Framework For Engagement Research Articles

Quandaries of Trying to Do Good-The Adequacy of the WHO FENSA Regulations.

The World Health Organization's (WHO) Framework of Engagement with Non-State Actors (FENSA), established in 2016, is designed to enhance transparency, impartiality, and conflict-of-interest safeguards by setting rigorous guidelines for WHO's interactions with private entities, particularly those in high-risk industries such as tobacco, alcohol, and arms. This paper briefly reviews the implementation and impact of FENSA, observing that, despite these safeguards, its application in academic contexts poses specific challenges. Universities, often reliant on diverse funding sources, may find the rules restrictive and misaligned with independent funding needs. The creation of the WHO Foundation in 2020 further complicates this landscape by enabling engagements with previously restricted private sector entities through an "arm's length" model. The authors advocate for a reassessment of FENSA to resolve inconsistencies and support essential academic collaborations, while upholding WHO's commitment to ethical standards.

Development and validation of a questionnaire to evaluate the productive engagement of Chinese older adults in the community.

The evaluation of productive engagement of old adults has become a challenging task because cultural, ethical, religious, and other personal values may influence perceptions of the meaning and consequences of productive engagement. Assessing the productive engagement of the older adults is crucial to promote active and productive aging. The objective of this study was to develop and validate a questionnaire concerning the productive engagement of Chinese older adults in the community. A draft scale was created via a literature review and interviews with 17 older adults in the community, following the cross-cultural framework for productive engagement in later life. Content validity was assessed by seven experts. Subsequently, a preliminary questionnaire containing 33 items was developed and its psychometric properties were evaluated. The final version of the questionnaire was composed of 27 items distributed across five dimensions. The overall standardized Cronbach's α for the productive engagement questionnaire was 0.904, with individual dimension values ranging from 0.759 to 0.869. Nearly all dimensions displayed satisfactory factor loadings. The correlation coefficient between each item's score and its respective dimension ranged from 0.473 to 0.723. The developed questionnaire exhibited good validity and reliability, showing promise for effectively evaluating the productive engagement level of Chinese older adults within the community. Not applicable.

Building Engagement-Capable Environments for Health System Transformation: Development and Early Implementation of a Capability Framework for Patient, Family and Caregiver Engagement in Ontario Health Teams.

Despite widespread calls to involve patients, families and caregivers (PFCs) as partners at all levels of health system planning and design, there is unevenness in how engagement efforts are supported across these settings. The concept of 'engagement-capable environments' offers a way forward to uncover the key requirements for sustainable, high-quality engagement, but more work is needed to identify the specific competencies required to create these environments. We addressed this gap by developing a capability framework for Ontario Health Teams (OHTs), a newly established structure for planning, designing, organizing and delivering care in Ontario, Canada. The framework was co-developed by a Working Group of OHT staff and leaders, PFC partners, researchers and government personnel. Project activities occurred over four phases: (1) planning, (2) evidence review and surveying of intended users to identify key competencies, (3) framework design and (4) implementation. An evidence review identified more than 90 potential competencies for this work. These results were contextualized and expanded through a survey of OHT stakeholders to brainstorm potential competencies, supports and enablers for engagement. Surveys were completed by 69 individuals; 689 knowledge and skill competency statements, 462 attitude and behaviour competency statements and 250 supports and enablers were brainstormed. The statements were analysed and organized into initial competency categories, which were reviewed, discussed and iteratively refined by Working Group members and through broader consultations with the OHT community. The final framework includes six competency domains and four support and enabler domains, each with sub-domain elements, mapped across a three-stage maturity model. The framework has been disseminated across OHTs, and its adoption and implementation are now requirements within OHT agreements. The framework combines a strong conceptual foundation with actionable elements informed by the literature and consultations with the intended users of the framework. Although developed for OHTs, the framework should be broadly applicable to other health system organizations seeking similar health system transformation goals. Patient, family and caregiver partners were involved at all stages and in all aspects of the work. As end users of the framework, their perspectives, knowledge and opinions were critical.

The Role of Civil Society and Religious Organizations in Shaping Environmental Policy in Bangladesh

Research Problem: The intersection of religion, civil society, and public policy is an increasingly relevant area of study, particularly in the context of environmental degradation. In Bangladesh, the impacts of climate change, industrialization, and globalization have created significant environmental challenges. These challenges necessitate a critical examination of the role of civil society, including religious organizations, in addressing environmental issues. The key question is: How effectively is civil society, in conjunction with religious institutions, contributing to the environmental movement and influencing policy reform in Bangladesh? Research purposes: This paper aims to explore the role of civil society, including the influence of religious organizations, in the environmental movement in Bangladesh. It seeks to understand how civil society organizations engage in advocacy, lobbying, stakeholder pressure, environmental impact assessments, and grassroots mobilization. The goal is to evaluate how these efforts shape public policy on environmental governance in a religious and sociopolitical context. Research methods: : This study uses a qualitative, review-based approach, relying on secondary data from existing literature, media reports, and policy documents. It critically examines the involvement of civil society organizations in the environmental movement, with a focus on how religious values and institutions intersect with public policy efforts in Bangladesh’s environmental governance. Results and Discussion: The findings suggest that civil society organizations, including those with religious affiliations, play an important role in influencing environmental policy in Bangladesh. Through advocacy, lobbying, and public mobilization, these organizations have brought attention to critical environmental issues, facilitating public participation in environmental governance. However, challenges remain, including political biases and limited resources, which affect their ability to fully shape policy. Religious organizations have also been shown to contribute moral and ethical dimensions to environmental activism, aligning their values with sustainable development goals. Research Implications and Contributions: The research underscores the importance of integrating religious organizations into the broader framework of civil society engagement in environmental governance. It highlights how religious values can complement public policy efforts, contributing to a more holistic approach to sustainable development. The paper provides recommendations for policymakers to strengthen collaboration between civil society, religious institutions, and government bodies to make environmental policy more effective and inclusive, aligning with the journal’s scope of exploring the intersection of religion and public policy.

ROLE OF COMMUNITY ENGAGEMENT ON IMPLEMENTATION OF INCLUSIVE EDUCATION PRACTICES IN RWANDA, A CASE OF GASABO DISTRICT

This study explored the role of community engagement in implementionof Inclusive Education practices in Gasabo District, Rwanda. The research investigated four key dimensions: community awareness, socio-economic factors, community participation, and social-cultural influences on Inclusive Education implementation. Through qualitative methodology, the study engaged 64 stakeholders, including headteachers, local leaders, and parents of children with and without disabilities, using purposive and convenience sampling methods. Data were analyzed using thematic, narrative, and interpretive approaches. Key findings revealed limited understanding of Inclusive Education concepts and practices among community members, with significant knowledge gaps in supporting children with disabilities. Socio-economic barriers, including resource constraints and high costs of specialized learning materials, created educational exclusion. Community participation was found to be insufficient, lacking structured engagement frameworks. Social-cultural factors showed persistent stigma and misconceptions, though community solidarity and religious values provided some support. The study recommends implementing long-term community awareness campaigns, engaging local and religious leaders to address cultural beliefs about disability, and developing strategies to overcome financial barriers in accessing Inclusive Education. Additionally, it emphasizes the importance of active parent-community engagement through regular communication and workshops. These findings contribute to the development of monitoring and evaluation frameworks for Inclusive Education programs and promote partnerships and help correct misconceptions about disability and highlight the benefits of inclusive education for all children by fostering campaigns among government agencies, educational institutions, civil society organizations, and community stakeholders in implementation of Inclusive Education practices in Rwanda.

4.A. Skills building seminar: Waves of community health engagement and governance: innovating through a design-as-policy approach

Abstract In this workshop we will engage our participants in a practice oriented exercise to experiment with a collaborative design-as-policy approach for a community health action plan. The exercise will be based on the lessons learned in two large evaluation projects: 1) an 8-year evaluation of the Dutch All about Health (AaH) platform of social health initiatives on the local, regional and national level; and 2) a comparative multiple case study, including Portugal, building a framework for sustainable citizen engagement, published in the WHO Handbook ‘Voice, Agency, Empowerment: The Handbook on Social Participation for UHC’. Both projects show striking similarities in findings, and developed guidance for devising collaborative action through (a) the use of community platforms, (b) concrete engagement mechanisms and (c) mediating civil society organizations. These will be brought together in a Guidance Tool that participants will work with in the exercise. The aim of the tool is to support initiatives to bring together both top-down participatory efforts and bottom-up grassroots movements in order to anchor community and minority voices into policy decision-making for a more level playing field for policy influence. The aim of the workshop is to let participants experiment with the Guidance Tool and develop collaborative design-as-policy skills. The outline of the skills building exercise: 1. Group introductions using Mentimeter and invitation to pick a particular complex health issue from participants’ own work or community setting (5 mins). 2. Three pitches on the projects, the Portugal case and the Guidance Tool (10 mins). 3. Exercise instructions (5 mins). 4. Exercise (35 mins) a. Upon room entrance participants receive a colored badge based on their professional background: public health professional/practitioner, community resident, researcher or policymaker; b. Form small sub groups of 6-8 participants with different backgrounds (2 mins); c. Introduce with key words on paper their respective complex community health issues and sub group jointly selects one issue for which most information and experience is present (6 mins); d. First round in duos within sub group: participants work through the guidance steps to an initial idea for the collaborative action approach consisting of a community platform, engagement mechanisms, and mediating civil society organizations, drawn out on paper (10 mins); e. Second round in duos within the sub group: duos review another duos initial design idea and conduct an intuitive SWOT analysis of feasibility, acceptability, and practicability (8 mins); f. Third round in sub group: compare the three proposals in SWOT perspective, select the most salient one, and improve with strong elements from other proposals (8 mins); g. Summarize in key words the final proposal and enter into Mentimeter. 5. Plenary wrap up using Mentimeter: select the winning proposal, and evaluate the exercise (5 mins). Key messages • Collaborative action is enhanced considerably through (a) the use of community platforms, (b) concrete engagement mechanisms and (c) mediating civil society organizations. • The Guidance Tool offers concrete steps for designing a reflexive and adaptive structure and process for community collaborative action and self-governance. Speakers/Panelists Marleen Bekker Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, Netherlands Dheepa Rajan WHO, Brussels, Belgium Goncalo Figueiredo Augusto National Health Council, Lisbon, Portugal

Combating antimicrobial resistance: A framework for educational tool innovation

Abstract Issue The World Health Organization (WHO) stresses the need for educational and training initiatives to address antimicrobial resistance (AMR) across human, animal, and agricultural sectors. AMR, a growing public health threat, was responsible for approximately 4.95 million deaths in 2019. Traditional educational frameworks tackling AMR are often applied in isolated sectors, failing to incorporate a holistic or collaborative approach. Description of the Policy The Holistic Engagement and Adaptive Response Theoretical framework (HEARTf) proposes a comprehensive, innovative approach combining behavioral theories, and persuasive technology, including the Theory of Planned Behavior, Persuasive Technology, and Diffusion of Innovation. The framework is designed to integrate stakeholders in developing and accessing educational tools, specifically a game designed to teach students about AMR. HEARTf emphasizes a multidisciplinary methodology, beginning with Phase 1 (exploratory phase) to gather baseline information from potential prescribers in Norway and Zambia. Results Initial application of HEARTf is leading the development of an educational game on AMR. This game uniquely combines behavioral theories and digital design, focusing on high-impact areas of AMR. Preliminary feedback indicates enhanced stakeholder engagement and a heightened willingness to adopt AMR best practices across different sectors. Lessons The HEARTf approach demonstrates the potential for enhancing AMR education through innovative, theory-based game design and development. It advocates for the continued integration of comprehensive educational strategies into global health initiatives to combat AMR effectively. These actions, being tailored to diverse sectors, suggest that similar holistic, theory-driven approaches may be beneficial in other public health crises. Key messages • HEARTf fosters innovative, multidisciplinary AMR education, enhancing stakeholder engagement and adoption of best practices. • Theory-based educational tools in AMR developed using HEARTf can significantly impact global health strategies and should be integrated into broader public health efforts.

A new conceptual and analytic framework for collective engagement in mathematics

This paper proposes a new social construct and conceptual-analytic framework for the study of group engagement in mathematics, which we call collective engagement structures. This new framework is offered to address research and practice-identified needs to better understand how individual student dispositions and preferences might interact with group processes to inform student engagement and learning. We demonstrate the collective engagement structures framework using a case study analysis of three middle school students working in a group on a complex mathematics problem. Our analysis details how three students’ individual engagement structures and positional influence interact to form two collective engagement structures: Follow The Leader and Let's Figure This Out. Our findings indicate that students’ collective engagement may present itself in identifiable and patterned ways, providing fresh theoretical and practical insight into how to better structure group-centered instruction.

The LTAR Common Experiment: Facilitating improved agricultural sustainability through coordinated cross-site research.

Long-term research is essential for guiding the development of agroecosystems to meet escalating production demands in a manner that is environmentally sound and socially acceptable. Research must integrate biophysical and socioeconomic factors to provide geographically scalable knowledge that involves stakeholders across the research-education-extension-policy spectrum. In response to this need, the Long-Term Agroecosystem Research (LTAR) network developed a "Common Experiment," which seeks to develop and disseminate multi-region, science-based information to enable implementation of visionary agricultural innovations while simultaneously promoting food security, well-being, environmental quality, and climate adaptation and mitigation. The core design of the Common Experiment contrasts prevailing and alternative/aspirational production systems, with the latter including novel innovations hypothesized to advance sustainable intensification in locally appropriate ways. Treatments in the Common Experiment represent a diversity of production systems under cropland, grazing land, and integrated crop/grazing land management. Where possible, treatments are evaluated at multiple spatial scales (e.g., from plot to enterprise) and are designed to evolve over the course of the experiment with stakeholder input. A common assessment framework guides data collection for the experiment and is complemented by metric-specific protocols and an emerging data management infrastructure. Currently, there are large differences among sites in the application of the experimental framework and degree of stakeholder engagement; differences largely grounded in pragmatic issues related to land access, site expertise, and resource availability. The full potential of the LTAR Common Experiment may be realized with strategic investments in network capacity.

Reflections on co-researching AI literacy

Students as Partners (SaP) approaches have gained more and more traction in higher education in recent years (Dai & Matthews, 2022). Rooted in values such as reciprocity and shared responsibility, SaP can offer opportunities for internationalizing the curriculum and departing from traditional teacher-student hierarchies (Green & Baxter, 2022). This case study focuses on a SaP project involving international students and their English for Academic Purposes (EAP) teacher, which investigated artificial intelligence (AI) literacy during a UK pre-sessional course in summer 2023. The project identified that learning about the limitations of AI, in addition to developing skills for effective prompt writing, was beneficial to students (Partridge et al, 2023). This case study reflects on the challenges and benefits of SaP for both students and the teacher using the Advance HE (2016) Framework for Student Engagement Through Partnership. Based on these reflections, the case study offers recommendations for future SaP projects including effective scheduling, defining roles, engaging in continual reflection, and formally recognising student input.

Exploring undergraduate engineers’ accommodation of engineering problem typology to support their initial framing and scoping of open-ended problems

ABSTRACT This study explores students’ initial engagement with ill-structured problems before and after the introduction of engineering problem typology as a framework for problem engagement and reflection. Using problem discussions, debrief interviews, and qualitative analysis of written artifacts, we considered observed changes to students’ initial problem framing and scoping discussions before and after the introduction of engineering problem typology. Two student pairs were examined as a comparative analysis of possible extremes on a continuum of adoption. One student pair demonstrated transformational adoption, leveraging problem typology as a guide for problem framing and scoping, and as a shared metacognitive framework. The other pair demonstrated transactional adoption that had limited impact on their thinking, and no apparent impact on the nature and trajectory of their problem framing and scoping. Through exploration of these cases, we find support for the use of problem typology as a frame for facilitating ill-structured problem engagement among undergraduate engineers. We also find evidence related to challenges that must be overcome in disrupting students’ established approaches to learning. We argue that this work can serve as a starting point for developing scaffolds that support problem design and facilitation, metacognitive development, and disrupting undergraduates’ conditioned approaches to problem engagement.

A multi-stakeholder engagement framework for material-building-city synergy through circular transformation

Scholars, industrial stakeholders, and governmental institutions are developing the circular economy paradigm. However, the emergence of multiple perspectives has challenged its implementation. As the industry that is the biggest contributor to the negative impacts on the environment, the construction industry stakeholders are paving the way for more sustainable as well as circular and regenerative construction by considering all actors in the system. Yet, the construction industry has a complex supply chain that requires clear strategies and stakeholder engagement across materials, buildings, and cities for efficient flows in the supply chain. Nonetheless, there is a need for improvement in the engagement of construction stakeholders for circular transformation. Therefore, this study aims to develop a multi-stakeholder engagement framework through circular transformation to guide the decision-makers for circular city governance. It has identified critical success factors by considering the construction stakeholders. The framework includes strategies at the micro (material), meso (building), and macro (city) scales to strengthen the material-building-city synergy. It's a significant step toward advancing circular city governance by bridging the gap between theoretical understanding and practical implementation and establishing a robust engagement for material-building-city synergy. The study employs a systematic literature review to extract strategies and natural language processing to analyze the strategies by topic modeling and defines critical success factors for multi-stakeholder engagement at multiscale. The outcome introduces the REVERT framework, bridging resource, envisagement, validation, entity, regulation, and technology, to facilitate a seamless transition by material-building-city synergy advancing circular city governance.

Towards new perspectives of stakeholder engagement in sustainability transitions: Bringing the supranational level into view

Although stakeholder engagement is a well-discussed topic within sustainability transitions research, it is underexplored in the context of supranational actors, such as the EU, despite the apparent relevance. Through the case study of the European citizen and stakeholder consultations around European Green Deal (EGD), this paper investigates the implications of stakeholder engagement conducted on a supranational level. By applying a transitions-based engagement framework, gaps are highlighted in the existing knowledge of the particular supranational dynamics in engagement for sustainability transitions. The goals of engagement are entangled and point to the complexity of supranational organisations, as well as specific challenges these organisations face in engagement processes. These include challenges of overcoming scale, relevance for the citizens, as well as legitimizing their own role as a transitions actor. These distinctly supranational challenges of engagement in transitions highlight several new avenues for research. In order to play a more effective role in transitions, supranational organisations must overcome these challenges.

EXPRESS: Curbing Adolescents’ Risky ‘Drinking’ Behavior with Authenticity

Adolescents’ risky drinking behavior continues to be a public policy concern and insights into effective messages and behaviors that resonate with adolescents is needed. Evidence points to the potential of tapping into adolescents’ need for authenticity. Drawing on authenticity literature and implementing a mixed methods approach using family group interviews, followed by a 1x3 between-subject experiment with adolescents, this research conceptualizes a novel authentic engagement framework for reducing adolescent risky behavior. The findings identify and test that messages about drinking need to acknowledge positive aspects while warning of the negative consequences (i.e. mixed messages) across three dimensions - social, hedonic and safety. Alongside mixed messages, parents need to be honest about past experiences and align their behavior by acting as positive role models. Importantly, adolescents need an environment which enables them to experiment while having clear boundaries. Together this translates into openness and authenticity; critical for trust and the ability for adolescents to be true to themselves. The research has implications for parents and policy makers/marketers engaging with adolescents authentically about risky behavior, by providing information on message type and behaviors for effective training/educational programs and responsible drinking campaigns. The framework can be transferred to other contexts involving risky behavior.

Making A PACT—Ethical Principles for Critical Community Informatics

ABSTRACTThis research proposes an ethical framework for engagement with the data collected by information institutions on and about their community members, part of a field better known as community informatics. As data collection becomes a key element of library and information patron services, it is crucial that workers have experience and training in dealing with the collection and handling of data related to their patrons. The PACT framework, which stands for Power, Access, Consent, and Trust, was developed and workshopped in LIS classrooms across three ALA‐accredited programs and aims to prepare LIS students for the types of ongoing relationships and issues they will encounter working in an institutional setting. The framework is grounded in critical theory, and takes a participatory approach towards community informatics, as well as drawing on the Codes of Ethics of three major professional organizations for cultural heritage and information professionals.

Innovative ability, work environment and job performance of young teachers in colleges and universities: Basis for improved employee engagement framework

Innovative ability, work environment and job performance of young teachers in colleges and universities: Basis for improved employee engagement framework

ChatGPT in Language Writing Education: Reflections and a Research Agenda for a ChatGPT Feedback Engagement Framework

This personal reflection explores the ethical considerations surrounding the use of ChatGPT in ESL writing education. It begins by highlighting contrasting perspectives on the tool’s impact, from skepticism to its potential as an empowering resource for students, particular with the immediate feedback ChatGPT provides. Then in reviewing existing models of feedback engagement, this paper identifies gaps that necessitate a more comprehensive ChatGPT feedback framework, one that incorporates ethical dimensions alongside cognitive and emotional aspects. The discussion concludes with a call for future research to investigate the complexities of engagement with AI tools like ChatGPT, emphasizing the importance of fostering ethical responsibility in student writers. Through this exploration, the paper aims to contribute to a more nuanced understanding of ChatGPT’s role in language writing education, advocating for an informed and responsible integration of AI in the classroom.

The role of customer engagement in relationship quality with a resale platform

Online communities are often used to establish customer engagement. This study focuses on the antecedents (i.e. involvement, anonymity) and consequences (i.e. brand relationship quality) of engagement in an online resale community. Data are obtained through a survey of 298 resale platform customers in the United States. Partial least squares–structural equation modeling is applied for data analysis. The findings of this study reveal that customer involvement and perceived anonymity within the community positively affect the three dimensions of engagement: creation, contribution, and consumption. The results also show that engagement affects both the cognitive and affective qualities of brand relationship quality, producing a significantly positive effect on behavioral intention. This study contributes to existing marketing studies by developing an integrated framework for community engagement and brand relationship quality in the online resale context.

Unified External Stakeholder Engagement and Requirements Strategy

Understanding stakeholder needs is essential for project success, as stakeholder importance varies across projects. This study proposes a framework for early stakeholder identification and continuous engagement throughout the project lifecycle. The framework addresses common organizational failures in stakeholder communication that lead to project delays and cancellations. By classifying stakeholders by influence and interest, establishing clear communication channels, and implementing regular feedback loops, the framework ensures effective stakeholder involvement. This approach allows for necessary project adjustments and builds long-term relationships, validated by a survey of IT professionals. Engaging stakeholders strategically at all stages minimizes misunderstandings and project risks, contributing to better project management and lifecycle outcomes.

Introducing a Resource to Support Neonatal Nurse Engagement in Clinical Research©.

This paper introduces the Resource to Support Neonatal Nurse Engagement in Clinical Research© to educate and support engagement of nurses in study design and protocol review. The resource serves to promote collaboration between nurses and pharmaceutical researchers to advance the development of neonatal therapies. Neonates remain therapeutic orphans, underserved by the drug development community. Off-label use of drugs in neonates negatively impacts the evaluation of their safety and efficacy. Although NICU nurses' competencies are examples of expertise needed for well-designed clinical trials, nurses may have limited experience in providing insights. Resource development included a literature review and usability testing by multiple stakeholders. Usability testing indicated the resource was comprehensive and relevant to pharmaceutical and nonpharmaceutical studies. Reviewers commented resource prompts are beneficial in assessing study feasibility. Sponsors of research need nurse engagement to improve feasibility and flexibility and prevent protocol deviations in clinical trials. Leveraging the "Resource to Support Neonatal Nurse Engagement in Clinical Research©" can enhance research education and foster engagement of nurses in neonatal research. The resource has implications for the nursing profession, the pharmaceutical industry, and the advancement of new therapies. Individual nurses benefit from education and a framework for research engagement. The profession benefits from enhanced visibility through research collaboration. The pharmaceutical industry gains valuable insights on neonatal care, family dynamics, and NICU standard of care. A resource to foster collaboration in the study development process is an important step for advancing new therapies for neonates.