Fossil Fuels For Energy Production Research Articles

Design and Fabrication of a Wind and Hydropower Turbines

Abstract Nowadays, there is an increase in the use of fossil fuels in energy production and the increase in the pollutants of its combustion. Governments have reinforced over the past few years to reduce the dependence on fossil fuels and reduce the pollution emitted by traditional methods of producing energy. By using hydropower and wind, energy can move away from the use of fossil fuels and negative effects. Therefore, hydropower and wind energy have been created that depend on renewable and environmentally safe energy. This work focused on building a device that integrates hydropower and wind energy together. This project focused on designing the combined between the hydropower and wind. Therefore, a model of a wind and hydropower turbine has been designed and fabricated. The idea of the paper is to develop a combined system between the wind and hydropower to generate the electricity. The system consists of a wind turbine and hydropower turbine. The wind one is on the top facing the winds directions and the hydropower part is inside the water to convert the water velocity to electricity. The wind turbine and hydropower turbine were connected. The idea behind that to ensure the wind turbine will not be stopped in working while there is no wind.

A novel improved harbor seal whiskers algorithm for solving hybrid dynamic economic environmental dispatch considering uncertainty of renewable energy generation

The originality of this work is introducing a novel Improved Harbor Seal Whiskers Algorithm (IHSWA) as an innovative and improved optimizer for solving complex hybrid dynamic economic-environmental dispatch (HDEED) considering uncertainty of renewable energy generation (REG) and various system constraints. IHSWA is implemented by hybridizing opposition-based algorithm (OBA) and local search algorithm (LSA) approaches to enhance the algorithm's search efficiency and overcome the challenges of other counterpart approaches. IHSWA has an optimal balancing feature between searching modes (exploring and exploiting modes). This feature makes the proposed algorithms more advanced than their counterpart optimizing techniques. The HDEED is modeled using a non-convex and non-smooth objective function, considering various equality and inequality constraints such as ramp rate bounds (RRLs), valve-point effects (VPE), production limits (PL), spinning reserves (SRLs), prohibited operating zones (POZs), and power balance (PB). The proposed approach is verified on a hybrid modified IEEE 57-bus 7-unit power system incorporating solar and wind energy generation. The proposed approach is compared with various modern optimization techniques, such as the traditional Harbor Seal Whiskers Algorithm (HSWA), the Lemurs Optimization Algorithm (LOA), the Nutcracker Optimization Algorithm (NOA), and the Artificial Hummingbird Algorithm (AHA). The incorporation of REG sources produces a significant reduction in operative costs and a remarkable decline in emissions. The convergence rate of the proposed approach indicates that the novel hybrid algorithm converges rapidly towards the optimal solution, achieving the best global optimum solution. The ANOVA test and the Tukey test are used to analyze the results statistically. The IHSWA approach shows superior advanced features with a best fuel cost of 1640.5890 $ and a minimum std. value of 1708.4895. While for emission objective minimizing, IHSWA attained a minimum emission cost and std. value of 1080.1629 kg and 1777.0770, respectively. The statistical analysis of the results approves the stability, reliability, and consistency of the proposed strategy with significant convergence. The appreciated contribution of this work is introducing a novel hybrid approach for solving HDEED efficiently, incorporating REG, and considering various system constraints. IHSWA has advanced features over its counterpart approaches. The contribution holds specific importance for the economic development of countries. It creates the path for increased self-sufficiency by reducing their need for fossil fuels for energy production. The study emphasizes the transition from being reliant on fossil fuels to the development of sustainable urban economies.

Unlocking energy efficiency: Experimental investigation of bamboo fibre reinforced briquettes as sustainable solution with enhanced thermal resistance

Energy consumption data reveals that buildings account for 40 % of overall energy usage. Without urgent intervention, this figure is poised to escalate alongside population growth, exacerbating the dependence on fossil fuels for energy production. Addressing this pressing issue demands effective measures to curtail energy consumption in buildings, a realm where research on bamboo's thermal performance still needs to be improved. This study fills a critical gap by investigating the integration of bamboo fibre in the briquettes, known for their high heat transfer coefficient (U-value). Leveraging the innovative coheating test method, the research pioneers an unexplored avenue to evaluate thermal performance. This novel approach distinguishes the study as a unique and original endeavour in the field. The findings demonstrate significant thermal enhancements by substituting bamboo fibre: 2 %, 4 %, and 6 % bamboo additions yield U-values of 4.698 W/m2K, 3.94 W/m2K, and 2.77 W/m2K, respectively. Notably, the 6 % bamboo-reinforced briquette showcases a remarkable 49.9 % improvement in thermal resistance compared to conventional counterparts. This study marks a pioneering effort towards achieving energy efficiency through sustainable materials in designing low/zero carbon buildings. By showcasing the potential of bamboo as a thermal insulator, the research illuminates a promising path for future construction practices. Embracing such innovations is paramount in mitigating the environmental impact and securing a sustainable future.

Development of Measures to Reduce Air Pollutants As Much As Possible

The papers include contemporary ecological challenges, steps taken to reduce artificial pollution, and environmental issues relating to the atmosphere's circulation through natural and artificial processes. A major threat to world health, air pollution can have a range of negative consequences on the environment, such as haze, eutrophication, acid rain, and harm to animals. The combustion of fossil fuels for energy production and transportation is the main cause of air pollution. The effects of air pollution on human health are significant, with millions of people affected by respiratory and cardiovascular diseases, reproductive and central nervous system dysfunctions, and cancer. The articles emphasize the importance of reducing air pollution through various measures, such as improving energy efficiency, promoting renewable energy sources, reducing emissions from transportation, and implementing policies and regulations to control air pollution. The articles also highlight the need for public awareness and a multidisciplinary approach to tackle the problem of air pollution and its impact on climate change and public health.

Natural resource and energy efficiency in BRICS countries: Can green innovation capabilities really change the game?

The inefficient exploitation of resources, overdependence on fossil fuels for energy production, and inappropriate waste management strategies have resulted in mounting environmental challenges that seriously threaten humanity and the planet.The United Nations urges businesses to transition from fossil fuels to sustainable practices, fostering cooperation between natural resources, the economy, and ecology to achieve SDGs. This shift is critical for emerging economies, which may experience rapid growth while heavily relying on fossil fuels. This study uses the nonparametric data envelopment analysis and directional distance function (DEA-DFF) model to examine how organizational green and technological innovation capabilities impact natural resource and renewable energy efficiency in BRICS countries from 2011 to 2021. The results indicated that green and technological innovation significantly improve resource and energy efficiency in BRICS economies, supporting the theoretical arguments given in the dynamic capabilities theory (DCT), business technology adoption model (BTAM), and natural resource-based view (NRBV). It all proposes theoretical and practical implications for similar developing nations. Overall, the results of the study are robust to different econometric models and data processing techniques.

Do renewable energy sources perfectly displace non-renewable energy sources? Evidence from Asia-Pacific economies.

The existing scholarly discourse surrounding the energy transition has long operated on the assumption of perfect displacement of non-renewable energy. However, an evolving set of studies highlights an intricate web of inefficiencies and complexities that prevent the perfect displacement of fossil fuel energy with renewable energy production. Since this could carry serious implications for the environmental targets of several economies, it is crucial to accurately and continuously measure the actual extent of fossil fuel displacement. Within this framework, this study empirically investigates the extent of non-renewable energy displacement by renewable energy for a balanced panel of seven Asia-Pacific (APAC) countries between 1989 and 2015. The outcome function also controls for globalisation, real GDP per capita, and crude oil prices. After implementing the necessary diagnostics, the panel cointegration establishes a significant long-run relationship among the selected variables. The PMG-ARDL estimation indicates that renewable energy production and globalisation significantly reduce the fossil fuel energy production, whereas real GDP per capita and crude oil prices induce it positively. However, the coefficient of renewable energy production is only - 0.39, indicating that more than 2.5 units of renewable electricity are necessary to displace a unit of non-renewable energy. As such, this study concludes that the current energy transition in Asia-Pacific region is not perfect. These results are robust to the usage of the FGLS estimation technique. The study suggests the adoption of a new energy transition that allows greater displacement of fossil fuel energy as well as gradual reduction in overall energy use.

Evaluating the Impact of Elevated Temperature on Melia dubia: Insights into Climate Change Resilience and Adaptation

The consequences of climate change extended beyond temperature shifts, encompassing more extreme weather events, increased carbon di oxide enabling some plants to tolerate environmental stresses, and shifts in precipitation patterns,. Climate change manifests through alterations in the mean and variability of various properties, persisting for extended periods, often decades or longer, either due to natural variability or human-induced factors. The increase in green house gas emissions results from fossil fuel energy production, industrial activities, transportation, agriculture, construction, deforestation, and land-use changes. Plant height plays a pivotal role in the growth and development of plant species. Elevated temperature levels have been observed to enhance plant productivity, with variying impacts based on the growth stage and species response to the environment, independent of climate changes. Melia dubia is an economically important tree species grown throughout the world and the morphological, physiological and biochemical characteristics to variying air temperature is discussed in this paper

Modelling Policy Pathways to Maximise Renewable Energy Growth and Investment in the Democratic Republic of the Congo Using OSeMOSYS (Open Source Energy Modelling System)

This study sought to generate, evaluate, and recommend possible national policies for the government of the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) to implement to most effectively boost growth and investment in renewable energy technologies (RETs) through 2065 using Open Source Energy Modelling System (OSeMOSYS). The novelty of this study stems in-part from the scarcity of RET modelling completed for specific West African countries rather than for broader regions. Market-based instruments were identified as the policy type most practical for DRC. From modelling the resulting energy systems for policy pathways involving a 16% RET subsidy, a 70% fossil fuel tax, and both in combination relative to no-policy baseline scenarios, the scenarios including the tax had the lowest net costs (USD304–306 B) and the highest proportion of RETs (above 90%). Additionally, despite the current reliance on hydropower to fulfil 98% of its energy needs, hydropower played a very minor role in all of a modelled scenarios (no future investment beyond residual capacity). Finally, a post-modelling market potential assessment was performed on the technology that dominated off-grid supply across policy pathways: a 0.3 kW small solar home system (SHS). Based on learning rates for solar photovoltaics (PV), demand for a small SHS in DRC (>160 million units in total) was found to be sufficient to substantially reduce the unit cost as deployment scales. Ultimately, this study yielded four recommendations for the DRC government: (1) Pursue financial incentives to catalyse DRC’s renewable energy supply. (2) Tax fossil fuel energy production. (3) Re-evaluate focus on hydropower. (4) Promote DRC as a healthy market for solar home systems.

Innovation Solution in Photovoltaic Sector

The modern world is moving towards a zero-emission economy; therefore, various actions are being taken to reduce the share of fossil fuels in energy production. The article examines the potential for the continued expansion of photovoltaic farms, with a special emphasis on farms utilising east–west panel orientation. The east–west orientation is an innovative solution with many advantages over the traditional north–south arrangement. The paper also makes a detailed assessment of the photovoltaic farm environment by applying two analyses based on the following factors: Political, Economic, Social, and Technological (PEST) and Demographic, Economic, Environmental, Political, Legal, Informational, Social, and Technological (DEEPLIST) factors. This is followed by an insightful, comprehensive review of the most important factors that contribute to the efficiency of photovoltaic installations, namely site conditions, existing infrastructure, and ability to connect to the electricity grid. The paper also devotes space to an analysis of daily energy price changes that affect the economic efficiency of the installation and discusses the potential for energy storage in the context of photovoltaic farms. The development of photovoltaics also requires investing in energy storage. All discussed issues fall within the scope of photovoltaic farm development and optimal use of energy resources.

Air Pollution Assessment in Turhal District: Temporal Analysis of Pollutants

Since the last century, the rapidly increasing global population, along with industrialization and urbanization, has increased the type and amount of pollutants in the atmosphere. Particularly, the dependency on fossil fuels for energy production, transportation, and industrial activities has become one of the main sources of air pollution. This has led to an air pollution problem that negatively affects the quality of life in urban areas. However, in this study conducted in the Turhal district of Tokat, an optimistic development has been observed in recent years. Based on the data obtained from the air quality monitoring stations located in the region, the concentrations of pollutants such as PM10, NO2, NOX, and SO2 have been thoroughly examined. The analysis results indicate a significant decreasing trend in the concentrations of these pollutants from 2020 to 2023. This positive trend can be attributed to the increasing awareness of environmental protection, technological innovations, and societal consciousness. The study demonstrates the positive impacts on regional air quality during this period.

Fabrication of Cu-Single Atom Catalyst Supported on Unique 2D Graphdiyne Analogue-Based Porphyrin Metal Covalent Organic Frameworks for Carbon Dioxide Reduction Application

Excessive burning of fossil fuels for energy production has led to an exponential increase in CO2 concentrations in the atmosphere, which is the core of universal problems such as global warming and climate change. One of the new approaches to reducing CO2 emissions is to think of CO2 as a useful raw material and convert this compound into useful products. Moreover, electrocatalytic carbon dioxide reduction (eCO2R) can be conveniently utilized to establish a zero-emission carbon cycle and utilize this CO2 for energy-dense fuels and other chemical raw materials [1]. However, exploring novel catalysts is the ultimate need of the hour for an effective and efficient eCO2R.Heterogeneous single-atom catalysts (SAC) containing isolated metal species on an atomic level are gaining the increasing attention of the scientific community owing to their high metal utilization sites and superior catalytic properties[2]. The SACs are put into the full effect of catalysis by scattering it over conductive support. Therefore, in this work, the copper SACs are supported over a unique porphyrin-based graphdiyne (SAC-PG) with a π-conjugated structure (Figure 1). Graphdiyne possesses two acetylenic linkages between the aromatic rings and is responsible for not only displaying exceptional electronic conductivity but when coupled with the metalloporphyrin network provides numerous active sites for catalysis[3]. This SAC-PG analogue is achieved by a Glaser-Hay coupling reaction on Cu foam or foil. Moreover, SEM analysis is performed in combination with SEM-EDX and elemental mapping to investigate the morphology of the fabricated catalyst (Figure 2). In addition, this unique copper-based SAC-PG is evaluated as a catalyst for eCO2R in a customized H-cell with 0.1M/0.5M KHCO3 as an electrolyte and Pt as a counter electrode. Nafion 117 proton exchange membrane is used for separation between the cathodic and anodic compartments while an Ag/AgCl (3M KCl) was used as a reference electrode. Under these eCO2R conditions, the copper SAC-PG catalyst displayed extremely high current densities (32 – 75 mA/cm2) over a range of voltages (1.0-1.2 V vs RHE) and acceptable faradaic efficiencies for the carbon products (with maximum FE over 60% in total for all carbon products).In conclusion, a 2D metal covalent organic framework containing a repeating unit of Cu-porphyrin linked by butadiyne linkages was established. This unique structure showed effective CO2R catalysis due to its nanoporous structure, high electronic conductivity, and abundant metal cites utilization. Further optimization and constriction of these easily adjustable catalysts open up various possibilities of further exploration in the field of eCO2R. Acknowledgement: The author Zubair Masaud acknowledges support from the Norwegian Micro- and Nano-Fabrication Facility (NorFab, No. 245963/F50) The author Hao Huang acknowledges Marie Skłodowska-Curie Actions individual fellowship CarbonChem 101024758.

Uranium recovery from phosphate rocks/minerals – A comprehensive review

Although the use of nuclear energy is still viewed with caution due to various problems associated, such as the safe operation of 'aging' nuclear plants and the final disposal of nuclear waste, many countries in Europe are now increasingly considering nuclear energy as an alternative to reducing fossil fuel energy production. At the present stage primary sources of uranium are sufficient to meet uranium needs and secondary sources are becoming increasingly important in terms of their long-term availability and environmental friendliness. Mining/recovery of uranium from secondary sources (such as phosphate minerals) is considerably safer in terms of exposure to radiological radiation and therefore requires less stringent safety measures. Uranium is also present in waste produced from certain industrial processes such as fertilizer production industry (e.g. phoshogypsum) and in nuclear waste. This work refers to the extraction and recovery of uranium from phosphate rocks, which is directly related to the production of uranium-free phosphate fertilizers and aims to limit environmental pollution related to the use of phosphate fertilizers. Since the chemistry during the leaching step is critical to efficient uranium recovery, various investigations have been carried to study various parameters that play an important role in achieving an optimum uranium extraction from rocks. Uranium leaching is carried out under acidic or alkaline conditions and the choice of chemistry is determined by the mineralogy of the host rocks. Acid leaching yields a higher recovery than alkaline leaching because the matrix is often more resistant to alkali than to acid leaching. However, the alkaline leaching process has the advantage of leading to the precipitation of a comparatively purer product directly from the leaching liquid. In addition, the washing solutions can be regenerated for further use, making this method more environmentally friendly. Recently alternative methods have been proposed which make use of uranium complexing ligands (e.g. EDTA) to achieve more efficient and selective uranium recovery.

Temporal Analysis of Energy Transformation in EU Countries

Due to the environmental policy adopted by the European Union (EU), EU countries are obliged to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. They reduce emissions largely through the energy transformation and switching to renewable energy sources (RES). Therefore, it is important to assess the progress of the energy transformation of individual EU countries. This is related to the aim of the article, which is a temporal analysis of the energy transformation process towards the transition to RES and reducing the use of fossil fuels in energy production. To achieve this goal, a new Temporal/Dynamic Multi-Criteria Decision-Making (T/DMCDM) method called Temporal PROSA was developed, based on the PROMETHEE and PROSA family of methods. The Temporal PROSA method, unlike many other T/DMCDM methods, enables the aggregation of data from many periods into a single final assessment, as well as the direct transfer of information from the examined periods to the overall result. As a result of the research, EU countries that dominated in terms of progress in energy transformation towards RES in the years 2004–2021were identified. Based on the data and methodology used, it was indicated that these countries are primarily Sweden and Portugal, and recently also Denmark and Finland. On the other hand, countries such as Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Luxembourg, and Poland made the least progress between 2004 and 2021.

Investigating the Effects of Different Types of Battery Impacts in Energy Storage Systems on Standalone Hybrid Renewable Energy Systems

Energy plays an important role in the development of a country. Developing countries tend to lean towards the use of domestic renewable energy sources to reduce their dependency on foreign energy. However, when looking at the world as a whole, the share of fossil fuels in energy production is at high levels. Due to the rapid depletion of fossil fuels and their increasing costs, as well as the environmental damage they cause, electricity generation from cheaper and cleaner renewable energy sources is being targeted in the area where work will be done. Hybrid energy systems are used in conjunction with backup Unitss due to the variable nature of renewable energy sources such as wind and solar. In this study, a hybrid energy system with solar-wind-diesel generator-battery components was designed through HOMERPro software to meet the electricity demand of the closed prison in Burhaniye district of Balikesir. Simulations were carried out by applying 5 different battery scenarios in the hybrid energy system, and the optimum result was obtained. As a result, the effect of the batteries used on the system was examined, and the vanadium redox battery system with a high renewable energy ratio and the lowest Units energy cost was determined to be the most optimum.

Dampak Buruk Polusi Udara Bagi Kesehatan Dan Cara Meminimalkan Risikonya

This literature review aims to determine the types of pollutants in the air, the range of air quality, the effects of air pollution, the adverse effects of air pollution on health and efforts to minimize the risks. The results of a literature search show that the types of pollutants that pollute the air are particulate matter, ozone, nitrogen dioxide, sulfur dioxide, carbon monoxide, viruses, fungi and bacteria. The range of air quality based on the air quality index is 0-50: healthy, 51-100: moderate, 101-150: unhealthy for sensitive individuals, 151-200: unhealthy for all groups, 201- 300: very unhealthy, 301 -500: dangerous. The effects of air pollution on health are fast and slow depending on individual sensitivity. The adverse effects of air pollution on health are triggering asthma attacks, triggering lung cancer, increasing the risk of infection and inflammation in the lung tissue, inhibiting child development, increasing the risk of low birth weight, causing respiratory problems, causing other lung diseases, increasing the risk heart disease and stroke, increase the risk of death, and interfere with mental health. Ways to minimize the adverse effects of air pollution on health, starting from yourself and the environment, are reducing the use of motorized vehicles, reducing the use of fossil fuels for energy production, buying recycled products, using sustainable products, planting trees, walking, riding bicycles, using public transportation, eating local and organic products, eating less meat, gardening, increasing awareness of the environment, and not using plastic bags. Another way is to consume food that is rich in essential nutrients and contains various antioxidants such as food sources of vitamin C, vitamin E, beta carotene and omega-3. When air pollution increases, foods that are suitable for consumption are broccoli, avocados, olive oil, nuts, oranges, grapes, turmeric, spinach, flaxseeds, and foods that are rich in vitamin B6, vitamin B12 and methionine which are sourced from natural ingredients. vegetable food, as well as animal food sources of omega-3 such as milk, cheese and fish. In addition, it is also necessary to apply a good lifestyle, a positive mindset and a healthy diet.
 Keywords : air pollution, health, disease, environment, food.

Energy consumption, economic growth and CO2 emissions in Azerbaijan

The primary goal of this research is to investigate the link between carbon dioxide emissions, energy consumption, and economic growth in Azerbaijan. Azerbaijan's economy is growing, and people have noticed that the country is using more energy. However, the issue of how this increase affects carbon dioxide emissions is controversial. The analyzes show that there is a linear relationship between energy consumption and carbon dioxide emissions. That is, as energy consumption increases, carbon dioxide emissions also increase. In addition, it is stated in the study that Azerbaijan focuses on fossil fuels in energy production and that this situation has an impact on carbon dioxide emissions. Policies such as increasing the use of renewable energy sources and increasing energy efficiency in Azerbaijan can help reduce carbon dioxide emissions. Finally, the Azerbaijan analysis shows that there is a linear relationship between energy consumption and carbon dioxide emissions, and policies such as the use of renewable energy sources and increasing energy efficiency can help reduce carbon dioxide emissions.

Recent advances of Nano-photocatalysts involved in hydrogen production by water splitting

Overexploitation of fossil fuels for energy production has impacted the globe tremendously in terms of warming and other environmental issues which is a grave issue of anxiety. An attractive solution would be to produce fuel like hydrogen, which is a clean renewable fuel as its combustion releases only water. Light-based splitting of water for hydrogen production using novel carbon and metal-based nano-catalysts has been the foremost emphasis of this review. The need for paradigm shifts from conventional semiconductors to novel nanocomposites, which could enhance the photocatalytic activity by reducing the recombination rate of photogenerated electron-holes/shortening the charge transfer distance through Z scheme, Type – II and Schottky junction is accentuated with recent advancements in the field. The implications and possible solutions with future perspectives to see hydrogen production technology are also deliberated.

A preliminary evaluation of different residual biomass potential for energy conversion in a micro-scale downdraft gasifier

Residual biomass can be a promising alternative to replace fossil fuels for energy production. Through small-scale gasification systems it is possible to obtain a fuel gas from solid biomass that can be used for electrical and thermal energy generation. In this work, six different biomasses (five agro-industrial residues and A1 ENplus pellets) were tested in a lab-scale prototype. For each tested feedstock, elemental and ash analyses were carried out. The contaminant amount in the produced gas was measured as well as the mass and energy fluxes to calculate the gasification efficiency. The ratio between the pressure drop across the reactor and the gas flow raised to the square was introduced to compare the gasifier behavior at different power outputs. The results showed that with the exclusion of the tests run with cork, the other tested agro-industrial residues (pistachio shell, hemp and driftwood) performed acceptably in terms of efficiency, providing also a char with a carbon content over 70% as by-product.

Cost Analysis for DC Microgrid Incorporating Renewable Energy Resources using Search- and Rescue-Based Emperor Penguin Optimization Algorithm

The increase in the usage of fossil fuels for energy production has led to the extermination of natural minerals, which gives rise to the hybridization of non-renewable resources with renewable resources. The energy generation system’s integration has confiscated a new problem in load dispatch to the consumers with economic satisfaction. In this research work, hybrid optimization is proposed for the economic load dispatch formation by allocating the power in the hybrid energy sources. The PV-WT-diesel generator is used for power generation, and the search- and rescue-based emperor penguin optimization algorithm is used to allocate the power to the corresponding generation unit. The implementation is done by considering the ramp rate limit and the valve point effect. The implementation is done on the MATLAB platform for modeling the hybrid energy source and the optimization process. As a result, the combination of tri-generators has proved for a better result, costing 27248.88$/hr. At 400 MW load, inducing the emission cost of 0.012$/hr. In contrast to other methods, the fuel and emission cost is reduced to 2.66%.

New paradigms in sustainable energy systems with hydrogen

Climate change, disturbance of the energy security resulting from increasing fuel prices due to conflicts, and disruptions to production and supply chains caused by COVID-19 have highlighted the need for the world to be prepared for future challenges. The environmental and climate change impacts of heavy use of fossil fuels for energy production have yielded numerous crucial challenges and will even cause increasingly more severe effects in the years to come. This is particularly important, as the utilization of fossil fuels is the largest contributor to the increasing emissions of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, which is leading to climate change and other problems. As a result, there is an emerging need to transition towards low or zero-emission energy systems where renewables and nuclear energy can play a critical role in the new energy equation and help establish the source ecosystem for hydrogen. Hydrogen, being the most abundant, clean, and energy-intensive element in nature, is an attractive alternative to fossil fuels. Furthermore, when produced using renewable energy sources, it is easier to reduce and control upstream emissions to produce or store hydrogen than fossil fuels. This study presents a framework for developing hydrogen technologies, building the necessary infrastructure, and selecting appropriate energy sources to help transition to a more sustainable and resilient energy system. There are also life cycle assessment studies conducted for various energy production technologies, including hydrogen, and their results are comparatively evaluated to confirm renewables and nuclear energy options would be the most suitable sources for hydrogen production. The global warming potential values of electricity production using nuclear and renewable energy are found to be 0.027 and 0.043 kg CO2 eq./kWh. Comparatively, the global warming potential for natural gas, oil and coal are found to be 0.2, 0.3 and 0.36 kg CO2 eq./kWh, respectively.