Four-component Dusty Plasma Research Articles

Dynamical generation of macroscale magnetic fields and fast flows in a four-component astrophysical plasma

We explore the possibility of the generation or amplification of macroscale magnetic fields and flows in a four-component astrophysical dusty plasma composed of mobile massless electrons and positrons, inertial positive ions and negatively charged static dust particles. The investigation demonstrates that when microscopic turbulent ambient plasma energy is predominantly kinetic, a straight dynamo (DY) mechanism is feasible. Conversely, a unified reverse-dynamo/dynamo (RDY/DY) mechanism is possible when the microscopic turbulent ambient plasma energy is primarily magnetic. Additionally, the evolution of Alfvén Mach numbers at the macro- and microscale are significantly affected by plasma species densities and invariant helicities. The potential implications of the present study for astrophysical settings are also highlighted.

Dust magnetoacoustic waves in an inhomogeneous cylindrical four-component dusty plasma in the presence of polarization force

Abstract Dust magnetoacoustic waves have been examined in an inhomogeneous, bounded, cylindrical dusty plasma containing oppositely polarized dust particles. Considering polarization force, dust dynamics in r − θ plane is studied in the presence of inhomogeneous external magnetic field along z axis. At equilibrium, the dusty plasma components are supposed to follow Gaussian density distribution. Using reductive perturbation method (RPM), a variable coefficient cylindrical Kadomtsev–Petviashvili (VCCKP) equation has been derived. For weak azimuthal perturbation, an analytical solution, obtained by Zhang (“Exact solutions of a kdv equation with variable coefficients via exp-function method,” Nonlinear Dynam., vol. 52, nos. 1–2, pp. 11–17, 2008) using Exp-function method, is chosen. Phase velocity of dust magnetoacoustic wave is found to be modified by the density inhomogeneities, polarization force, dust charge state ratio and ion-to-electron temperature ratio. Spatio-temporal evolution of the dust number densities has been noticed. Existence of the compressive electromagnetic solitary waves is observed numerically for the chosen dusty plasma parameter range. The impacts of the inhomogeneity, polarization force, dust charge state ratio and ion-to-electron temperature ratio on the relative amplitude of the dust magnetoacoustic wave are also discussed.

Influence of quantum particles on self-gravitational magnetic dust acoustic double layers

The impact of Fermi–Dirac distributed electrons and ions on the features of dust acoustic double layers in a four-component magnetized dusty plasma was investigated. In this model, the plasma consists of Fermi–Dirac distributed electrons and ions and negative and positive dust particles. The plasma species experience electrical, magnetical, and self-gravitational forces as well as the degeneracy pressure force that is caused by the Pauli exclusion law and the quantum tunneling force due to Bohm force. Employing a reductive perturbation method, the quantum extended Korteweg-de Vries equation was extracted from the set of fluid equations. The results show that the energy of generated dust acoustic double layers is extremely smaller than that in similar classical plasmas. The ratio of the Fermi temperature of ions to electrons is an effective parameter in the structure of double layers. With the variation of this parameter, the structure of double layers changes from compressive to rarefactive, and its polarity switches from negative to positive.

Modulational Instability Analysis of Four-Component Dusty Plasma System

Dust in plasma is a major hindrance for many scientific activities that occur in space, fusion, and so on. One of the crucial properties that makes sense for such hindrance is its nonlinearity. Existence of solitons proves the condition of nonlinearity and by enabling the significance of such solitons, nonlinearity can be minimized to an extent. Our own selves conceptually probed the four-component dusty plasma system and the four components are positive and negative dust components, two components of electrons and non-thermal ions modeled by Boltzmann distributions. The nonlinear reductive perturbation technique is employed and we derived the nonlinear Schrödinger equation (NLSE), which governs the nonlinear dynamics of the plasmic system. Furthermore, we invoke the modulational instability (MI) analysis to inspect the stability of plasmic solitons and the instability/stability regions of dust ion acoustic (DIA) waves are highly explored.

Coexisting wave features and various nonlinear waves for Schrödinger equation in superthermal dusty plasma

Coexistence of dust-acoustic wave (DAW) features and their properties are studied in a four-component dusty plasma constituting superthermal plasma particles in the framework of nonlinear Schrödinger equation (NLSE). Dynamical behaviors of the system are first explored by phase portraits and then the solutions corresponding to phase trajectories are explained analytically as well as numerically with physical perceptions. Introducing a periodic force, the system is analyzed for the existence of multi-periodic, quasiperiodic, and chaotic motions. Results of this work can be useful to understand the wave phenomena in the interstellar medium where superthermally distributed plasma particles are recognized.

Inward and outward dust acoustic cylindrical and spherical waves interaction in four-component dusty plasma with nonthermal ions

Abstract A theoretical investigation by an all-inclusive adaptation of the PLK strategy is carried out in order to study the inward and outward interaction between two cylindrical and spherical dust acoustic solitary waves (DASWs) in an unmagnetized dusty plasma consisting of nonthermal distributed ions, negatively and positively charged dust grains along with electrons featuring Boltzmann’s distribution. The interactions and collisions between two cylindrical and spherical geometries at different time scales are studied. Also the combined effects of the nonthermality of ions, ion to electron temperature ratio as well as mass ratio of positive to negative dust grains have been studied in detail on the phase shifts raised due to collision. It has been seen that the properties of the cooperation of DASWs in cylindrical and spherical shaped are distinct.

Nonplanar dust acoustic waves in a four-component dusty plasma with double spectral distributed electrons: modulational instability and rogue waves

A theoretical investigation of nonplanar (cylindrical and spherical) amplitude modulation of dust acoustic waves (DAWs) in a four component dusty plasma including positive and negative dusts, Maxwellian ions and double spectral electron distribution (DSED) is carried out. The focusing modified nonlinear Schrödinger equation (MNLSE) is derived using the derivative expansion perturbation technique (DEPT). The limit of DSED to Maxwell distribution is discussed. The effects of the two spectral indices, r and q , on the modulational instability (MI) growth rate are examined and it is deduced that increasing the value of r and q raises the MI growth rate. Additionally, the structure of the first and second-order dust acoustic (DA) rogue waves in the modulational unstable region is analyzed. The influences of both of r and q on the rogue wave amplitude (energy) are investigated. We found that increasing the value of r enhances the rogue wave amplitude while the opposite behavior is found by increasing q values. The findings of the present study are useful to interpret some physical phenomena in various plasma situations that found in space regions, such as Titan (the largest moon) of Saturn, auroral region and asteroid zones, where the effectiveness of non-Maxwellian particles such as DSED is existed.

Nonlinear Dynamics of Dust-Ion-Acoustic Waves in Magnetized Collisional Opposite Polarity Dusty Plasmas

A four-component magnetized collisional superthermal opposite polarity dusty plasma (OPDP), containing stationary dust grains of opposite charges, inertial ion fluid, and non-inertial superthermal electrons, has been considered to study different modes of dust-ion-acoustic waves (DIAWs) theoretically and numerically. In addition, the collisional effect between ion and neutral particles and the temperature effect of adiabatic warm ions have been taken into account to draw a more generalized picture of DIAWs. To investigate the growth, evaluation, propagation, and fundamental features (e.g., speed, amplitude, energy, width, etc.) of DIAWs, the reductive perturbation theory has been employed to derive the damped Zakharov-Kuznetsov-Burgers (dZKB) equation, and the hyperbolic tangent method is adopted to find the solution of dZKB equation. The fundamental attributes of DIAWs are seen to be affected significantly due to the variation of basic plasma parameters (e.g., adiabaticity, superthermality, viscosity, ion temperature, obliquity angle, magnetic field intensity, the amount of charge residing onto the dust grains, ion-neutral collision frequency, etc.). In addition, the coexistence of oppositely charged dust grains has a notable effect on the dynamics of linear and nonlinear DIAWs, which has been established in the bifurcation analysis. The polarity of the DIAWs changes if the amount of positive charge on dust is excessively greater than that of negative charge and vice versa. The findings of this research work may be apply to examine the properties of DIAWs in experimental and space dusty plasmas, where the opposite polarity dust grains are present, adiabatic thermal pressure of warm ion and damping due to ion-neutral collision are accountable.

The possibility of relaxation in Quadruple Beltrami states in a four-component magneto dusty plasma

The possibility of relaxation in Quadruple Beltrami states for a system of dusty plasma of opposite polarity dust particles, electrons, and ions has been investigated. The macroscopic magnetic field structures are investigated in alliance with the differential flows of electrons, ions, positively and negatively charged dust grains. For a certain set of Beltrami parameters, it is observed that the system self-organized to Quadruple Beltrami state which is characterized by four eigenvalues. To derive Quadruple Beltrami equation, two different cases are assumed. The system allows a fully diamagnetic structure by considering all the inertial forces. The development of paramagnetic and diamagnetic structures has been observed by just ignoring the inertial effects of electrons. It has been shown that the features (paramagnetic or diamagnetic) of the relaxed structures are significantly modified by the eigenvalues and masses of the oppositely charged dust particles.

Stable Oscillation and Chaotic Motion of the Dust-Acoustic Waves for the KdV–Burgers Equation in a Four-Component Dusty Plasma

Investigation of nonlinear dust-acoustic waves (DAWs) in a four-component unmagnetized electron–ion dusty plasma composed of fluid dust species, the Maxwellian positive, and negative ions with $q$ -nonextensive electrons is performed. The dust charge variation is considered for both adiabatic and nonadiabatic cases. For the nonadiabatic case, the Korteweg-de Vries–Burgers (KdV-B) equation is obtained utilizing the reductive perturbation technique (RPT). Implementing the traveling wave transfiguration, the KdV-B equation is transformed into a planar dynamical system (PDS). Implementing the phase plane theory of PDS, qualitative phase portrait profiles of a stable spiral for the corresponding system are presented. The effects of relevant physical parameters are shown on the DAW behavior. Dynamical features, such as quasiperiodic and chaotic motions of the system, are presented via a numerical investigation in the presence of an extraneous periodic force. Sensitivity analysis and the box-counting dimensions for chaotic profiles are presented.

Propagation of Electrostatic Solitary Waves in the Four-Component Dusty Plasma

We investigate the nonlinear dynamics of an unmagnetized dusty plasma comprising of four components, such as positively and negatively charged mobile dust, the Boltzmann distributed electrons, and nonthermal ions. The associated set of fluid equations is recasted into the celebrated nonlinear Schrodinger equation (NLSE) by invoking the standard reductive perturbation method. We have constructed a set of solitary antikink pulses by employing the exponential function method (EFM). It is found that the nonthermal ionic variable plays a key role in determining the electrostatic structure in the dusty plasma. The present investigation may have potential applications in predicting the nature of electrostatic solitary structures noticed in Saturn's ring.

Dust-acoustic Rogue Waves in Four-Component Plasmas

A theoretical investigation has been made on modulational instability (MI) and dust-acoustic (DA) rogue waves (DARWs) in a four-component dusty plasma medium containing inertial negatively charged massive heavy (light) cold (hot) dust grains as well as super-thermal electrons and non-thermal ions. The reductive perturbation method is used to derive the nonlinear Schrodinger equation, and two types of modes, namely fast and slow DA modes, have been observed. The conditions for the MI and the formation of associated DARWs are found to be significantly modified by the effects of non-thermality of ions (α), super-thermality of electrons (κ), density-ratio of non-thermal ion to cold dust ($${{\mu }_{i}}$$), and mass-ratio of cold dust to hot dust (σ), etc. The implications of our current investigation in space and laboratory plasmas are briefly discussed.

Dust-acoustic shock waves in a plasma system with opposite polarity dust fluids and trapped ions

The propagation of dust-acoustic (DA) shock waves (SWs) is studied in a four-component dusty plasma system containing viscous dust fluids of opposite polarity, Schamel distributed ions and Boltzmann distributed electrons. The reductive perturbation method is employed to derive a modified Burgers equation which gives rise to the DA shock waves with stronger nonlinearity. The viscous force acting in the dust fluids is identified as a source of dissipation, and is responsible for the formation of the DA shock waves. The basic characteristics (viz., speed, amplitude, width) of the DA shock waves are found to be significantly modified by the combined effects of opposite polarity dust fluids and trapped ions. The applications of this investigation in different space plasma environments and laboratory devices are pinpointed.

Effects of two temperature non-extensive electrons on the sheath of dusty plasma

Abstract In this paper, the problem of sheath is investigated using the fluid model in a magnetized four-component dusty plasma system comprising positive ions, negatively charged statistic dust grains and two species of electron populations. These electrons are assumed to be a sum of two q-nonextensive electrons distribution (i.e. the electrons evolve far away from their Maxwellian distribution ( q = 1 ) with two different temperatures (cold and hot). The effects of population ratio and the temperature ratio of hot to cold non-extensive electrons on the plasma sheath parameters are studied numerically. A significant change is observed in the quantities characterizing the sheath as sheath thickness, sheath potential, electron and ion densities and dust velocity in the presence of nonextensively (case superextensively) distributed two-temperature electrons.

Time-fractional effect on dust-acoustic double-layer waves in four-component dusty plasma

Abstract The Gardener equation (GE) is resulting by using reductive perturbation technique (RPT) for a system of dusty plasma of opposite polarity and kappa-distributed electrons and ion. Also, the time fractional (TF) Gardenr's equation obtained by Euler-Lagrange equation (ELe). It has been discover that the effect of the ions (electrons) kappa parameter ki(ke) and the ratio between temperatures of positive dust grains σ and that for ions studied, where the effect of ions kappa parameter k i on the amplitude and steepness of the double layers is more effective that the effect of both electrons kappa parameter k e and the ratio between temperatures of positive dust grains σ . The dependence of the envelope wave on the TF parameter α studied. The current inspection is founded in Jupiter, Cometary tails, and Earth's mesosphere.

Propagation features of head-on collision dust acoustic solitary waves in four-component quantum plasmas

ABSTRACT In framework of the extended Poincaré–Lighthill–Kuo, the properties of dust acoustic (DA) solitary wave’s interaction are investigated in four-component quantum dusty plasma. Two Korteweg–de Vries equations describing the colliding DA solitary waves are derived by eliminating the secularities. By knowing the explicit form of the solitary wave solutions, the leading phase changes, trajectories and phase shifts are obtained, accordingly. The effects of various physical parameters such as the quantum mechanical parameters, the charge ratio between positive and negative dust particles, the mass ratio between negative and positive dust particles and the ratio of electron to ion temperatures are studied extensively. Our findings showed that these parameters play a significant role on the characteristics and basic features of DA solitary waves such as phase shifts in trajectories due to collision. The obtained results may be beneficial to understand well the collision of DA solitary waves that may occur in laboratory plasmas, space plasma as well as in plasma applications.

Cylindrical dissipative soliton propagation in nonthermal mesospheric plasmas

Wave properties of damped solitons in a collisional unmagnetized four-component dusty fluid plasma system containing nonthermal distributed electrons, mobile ions and negative-positive dusty grains have been examined. To study dissipative DIA mode properties, a reductive perturbation analysis is used under convenient geometrical coordinate transformation, a three dimensionally damped Kadomtsev–Petviashvili equation 3D-CDKP in cylindrical coordinates is obtained. The effects of electron nonthermality and collisional parameters on damped soliton pulse structures are studied. More specifically, the coordinate impact of axial, radial and polar with the time on solitary propagation are examined. This investigation may be viable in plasmas of the Earth’s mesosphere.

Small amplitude double layers in an electronegative dusty plasma with q-distributed electrons**Project supported by the “Strategic Priority Research Program” of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (Grant No. XDA01020304), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 11747306 and 11565022), and the Youth Science and Technology Foundation of Gansu Province, China (Grant No. 1606RJYA263).

The small amplitude dust ion-acoustic double layers in a collisionless four-component unmagnetized dusty plasma system containing nonextensive electrons, inertial negative ions, Maxwellian positive ions, and negatively charged static dust grains are investigated theoretically. Using the pseudo-potential approach and reductive perturbation method, an energy integral equation for the system has been derived and its solution in the form of double layers is obtained. The results appear that the existence regime of the double layer is very sensitive to the plasma parameters, e.g., electron nonextensivity, negative-to-positive ion number density ratio etc. It has been observed that for the selected set of parameters, the system supports rarefactive, (compressive) double layers depending upon the degree of nonextensivity of electrons.

Cylindrical Three-Dimensional Dust-Ion Acoustic Propagation in Plasmas

Wave properties of solitons in an unmagnetized four-component dusty plasma system contains isothermal distributed electrons, mobile ions, and negative-positive dusty grains have been examined. To study DIA wave properties, a reductive perturbation (RP) analysis is used. By a reductive perturbation (RP) analysis under convenient coordinate transformation, the three dimension Kadomtsev-Petviashvili equation in cylindrical coordinates is obtained. The effects of dust grain charge on soliton pulse structures are studied. More specifically, solitary profile depending on the axial, radial, and polar angle coordinates with time is discussed. This investigation may be viable in plasmas of the Earth’s mesosphere.

Properties of Damped Cylindrical Solitons in Nonextensive Plasmas

Abstract Wave properties of damped solitons in a collisional unmagnetised four-component dusty fluid plasma system containing nonextensive distributed electrons, mobile ions and negative-positive dusty grains have been examined. The reductive perturbation (RP) analysis is used under convenient geometrical coordinate transformation; we have derived three-dimensional damped Kadomtsev-Petviashvili (3D-CDKP) equation to study dissipative dust ion acoustic (DIA) mode properties. It is found that the properties of damped cylindrical solitons in nonextensive plasmas in cylindrical coordinates are obtained. The effects of collisional parameters on damped soliton pulse structures are studied. More specifically, the cylindrical geometry with the time on solitary propagation is examined. This investigation may be viable in plasmas of Earth’s mesosphere.