Framework Of Public-private Partnership Research Articles

Decision framework for public-private partnership in agricultural commodities

Public-private partnerships are critical to advancing sustainability in the agricultural sector and increasing global food security. Partnerships are a means of increasing productivity and encouraging growth in the agricultural sector. The Partnership encourages private sector participation to reduce risks that occur in the agricultural sector. The aim of this research is to understand how supply chains are configured, to identify drivers of supply chain partnerships and to synthesize partnership strategies. Currently, agricultural areas in East Java are trying to build sustainable partnerships to improve farmers’ abilities in managing the agricultural sector. By using data from surveys and observations of 50 private companies and 50 farmers spread across the research object locations, it was found that there was quite a significant interaction between intensive coordination, partnership quality, quantity and quality of partners. The mechanisms used in partnerships can encourage sustainable agricultural management. It is hoped that the implementation of these findings can encourage partnerships between the private sector and the public sector to achieve significant development. It is hoped that this partnership can play an important role in addressing agricultural problems. Partnerships are formed to create shared values in the form of an institutional framework to address the root of problems.

Marketing of art spaces: essence, characteristics, prospects

The article studies the peculiarities of promoting art spaces as significant social and cultural objects that act as a locomotive for territorial development, attracting tourists and involving the population in cultural activities. Theoretical approaches to the marketing of art objects and art industry have been analyzed. The key functions of art spaces have been studied. It is proved that art spaces marketing has a more complex structure due to the promotion object multifunctionality than art objects marketing. The author’s art space marketing communication model has been proposed. It is based on the art spaces functions for visitors, sponsors, partners, and government agencies. This model allows differentiating targeted marketing communications for each audience, based on the functions and needs of target groups and partners. Unlike art marketing, art spaces marketing implies a complex communication with target audiences, which includes historical social and cultural, territorial, tourist, socialization, and other aspects of art space. The article substantiates the position that art space cannot be only a commercial project, but due to its social and cultural aspects should perform socialization tasks for young people. Hence, there is a need for legal regulation of art spaces in the public-private partnership framework. This requirement introduces its own adjustments in the marketing communications construction.

Private and public interests as factors in the effectiveness of public-private partnership

Cooperation carried out within the framework of public-private partnerships is characterized by high risks of dishonest behavior of the parties to the agreement. The circumstances that encourage dishonest behavior of the state and private partners are considered. The stages of implementation of public-private partnership projects have been established, at which the risk of dishonest behavior is the highest. Recommendations aimed at minimizing such risks are proposed. It is concluded that it is necessary to increase the transparency of ongoing procedures, expand the parameters taken into account and controlled when making decisions within the framework of public-private partnerships, the importance of detailed documentation of the facts of economic life and attract public attention to public-private partnerships.

Public-private partnerships and impact investing

This paper investigates the application of Impact investing within the framework of Public-Private Partnerships (PPPs) as exemplified on the case study of Treviso. Impact investing represents one the possible tools that can help with combining financial sources and expertise. Utilizing a case study methodology, this paper delves into the dynamics, challenges, and outcomes of this partnership model and the importance of these pioneering projects for future collaborations.

Reviving Public Service Delivery at the Grassroots through Public-Private Partnership in Nigeria’s Fourth Republic

The paper examines the performance of local governments in Nigeria with special reference to their service delivery responsibilities. Local government is described as a veritable instrument of socio-economic development at the grassroots and it was for this purpose that it became constitutionally recognised as a level of government through the 1976 Local Government Reform. However, the capacity of the Nigerian local governments to carry out responsibilities assigned to them has been jaundiced by the unbridled attack on their finances by higher public authorities, particularly state governments. Specifically, local governments’ share of revenue from the federation account and other sources of revenue have regrettably been annexed by the state governments, thereby reducing local authorities to governments on papers only. Using the secondary sources of data, the article examines how local government service delivery responsibilities can be resuscitated through the Public-Private Partnership (PPP) arrangement. The paper revealed general absence of standard framework for the adoption of PPP to tap into the available huge private investment for public service delivery at the grassroots. The paper recommends active collaboration of the stakeholders in grassroots development toward developing a standard framework for PPP to restore the status of Nigerian local governments as primary providers of public services.

Impact of emotions on the behavioral strategies of PPP project stakeholders: an RDEU evolutionary game analysis

PurposeEmotions, understood as evolving mental states, are pivotal in shaping individuals“' decision-making, especially in ambiguous information evaluation, probability estimation of events, and causality analysis. Public–private partnership (PPP) projects represent a confluence of “economic–environmental–social” dimensions, wherein stakeholder behavior follows the sequential progression of “cognition–emotion–action.” Consequently, comprehending the effects of emotional shifts on stakeholder's decision-making processes is vital to fostering the sustainability of PPP projects.Design/methodology/approachThe paper utilizes rank-dependent expected utility and evolutionary game theory to systematically examine the influence of emotional factors on stakeholders' behavior and decision-making processes within PPP projects. The paper integrates three emotional state functions—optimism, pessimism and rationality—into the PPP framework, highlighting the intricate interactions among the government, private sector, surrounding public and the media. Furthermore, the paper amalgamates the evolutionary pathways of environmental rights incidents with the media's role. Through equilibrium analysis and numerical simulation, the paper delves into the diverse interplay of emotions across different phases of the environmental rights incident, assessing the impact of these emotions on the evolutionary game's equilibrium results.FindingsEmotions significantly influence the microlevel decisions of PPP stakeholders, adapting continually based on event dynamics and media influences. When the private sector demonstrates optimism and the surrounding public leans toward rationality or pessimism, the likelihood of the private sector engaging in speculative behavior escalates, while the surrounding public refrains from adopting a supervisory strategy. Conversely, when the private sector is pessimistic and the public is optimistic, the system fails to evolve a stable strategy. However, when government regulation intensifies, the private sector opts for a nonspeculative strategy, and the surrounding public adopts a supervisory strategy. Under these conditions, the system attains a relatively optimal state of equilibrium.Originality/valueThe paper develops a game model to examine the evolutionary dynamics between the surrounding public and private sectors concerning environmental rights protection in waste incineration PPP projects. It illuminates the nature of the conflicting interests among project participants, delves into the impact of emotional factors on their decision-making processes and offers crucial perspectives for the governance of such partnerships. Furthermore, this paper provides substantive recommendations for emotional oversight to enhance governance efficacy.

Contract law of Albania in the context of public-private partnerships

The significance of the research is underscored by the fact that Albania, as a country in the process of socio- economic development, faces the need to attract specialists for the implementation of infrastructure projects. The research seeks to explore challenges within the realm of public-private partnerships concerning contract law in Albania and to propose constructive avenues for enhancement. The methods employed in this endeavor encompassed systematisation, logical analysis, concretisation, and generalisation, along with the application of formal-legal and formal-logical approaches. The investigation analysed modern mechanisms of legal regulation in the system of public-private partnerships. Problems, including compliance with free market principles, ensuring competition and high quality of public services, have been identified. Specific steps are proposed to address them: strengthening internal control in contract awarding procedures, updating legislation with a focus on maintaining market freedom and competition, assessing, and sharing risks between the private and public sectors, and actively engaging stakeholders. The recommendations aim at organic implementation, considering the interests of all stakeholders. In addition, it is suggested that changes in the justice system should stably take place, considering the stability of the overall system. The study also delved into analysing the existing views and concepts of scholars on the subject matter. Examining various perspectives has facilitated a more profound comprehension of the intricacies surrounding the phenomenon and potential avenues for enhancing contract law in Albania within the framework of public-private partnerships. The outcomes of this research possess the potential to provide valuable insights for the formulation of effective legal measures governing contract law in the context of public-private partnerships in Albania

Monetary Incentives of Tax Whistleblower Programs: On Their Design and Implementation

The instant contribution discusses the monetary incentives established in tax whistleblower programs. The latter have been already designed and implemented in some developed OECD countries. Tax policy makers in Bulgaria are also considering mandatory awards for whistleblowers from proceeds collected from evaded taxes and/or social security contributions. However, the monetary incentives built-in to a possible tax whistleblower program have sparked controversy in Bulgaria, a country with past experience in whistleblowing due mainly to political and/or ideological reasons. Nevertheless, tax evasion is widespread in this country with a tax gap of BGN 2,0 -2,2 billion. Therefore, in order to improve tax compliance and collection, a tax whistleblowing program in Bulgaria should be considered and designed with regard to the public-private partnership framework. It has been also suggested in this paper that the awards paid by the tax authority to the whistleblowers in Bulgaria should be exempt from personal income taxation. The whistleblower program in this country may become a productive, although non-conventional tool for tax policy, given that its monetary incentives are aligned with the recommendations of the international good practice.

Public-private partnership as a tool to foster business innovation activities in the digital technologies field

The unprecedented sanctions imposed against Russia included restrictions on the supply of high-tech products and services have updated issues of ensuring the technological independence of Russia in the digital technologies field by increasing private sector involvement in innovation processes and relying on our own developments. Cooperation between the public and private sectors within the framework of public-private partnership (PPP) can become an effective tool for achieving this goal. The article analyses United States experience in use of PPPs in the digital technologies field as well as Russian practice of using this mechanism to foster business innovation activities. Analyzing specific PPP mechanisms (models), the author identifies their key features, which determine the possibilities of their application in the development and implementation of government-business cooperation projects in the digital technologies field. It is concluded that, unlike the United States, the leading country in digital development, PPP models are not used enough in Russia, which is explained, among other things, by the presence of administrative and legal barriers as well as problems with goal-setting.

Государство и иерархии: особенности взаимодействия в форме ГЧП

The participation of the state as an economic agent in the institutional structures that ensure the exchange of assets determines the specific features of their organization in the form of a public-private partnership (PPP). Within the framework of PPP, alternative forms of cooperation between the state and private business regard-ing the production of public goods are integrated: quasi-market organization, hierarchical and hybrid. The arti-cle is devoted to the analysis of the forms of organization of transactions based on PPP as an institutionaliza-tion of the possibilities of reducing transaction costs based on the exchange of property rights. The methodo-logical basis of the study was the main provisions and developments in the field of institutional economic theo-ry, the theory of property rights and the theory of public goods. The methods of work included a positive and normative analysis of the transactions of the hierarchical organization of private business and the state regard-ing the production of public goods. The analysis showed that the variety of PPP forms that implement this part-nership can be viewed as a function of changes in relative differences in the levels and structure of transaction costs. The results of the study contribute to the understanding of the specificity of the state’s position as an agency for the specification and protection of property rights within PPPs organized in the form of hierarchies.

Государственно-частное партнерство в предупреждении совершения новых преступлений в местах лишения свободы (на примере общественно опасных деяний экстремистской направленности)

The article presents the author’s vision of the role of public-private partnership in preventing the commission of new crimes in correctional institutions of the Federal Penitentiary Service of Russia on the example of extremist crimes. The dynamics of the growth of extremist crimes in the period from 2002 to 2022 inclusive is demonstrated. The prevalence of AUE ideology in places of detention is shown. It is noted that the current trend of combating various forms of extremist manifestations is represented in a whole set of regulatory legal acts, the main of which are the federal laws «On countering extremist activity», «On the basics of the system of crime prevention in the Russian Federation», the Strategy of Countering Extremism in the Russian Federation until 2025, the National Security Strategy of the Russian Federation. A study of the main determinants of crimes committed on the basis of motives of hatred or enmity has been conducted. The directions of preventing the commission of new extremist crimes in correctional institutions of the Federal Penitentiary Service of Russia, including within the framework of public-private partnership, are presented.

The Institutional Dimension of Public-Private Partnerships: Governance

Failure to realize governance objectives is considered to be one of the reasons why public-private partnerships have become increasingly controversial and why there have been many negative experiences during the project process. This study examines the relationship between public-private partnerships and governance. In the framework pioneered by international organizations and accepted in the literature, it is possible to eliminate many problems experienced in public-private partnership projects by implementing governance principles. On the other hand, although there are many discussions in the literature on the conceptual basis of governance, there are no studies that address these conceptual debates within the framework of public-private partnerships. It is thought that this deficiency in the literature will also leave the discussions on the present and future of the relationship between public-private partnerships and governance incomplete. The originality of this study is that it evaluates the concept of governance in public-private partnerships and its foundations based on the New Institutional Economics and New Public Management approaches. When the concept is considered together with its foundations, the question of whether governance principles can really be a solution to the problems of public-private partnerships becomes controversial. Although the focus of the study is not on this debate, it aims to open the door to further discussions on the subject.

Public Private Partnership with Chinese Characteristics: A Critical Review and Theoretical Framework

The localization and generalization of the public–private partnership (PPP) is a controversial issue discussed in the research agenda of PPP. China has played a central role in global PPP development in recent years. This study reviews the policy and development of PPP in China through the lens of punctuated-equilibrium theory. A conceptual framework of China-type PPP, including projects, organizations, functions, policies, and governance, is then developed for analysis and interpretation through global comparisons. This study indicates the possibility of a “China model” in PPP due to China’s distinct evolutionary process, characteristics, and representative PPP, but requires further extraction, summarization, and enrichment with sustainable development. In addition, the “China model” will have a potential peer-level value for other emerging markets.

LEGISLATIVE BACKGROUND OF STATE CULTURAL POLICY IN TIME OF WAR

The article deals with the issue of legislative support of the state cultural policy of Ukraine under martial law. The author argues that it is necessary to update the strategic documents regarding cultural policy, in particular the strategy for the development of the cultural sector. The current documents defining the directions of cultural policy are outdated and are not fit for purpose.
 One vital aspect of the ​​legislative support for cultural policy is the creation of a regulatory framework for public-private partnerships in the field of culture. Currently, the level of budget funding has significantly decreased, therefore the use of the potential of public-private partnerships could become an alternative source of financial support for cultural projects. The current state of the regulatory framework of public-private partnerships needs to be tailored to create optimal conditions for attracting private business resources to support cultural projects. Special attention needs to be paid to the creation of a legal basis for philanthropic activity.
 Russia’s large-scale military invasion radically accelerated the consolidation of Ukrainian society and the strengthening of identity values. New structures of socio-cultural identity are being established in Ukrainian society. The author highlights the relevance of the legislative definition of the directions of humanitarian and cultural work, aimed at supporting new trends in the formation of citizens' identity and the development of human potential. In particular, there is a need to implement European values ​​into the structure of sociocultural identity of Ukrainian society.
 Proposals for additions to a number of regulatory and legal acts have been formulated, which will contribute to increasing the effectiveness of cultural policy, attracting private investment in the cultural realm to make up for the lack of budget funding, and forming a socio-cultural identity.

Prospects for Energy Transition to Hydrogen Fuel: Analysis of World Experience and Russian Practice

A significant depletion of natural energy reserves and a sharp rise in its cost of production amidst a civilizational energy crisis, greenhouse gas issue, and increasing energy consumption have called for an urgent and radical change in the global energy agenda. An idea to promote hydrogen as an alternative energy emerges from the global energy transition agenda. In this article, our aim is to assess the prospect of hydrogen, as a potential, environmentally friendly, yet expensive and technological-demanding resource, to be developed globally. The scientific novelty of the research consists in systematizing the world experience and Russian practice of implementing energy efficiency projects within the framework of public-private partnership (PPP), substantiating, and forecasting the prospects for the use of this resource in order to decarbonize the economy and solve environmental problems, as well as determining the main directions of the national energy strategy in Russia. We have developed recommendations to eliminate the identified problems that impede the increase in the energy efficiency of industrial production and operation of facilities. It is concluded that the use of “green” hydrogen obtained with the help of renewable energy sources is promising in solving environmental problems and building a climate-neutral economy characterized by zero greenhouse gas emissions. The results of the work can be useful in well-supporting hydrogen ecosystem.

Enhanced key success indicators of a risk management framework for public-private partnerships smart city projects

Enhanced key success indicators of a risk management framework for public-private partnerships smart city projects

Models, forms and mechanisms of public-private partnership for the creation of competitive enterprises in agricultural sector

Issues and prospects of relations between the state and business have always been in the spotlight. They acquire particular relevance and significance when many sectors of economy need state support. The revision of the principles of agribusiness is fundamentally changing the approach to creating competitive enterprises in agricultural sector. One of the effective mechanisms is public-private partnership (PPP), which has not yet been fully studied, its potential has not been revealed. Successful implementation of PPP projects in grain products subcomplex requires an indepth study, generalization and systematization of the experience of their use by national and foreign companies that have achieved high results in this area. A detailed analysis of the directions for increasing the competitiveness of domestic grain industry, primarily targeted investment in the development of production, is needed. The goal is a comprehensive study of theoretical and methodological foundations for creating models of public-private partnership in the agro-industrial complex. Methods – synthesis, systematization of scientific views to determine the potential of PPP in agriculture. Results – essence and various interpretations of the concept of "public-private partnership" are shown, foreign experience in improving existing and emerging new forms of PPP as an institution for stimulating entrepreneurial activity is considered, the advantages of society, the state and business in the framework of public-private partnership are identified, as well as problems that constrain its development. Conclusions – based on the interpretation of the data, it has been established that discussions on PPP issues in the republic are due to the specifics and high risks in agricultural production, however, in a number of economically developed countries, this type of partnership has proven practical effectiveness and has become an important element in ensuring food security, attracting long-term investments in the agro-industrial complex, increasing its profitability, obtaining high quality products and their availability.

Housing Affordability Issues in Ukraine

The article is dedicated to the analysis of population’s housing provision in Ukraine and its certain regions considering the methodological features of assessing housing affordability indicators, as well as the losses in the housing stock as a result of military invasion. The purpose of the paper is the methodological determination of housing affordability indicator, assessment of its pre-war trend in Ukraine; and determination of an acceptable for modern conditions institutional mechanism for improving housing affordability based on the principle of rent. The novelty of the research is the substantiation of use of permanent housing lease mechanism. These schemes can be implemented at the state and regional levels with the direct participation of investors and local self-government bodies within the framework of public-private partnerships. In the paper the pros and cons of the current mechanisms of housing construction and obtaining are identified; prospective directions and possible financial mechanisms for state housing policy implementation in the current condition of construction industry and population welfare are shown. Research methods are the following: correlational, analog, time series for the analysis of regional differentiation of housing affordability in Ukraine. Housing affordability has become much more complicated due to the need to restore damaged and destroyed dwellings. In view of current situation, prospective dynamics of living area commissioning indicator aimed at bringing the level of housing provision of Ukrainian citizens closer to the indicators of European countries was determined. In the absence of official housing purchase estimates at the national level, the ratio of median cost per square meter of living area to the median wage was used as the housing affordability ratio. The housing affordability ratio for the regions of Ukraine was calculated. According to the generally accepted classification of housing markets by affordability criterion, the purchase of housing in the country is significantly complicated. The correlation between the housing affordability indicator and the living area commissioning indicator was calculated, which was negative and indicated that the regional programs for providing the population with housing are critically unsatisfactory. The positive and negative features of the financial instruments for ensuring the housing affordability for the population and their compliance with the strategic goals of the housing policy development were determined. The financial and organizational mechanism of lease as a target vector for providing the population with housing was proposed.

Legislative framework for public–private partnerships in the Sultanate of Oman

An effective regulatory framework is essential to attract international investment in infrastructure development and public services through public–private partnerships (PPPs). A transparent and predictable regulatory environment makes PPPs work in the long term, as this enables private sector participants to manage long-term risks in the most effective and efficient way. The legal framework for PPPs in Oman consists of four key pieces of legislation. The Foreign Capital Investment Law (Royal Decree 50/2019) outlines the procedures for application of an investment project licence and provides for investment incentives and guarantees to international investors. The Law of Privatization (Royal Decree 51/2019) provides a transparent framework for awarding of privatisation contracts. The Public Private Partnership Law (Royal Decree 52/2019) outlines the procedures for tendering and award of PPP projects and the essential elements of PPP contracts. The Bankruptcy Law in Oman (Royal Decree 53/2019) updates the law on corporate distress and introduces the concepts of corporate restructuring, preventative composition and bankruptcy-filing procedures. These four royal decrees are evaluated in this paper. The royal decrees promulgated in succession by the Sultanate of Oman bring privatisation and PPP policy in line with international best practice and constitute a central component of the nation’s strategy and supply side reforms to diversify the economy.

Cost Benefit Analysis of Public Construction Projects under PPP Operation Mode

<p>The public-private partnership (PPP) model that the state vigorously promotes is becoming a focus of stabilizing growth and adjusting structure. However, the application of the PPP model in public construction projects in China is still in its infancy. When the government makes project decisions, how to clarify the project risks, requirements and opportunities undertaken by all participants and weigh the external benefits brought by the PPP model has become an urgent problem to be solved to promote the reform of public service projects in China. Starting from practice, this paper reviews the relationship between school infrastructure investment and student performance involved in new school projects and the pros and cons of introducing the PPP model in the education field under the PPP framework. By comparing new PPP schools and non-PPP new schools in Victoria, Australia, the case is analyzed in multiple dimensions, it is concluded that there are indeed differences in operating expenditure and education performance between PPP schools and non –PPP schools. PPP schools have higher operating expenses than non-PPP schools and their educational achievements are also more prominent. The cumulative curve shows that the PoF of PPP school project operating expenditure is 48.37%, slightly higher than 48.05% of non-PPP school project. According to conclusion of this case data statistics, the introduction of the PPP model is explained to increase school infrastructure investment and promote better educational outcomes to a certain extent. School projects under the PPP framework can promote good educational achievements and provide theoretical support and countermeasures.</p>