Frequency Of ABO Blood Groups Research Articles

The ABO blood group antigens in patients with oral lichenoid reaction.

Evaluating the association of ABO blood group with different delayed hypersensitivity reactions, such as oral lichenoid reaction (OLR), can provide a new perspective for clinical practice. Therefore, this study designed to investigate ABO blood group antigens in OLR patients. In this case-control study, the ABO blood group of 112 OLR patients and 117 individuals without oral lesions were included. Gender, age, characteristics of the lesions, medications and restorative materials recorded. Chi-square test used to compare the frequency of ABO blood groups in OLR patients with controls. The O blood group was significantly higher in OLR patients and all its subtypes. Also, there were significant relation between O blood group, and severity of lesions. The frequency of dysplasia was non-statistically significant higher in OLR patients with O blood group than other blood group. Based on the results of the present study, O blood group was significantly more in patients with lichenoid reaction than control group, and AB blood group was the lowest. Also, O blood group showed a positive association with the more severe form of OLR lesions and frequency of dysplasia.

Prevalence of ABO and Rhesus (D) Blood Group and Allelic Frequency at Blood Bank of Nigist Eleni Mohammed Hospital, Ethiopia.

The purpose of this cross-sectional study was to determine the pattern of the ABO and rhesus D (RhD) blood group distribution among voluntary blood donors attending five blood donation centers at Nigist Eleni Mohammed General Hospital in Hossana, Ethiopia. A total of 1,120 participants who fulfilled the "who can give blood" criteria of the World Health Organization were selected randomly. Blood samples were collected, transported to the laboratory, and analyzed for ABO and RhD typing. The data was analyzed using descriptive statistics and chi-square correlation analysis. The study found that the O blood group was the most prevalent (39.0%), followed by A (32.2%), B (22.5%), and AB (6.4%). When considering both the ABO and Rh blood groups together, 92.9% of blood donors were RhD positive, while only 7.1% were RhD negative. The distribution pattern of the ABO blood groups in Gurage Zone, Hadiya Zone, Kembata Zone, and Silte Zone showed that the O blood group was the most prevalent, followed by A, B, and AB, in that order. Conversely, the ABO blood group distribution pattern in Halaba Zone was A > O > B > AB. Civil servants from different occupational statuses were the most dominant voluntary blood donors, accounting for 53.2%, followed by students from different high schools and universities (41.9%), self-employed individuals (4.1%), and others (0.7%). The ABO blood group system had observed allele frequencies significantly different from the expected frequencies (p = 0.007), while the RhD system did not (p = 0.037). Allele frequencies for A, B, and O in the ABO system were 0.3531, 0.2576, and 0.3893, respectively. Observed frequencies for RhD-positive and RhD-negative alleles were 0.9647 and 0.0531, respectively. This study highlights the regional ABO and RhD blood group variations in Ethiopia, noting disparities from expected ABO allele frequencies, and identifies the O blood group predominance among donors with a high RhD-positive prevalence.

Frequency Of Beta Thalassemia Major Abo Blood Groups In Different Foundation Of District Peshawar

Background: Thalassemia major (TM) is an inherited hemolytic disorder occur due to abnormal hemoglobin production as a result of HBB (Haemoglobin Subunit Beta) gene mutation because HBB gene provides instructions for making of beta globin. The research study aim is to determine the frequency of beta thalassemia major ABO blood group in different foundation of district Peshawar. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted, involving 100 individuals with Thalassemia major from different foundations in Peshawar, including Hamza Foundation and Fatmid Foundation. The data was analyzed for statistical analysis using SPSS version 22.0 software. Results: The study analyzed the gender-wise distribution of Thalassemia major patients, revealing that out of the 100 individuals, 43 were female (43%) and 57 were male (57%). Moreover, the study examined the ABO blood types among the participants. The most prevalent blood type among the Thalassemia major patients was B+ (35.0%), followed by O+ (34.0%), A+ (26.0%), AB+ (4.0%), and O- (1.0%). Conclusion: Based on the results, it can be said that among those with Thalassemia major in the population under study, the B+ blood type is the most prevalent and well-known ABO blood group.

ABO and Rhesus Blood Group Frequency among Donors and Admitted Patients at Zawia Medical Center, AzZawya City, Libya

The identification and categorization of blood groups play a crucial role in transfusion medicine as it allows for safe and compatible transfusions. Among the various blood group systems, the ABO and Rhesus blood grouping systems have special clinical significance. Understanding the distribution and frequency of ABO and Rhesus blood groups within a specific community is essential for healthcare planning, especially when it comes to blood supply management and organ transplantation. Additionally, studies have also shown a relationship between ABO blood groups and the onset and spread of diseases. Therefore, this study was conducted to detect the distribution and frequency of ABO and Rhesus blood groups in AzZawya City, Libya. In this retrospective study, data from the blood bank at Zawia Medical Center were collected over three years to detect the distribution of ABO and Rh blood groups among 5187 donors and admitted patients. The result shows that blood group O is the dominant among all study subjects (45%), as well as, among males (48.2%), and females (42.2%). Blood group A is the second most common at 34.6% among total, 33% among males, and 36% among females. For Rhesus antigens 89.4% of study subjects were Rhesus positive, 87.3% for males and 80% for females. In addition, the results show a statistically significant association between gender and blood group distribution p<0.001. Knowing the most common blood types helps maintain adequate blood bank supplies.

Distribution and Frequency of ABO and Rhesus blood groups among donors at Chughtai Institute of Pathology, Lahore

Aim: To assess the demographic background of blood donors in a referral institution located in Lahore, as well as the distribution of blood groups among those who donate blood. Additionally, the study will investigate the distribution of blood groups among those who donate blood. Study design: A cross-sectional study Place of Study: Chughtai Institute of Pathology, Lahore Study duration: March to June 2023 Results: Among the participants, blood group O was most common 202(49.26%), followed by A 110(27.1%), B 82(20%) and AB 15(3.65%). Blood group O was most common. Blood group O was the least common among participants. The least common blood group was AB, with 3.65% of male participants and 1.7% of female participants. A statistical analysis found no significant difference between gender and blood type (χ2 = 2.9932, P value =0.912). All blood groups except AB had Rh-negative antigens. A comparison of blood types found no changes in RH (χ2 = 2.112, P value = 0.698). Conclusion: For the functioning of a national health service, it is crucial to possess current information on the prevalence of blood types in various local settings. Currently, there is a lack of information on this important subject. Our research provides detailed information on the blood type and demographic characteristics of donors. Additional research and mobilisation are needed nationwide to adhere to the World Health Organization's suggestions regarding voluntary blood donation. Keywords: Rhesus factor, ABO, blood donation, and transfusion medicine

Distribution of ABO and RH Blood Groups among Blood Donors in Jiblah University Hospital in IBB Province, Yemen

Background: The ABO and Rhesus (Rh) blood group system are the most important blood group systems in Transfusion Medicine, genetic studies and in legal medicine study. The distribution of the ABO and Rhesus blood groups is vital for the effective operation and planning of blood banks and secure blood transfusion services. Objective: To determine the distribution of ABO Rh blood groups among blood donors in Jiblah University Hospital in Ibb province, Yemen. Methods: A retrospective study was conducted at Blood bank of Jiblah university hospital in Ibb city, Yemen from January 2021 to August 2023. Blood groups typing of 4853 blood donors was carried out using Slide Agglutination (antigenantibody) method with antisera anti-A, anti-B, and anti-D. Age and sex of participants were considered. SPSS version 20 was used for data analysis. Results: The most common blood group was O (55.54%) and AB was the least common (1.71%). The prevalence of Rhpositive and Rh-negative was 80% and 20% respectively. There were statistically significant association between ABO blood groups and Rh blood group (P = 0.000). Conclusion: The overall phenotypic frequencies of ABO blood groups were O>A>B>AB and O+>A+>O->B+>A- >AB+>B->AB- was found to be the order of blood group frequency in the current study. There was a statistical association between ABO blood group system and Rh system

Distribution of ABO, RhD Blood Group among Secondary School Students at Bishops Girls Secondary School Rushere Kiruhura Southwestern Uganda

ABO and Rhesus blood group antigens are inherited genetic markers in human blood. Haemoglobin is an efficient transporter of oxygen from the lungs to the tissues and carbon dioxide from tissues to the lungs for exhalation. The study was to determine the distribution of ABO and Rhesus blood groups among secondary school female students. The blood samples of 107 secondary school students at Bishops girls’ Secondary School Rushere kiruhura Southwestern Uganda between July to August, 2023 were collected and their haemoglobin genotypes were determined using HemoTypeSC™ rapid test kit and ABO and Rhesus blood groups were determined by a standard tube method. Results. The frequencies of ABO blood groups among the study population were 20 (18.5%), 24 (22.5%), 06 (5.4%) and 57 (53.6%) for blood group A, B, AB, and O respectively. Also, the distribution of Rhesus (D) positive and Rhesus (D) negative were reported as 98 (91.6%) and 9 (8.4%) each. There was no association between ABO, Rhesus (D) and Hb genotypes observed. Data revealed that Rhesus (D) positive students were statistically higher in number compared to the Rhesus (D) negative students (p=0.000). The sequence of ABO distribution among the rural population in southwestern Uganda is; O > A > B > AB. The frequency of Rhesus (D) negative is very low among secondary school students at Bishops’ Girls Secondary School Rushere Kiruhura Southwestern Uganda Keywords: blood groups, ABO blood group, Rh group, Haemolytic Disease of the Newborn

Prospective study of ABO and Rh blood group frequency and distribution among health-care professional students at Hassan Institute of Medical Sciences, Hassan

Background: The presence of immunologically competent agglutinogens in ABO and Rhesus (Rh) system makes these blood groups clinically important. The distribution frequency of these blood groups in various geographical regions is essential for the maintenance of blood bank records, for research studies, etc. This helps in safe transfusion during emergency. Many population-based research works were conducted on the prevalence of blood agglutinogens. The lack of data on these blood antigens among young health-care professional students prompted the conduct of this study on blood groups. Aims and Objectives: The aims and objectives of the study are to ascertain blood group frequencies among health-care professional students and to obtain prospective group of Rh-negative blood donor database. Materials and Methods: Research was accomplished on 400 health-care professional students of HIMS, Hassan, in department of physiology after going through knowledge, attitude, and practice questionnaire. Blood grouping was done by collecting blood from participants by finger prick method on glass slides. Results: In participants, the most common blood group was O (40.8%) with decreasing prevalence of B (34.3%), A (18%), and AB (7%). The frequency of Rh-positive and negative groups was 95.5% and 4.5%, respectively. Conclusion: Among participants, blood group O and blood group AB was most and least common, respectively. The frequency of Rh positive was far higher compared to Rh-negative groups.

Frequencies of ABO and RhD blood groups among blood donors in Hong Kong

Frequencies of ABO and RhD blood groups among blood donors in Hong Kong

Prevalence and Distribution of ABO and Rh (D) Factor among Blood Donors in the United Arab of Emirates

Abstract Introduction/Objective Karl Landsteiner discovered the ABO blood group system in 1900, which was the first human blood group system. The Rh blood group system was found forty years later. The antigens on the surface of red blood cells are used to classify people into ABO blood groups. In the ABO system, there are four types: A, B, AB, and O; in the rhesus system, there are two types: Rh-positive and Rh-negative. Blood group identification is critical for efficiently managing blood banks and blood transfusion services to avoid serious transfusion reactions. Methods/Case Report The study was performed on a total of 5996 healthy blood donors in the United Arab of Emirates (UAE). ABO and Rh (D) groupings were performed on all donors' samples by the gel electrophoresis technique. Data on the frequency of ABO and Rh(D) blood groups were reported in numbers and percentages. Results (if a Case Study enter NA) The study revealed that type O is the most prevalent blood group in the United Arab Emirates (43.83%), followed by A at 26.68% and B at 23.90%, with AB having the lowest prevalence at 5.58%; O > A > B > AB. Our study found that 92.57% of the donor population was Rh-positive, whereas 7.43% was Rh- negative. The IA, IB, and IO allele frequencies were determined using the Hardy-Weinberg rule of equilibrium. The gene frequencies are calculated to be 0.1942 for IA (p), 0.1438 for IB (q), and 0.6620 for IO (r). O (r) has the most value in UAE, followed by A (p) and B (q); O > A > B. OO constituted 43.83% of the homozygous types, AA 3.77%, and BB 2.06%. The heterozygous types were 25.71% for AO, 19.03% for BO, and 5.58% for AB. Conclusion The study gives reliable ABO gene frequency statistics and information on the distribution of ABO blood group Rh groups of various alleles in the United Arab Emirates. This knowledge aids in the efficient management of the blood bank's inventory. It will aid transfusion services in anticipating future health issues and improving blood transfusion practice. The study is the first to give reliable ABO gene frequency statistics and information on the distribution of ABO blood group Rh groups of various alleles in the United Arab Emirates. This knowledge aids in the efficient management of the blood bank's inventory. It will aid transfusion services in anticipating future health issues and improving blood transfusion practice.

The frequency of ABO and Rhesus(D) blood group antigens among blood transfused patients in Northern Ethiopia, 2023: Retrospective study

BackgroundData about the distribution of ABO and RhD blood groups is important for effective blood utilization, which is maintained by identifying the most clinically required blood type. However, there is a scarcity of data in Ethiopia about the distribution of ABO and RhD blood groups among blood-transfused patients, particularly in the study area. ObjectiveTo determine the frequency of ABO and RhD blood groups among blood transfused patients at Dessie Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Northern Ethiopia, 2023. MethodA hospital-based retrospective study was conducted from September 1 to September 30, 2022, to determine the frequency of ABO and RhD blood groups among blood-transfused patients at Dessie Comprehensive Specialized Hospital. The study was conducted on data from blood-transfused patients from October 2019 to June 2022. A total of 3762 blood transfused patients’ data was collected from the blood transfusion log book records. The data were coded, entered, and cleaned using Epi-data version 4.6 and analyzed for descriptive statistics using Stata version 14.0. ResultA total of 3762 blood-transfused patients were included in the study. Of those, females made up 57.3 % (2156/3762). Of 3762 blood transfused patients, the majority (33.9 %, 1277/3762) had ABO blood group B, and 81.3 % (3060/3762) of the blood transfused patients were RhD-positive. Eight thousand three hundred fifteen units of whole blood were transfused to 3762 patients, with a mean of 2.2 units of blood transfused per patient. Furthermore, the majority of the study participants 42.82 %, (1611/3762) were given two units of blood, and 8.77 % (330/3762) were given four units of blood. ConclusionMost of the study participants had B and RhD-positive blood groups. The majority of the blood transfused patients were females. Most of the blood was transfused in the medical ward, and whole blood was transfused for all patients.

Frequency Distribution of ABO and Rhesus Blood Group System and their Association with the Prevalence of Various Clinical Disorders among the Kashmiri Donors: “A Possible Correlation or Just Random Distribution”

Aim: The knowledge of blood group distribution is essential for inventory management and disease trends related to different blood groups. Besides being important in blood transfusion, ABO and Rh blood group system play an important role in forensic pathology, disease susceptibility and population genetics. The aim of the present study was to determine the frequency and distribution of ABO and Rh blood groups among (Bachelor of Medicine, Bachelor of Surgery/Bachelor of Dental Surgery) students belonging to different geographical locations in the Kashmir valley, Jammu and Kashmir, India as well as the prevalence of various disorders among the students and their parents in relation to ABO and Rh blood groups.
 Study Design: A Comparative Study.
 Place and Duration of Study: Department of Physiology, Government Medical College Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India.
 Methodology: The ABO and Rh status was determined according to the classical slide test method. The prevalence of various disorders in the students and their parents was studied by self-administered questionnaire and all the required information was collected
 Results: The overall prevalence of the different blood groups followed the order: O+ > A+ ≥ B+> O->AB+>B‑.The most common prevalent disorders associated with different blood groups were diabetes, hypertension, hyperthyroidism, hypothyroidism and rheumatoid arthritis. The other less prevalent disorders associated with several blood groups were polycystic ovarian disease, gout, myopia, fatty liver, atrial septal defect, HBV infection and vitiligo.
 Conclusions: The results of the present and other studies indicates that if not the exact cause of disease, the individuals with different blood group antigens are susceptible to several disorders and other health problems. Further research investigations should be conducted at large scale in order to understand such possible connections between the blood groups and diseases if any such exist.

Prevalence of ABO and Rh Blood Groups Among Blood Donors in Jiblah University Hospital in Ibb Province Yemen

Background: The ABO and Rhesus (Rh) blood group system are the most important blood group systems in Transfusion Medicine, genetic studies and in legal medicine study. The distribution of the ABO and Rhesus blood groups is vital for the effective operation and planning of blood banks and secure blood transfusion services. Objective: To determine the prevalence of ABO Rh blood groups among blood donors in Jiblah University Hospital in Ibb province, Yemen. Methods: A retrospective study was conducted at Blood bank of Jiblah university hospital in Ibb city, Yemen from January 2021 to August 2023. Blood groups typing of 4853 blood donors was carried out using Slide Agglutination (antigen-antibody) method with antisera anti-A, anti-B, and anti-D. Age and sex of participants were considered. SPSS version 20 was used for data analysis. Results: The most common blood group was O (55.54%) and AB was the least common (1.71%). The prevalence of Rhpositive and Rh-negative was 80% and 20% respectively. There were statistically significant association between ABO blood groups and Rh blood group (P = 0.000). Conclusion: The overall phenotypic frequencies of ABO blood groups were O>A>B>AB and O+>A+>O->B+>A->AB+>B->ABwas found to be the order of blood group frequency in the current study. There was a statistical association between ABO blood group system and Rh system.

ABO BLOOD GROUP TYPE AND RISK OF VENOUS THROMBOEMBOLISM IN PATIENTS WITH LYMPHOMA

Introduction: Risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE) is increased in patients with cancer owing to various pathophysiological mechanisms that generate prothrombotic state. Lymphoma patients are well known to be at significant risk for VTE development. Recently, non-O blood type was associated with increased risk of VTE in patients with cancer and it has been proposed as time-dependent predictor of VTE in that group of patients. The aim of the study was to examine ABO blood group as a risk factor for VTE development in patients with lymphoma. Methods: A total of 600 patients with lymphoma (newly diagnosed and relapsed) have been included in the study. All the patients have been treated at Lymphoma Center, Clinic for Hematology, University Clinical Center of Serbia. Data regarding VTE events was collected for all the patients included in the study, from the time of diagnosis to 3 months after the last cycle of therapy. ABO blood group has been determined prior to treatment initialization through standard institutional procedure. VTE was diagnosed objectively based on radiographic studies, clinical examination, and laboratory evaluation. Results: The median patients' age was 57 years (range 18–89 years); 55.5% were males. The majority of the patients were newly diagnosed (88.8%). The distribution of the diagnosis was following: indolent NHL 140 (23.3%), aggressive NHL 366 (61%), and Hodgkin lymphoma 94 (15.7%), respectively. The rate of VTE was 10.3% (62 patients), with the highest rate in aggressive NHL group of patients (7.7%, 46 patients). VTE was diagnosed before the specific hematological treatment initiation in 46.8% of lymphoma patients, whilst 53.2% of lymphoma patients have been diagnosed with VTE after the hematological treatment commencement. A blood type was the most common in our group of patients (41.6%), followed by O blood type (33.3%), B blood type (15.8%) and AB blood type (9.3%), respectively. There was no statistically significant association between VTE development and ABO group type (p = 0.495). Non-O blood type lymphoma patients with VTE had significantly more often developed VTE prior to the treatment initiation in comparison with O blood type lymphoma patients with VTE (2.5% vs. 1%, p = 0.04), whereas VTE in O blood type lymphoma patients was significantly more often after the initiation of hematological treatment in comparison with VTE in non-O blood type patients (3.8% vs. 3%, p = 0.04). Logistic regression model demonstrated that non-O blood type is a predictor of pre-treatment VTE development in lymphoma patients (odds ratio [OR] = 3.19, confidence interval [CI]: 1.03–9.88, p = 0.044). Conclusions: While there is no association between frequency of ABO blood group and the rate of VTE in lymphoma patients, non-O blood type in lymphoma patients has shown to be a predictor of VTE development prior to specific hematologic treatment commencement. Encore Abstract—previously submitted to EHA 2023 Keywords: diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers, Lymphoid Cancers - Other No conflicts of interests pertinent to the abstract.

Link between human ABO blood groups with diseases influencing blood donors and recipients frequency at RBTC, Delhi, India.

Blood groups had associations with many diseases that affect blood transfusion services by increasing or decreasing the blood demand of particular blood group. The present study was designed to compare the frequency of ABO and Rh blood groups among blood donors and blood component recipients. The ABO and Rh(D) blood groups of donors and recipients were determined using Gel card method. The frequency of blood donors and blood component recipients from January 1, 2020, to December 31, 2023, at regional blood transfusion centre of Delhi, were compared using χ² test. The ABO blood group frequencies of blood donors (n=23025) were: A(23.1%), B(37.53%), AB(10.09%), and O(29.29%). The blood issue (n=20255) was significantly (p=0.0000) higher in A(24.96%), B(39.92%), and lower in AB(9.76%) and O(25.37%). The RDP issue (n=7239) was significantly (p=0.0000) higher in A(24.71%), B(39.34%), and AB(11.53%) and lower in O(24.41%). The FFP issue (n=4164) was significantly (p=0.00024) higher in AB (12.3%) and lower in A (22.05%), B(37.32%), and O(28.14%). The difference between the blood donor frequencies of Rh(D)+Ve(95.19%) and Rh(D)-Ve(4.81%) and the blood issued by Rh(D)+Ve(95.06%) and Rh(D)-Ve(4.94%) was statistically not significant(P=0.52).Blood issues were higher in blood group A and B than in O, platelet issues were higher in A, B and AB than in O, and FFP issues were higher in the AB. Non-O blood groups may have a higher frequency of blood transfusions, while O blood groups may have a protective influence against diseases due to their innate immune response.

Phenotype, allele and genotype frequency distribution of ABO and Rh(D) blood group among blood donors attending regional blood transfusion centre in Delhi, India.

The ABO and Rh blood group phenotypes, alleles, and genotype frequencies have many biological and medical implications. The frequency differs broadly according to races, geographical borders and ethnicity, even within the same region. This study was designed to determine the frequency of ABO and Rh blood groups among blood donors attending the regional blood transfusion centre in Delhi. The gel card method was used to determine the ABO and Rh(D) blood groups of donors who donated blood between January 1, 2020, and June 30, 2022. The assumption of Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium was used to determine allele and genotype frequencies of blood donors. A total of 16,925 blood units were donated during the study period. Donors phenotype frequencies of ABO were as follows: 'A' (23.88%), 'B' (37.38%), 'AB' (9.97%) and 'O '(29.27%). Rh(D)+Ve (D) were (94.9%) and Rh(D)-Ve (d) were (5.01%), which follow an order of B > O > A > AB and Rh-D > d for Rh. Donors ABO and Rh (D) allele frequencies were IA-0.183, IB-0.277, IO-0.541 and ID-0.776, Id-0.224 respectively. Allele frequencies follow an order of IO > IB > IA and Rh- ID > Id. Donors ABO genotype frequencies were AA-0.0333, AO-0.198, BB-0.0768, BO-0.30, AB-0.101, OO-0.293 and Rh(D) genotype frequencies were DD-0.602, Dd-0.347, dd-0.0501. Genotype frequencies follow an order of BO > OO > AO > AB > BB > AA and DD > Dd > dd. Among our donors, which were mostly from northern India, the ABO and Rh(D) blood groups have the highest proportion of ABO-B and Rh(D)+Ve and the lowest proportion of ABO-AB and Rh(D)-Ve, with a stable order of B > O > A > AB and D > d for phenotype, IO > IB > IA and ID > Id for allele and BO > OO > AO > AB > BB > AA and DD > Dd > dd for genotype.

Phenotypic and Allelic Frequency of ABO and Rh (D) Blood Group among Whole Blood Donors in a Teaching Hospital of Chhattisgarh

Background: ABO and Rh (D) blood groups are the most important in blood transfusion and are determined genetically. Although these blood groups are common to all humans, there is variation in their allelic frequency based on region and population. This study was performed to determine the allelic frequency of ABO & Rh (D) in the donor population in the Blood Center of Chhattisgarh located in Central India.
 Place and Duration of Study: It is a cross-sectional study performed in the Department of Transfusion Medicine & Blood Bank of a teaching hospital from July 2021-February 2022.
 Methodology: Only the accepted whole blood donors were included. ABO & Rh (D) blood grouping was performed by conventional tube technique and their allelic frequency was determined. We studied 4078 whole blood donors out of which 4055 were males and 23 were females.
 Results: Phenotypic frequency of ABO blood group system was O>B>A>AB. Rh (D) positive was more prevalent than Rh (D) negative. Allele frequency of ABO system was 0.1545 for IA, 0.2351 for IB, and 0.6105 for IO. In Rh system, allele frequency of ID was 0.8441 and Id was 0.1559.
 Conclusion: Phenotypic & allelic frequency of ABO & Rh (D) shows heterogeneous distribution in different parts of the world. Our study showed blood group O & allele IO as the most common. This data is of utmost importance in the planning of transfusion services, especially during a healthcare crisis in low-resource area like ours.

Frequency of ABO and Rh-D blood groups in cervical cancer

There is much evidence that the ABO blood group system may play a role in the pathogenesis of the disease. The relationship between ABO and Rhesus blood groups and cancer risk has been demonstrated in many research works. However, concerning gynaecological malignancies, these findings are inconsistent. This study aimed to evaluate the frequency of ABO and Rh-D blood groups in patients with carcinoma cervix. This cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Transfusion Medicine, Department of Gynaecological Oncology and Department of Pathology of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Dhaka. A total of 110 clinically suspected cervical cancer patients were included in this study. Pap smear tests was done in all cases and the patients were divided into case (Pap test positive) and control group (Pap test negative). A total of 55 patients were included in each group. Blood groups (ABO & Rh-D) of all the patients were recorded. A higher number of the patients in the cervical cancer group were multiparous than in the control group. Almost in two-thirds of the population, the age of marriage was <18 years in the cervical cancer group compared to 34.5% in the control group. More than one-third population had “O” blood group in the case group, while it was 31% in the control group. The almost equal number had Rh D+ve in the case and control (92.7% vs. 94.5%). The differences between the blood group and Rh D were not statistically significant between the two groups. Nearly half (40.0%) of the participants had used a hormonal contraceptive in the case and 61.8% in control. The differences in hormonal contraceptives use were statistically significant within the two groups. The distribution of “O” blood group and Rh D +ve cases was found to be higher in patients with cervical cancer than in non-cancer patients although the difference was not statistically significant. BSMMU J 2022; 15(2): 70-74

Frequency of ABO and Rhesus blood groups among blood donors of the Twin cities

More than 20 distinct blood group systems have been characterized; but the ABO and Rh blood groups remain the most important. The frequencies exhibit considerable variation in different geographic locations, reflecting the underlying genetic and ethnic diversity of the human population. The primary objective to carry out this study was to explore the frequency of ABO and Rh blood groups among the donors in the region of Islamabad and Rawalpindi, Pakistan. This cross-sectional study was carried out in the twin cities of Rawalpindi and Islamabad including data from 6th April 2019 to 15th September 2019. Data were collected retrospectively from the records of donors of all the registered blood banks in the mentioned localities during the last 5 years. Informed consent was gained and a total of 46363 participants were included with 25030 males and 21333 females. All participants were selected without any bias via the online patient record of the blood banks. All blood groups were identified using the slide agglutination method with commercially prepared anti-sera. The frequency of each blood group in order of its prevalence was found to be: B +ive (31.8%) > O +ive (28.5%) > A +ive (22.1%) > AB +ive (9%) > B -ive (3%) > O -ive (2.5%) > A -ive (2.1%) > AB -ive (0.9%). Overall blood group B +ive was the most common blood group, and Rh +ive groups were generally more common than Rh -ive blood groups. The results of our study provide useful data regarding frequencies of ABO and Rhesus blood groups among blood donors of the twin cities. It will in the future help create an inventory of blood banks, study disease patterns, and heredity in this region.

A Retrospective Study: ABO and Rh Phenotype Blood Group Distribution Amongst Different Types of Craniosynostosis Patients

Background: Craniosynostosis refers to the premature fusion of cranial sutures. Premature closure can impair brain development and cognitive problems. Only available treatment of craniosynostosis is through surgical intervention which is associated with excessive blood loss. Objectives: In this study, we investigate the prevalence of each ABO/Rh blood group amongst patients with different types of craniosynostosis. Methods: We included 163 patients, under craniosynostosis treatment, in Imam Hossein children’s hospital at Isfahan, Iran. A retrospective analysis was performed and the frequency of blood groups as well as types of craniosynostosis were reported. Moreover, the connection between ABO/Rh blood groups and the types of craniosynostosis was examined by chi-square test. Results: Of 163 cases reviewed; The majority of participants had blood group A positive (32.5%), followed by O positive (31.3%). The rest of the blood groups were reported in order: B positive (22.1%), B negative (4.9%), AB positive (4.3%), O negative (2.5%), A negative (1.8%), AB negative (0.6%). Also, the most common type of craniosynostosis was metopic (27%) and the other types were pansynostosis (23.9%), sagittal (21.5%), coronal (16.6%), multisuture (10.4%) and lambdoid (0.6%) respectively. Due to connection between ABO/Rh blood groups and the types of craniosynostosis, no significant relationship was observed. Conclusion: Based on the results of the present study, it was found that the frequency of ABO blood groups in children with craniosynostosis can be different from the population of the same area. Also, the ratio of different types of craniosynostosis was different from previous data.