status may buffer the relationship between greater back pain frequency/severity and lower mental health.

The Frequency of Lower Back Pain as an Occupational Hazard among Health Worker

Background: Most employees will suffer from low back discomfort at some point in their working lives. Directly, low back pain affects employees and their families, but indirectly, it affects businesses and governments as well. Objective: In this study our main goal is to evaluate the frequency of Lower Back Pain as an Occupational Hazard among Health Worker. Method: This was a cross-sectional descriptive study of 100 consecutively recruited health professionals who consented to the study during 1st February 2020–30th April 2020. The study was conducted amongst health workers at Tertiary Hospital. Results: During the study, (40%) were 30 or below 30 years old, (26.6%) 31-40 years and (20%) 41-50 years. 30% were doctor and nurse, followed by 50% in health sector by 5-10 years, 66% had history of smoking and 50% were overweight. 60% female lower back pain followed by 50% underweight had lower back pain, 60% patients who had smoking history had lower back pain, in addition 50% who were in 5-10 years of health practice had lower back pain. 41.9% who worked in OPD had back pain, followed by 40% who alied health had lower back pain, patients who worked &gt;8 hours had lower back pain, 50% who were bending, 60% who were lifting, 70% who standing alone for long time, 65% who were pushing patients had lower back pain most. Conclusion: Health professionals had low back pain at a significant incidence, despite the fact that the majority of the causes were avoidable and were both personal and occupational. When physically handling patients, healthcare professionals should prioritize both their own back health and the requirements of their patients and customers. Workplace risks like these may be mitigated by the application of ergonomic design principles, work organization, back health education programs, and adaptive tools in our resource-constrained environments.

Association of position change and back massage and early ambulation with post-transfemoral coronary angiography complications

IntroductionTransfemoral coronary angiography (TFCA) may be associated with postoperative complications, such as oozing, bleeding, ecchymosis, hematoma, and back pain. Thus, nursing practice must help enhance patient safety post-TFCA. ObjectiveThis study aimed to assess the association of position change and back massage (PCBM) and early ambulation (EA) with the development of post-TFCA complications. MethodsThis study adopted a randomized controlled trial design and was conducted at the coronary care unit of a university hospital in Egypt. A sample of 185 patients undergoing TFCA was evaluated during the first 6 h post-TFCA and randomly assigned to either the PCBM (n = 92) or EA (n = 93) group, with the latter receiving the intervention after the first 3 h post-TFCA. The patients were assessed using the Post-transfemoral Coronary Angiography Complication assessment tool. ResultsComparing the two groups based on post-TFCA complications, the PCBM group had a lower frequency of bleeding, ecchymosis, hematoma and severe lower back pain whereas the EA group had a lower frequency of oozing, all of which were statistically significant (P < 0.05). ConclusionPCBM post-TFCA can lower the frequency of significant vascular complications. RecommendationAdopting PCBM may be valuable in post-TFCA nursing practice.

Clinical Importance of MRI Lumbar Spine in Lower Backache

Aim: To examine the effectiveness and clinical significance of lumbar spine MRI in chronic lower-back ache patients and its relevant radiculopathies. Study design: Cross-sectional descriptive study Place and duration of dtudy: Department of Radiology, Sir Syed College of Medical Sciences for Girls Karachi from 1stJune 2020 to 30thNovember 2020. Methodology: Ninety patients of both males and females, between the ages of 20-75 years with a history of bilateral or unilateral lower limbs radiculopathy, lower back numbness and pain were included. The patients with a history of vascular malformation, metastasis, tumour, infection, and trauma were excluded. Lumbar spine MRI was performed by MRI scanner. At the following levels, the scan was taken: L5-S1, L4-L5, L3-L4, L2- L3. Results: The mean age was 44.64±15.67 years. Eighty percent of patients showed osteophytes formation and disc desiccation signs, 53.5% of patients showed signs of numbness, and 36.7% of patients has bilateral lower-limbs radiculopathies complaints, whereas 91.1% had shown signs of diffuse disc bulge on spinal level of L5-S1. In 100 percent of patients, neural foramina were compromised at level L4-L5 to which in 98.9% of patients there was a “nerve root compression” at this level. Mostly it has been seen that level L2-L3 is spared. At level, L2-L3 hundred percent of patients did not reveal any important ligamentumflavum hypertrophy and 98.9 percent of people have no “facet joint hypertrophy”. Conclusion: The lower back pain frequency is higher in males as well as in females. In a patient who has lower back pain, the Disc desiccation was frequent. Because of spinal canal stenosis, foraminal canal and nerve root compressions the most general targeted sites were L5-S1 and L4-L5. Keywords: Lumbar spine, Magnetic resonance imaging, Lower backache

Acupuncture for chronic sciatica: protocol for a multicenter randomised controlled trial

BackgroundChronic Sciatica is a disabling condition causing considerable medical, social and financial implications. Currently, there is no recognised long-term effective treatment to alleviate sciatica. Acupuncture has been widely used for...