Media Framework Research Articles

An inelastic homogenization framework for layered materials with planes of weakness

Many geologic materials have a composite structure, in which macroscopic mechanical behavior is determined by the properties, shape, and heterogeneous distribution of individual constituents. In particular, sedimentary rocks commonly exhibit a layered microstructure, with distinct bedding planes that can also form planes of weakness. In this work, we present a homogenization framework for modeling inelastic layered media. The proposed constitutive model allows for distinct micro-constitutive laws for each layer, explicit representation of layer distributions, as well as incorporation of imperfect bonding at the interface between adjacent layers. No a priori assumptions are needed regarding the specific constitutive models used for the layers and interfaces, providing significant modeling flexibility. The overall framework provides a simple and physically-motivated way of defining anisotropic material behavior as an emergent property of the layered microstructure. The model is calibrated using triaxial and true-triaxial experimental data to demonstrate its ability to describe anisotropic deformation and multiple modes of failure.

A preform deformation and resin flow coupled model including the cure kinetics and chemo-rheology for the VARTM process

The present paper deals with preform deformation and resin flow coupled to cure kinetics and chemo-rheology for the VARTM process. By monitoring the coupled resin infusion and curing steps through temperature control, our primary aim is to reduce the cycle time of the process. The analysis is based on the two-phase porous media flow and the preform deformation extended with cure kinetics and heat transfer. A novel feature is the consideration of temperature and preform deformation coupled to resin viscosity and permeability in the VARTM process. To tackle this problem, we extend the porous media framework with the heat transfer and chemical reaction, involving additional convection terms to describe the proper interactions with the resin flow. Shell kinematics is applied to thin-walled preforms, which significantly reduces the problem size. The proposed finite element discretized system of coupled models is solved in a staggered way to handle the partially saturated flow front under non-isothermal conditions efficiently. From the numerical example, we conclude that the cycle time of the VARTM infusion process can be shortened over 68% with the proper temperature control. Moreover, the proposed framework can be applied to optimize the processing parameters and check the compatibility of a resin system for a given infusion task.

Scraping social media data for disaster communication: how the pattern of Twitter users affects disasters in Asia and the Pacific

Communication channels play a crucial role in times of crisis, especially during disasters. Social media have become substantial means of communication, playing coextensive roles to those of traditional media. Social media present a communication format that can operate not only within areas directly affected by a disaster but also throughout the rest of the world. Twitter has proven to be an important social media platform for providing services and information conveyed by credible organizations in times of crisis when other means of communication become inaccessible. This study focuses on the different uses of Twitter during disasters in Asia and the Pacific in 2014 and 2015. The purpose of this study is to show the pattern of use of Twitter to send warnings and identify crucial needs and responses. This study is based on the premise that Twitter has considerable potential as a communication channel during disasters given its advantages and high compatibility with rapid information dissemination. We gather tweets by scraping https://twitter.com/search-advanced results using the Application Programming Interface of Twitter. The scraping process is conducted with the Python Tweepy library. Data are classified based on a social media framework, geographical area, and user type. We find that the pattern of Twitter users plays a crucial role in raising awareness as well as coordinating relief efforts during disasters. Various types of users utilize Twitter in ways that are consistent with its traditional role. News organizations participate in secondhand reporting, and nongovernment organizations and celebrities are committed to relief coordination. Results cast light on not only how various types of users utilize Twitter in times of disaster but also on how a number of potential Twitter users are absent during disasters. Twitter use for relief coordination occurs understandably in the aftermath of a disaster, but the speed and reach of Twitter make it an ideal platform for disaster preparedness coordination and planning.

An end-to-end three-dimensional reconstruction framework of porous media from a single two-dimensional image based on deep learning

Stochastically reconstructing a three-dimensional (3D) structure of porous media from a given two-dimensional (2D) image is an outstanding problem. For such problem, despite that the big progress has been made on reconstruction methods such as optimization-based and multi-point statistics-based algorithms, however, the reconstruction of topologically complex or non-stationary materials is still not well addressed. Besides, the reconstruction efficiency is another remarkable challenge, and a 1283 reconstruction using these methods generally requires several hours. In this paper, to overcome these problems, we propose a general end-to-end deep learning-based 3D reconstruction framework. Specially, the mapping (function) between a 2D slice and its 3D structure is first learned by a neural network. Then, the 3D reconstruction of a new 2D image using this mapping is instantaneous. For a 1283 reconstruction, our method only requires 0.2s, thus achieving a 3.6×104 speedup factor compared with the classical methods. Besides, to yield diverse 3D structures for the same 2D input, a Gaussian noise is introduced into the network. Our approach is tested on two statistically isotropic materials and a non-stationary porous material, and evaluated in terms of both visual and quantitative comparisons. Experimental results indicate that the proposed method is accurate, fast, and stable. The proposed framework also enables that theoretically an arbitrary number of constraints can be incorporated to further improve the reconstruction accuracy.

Ephemerality as Data Prevention: Values for an Ethics of Ephemeral Mobile Media

Mobile media is a chief driver of digitizing locational information, geotags, and photos that are produced and collected as we communicate with and exist within our networks. But when these data are stored and recorded—in quantities that far exceed any of our abilities to manage—mobile technology denies our ability to actively forget. This article argues that digital ephemerality via mobile applications (i.e. Snapchat, Signal, Confide, and Facebook Messenger Secret) has emerged because of the granular possibilities for data retention enabled by mobile devices. Together these applications move towards a practice of preventing data from being stored and shared. In response, “data prevention” is proposed as an ethical framework for ephemeral mobile media, and is theorized with an eye toward the distributed agency inherent to networks. This ethics is positioned within a framework of distributed agency across stakeholders that draws most directly from actor–network theory, and three commonly articulated values—trust, transparency, and privacy—are proposed. These values help to define a system of networked practices within ephemeral mobile media that requires consideration of both human and non-human actors. Building sustainable ephemeral technologies necessitates aligning shared values amongst divergent stakeholders. The article concludes by motioning to LIMITS research, where data prevention might be included, linking and further intensifying shared values across technical and social concerns.

Investigative News of Online Media

An investigative reporting has changed quite rapidly in the last few periods after the development of information technology. The presence of online media encourages the emergence of online journalism. The existence of online journalism, within the framework of online media, gives a certain touch to investigative reporting activities. Investigative reporting developed in online media has managerial uniqueness and certain coverage patterns. The purpose of this study is to illustrate how the management of editorials and online media coverage patterns in Indonesia conducting investigative coverage.Data for this research is obtained through interviews with data analysis using a qualitative approach and a case study method of single case-multilevel analysis. Research subjects (journalism) and research objects (online investigative news) of this study are Detik.com and Tirto.id.The results of the study show that investigative data are at the core of investigative reporting in online media. It can be in the form of direct observation under investigation (disguising) or the disclosure of new facts that have not been revealed before. The online news media in Indonesia, although it relies on the speed, also still takes into account the accuracy and rules of journalism, especially in the coverage of investigations. The online media strategy in reporting investigations is to divide investigative data into several news stories with one theme, but each headline is different according to the investigative reporting to be reported in parts.

Detection of Sentiment Analysis in Social Media using Deep Learning

With the rapid climb of web page from social media, such studies as online opinion mining or sentiment analysis of text have started receiving attention from government, industry, and academic sectors. In recent years, sentiment analysis has not only emerged under knowledge fusion within the big data era, but has also become a well-liked research topic within the area of AI and machine learning. This study used the Military life PTT board of Taiwan’s largest online forum because the source of its experimental data. the aim of this study was to construct a sentiment analysis framework and processes for social media so as to propose a self-developed military sentiment dictionary for improving sentiment classification and analyze the performance of various deep learning models with various parameter calibration combinations. The experimental results show that the accuracy and F1-measure of the model that mixes existing sentiment dictionaries and therefore the self-developed military sentiment dictionary are better than the results from using existing sentiment dictionaries only. Furthermore, the prediction model trained using the activation function, Tanh, and when the amount of Bi-LSTM network layers is 2, the accuracy and F1-measure have a good better performance for sentiment classification.

Virtual reality and augmented reality in social learning spaces: a literature review

In this survey, we explore Virtual Reality and Augmented Reality within social learning spaces, such as classrooms and museums, while also extending into relevant social interaction concepts found within more reality-based and social immersive media frameworks. To provide a foundation for our findings we explore properties and interactions relevant to educational use in social learning spaces; in addition to several learning theories such as constructivism, social cognitive theory, connectivism, and activity theory, within a CSCL lens, to build a theoretical foundation for future virtual reality/augmented reality educational frameworks. Several virtual reality/augmented reality examples for learning are explored, and several promising areas to further research, such as a greater focus on accessibility, the interplay between the physical and virtual environments, and suggestions for updated learning theory foundations, are proposed.

How the current media strategy of the National Paralympic Committee of Azerbaijan provides an opportunity to expand audience and influence prior to the Tokyo 2020 Paralympic Games

With the preparations for the Tokyo 2020 Paralympic Games already underway, the media strategy of the Azerbaijan Paralympic Committee is facing a critical test. The objective of the Paralympic Committee of Azerbaijan is not only to promote and channel the efforts of the country’s Paralympic athletes, but to promote a more inclusive civil society. The run-up to the Paralympic Games and during the competition itself represents a major opportunity for the Committee to expand its reach and audience, attracting new supporters, sponsors and potential athletes and helping to inspire those facing physical challenges in Azerbaijan. But are the media strategy and current channels of the Paralympic Committee ready to take on this challenge? This research aims to assess the current strength of the Paralympic Committee’s media strategy, through comparison with Paralympic Committee activities in other countries, and through analysis of their current platforms using industry standard benchmarking. It goes on to assess the potential for further development of the Paralympic Committee’s media framework, both through improvement of existing channels and through innovation. My research strongly suggests that there is potential for improvement and an opportunity to expand the audience for Paralympic-related news and information. My research will be made available to the Paralympic Committee, in order to support and inform their media strategy. Further research and planning will be conducted into the potential to launch innovative new channels, as part of my Master’s programme studies and as part of a commitment to support the ideals and objectives of the Paralympic Committee of Azerbaijan.

Risk Communication During COVID-19

During the unprecedented times caused by the novel coronavirus disease 2019, there is rapidly evolving information and guidance. However, a focus must also be on proper and effective risk communication. This is especially the case during pandemics that have high rates of infection, significant morbidity, lack of therapeutic measures, and rapid increases in cases, all of which apply to the current coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic. A consequence of poor risk communication and heightened risk perception is hoarding behavior, which can lead to lack of medications and personal protective equipment. One potential way to ensure appropriate risk communication is using social media channels, and ensuring an ongoing consistent media presence. Another important step is to include all stakeholders including members of the allergy community in broader public health messaging. As we continue to face unprecedented times in the allergy community, an understanding and appreciation of risk communication will be essential as we communicate with, and inform, our patients, and our colleagues, moving forward.

Criteria and Specifics of Staging Reality in New Media

Modern processes in the media, which include the extensive use of integrated content and the shift in emphasis from the correct transmission of the message to the easily understood and simplified form, have led to significant changes in the infosphere. Information distortions take on many forms that are not limited to fakes and inaccuracy, but become part of a large-scale staging of reality. On the basis of the concepts developed by domestic and foreign researchers the author attempts to identify criteria for staging of reality and to analyze the changes that occurred in its mechanisms during the transition from traditional forms of journalistic material to new media. These changes cause the continuous creation of staged risks, which was not possible within the framework of traditional media. The author concludes that these processes should be taken into account as a fundamentally important factor in the analysis of the shaping of public opinion under the influence of the media.

Media Studies’ Approach In “The Crowd” Problems

In this article, we aim to analyze particular conditions of the media landscape in recent days Vietnam – which is characterized by the domination of mass media and social media in constituting public opinions – that significantly affect collective actions from the online citizens. By using the concept “collective actions”, we design to reconceptualize the concept of “the crowd” which is used commonly to assert the detrimental effects of online citizens’ actions toward heated public debates nowadays. Through the framework of media and journalism studies, we suppose that the contemporary media landscape is not the same as the social situation in approximately 150 years ago when Western scholars first used this concept. Moreover, we intend to provide the framework of Affect Studies in approaching online citizens’ practices that considerably influences the field of media studies in particular and Social Sciences and Humanities in general.

Hyperpartisan news: Rethinking the media for populist politics

Online media sites such as Breitbart News in the United States and The Canary in the United Kingdom have come to prominence as powerful new agents. Their reach and influence in the contemporary digital media ecology have been widely highlighted, yet there has been little scholarship to situate these important new players in the field of political communication. This article argues that, first, these ‘interlopers’ known as the ‘alt-right’ and ‘alt-left’ need to be understood as embedded in the context of populist politics. Second, ‘hyperpartisan’ describes these sites better than the framework of alternative media as it mirrors populism’s ideological pillar of ‘us’ versus ‘them’. Finally, a deliberate provocation is argued to name these digital start-ups as news to create a starting point for conceptualising these disruptive new media forces.

ONLINE NEWS PORTALS IN MALAYSIA - A REVISIT OF THE REGULATORY REGIME GOVERNING THE MEDIA IN THE ERA OF MEDIA CONVERGENCE

Online news portals such as Malaysiakini, Malaysia Today and many others have been instrumental in providing alternative news and information to the Malaysian public. These portals are currently treated differently from print media as they need not procure a licence or permit before publishing online content. Conversely, print media proprietors are mandated by the Printing Presses and Publications Act 1984 to hold valid printing licences and publication permits before offering their services. Further, the presence of the no censorship guarantee of the Internet appears to render online news portals and other online publications to be free from legislative control. This is undesirable as there appears to be two different sets of regulatory frameworks for traditional media and new media. Hence, this paper will trace the historical development of online news portals in Malaysia, analyse the existing regulatory regime which govern print media and new media, and examine the potential application of these laws to regulate online news portals. By adopting a qualitative approach, the study employed a combination of doctrinal and comparative analysis. A doctrinal analysis was adapted to explore the current regulatory framework in order to address the legal predicament faced by online news portals. Further, the study applied a comparative analysis method by examining current practices and experience in the United Kingdom (UK). For this reason, the study scrutinised relevant statutory provisions and other secondary sources comprising textbooks, academic journals, seminar papers, and other pertinent materials found in newspapers and/or reputable websites. In conclusion, it is submitted that the same set of laws and regulations should be applied to govern print media and online news portals here, similar to the practice adopted by the Independent Press Standards Organisation (IPSO) in the UK.

SM-ILE: a framework for intrusion detection in an informal social environment based on users' traces

Social media is a novel technology, which uses internet and Web 2.0. It allows users to create and participate to several communities through different functionalities such as communication, collaboration, sharing, updating and interaction. The use of social media in learning field has been increased. Therefore, most educational institutions nowadays are using these technologies to enhance users' engagement. We propose in this paper an informal learning environment called SM-ILE (a trace-based framework for social media as an informal learning environment). This model aims at detecting intrusion learners to improve their learning by recommending to them good collaborators and relevant resources. Moreover, we analyse and qualitatively compare social media and informal learning related works. The proposed algorithm was applied to an informal social environment (http://sncl.ga). An experiment was conducted in a group of students in an Algerian university. The obtained results from this experiment were good and very efficient.

Маскулінність пролетаріату: медійні репрезентації чоловічих повсякденних і дозвіллєвих практик 1920–1930-Х років

The article analyzes the male daily and leisure activities among the Ukrainian workers, reflected in the press of the 1920–1930s. The objective of the article is to study the specifics of media representations of male daily and leisure activities and to determine the features of modeling the normative masculinity of a proletarian in the 1920s and 1930s. Research results. Based on the analysis, the conclusions are drawn about the normative masculinity of the Soviet proletarian of the 1920–1930s, reflected in Ukrainian newspapers and magazines. The Soviet construct of masculinity consisted of two models – ideal and real. According to the journalists of that time an exemplary proletarian was a physically strong man, certainly a Komsomol member or communist, capable of performing the labor, sports and / or military heroic acts for the sake of party and homeland. The propaganda of physical education and sport had military connotation, because sports organizations were entrusted with the task of preparing the men for a future war with the capitalist countries. Some forms of cultural recreation were popularized in the press: visits to work and other clubs, libraries, non-alcoholic picnics in nature etc. However the journalists of the 1920s and the early 1930s designed also another, more reliable model of the proletarian, through reflection of social reality and everyday context of working life. The daily and leisure activities formed the proletarian life style, which included alcohol abuse, primitive habits in everyday life, gambling, etc. Сonclusions. In the Ukrainian Soviet press of the 1920s, two versions of normative masculinity of the proletarian coexisted – official and popular. In the 1920s, a lot of critical materials appeared in the Ukrainian press regarding the life and leisure activities of proletarians. But in the 1930s, such reports almost disappeared from the newspapers, and embellishment of reality and mass dissemination of the ideal proletarian image, ready for labor exploits and defense of the fatherland from capitalist enemies, became a general tendency. Significance. In the modern media studies one of the key points is that media texts form social identity and subjectivity. The study of interconnections and interactions within the framework of the paradigm media – ideology – society is important and promising area, including the historical aspect.

Social Media Use and Its Effect on Knowledge Sharing: Evidence from Public Organisations in Delta State, Nigeria

Aim/Purpose: This study investigates social media use and its effect on knowledge sharing. Based on the review of related literature, we hypothesised that social media use has a significant effect on outward and inward knowledge sharing. Background: While the notion of social media use in work organisations has been progressively developed, empirical studies linking social media to the context of knowledge sharing have only begun to emerge. Even so, literature on social media use and its impact on public organisation is still tentative and remains a developing area. Methodology: The partial least square method was utilised in testing of hypotheses with data collected from 103 employees, who by virtue of their position and job function(s) interface with the public for the purpose of sharing knowledge via the social media space. Contribution: The study made contributions to the social knowledge management literature in two ways. First, the study developed a research model that links social media use to the two distinct dimensions of knowledge sharing. Second, the study provides a quantitative approach, where statistical techniques were applied to validate the social media use and knowledge sharing link. Findings: Statistically, the public organisations utilise social media partly for knowledge sharing, with its effect being significant on outward knowledge sharing and insignificant on inward knowledge sharing. This indicates that social media were deployed mainly for information dissemination “outward knowledge sharing” and not for stakeholders’ feedback and interaction “inward knowledge sharing”. Recommendations for Practitioners: Public organisations should develop a policy framework and guidelines for social media use to encourage the full use of this technology to inform and interact with stakeholders. It is important for this policy document to adopt best practices regarding interactive spaces so that both knowledge sharing dimensions manifest themselves in social media communications. Second, it is necessary to carry out staff training for the professional use of this technology for knowledge sharing. Recommendation for Researchers: Future studies should extend to more populations in different contexts to validate findings Impact on Society: This paper intends to influence practices adopted by organisations in the public sector to improve the knowledge sharing dimensions via the social media space. Future Research: Future studies may extend to public organisations in other geographical locations around Nigeria. It will be useful for studies to provide an international perspective by sampling public organisations from different countries or by comparing and contrasting the findings of other studies, specifically those from other countries. A longitudinal study should be encouraged to detect advancement or development with regards to the subject matter over a period of time.

Zmiany dyrektywy o audiowizualnych usługach medialnych w świetle polityki Unii Europejskiej

Revision of the Audiovisual Media Services Directive in the light of European media policy The Audiovisual Media Services Directive, 2010/13/UE, due to development of convergence and dig­italization phenomena, has responded to the technological paradigm shift, thereby continuing the late 1980s standard of transfrontier television. The dramatic shift of all aspects of audiovisual sector which has occurred for the last decade, triggered the adoption of its revision on the 14th of Novem­ber, 2018 which creates a media framework for the 21st century. The aim of the article is to point out – within the frame of historical aspects of European media policy, including a digital single mar­ket impact – the wide spectrum of its implications, taking into consideration the dual – cultural and economic – status of audiovisual media services. Hence, the analysis of certain regulatory changes, concerning the following issues, ought to be mentioned: 1) the scope of the audiovisual media no­tion; 2) principles of jurisdiction; 3) independence of national media regulators; 4) promotion of European works; 5) requirements for audiovisual commercial communications; 6) consumer pro­tection. The presentation of the subject in the light of the regulation historical aspects allows to come to the certain conclusions regarding the political, economic, social and cultural feasible results of the mentioned changes and their impact on media organisation and management in the new audiovisual environment. Therefore, the legal approach is justified; the interpretation of the law with the sub­sidiary role of methodological trend of legal hermeneutics are applied.

Personalised Campaigns in Party-Centred Politics: Facebook and Instagram as Arena for Political Communication

Social media like Facebook and Instagram place the focus on the individual politician rather than the political party, thereby expanding the political arena for increased personalised campaigning. The need to use social media to communicate a personal image as a politician and to post personalised messages online seems less obvious in a party-centred system of Malaysian politics. Within this framework, the personalised and dialogical aspects of social media may be contradicted with the political parties’ structural communication strategies. The study uses data from content analyses of eight Malaysian politicians’ Facebook and Instagram accounts during the 14th General Election in Malaysia. The study adopts quantitative approach by presenting descriptive and exploratory analyses. The findings show that politicians’ depended more on Facebook as their personal media platform and used Instagram as an image booster. The study explains that different features offer by Facebook and Instagram serve as a determinant for politicians’ decision in using them. The study concludes that both Facebook and Instagram push for personalisation in political communication that requires private exposure and individual initiatives. Overall, the study shows that like other world leaders, Malaysian politicians are keeping abreast with the technology in reaching out various segments of the society for political communication on social media.

La experiencia encarnada como nuevo horizonte epistemológico y metodológico en la investigación en comunicación audiovisual. Hacia una concepción de la obra audiovisual como dispositivo encarnado

Avanzamos una propuesta epistemológica y metodológica alternativa para la investigación en comunicación que explora dimensiones materiales, procesuales, relacionales, maquínicas, sensoriales y performativas de la obra audiovisual. A través de un ejercicio cartográfico de mapeo de teorías y aproximaciones al fenómeno audiovisual históricamente disidentes, nos alejamos de la concepción textual de la obra adoptando un enfoque procesual que se interesa por la experiencia audiovisual como vivencia existencialmente encarnada y por la obra como dispositivo capaz de generar formas de sentido más allá de los entramados narrativos y los procesos significantes.