Frequency Of Antisocial Behaviors Research Articles

Life experiences and health factors linked to violent offending and repeated incarceration among males in Spain

ABSTRACT Rates of repeated incarceration for violent crimes are a significant problem in most countries due to their human, social and economic impact. The current research aimed to detect targetable life, personal and health related variables linked to reincarceration and conviction for violent crimes in a sample of incarcerated males in Spain (n = 201). For this, self-administered surveys and administrative data were used. Frequency of antisocial behaviours was linked to both general and violent reincarceration. Years working, serious mental, and physical illnesses were associated with number of incarcerations, but not with violent reincarceration specifically. These results reinforce the need for a multi-aetiological approach to crime and reincarceration prevention that focused on lifestyle variables, health promotion and the establishment of regular work resources.

Sport values, personal values and antisocial behavior in sport

A core aspect of morality concerns behavior towards others. To better understand this issue, we investigated the values-behavior relationship. In a cross-sectional study design, 165 team sport athletes rated the importance of Lee's sport values and Schwartz's basic personal values and reported their frequency of antisocial behavior in sport. With sport values, antisocial behavior was negatively correlated with moral values but positively correlated with status values. With personal values, antisocial behavior was negatively correlated with self-transcendence and conservation values but positively correlated with self-enhancement values. In terms of the relative importance of values, competence and moral were more important than status sport values, whereas self-transcendence and openness to change were more important than conservation and self-enhancement personal values. In terms of the conceptual link across contexts, comparisons of sport and personal values confirmed strong overlap between status and self-enhancement values, competence and openness to change values, and moral and self-transcendence values. In conclusion, antisocial behavior was related to both sport and personal values, and, in line with theory and evidence, the relationship between values and antisocial behavior resembled an unethicality profile.

Severity and Frequency of Antisocial Behaviors: Late Adolescence/Young Adulthood Antisocial Behavior Index.

An Antisocial Behavior index (ASB-I) for children (ages 5 to 15) was previously developed by obtaining clinician ratings of the seriousness or severity of various behaviors with the goal of improving assessment of antisocial behaviors (ASB) longitudinally. We extend the instrument for use in late adolescence/young adulthood, as socially unacceptable conduct manifests differently across developmental stages. As in the original study, this extension (the ASB-I YA) is based on independent ratings of ASB seriousness/severity during late adolescence/young adulthood (16 to 28 years) made by nine experienced clinicians. The items rated were drawn from the Oppositional Defiant Disorder and Conduct Disorder schedules of the NIMH Diagnostic Interview Schedule for Children (DISC-IV) and the Elliott Delinquency scales, plus new or modified items developmentally appropriate for late adolescence/young adulthood. Specific ratings were based on the developmental stage and reported frequency of the behaviors. The study also describes the distribution of ASB-I YA scores in the Boricua Youth Study. Reliability was substantial for the average ratings of each subscale and for the total score [ICC(3,9): .88 to .95]. Certain items were rated as more severe when occurring in late adolescence/young adulthood compared to childhood/early adolescence (e.g., hitting someone on purpose); however, most ratings were similar across developmental periods. Most importantly, raters reliably and consistently rated the items describing ASB in young adulthood, allowing the computation of the ASB-I YA score. Together with the ASB-I, the ASB-I YA can further advance the study of ASB progression from childhood into young adulthood.

Prevalence of Cognitive Distortion and Antisocial Behavior among Bangladeshi Adolescent in Higher Secondary School

Over the past 50 years, the rate of antisocial behaviors have increased in frequency and severity among children and adolescent. In a number of studies, cognitive distortions have been shown to be directly related to criminal and antisocial behavior. Hence, it is important to check the frequency of antisocial behavior among adolescent in every society. Thus, the primary aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of cognitive distortion or antisocial behavior among higher secondary adolescent. To determine the cognitive distortion and antisocial behavior the study used the Bangla Version of HIT questionnaire. To measure the prevalence, at first we determine the cutoff score for cognitive distortion and antisocial behavior using ROC curve, sensitivity, specificity and Youden Index. The target sample were 191 higher secondary school going adolescent who are consider as not delinquent or normal sample. Another group of 30 samples was included from juvenile Correction Center considering as delinquent sample to determine the cutoff score. The result found the cutoff score for cognitive distortion or antisocial behavior is 76.5. The result of the study was alarming and found that 42.7% adolescent were cognitively distorted and had antisocial behavior. The study also found that boys had more antisocial behavior than girls (44.6% vs 42.7%). The result also found that socio economic status was related to cognitive distortion and antisocial behavior. These findings suggest that cognitive distortion and antisocial behavior among higher secondary adolescent in Bangladeshi population are public health concern and assumed to threats for society. Since, cognitive distortion of adolescent should be prevented by imposing interventions. In a consequence, we will able to contribute the future national developmental process by reducing crime from Bangladesh.

DIFERENCIAS ENTRE ADOLESCENTES CON TRASTORNO DISOCIAL DE INICIO INFANTIL E INICIO ADOLESCENTE

We compared a group of adolescents with childhood-onset conduct disorder (C-CD), with a group of teenagers with adolescent-onset conduct disorder (A-CD), in relation to a set of neuropsychological, biographical, psychological, family, and community variables, and the overall and specific frequency of symptoms. Participants were 60 men and 11 women, 24 with C-CD and 47 with A-CD. Statistical analyzes depended on the type of variable analyzed. Participants with C-CD reported a higher frequency of antisocial behaviors, more violent behavior witnessed between their parents, a lower age of alcohol consumption, and more problems in school as a consequence of antisocial behaviors. These results tend to confirm that individuals with C-CD have a more negative profile of symptoms and associated difficulties.

Social functioning in adults with neurofibromatosis type 1

Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) is a common single-gene disorder characterised by a diverse range of cutaneous, neurological and neoplastic manifestations. It is well recognised that children with NF1 have poor peer interactions and are at risk for deficits in social skills. Few studies, however, have examined social functioning in adults with NF1. We aimed to determine whether adults with NF1 are at greater risk for impairment in social skills and to identify potential risk factors for social skills deficits. We evaluated social skills in 62 adults with NF1 and 39 controls using self-report and observer-report measures of social behaviour. We demonstrate that adults with NF1 exhibit significantly less prosocial behaviour than controls. This deficit was associated with social processing abilities and was more evident in males. The frequency of antisocial behaviour was comparable between the two groups, however was significantly associated with behavioural regulation in the NF1 group. These findings suggest that poor social skills in individuals with NF1 are due to deficits in prosocial behaviour, rather than an increase in antisocial behaviour. This will aid the design of interventions aimed at improving social skills in individuals with NF1.

Programação de contingências reforçadoras no fortalecimento de repertórios pró-sociais no contexto escolar.

O presente estudo investigou o efeito de contingências reforçadoras sobre o aumento de comportamentos pró-sociais dos alunos no contexto escolar. O Behaviorismo Radical dispõe de um arsenal poderoso para contribuir na melhoria da Educação. Destaca-se o princípio do reforçamento positivo. Vinte alunos, três professores/monitores e a coordenadora participaram desse estudo nas seguintes condições experimentais: Linha de Base e Intervenção - exposição de princípios derivados da Análise do Comportamento aos professores/monitores, coordenadora e realização de atividades destacando comportamentos pró-sociais com os alunos. Os resultados indicaram redução na freqüência de comportamentos anti-sociais, aumento na freqüência de comportamentos pró-sociais, maior participação dos alunos nas atividades programadas pela instituição e redução na freqüência do uso do controle aversivo pelos professores/monitores, sustentando que as contingências reforçadoras foram eficazes no fortalecimento de comportamentos pró-sociais.

The Relation of Antisocial Behavior Patterns and Changes in Internalizing Symptoms for a Sample of Inner-city Youth: Comorbidity within a Developmental Framework

Research examining the relationship between internalizing symptoms and antisocial behaviors has generally been cross-sectional in design. Thus, although extant data have substantiated a strong correlation between internalizing symptoms and antisocial behaviors, few studies have focused on describing the nature of the co-occurrence over time. This study examined the relation between growth in internalizing symptoms and longitudinal patterns of antisocial behavior in a sample of 283 inner-city males and their caregivers assessed as part of a longitudinal developmental risk study. Participants were assessed annually in four waves. Non-offenders and escalating offenders had lower levels of internalizing problems at wave 1 than did chronic minor and serious-chronic-violent offenders. Results revealed a developmental trend of decreasing internalizing problems across study years for most participants, as would be expected, with adolescents participating in serious, chronic, and violent patterns of antisocial behavior displaying greater internalizing problems than those participating in stable patterns of less serious or no antisocial behavior. Further, when there was escalation of seriousness and frequency of antisocial behavior, there also was increased internalizing problems relative to non-escalating juveniles. Results are discussed in the context of developmental psychopathology.

The Effects of Social Skills Instruction on the Social Behaviors of Students at Risk for Emotional or Behavioral Disorders

The authors examined the effects of pullout small-group and teacher-directed classroom-based social skills instruction on the social behaviors of five third- and fourth-grade students at risk for emotional or behavioral disorders. A multiple-baseline across-subjects design was conducted to determine whether the combination of small-group and classroom-based social skills instruction would reduce the frequency of antisocial behaviors across two settings (i.e., classroom, lunchroom). Results of the study indicated moderate reductions in antisocial behaviors during small-group social skills instruction. The positive changes either further declined or were maintained after classroom social skills instruction commenced. Training variables are discussed.

Antisocial behaviors in television entertainment: Trends and profiles

This study replicates the content analysis of antisocial acts on entertainment programming conducted by Greenberg and his colleagues in the mid 1970s. Our purpose is to determine if the frequency of antisocial behavior has changed. We found an overall rate of 42.1 antisocial acts per hour which is very similar to Greenberg's rate of 40.8 acts per hour. However, we found that the rate of verbal aggression had increased, especially on situation comedies and action/adventures programs.