Framework For Self-regulation Research Articles

The case for self-regulation for the digital assets industry

The concept of self-regulation and the use of self-regulatory organisations (SROs) as a feature of legal and regulatory frameworks has been adopted to support effective and efficient capital market development in a number of countries around the world. Most notably, the International Organization of Securities Commissions (IOSCO) set forth through its SRO Consultative Committee a ‘model for effective self-regulation’, the general principles for self-regulation and why self-regulation should be incorporated into regulatory frameworks. Since 2000, this has served as the outline for SRO development. Today, many countries are struggling with the question of how to regulate cryptocurrency and digital assets — including the US. The rapid evolution, high degree of expertise and understanding needed, and decentralised, cross-border nature of digital assets presents unique challenges for regulators. In the wake of the failure of the centralised finance (CeFi) digital asset exchange FTX, this research explores whether an SRO may be suited to the nature of the digital asset industry and how it may provide a strong complement to formal US government regulation. Such a complementary relationship may offer United States regulators and legislators a mechanism for providing a high degree of regulatory coverage which balances the need for consumer protection and market integrity with the need for innovation. In exploring this subject, researchers undertook desk study on the IOSCO Framework for Effective Self-regulation and explored existing and emerging national SROs in the digital asset space. Desk study was coupled with individual one-on-one interviews with global digital asset industry leadership and public roundtable forums. This research concludes that an SRO may serve to provide the US legal and regulatory framework with a high-quality solution to the challenges of legislating and regulating in the ever-changing environment of digital assets.

Tell the Truth or Keep Silent: A Critical Study of Ethical Advertising Through Malaysian Advertising Self-Regulation System

Consumers are often subjected to various forms of non-ethical content, such as over-claiming, misleading facts and advertisers' misleading promises. When advertising contains offensive information, it may cause harm to the consumers relying upon it. Moral conflicts arise when advertisements lose their informative value and become merely propaganda for the profit of products and services. Advertisers easily produce advertisements displaying a culture that is not appropriate according to the morality principles of the nation. This paper discusses Malaysia's framework for self-regulation to control the safety of consumers and the obligation of professionals to help consumers from the perspectives of the truthfulness value of the advertising content and authenticity values of the advertisers. This study aims to examine how Malaysia's self-regulation system embraces the principles of truthfulness and authenticity in their messages. The data were obtained from five (5) Malaysian Advertisement Self-regulations (MASR) model through content analysis. The software NVivo 12 is used to conduct themes and sub-themes. The findings indicate an increasing prevalence on the values of truthfulness but do not stress the authenticity values when assessing the concepts that must be considered in the advertising field to reduce adverse commercial issues.

A framework for classroom assessment, learning, and self-regulation

ABSTRACT We present a conceptual framework that leverages synergies between classroom assessment (CA) practices and self-regulated learning (SRL) theory to support academic growth and instruction. We articulate the processes shared by CA and SRL, drawing on a model of SRL with three phases: forethought, performance, and self-reflection. We blend this SRL model with CA to create the CA:SRL framework in four stages: (1) pre-assessment, (2) the cycle of learning, doing, and assessing, (3) formal assessment, and (4) summarizing assessment evidence. We elucidate how SRL processes are involved at each stage and can be drawn on to support learning development and teacher understanding and co-regulation of learning. This framework is important in that it depicts how assessment and learning processes interact dynamically for both teachers and students in classrooms, and demonstrates that such interactions encompass the full breadth of purposes in CA, from planning through summation of evidence.

The speech-language pathologist’s role in supporting the development of self-regulation: A review and tutorial

PurposeChildren’s engagement in self-regulation is a strong and positive predictor of their social and academic success, making self-regulation an important focus for caregivers and clinicians. The aims of this article are to provide a framework for understanding self-regulation and to identify strategies speech-language pathologists can use to integrate self-regulation work into their clinical practice. MethodEmpirically supported considerations describing the developmental progression from co-regulation to self-regulation are outlined, and the effects of stress on self-regulation are discussed. A clinical framework is provided to guide speech-language pathologists in considering stress and self-regulation in their clinical work. Strategies are provided to a) support speech-language pathologists’ employment of co-regulation as a method for mitigating the negative effects that stress can have on therapeutic efforts, and to b) support children’s development of skills (i.e. executive functions, metacognition) required to actively self-regulate. ConclusionGiven that children’s ability to attain a state of regulation is integral to attending, engaging, and learning from their environment, the information provided in this tutorial can be used to inform and enhance current clinical practice.

Regulation of Alcohol Advertising in Australia: Does the Abac Scheme Adequately Protect Young People from Marketing of Alcoholic Beverages?

This paper examines regulation of alcohol advertising regulation in Australia. Specifically, it considers whether the alcohol industry’s code of conduct, the Alcohol Beverages Advertising Code (‘ABAC’) operates as an effective form of industry-based regulation, focusing on provisions that prohibit alcohol advertising in media directed to children and young people, and advertising content or messaging that appeals to minors. The paper sets out a framework for effective self-regulation and applies it to the substantive provisions and regulatory processes established by the ABAC Scheme. The paper finds that the substantive rules found in the ABAC contain a number of significant loopholes, including a failure to adequately restrict the placement of alcohol promotions or to regulate alcohol industry sponsorship. Further, the ABAC Scheme lacks independent administration, systematic monitoring, or meaningful sanctions for responding to non-compliance. Accordingly, regulatory processes lack transparency and accountability, undermining the credibility and efficacy of the Scheme. The paper concludes by outlining a phased or responsive approach to creating a regulatory regime that protects young people more effectively from exposure to alcohol marketing.

The Power(lessness) of Industry Self-regulation to Promote Responsible Labor Standards: Insights from the Chinese Toy Industry

The provision of responsible labor standards along the entire value chain poses considerable challenges for corporations. In particular, management shortcomings and institutional deficits—which are partly related to cultural issues—frequently impede the realization of responsible business practices in emerging and developing countries. It is widely established in theory that industry self-regulation constitutes a particularly promising approach for overcoming these challenges. Nonetheless, it is still an open question as to whether industry initiatives effectively promote responsible standards in practice. This contribution aims to enrich the current discussion about the power of industry self-regulation to ensure responsible labor standards in factories in emerging and developing countries. For this purpose, we analyze the ICTI CARE Process (ICP), the self-regulation initiative of the international toy industry, that aims to promote responsible business practices in Chinese toy factories. The assessment of the ICP shows that corporations’ buying behavior is decisive in order for industry self-regulation to become an appropriate means of improving labor standards. Based on the insights from the study and from theoretical reasoning, we develop a framework for effective industry self-regulation that integrates the perspective of factories.

Independent and effective? The post-Leveson framework for press regulation

This paper aims to show how the legal framework for independent self-regulation of the press in the United Kingdom has developed in the three years since the publication of the Leveson Report in November 2012. The paper begins by providing a brief summary of the negotiations between major newspaper publishers, politicians and civil society organisations which led to the development of a legal framework that is similar to but distinct from the framework recommended by Lord Justice Leveson. This framework is referred to here as the ‘post-Leveson framework’. The paper goes on to show how the post-Leveson framework has been implemented in the relevant provisions of the Royal Charter on Self-Regulation of the Press, the Enterprise and Regulatory Reform Act 2013 and the Crime and Courts Act 2013. It then provides a first-hand account of the development of a new self-regulatory body, IMPRESS: The Independent Monitor for the Press CIC, which is designed to inhabit this framework. The paper concludes by arguing that the Leveson recommendations, despite legal and political challenges, may yet have a significant and beneficial impact on the future of media regulation in the United Kingdom.

A conceptual framework for understanding self-regulation in adults

Multiple models of self-regulation have been posited, yet despite the apparent overlap between them, there is no common theoretical framework to unite the many theories. Authors in the area of self-regulation research have noted the lack of cross-field communication due to the absence of a conceptual framework and of common terms to describe self-regulatory processes (Bandura, 2005; Boekaerts, Maes, & Karoly, 2005; Karoly, Boekaerts, & Maes, 2005). The objective of the current review is to propose a common lexicon and a comprehensive model to integrate and organize the extant self-regulation research, thereby facilitating the understanding of self-regulation. The proposed model revisits classic cybernetic theory (Wiener, 1948), and is composed of a reference, input, comparator, and output. Each of these components is represented in current self-regulation theory, and is discussed as it relates to self-regulation models and ongoing empirical research.

National regulations for a borderless industry: US versus UK approaches to online gambling

The digital revolution is a key enabling factor for globalisation. New borderless industries like online gambling are said to be the beneficiaries of it. States are not. Online gambling providers have located their operations in territories that license their operations and the industry has developed self-regulatory codes of practice, while two of the industry's largest markets have taken dramatically opposing regulatory approaches: the US has sought to prohibit online gambling, while the UK has regulated and actively encouraged it. We find that US prohibition of online gambling is largely the result of a historically nationally segmented market and regulatory structure that has been lacking in the UK. Rather than the global medium affecting the nature of the regulatory approaches, we demonstrate that the intersection of private market interests with the national public regulatory context is the reason why the UK has formally adopted many of the self-regulatory tools developed by the online gambling industry, effectively legitimising the industry's own framework for self-regulation, while the US has chosen not to do so.

The legal framework for self-regulation in the Netherlands

The debate on the viability of self-regulation as a mode of regulation is split and is conducted at two different levels. The insights from sophisticated regulation theory do not transpose easily to the practical concerns of those considering self-regulation as an alternative to legislation. And yet in this era of ‘Better Regulation’, self-regulation is increasingly called for by stakeholders and sometimes also by public authorities. This article aims to bring theory and practice one step closer together by analysing how in one concrete European legal system, that of the Netherlands, self-regulatory mechanisms are received. From an investigation into topics such as the relevance of fundamental rights, the public/private nature of self-regulatory bodies and the scope of liability for self-regulation, the persisting formal division between public law regulation (unilateral and therefore bound by constitutional norms) and self-regulation (assumed to be bilateral and therefore positioned in the realm of private law) emerges. Furthermore, the growing popularity of public law mechanisms at the expense of (pure) self-regulatory mechanisms can be observed. This is partly because in the current legal structure the voluntary nature of many self-regulatory arrangements is not always protected or acknowledged.

Self-regulation through social institutions: A framework for the design of open agent-based electronic marketplaces

In this paper, we argue that allowing self-interested agents to activate social institutions during runtime can improve the robustness (i.e., stability, reliability, or scalability) of open multiagent systems (MAS). Referring to sociological theory, we consider institutions to be rules that need to be activated and adopted by the agent population during runtime and propose a framework for self-regulation of MAS for the domain of electronic marketplaces. The framework consists of three different institutional types that are defined by the mechanisms and instances that generate, change or safeguard them. We suggest that allowing autonomous agents both the reasoning about their compliance with a rule and the selection of an adequate institutional types helps to balance the trade-off between the autonomy of self-interested agents and the maintenance of social order (cf. Castelfranchi, 2000) in MAS, and to ensure almost the same qualities as in closed environments. A preliminary report of the evaluation of the prototype by empirical simulations is given.

Doctors in the dock - is self-regulation working?

The Bristol case and other ‘dangerous doctors’ stories have dented the public's confidence in health care professionals, and the regulatory mechanisms in place to protect the public have been found wanting. This article argues for a coherent multiprofessional framework for professional self-regulation.

Industry Self-Regulation: A Review and Extension to a Global Setting

The author proposes a framework for self-regulation in a global setting, concentrating on the industry level of economic activity. He first reviews industry self-regulation in a domestic setting and then extends the discussion to the global setting. He concludes with a discussion of his framework, which can serve as a springboard for further theory development and research.

The Use of Insurance Codes of Practice - Are Consumers Getting a "Fair Go"

Voluntary codes of practice are currently favoured in New Zealand as a means of providing a framework for self regulation by industry groups. The insurance industry is no exception. A number of industry bodies have adopted codes of practice, which include general guidance and disciplinary codes. This article examines these voluntary codes of practice and questions whether consumers benefit from this form of insurance regulation. This is not a speculative enquiry. Because of the importance of insurance as a mechanism for risk transfer to our society, our economy, and in particular, to consumers, a clear understanding of these codes of practice, and in particular their legal effect and their benefits and limitations as a rule-making mechanism is essential.