Frame Of Theory Research Articles

Series Active Power Filter for Power Quality Improvement

The paper discusses the theoretical framework and operating principles of the SAPF, including its control strategies based on instantaneous reactive power theory and synchronous reference frame theory. The design criteria for the SAPF components, such as the voltage source inverter, DC link capacitor, and coupling transformer, are also elaborated to ensure optimal performance. Simulation studies using MATLAB/Simulink are conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed SAPF under various power quality disturbance scenarios. The results demonstrate that the SAPF effectively compensates for voltage sags, swells, and harmonics, maintaining voltage stability and reducing total harmonic distortion (THD) to within acceptable standards. Additionally, a prototype of the SAPF is developed and tested in a laboratory environment, confirming the simulation results and showcasing the practical feasibility of the solution. The study concludes that the Series Active Power Filter is a robust and versatile solution for power quality improvement in modern electrical distribution systems. Future work may involve exploring hybrid configurations combining series and parallel active filters for comprehensive power quality management and the development of advanced control algorithms for enhanced performance under dynamic load conditions.

Discursive strategies of framing in Nigerian and South African headlines on xenophobic violence

: This article examines the frames built in Nigerian and South African newspaper headlines and the linguistic strategies by which they are characterised. Sixty headlines (thirty from three Nigerian newspapers – Vanguard, DailyTrust, The Sun, and thirty from three South African newspapers – Cape Times News, City Press, SowetanLIVE) on South African xenophobic violence, published between February 2017 and October 2019, were purposively sampled and analysed using insights from frame theory and critical discourse analysis. Three frames were noticed: ‘South African government as not able to check xenophobic violence’ (co-constructed by both Nigerian and South African headlines); ‘South Africans as not able to accommodate immigrant competitors’ (by Nigerian headlines); and ‘Immigration control as a means of checking xenophobia’ (by South African headlines). Frame One is typified by topoi (with lexical choices, and structural opposition) and perspectivisation (with epistemic modality and presupposition). The second is marked by intensification (with aggregation and metaphorisation) and prediction (with evaluative nouns and thematisation). The third is indexed by the topos of immigration control (with specialised vocabulary items) and predication (with emotive metaphors/adjectives and rhetorical questions). Aside from the significant addition made to media studies on xenophobia, the article sheds additional light on the often-neglected role of the media in shaping people’s ideological outlooks.

Exploring the Persuasiveness of Valenced Fake News: A Construal-Level Theory Perspective

This study explores how fake news messages impact readers’ perceptions of credibility. By combining valenced framing and construal-level theory, the research examines how temporal, spatial, and mental construal dimensions can moderate the relationship between fake news and credibility. A quantitative method was adopted, applying repeated-measures ANOVA analysis. To measure framing effects, 16 negative and 16 positive fake news stories about China were selected from the fact-checking database of Snopes.com. The respondents were chosen from students in the northwestern part of Russia and Hungary, due to the proximity of these countries to China. The results indicate that valenced fake news can be more persuasive when evaluating credibility for proximal events rather than for distant ones. Additionally, negative fake news that contains concrete information is found to be more influential on perceptions of believability. The study suggests that the level of credibility is significantly affected by the interplay between the type of valenced fake news frame and how concrete and abstract information is presented in the message. Furthermore, the implications and future research directions in the field of fake news are discussed.

Characterization and Construction of Approximate Q-Oblique Dual g-Frames

Due to its significance in reconstructing signals, the theory of dual frames has attracted the interest of many mathematicians. In this paper, we introduce the concept of approximate Q-oblique dual g-frames. We characterize the approximate Q-oblique dual g-frames of an arbitrarily given g-frame; present a method for constructing approximate Q-oblique dual g-frame pairs that have better approximation from a given approximate Q-oblique dual g-frame pair; and investigate the stability of approximate Q-oblique dual g-frame pairs under the analysis, synthesis and frame operator-perturbation, the gap-perturbation, and the l 2 operator portrait-perturbation. Finally, as an application of the above results, we obtain some new results on usual frames which cover some existing results.

Attitudes Toward Hispanic Immigrants and Immigration Policies in the United States: Exploring the Roles of Age and Framing Through a Survey Experiment

Hispanic immigrants are the largest immigrant group in the United States. However, conflicting immigration attitudes have stalemated efforts to develop more systematic and effective policies to better incorporate them. Guided by age stratification theory and framing theory, the present study examined the roles of age and framing in attitudes toward Hispanic immigrants and immigration policies. We used an experimental design to embed survey questions in the RAND American Life Panel ( n = 694). Before answering the questions, respondents were randomly assigned to one of three brief priming statements that described Hispanic immigrants using a conservative, progressive, or no framing. We performed bivariate analyses and multivariate regressions to examine how age and framing are associated with attitudes toward Hispanic immigrants and immigration policies, and conducted post hoc comparisons to determine the interactions between age and framing. We found that at the bivariate level, compared to younger people, middle-aged and older people had less supportive attitudes toward Hispanic immigrants and immigration policies; there was no difference in immigration attitudes by framing. After controlling for covariates, we found that compared to younger people, middle-aged were less supportive of immigrants, and both middle-aged and older adults were less supportive of immigration policies; conservative framing was associated with a more negative attitude toward immigration policies. Framing moderated differences in immigration attitudes by age, with different age groups tending to be responsive to different framing statements. The study highlights age as a significant factor in affecting immigration attitudes, and demonstrates the potential of using framing to influence immigration attitudes for different age groups.

News Framing of the 2022 Russian-Ukrainian Conflict: A Comparative Analysis of CNN (USA) and CCTV (China) from a War and Peace Journalism Perspective

Framing analysis is a widely employed method for examining multiple narratives in media reporting to investigate potential political orientations and possible influences on viewers. However, there has been a lack of extensive investigation into the 2022 Russian-Ukrainian Conflict, specifically regarding the analysis of Western and Eastern media coverage from a war journalism and peace journalism perspective. To fill this vacancy, this study applied the Framing theory and the peace journalism model developed by Lee & Maslog (2005) to identify multiple strategies related to the themes, sources and war/peace journalism applied by CNN for America and CCTV for China. Analysing how CNN and CCTV present the conflict from WJ/PJ perspectives helps to facilitate an understanding of how two different media systems might shape their respective audiences’ perceptions according to different ideologies. The findings revealed that CNN mainly focused on “Humanitarian Crisis and Civilian Impacts” and “Military Operations and Strategic”, whereas CCTV predominantly centred on the themes of “Military Operations and Strategic” and “Political Reactions and Stances”. Additionally, CNN’s coverage overwhelmingly relies on Ukrainian sources and international voices, while CCTV is significantly centred on Russian sources and also includes considerable Ukrainian voices. Finally, CNN and CCTV both use a war journalism frame, but CCTV’s use of a peace journalism frame is slightly higher than CNN’s. This study displays similarities and differences in portraying international conflicts to diverse viewers, offering valuable insights into how Western and Eastern media influence perceptions of worldwide conflicts.

Engaging with Second Chances: How Familiarity, Stigma, and Media Exposure Shape Public Attitudes towards Ex-Prisoner-Focused Social Enterprises

Social enterprises provide an effective method for tackling various social problems, including ex-prisoners in the domains of rehabilitation, reintegration, and the reduction of repeat offenses. While this business model is prevalent in other countries, it remains uncommon in Malaysia. This study aims to uncover the issue from the public perspective. Specifically, the objective of this study is to investigate the effects of familiarity with social enterprise models, stigmatization, and incidental news exposure on public attitudes towards ex-prisoner-focused social enterprise. Underpinned by Mere Exposure Effect Theory, Social Identity Theory, and Media Framing Theory, five hypotheses were developed and tested using partial least squares structural equation modelling on 139 cases. Results showed that familiarity with social enterprise models, stigmatization, and incidental news exposure significantly predict attitudes towards ex-prisoner-focused social enterprise. However, the moderation role of familiarity with social enterprise models was not supported for the relationship between incidental news exposure and attitudes towards ex-prisoner-focused social enterprise, and when it interacts with stigmatization. These findings contribute to the understanding of how media exposure, social stigmatization, and personal familiarity shape public perceptions of social enterprises that focus on ex-prisoner rehabilitation. The study highlights the need for targeted strategies to reduce stigmatization and leverage incidental media exposure to foster more supportive attitudes towards social enterprises that assist ex-prisoners.

Framing in media and communication studies: A bibliometric analysis

This paper presents a comprehensive bibliometric analysis of framing and frame theory in media and communication studies, utilizing Web of Science (WOS) data from 2014 to 2023. Framing, as a critical concept in media discourse, shapes public perception by highlighting specific aspects of information while downplaying others. Despite its central role in political communication, news framing, and social media research, there is a notable gap in better incorporating linguistic perspectives, particularly metaphor framing, within the existing literature. Using VOSviewer, this study analyzes co-occurrence networks and thematic clusters to map the evolving landscape of framing research. The results reveal key areas of focus, including political communication, science communication, and identity politics on social media platforms, while also highlighting the underrepresentation of linguistic approaches. This analysis not only identifies influential authors and institutions but also underscores the need for further integrating cognitive linguistic theories, such as metaphor framing, to deepen our understanding of how media discourse constructs reality. The paper concludes by suggesting directions for future research, calling for more interdisciplinary studies to explore the complex mechanisms underlying media framing.

Discourse Strategy Analysis on English Translation of Modern Chinese Essays Based on Framing Theory

The English translation of modern Chinese essays provides a platform for the world to showcase the Chinese spirit. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct in-depth research on the underlying discourse strategies of the English translation of modern Chinese essays. Based on the framing theory proposed by Lakoff, this study adopts a combination of qualitative and quantitative methods to analyze surface frames and deep frames of the English translation of modern Chinese essays. Analyses show that among a total of 1074 metaphorical words, there exist four main metaphorical surface frames: people frame, nature frame, journey frame and object frame. These surface frames activate four deep frames: the pursuit of personal qualities, nostalgia for hometown and family, criticism of social reality and the struggle for the country. This study provides a new application perspective and promotes future research on the English translation of modern Chinese essays, and could help readers to interpret the main values embodied in Selected Modern Chinese Essays 1, enhancing their understanding and appreciation of these literary works.

Weaving The Fabric of True Korean Through Media Exposure Among Youth in Korea

Objective: This research aims to identify distinct perception typologies of national identity among Korean adolescents, focusing on the interplay of ancestral ties, cultural heritage, birthplace, residence, and civic responsibilities. It also examines the role of media portrayals of foreigners in shaping these identity constructs. Theoretical Framework: Guided by Anderson’s “imagined communities” concept, the study employs media framing and priming theories to explore how media influences adolescent perceptions of national identity. Method: Utilizing data from the 2021 Multicultural Acceptance Survey conducted by the Ministry of Gender Equality and Family, this study applies latent class analysis to assess responses from 5,000 Korean middle and high school students. The survey includes factors such as ancestry, cultural heritage, and civic engagement, with media exposure to foreign volunteers and criminals rated on a five-point Likert scale. Latent regression analysis incorporates media exposure as covariates to evaluate effects on identity formation. Results and Discussion: Five perception types emerge—Ethnic, Pluralistic, Civic, Cultural, and Holistic identities. Media portrayals significantly influence Civic and Pluralistic identities, underscoring media’s formative role in adolescent identity perception. Research Implications: The findings offer insights for multicultural education and identity policy, supporting frameworks that acknowledge diverse youth identities. Originality/Value: This study provides a unique contribution by focusing on adolescents and using latent class analysis for a nuanced understanding of national identity perception types. It further underscores the influential role of media in shaping youth identity, contributing to both media studies and identity policy discourse.

The Effect of Media Framing on Public Perception of Political Financing in Kisii County, Kenya

Political financing involves using financial resources to influence the political process and election dimension. The media has been at the forefront of shaping how the public perceives political financing and attitudes. The aim of political financing is to balance the imperative of maintaining fairness and integrity in a political process aimed at gaining the trust of the voters. The current study therefore seeks to examine the effect of media framing on political financing in Kisii County, Kenya. The study objectives were; to assess the media definitions of the use of Money for Political activities in Kisii County, Kenya; to explore the communicative framing patterns that influence political financing in Kisii, County, Kenya; to examine media proposals on strategies used by politicians to finance in their political campaigns in Kisii County; to assess the implication of media framing on political financing in Kisii County, Kenya. The study was anchored on the agenda-setting theory, cultivation theory and framing theory. The current study employed a descriptive research design which accommodate both quantitative and quantitative data to carry out this study. The target population, were total of 155 respondents including ({(Governor (1), MPs (9), MCAs (45), two members of the community from each of the 45 wards (90), and media personnel operating within the county (8)). The study employed a purposive sampling technique, given that the data required is based on the specific respondent. Additionally, given the small target population of 155 respondents the study employed census method. The study employed both a structured questionnaire for quantitative data collection and interview schedule qualitative data. Quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive analysis and inferential statistics while for qualitative analysis study used thematic analysis and findings presented in terms of tables, charts and graphs as well as quotes from your participants respectively. The results of the regression analysis reveal that all the media-related factors examined have a positive and statistically significant impact on political financing in Kisii County. The unstandardized beta coefficients indicate that the Implication of Media Framing has the largest effect on political financing (0.297), followed by the Media Definition of Politician’s Use of Finance for Political Gain (0.347). The Communicative Framing Patterns Used by Media and the Media Proposal on Strategies Used also have depicted a positive influence, with coefficients of 0.109 and 0.231, respectively. In conclusion, the findings underscore the central role of media in shaping political financing in Kisii County. The study recommended that media outlets in Kisii County adopt more transparent and informative framing when discussing political financing.

Policy Framing, Social Networks, and Teacher Perspectives in a Technology Rollout

Drawing on theories of framing and social networks, we examine how educators define policy goals in a technology rollout, and how this framing process shapes teacher attitudes for technology. We analyzed social network data and 37 interviews with district leaders, digital learning coaches, and school staff from six elementary schools in a mid-sized district in California. These data suggest that school leaders and teachers re-framed district reform messages in different ways depending on the density of dialogue in their networks and who had social influence. These framings supported teacher motivation for using technology in ways that aligned to or built upon the district's instructional goals, or prompted teachers to resist change and/or make compliance-oriented and superficial shifts in their practice. We argue that district leaders should attend to school context when implementing technology rollouts and proactively engage school actors to define the goals of technology. We caution that technology rollouts demand sudden and intensive shifts in teacher work roles and can foster resistance to change without adequate time and support.

A Comparative Study of Frame Construction in Chinese and Western English News Headline - with the Murder Case of a Junior High School Student in Handan, Hebei as an Example

Based on framing theory and appraisal theory, this paper explores how headlines in English reports from both China and Western Countries shape audiences’ perceptions and opinions. It compares the differences in the frames of 44 reports on the murder case of a junior high school student in Handan City, Hebei Province at three levels: high, medium, and low. The high-level frame analysis includes news type, length, presentation, and source. Medium-level frame analysis centers on the use of different structures, including main events, previous events, history, results, impact, attribution, and evaluation. The low-level frame study analyzes categories and evaluative resources of the headlines. Significant differences are found between the reports by Chinese media and foreign media mainly in their presentation, sources, medium-level structures, and headline categories.

Dynamic Simulation and Analysis of Three Phase Induction Motor for Faults Detection using Matlab/Simulink

The dynamic simulation of three-phase induction motors under fault conditions is essential for understanding and mitigating the impacts of electrical faults on motor performance. This study aims to simulate and analyze the impact of electrical faults on three-phase induction motors to improve fault detection and isolation strategies. Utilizing MATLAB/Simulink software, the behavior of three-phase induction motors under both symmetrical and unsymmetrical faults is modeled and analyzed. The motor’s baseline parameters, include 3 Amps rated power and speed of 1500 RPM. Symmetrical faults, such as line-to-line-to-line (L-L-L), and unsymmetrical faults, like single-phase to ground faults, were simulated to observe their effects on motor operation. The d-q model was used to simulate motor dynamics, employing a block model approach to resolve reference frame theory issues. Major parameters analyzed include rotor speed, electromagnetic torque, and stator current. Through detailed simulations, key performance indicators such as torque fluctuations, current spikes, and decreases in rotor speed are examined. At 1.5 seconds, when the fault was introduced, the rotor speed, electromagnetic torque, and stator current were all affected. For instance, during a symmetrical fault, the rotor speed dropped from 1500 RPM to 1200 RPM, electromagnetic torque declined to -12 Nm, and the stator current increased to 7 Amps from the rated 3 Amps. Under an unsymmetrical single-phase-to-ground fault at the same instant, rotor speed decreased from 1500 RPM to 1400 RPM, electromagnetic torque declined to -12 Nm with greater distortion, and the stator current in the affected phases rose to 7 Amps from the rated 3 Amps. These results underscore the importance of robust fault detection and isolation mechanisms to enhance motor reliability and longevity. This work significantly contributes to engineering by offering validated simulation models and insights into parameter sensitivity, serving as both an educational resource and a foundation for advanced fault detection system development. The findings are applicable in academic research and industrial contexts, providing guidance for improving motor design and fault management strategies.

Comparative analysis of theories accounting for quantum effects in plasmonic nanoparticles

Understanding and accounting for quantum effects in nanoplasmonics is essential for accurate modeling and design of nanophotonic devices. In this paper, we investigate the influence of such quantum effects as spatial nonlocality and splitting of the wave function of conduction electrons near the surface of plasmonic nanoparticles on the extinction cross-section and the field enhancement factor. We apply the theory of generalized nonlocal optical response (GNOR) to describe the spatial nonlocality of noble metal particles. To consider the behavior of electrons near the metal–dielectric interface, mesoscopic boundary conditions are used, including the surface response functions (SRF) - the Feibelman parameters. We use the discrete source method (DSM), allowing for numerical analysis of the scattering problems taking into account quantum effects in the frame of both theories. The application of both GNOR and SRF approaches leads to a decrease in the amplitude of the plasmon resonance compared to the classical Maxwell theory and its shift to the shorter wavelength region (blue shift). The simulation results demonstrate significant differences between the two theories explaining the quantum effects arising in non-spherical plasmonic nanoparticles located in a dense environment. Specifically, compared with GNOR theory, SRF predicts a larger field enhancement. We found that quantum nonlocal effects are more significant for the enhancement factor at the particle surface than for the extinction cross-section. In addition, it was discovered that a denser environment leads to a significant increase in the blue shift of the plasmonic peak.

Audience Perceptions on Online Radio Platforms: A Case of University Students in Nyanza Region, Kenya

The purpose of this study was to examine audience perceptions of online radio platforms among university students in the Nyanza region. The study’s objectives included assessing audience perception of the programming of online radio platforms among university students in the Nyanza region, evaluating audience perception of signal reception of online radio platforms among university students in the Nyanza region, investigating audience perception of programs aired on online radio platforms among university students in the Nyanza region, and analyzing audience perception of program presentation of online radio platforms among university students in the Nyanza region. This study was underpinned by the framing theory and the agenda-setting theory. The research employed a descriptive research design. The target population was 872 media studies undergraduate students in six universities in the Nyanza region. Stratified random sampling was utilized to select 274 students in each of the universities. Data were collected through semi-structured questionnaires, and a pilot study was conducted at Rongo University. The study used questionnaires for accuracy and consistency, and data were cleaned and analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences software. Descriptive statistics were employed to examine audience perception of online radio platforms. A thematic analysis approach was used to identify recurring themes and to explore participants' perspectives. Data were presented using graphs, pie charts, and tables. Findings revealed that online radio provided higher quality programming compared to traditional radio. Results indicated that signal reception on online radio platforms was consistently reliable. According to the findings, programs aired on online radio platforms were engaging and interesting. Results indicated that the presentation style of programs on online radio platforms was professional. The study concludes that diverse and high-quality content on online radio platforms caters to varied interests, offering clear audio and stable listening experiences. Engaging and well-structured programs meet entertainment needs, recommending the development of new genres, topics, and formats to stay relevant. Quality programming, optimized scheduling, and innovative content delivery methods are essential for maintaining listener satisfaction and competitiveness in the media industry.

Framing theory insights: the co-existence of frame coupling and frame mirroring in social media and online news about a disaster-affected destination

ABSTRACT Through the lens of framing theory, this paper explores social media and news media online narratives about a destination affected by a natural disaster. It presents original insights into the co-existence of frame coupling and frame mirroring in online content. Online news media, and local and overseas social media user-generated content (UGC) was examined. The aim of such triangulation of data, was to understand how different online sources framed the destination in the context of the disaster. 24,985 Twitter (now X) posts were sourced using Salesforce Social Studio and 1,248 online news media articles from Factiva. Leximancer-driven thematic analysis via data visualisation was used to explore the data. This study is the first to show the interplay of frame coupling and frame mirroring of a disaster-affected destination. It also uncovers the existence of online brand advocacy (OBA) in online framing. Our findings emphasise the importance of social media UGC in defending a destination brand, spreading positivity and activism during a disaster, and this has clear implications for the tourism industry, specifically marketing professionals.

De-ethnicizing Ethiopian higher education leadership: the quest for merit-based governance

Background This study examines the growing trend of ethnicized leadership in Ethiopian higher education institutions and advocates for a shift toward merit-based governance to improve institutional integrity and performance. Since 1991, with the introduction of ethnic federalism, leadership appointments in Ethiopian universities have increasingly been based on ethnic identity rather than qualifications. This has led to governance challenges, weakened academic standards, and reduced institutional efficiency. The study highlights the need for governance reforms prioritizing meritocracy to enhance the quality and sustainability of Ethiopia’s ethnically diverse higher education system. Methods The study utilizes a qualitative research approach, combining both primary and secondary data. Primary data were collected through semi-structured interviews with university administrators, faculty, and governance experts, while secondary data were gathered from institutional reports, government policies, and academic literature. Institutional theory, principal-agent theory, and meritocratic theory frame the analysis, providing insights into how ethnic-based leadership appointments affect university governance and performance. Results The findings reveal that ethnicized leadership has eroded governance structures, lowered academic quality, and compromised institutional efficiency. Leadership appointments based on ethnicity rather than merit have led to poor decision-making, weakened accountability, and reduced transparency. In contrast, merit-based governance improves accountability, decision-making, and institutional performance. The study emphasizes that transitioning to a meritocratic leadership model is vital for restoring institutional integrity and academic excellence in Ethiopian universities. Conclusions Ethnic federalism, while initially designed to empower regions, has politicized federal institutions, including universities, reducing them to regional entities rather than national institutions. This system of ethnicized leadership has fostered a culture of favoritism, rampant corruption, and ineffective governance, ultimately weakening Ethiopia’s higher education system. Recommendations Governance reforms that prioritize merit-based appointments are urgently needed. Legal reforms, transparent leadership selection processes, depoliticization efforts, and capacity-building initiatives are recommended to foster a meritocratic culture and improve institutional performance in Ethiopian universities.

Quantitative Measurements of the Effect of Framing and Social Closeness on Decision Making

According to prospect theory of framing, people's decisions are influenced by the potential outcomes themselves and how those outcomes are framed. In our study we investigated if social closeness would influence people in the same way and if it has an increased impact when used in combination with framing. We hypothesized that if the message is in gain-frame, then the potential donors, participants, will be more willing to donate, and if the potential donor and the recipient have a close relationship, then the donor will show higher willingness to donate. Furthermore, it is hypothesized that there will be an interaction effect between message framing and social closeness on willingness to donate. Participants (N = 1539) were randomly assigned to two different types of survey, one in a gain frame and other one in a loss frame. Social closeness was manipulated into two levels, close family member and close friend, and participants were again randomly assigned to two different types, with one asking to give the name of their close friend, and the other one asking to give the name of their close family member. Framing and social closeness both had effects on participants' decision making, however, unlike our hypothesis, did not have a combined effect. Our results imply that individuals may process information about framing and their social relations separately when deciding on donating. The cognitive process involved in this kind of decision making may require two separate processes for evaluating framing and social closeness, respectively.

New Properties of Frames

Let H be a finite-dimentional complex Hilbert space and l2(H) is the space of square summable sequences in H. We will give a new characterization of a frame for H, we give our definition of a frame for the Hilbert space l2(H), we also define and give the properties of the frame operator. We equally show that our definition is equivalent to the definition of a frame for the Hilbert space H. Finally, we give a way to construct frames for l2(Hn) from frames for l2(Hp) such that p<n via fusion frame theory.