Forwarding Companies Research Articles

Medium-Duty Road Freight Transport—Investigation of Consumption and Greenhouse Gas Emissions of Battery Electric and Fuel Cell Trucks with Model-Based Predictions Until 2050

The present work intends to make a scientific contribution to future drive technology in medium-duty road freight transportation that is as objective and fact-based as possible. In cooperation with a medium-sized forwarding company, 1-day transports, previously driven with diesel trucks, were examined. Using a physically based model, which was first validated by comparing simulated CNG drive data with real-world diesel data, the findings were transferred to battery electric trucks (BETs) and fuel cell trucks (FCETs) and extrapolated to 2050 based on expected technological developments. The model makes statements based on the results of the investigated application regarding specific consumption, greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, consumption shares and recuperation. The CNG combustion technology (ICET-CNG) serves as a reference. BETs in this application have the lowest emission and consumption values: BET2050 will consume a third of the energy and emit a fifth of the GHGs of ICET-CNG2024. The weight of the battery leads to higher consumption values. FCETs have higher fuel consumption due to their longer drive trains. This is partially compensated by their lower weight: FCET2050 will consume 40% of the energy and emit a third of the GHGs of ICET2024. In long-distance traffic, aerodynamic drag is the dominant consumption factor, accounting for 40%, which should be addressed in further truck development. Recuperation extends the range by 3–7%.

Justification for the need to introduce a state classification of freight forwarders

The purpose of the study is to establish criteria for classifying freight forwarders. SWOT and ABC analysis methods were used. Problem areas of the Russian transport services market were identified and a classification option for freight forwarders was developed. A restraining factor in the development of any operator company in the Russian market is low trust on the part of customers. Often, in order to attract a large number of customers, firms take on obligations for which they do not have the necessary resources. The creation of a normative classifier of freight forwarders will solve this problem. Thus, customers will receive better information about the services, and operators will be forced to improve the quality of services by increasing the level of customer focus and integrating innovative technologies. Based on the results of the study, an analysis of the transport services market was conducted and a classification option for freight forwarders by levels was proposed, which will allow the state to collect statistical information on the current state of affairs and form a further development strategy on its basis. This work can be used to develop the transport strategy of the Russian Federation. The practical significance of the study is an option for amending the current legislation in order to increase the level of interaction between customers and freight forwarding companies.

Supplier performance assessment: Empirical evidence in Indonesian freight forwarding companies

This research aimed to assess the results of two vendors used by the company in the shipping process of export goods. Two leading suppliers for one similar activity had caused more difficulties in the monitoring and controlling activities of DHL Global Forwarding Indonesia. This research used qualitative and quantitative methods, with the Analytic Hierarchy Process decision-making method using 36 internal staff members as the sample. Through a qualitative calculation method by distributing questionnaires to the existing suppliers, namely Monang Sianipar Kargo and Andima Transportindo, it was found that the weighted score for Monang Sianipar Kargo was 22.84 and for Andima Transportindo was 10.66. Subcriteria and indicators should be prioritized in the criteria of Price and service, significantly to improve the performance of problematic suppliers. This research recommended using the Analytic Hierarchy Process for assessment since it facilitated the research development by the opinion of the company’s experts. Such a finding implied that a policy from the management was needed in the assessment of suppliers. As an implication, it was necessary to assess all suppliers cooperating with DHL Global Forwarding Indonesia by using actual data from the current month.

Prosedur Jasa Pengiriman Barang pada PT. Wahana Prestasi Logistik

Freight forwarding services do have an important role in economic growth, especially in freight transport using airplanes. Transportation that is getting better and developing rapidly and supported by the advancement of science and technology today, many domestic freight forwarding companies are also established. Where a company sends the goods in its handling in addition to using sophisticated facilities and infrastructure, the company also needs cooperation with other parties to expand the network and performance system of the company to be better in its handling. Therefore, there is also a lot of competition between companies in the field of freight forwarding services in selling their products to consumers, but not everyone can build a freight forwarding company properly, because to place a company in the domestic freight forwarding industry must be able to have professional human resources, and high work standard capabilities, if they want to get the best access to the market and trust from consumers. This development has caused many problems that must be immediately addressed by freight forwarding companies in order to maintain their business, especially to increase revenue in the sales function. Such conditions have caused companies to work hard to capture the market, through a coordinated organizational structure, high specialization, and the ability of management to work effectively and efficiently.

Customer Service and Delivery Service Quality of Delivery Service Companies

The development of goods delivery services could be seen from the growth of service companies’ quantity domestically and abroad. People could determine which delivery services they will use based on their will and the service quality. Freight forwarding companies often experience difficulty in retaining delivery services’ loyal customers. The purpose of the study is to analyze the influence of satisfaction, service quality, and customer’s services on customer’s loyalty of the freight forwarder company. The research technique used the Quantitative approach that the survey data was collected and processed using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) method of AMOS 22 software. This research used 200 purposive sampling of the company’s customers as respondents. The results show that there is direct and indirect influence of customer’s satisfaction, service quality, and customer’s service on customer’s loyalty. Therefore, the role of service quality and customer’s satisfaction has a significant impact on the business continuity of freight forwarding service companies. It means that the freight forwarding company should maintain the customer’s loyalty optimally by increasing customer’s satisfaction through the quality of service provided to customers in order to build the customer’s loyalty.

The role of freight forwarding companies in detecting and investigating trade-based money laundering

PurposeThis study aims to investigate the role of freight forwarding companies in detecting and reporting trade-based money laundering. The proximity of freight forwarding companies to shipping-related trade-based money laundering red flags places them in an ideal position to detect suspicious transactions.Design/methodology/approachThe study used semi-structured interviews with expert participants in freight forwarding shipping and compliance aspects around freight forwarding. This study focuses on the South African context.FindingsFreight forwarding companies are well-positioned to detect, investigate and report on trade-based money laundering schemes. However, the companies are not always aware of the guidelines designed to assist in identifying trade-based money laundering schemes. Thus, freight forwarding companies develop internal processes to identify trade anomalies but are often unable to link trade anomalies to illegal financial flows and trade-based money laundering schemes.Research limitations/implicationsThe current regulations on money laundering can be extended to freight forwarding companies by the respective regulators for enhanced anti-money laundering protection. This study is limited to freight forwarding companies in a South African context.Practical implicationsIncreased awareness among staff in freight forwarding companies can assist them in identifying trade-based money laundering red flags to detect and prevent trade-based money laundering schemes.Social implicationsThis paper assists other role players and policymakers in the trade process to create a better awareness of trade-based money laundering. The limited obligations on freight forwarding companies to comply with anti-money laundering regulations lead to a more volunteer-like compliance practice.Originality/valueTo the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first paper that offers insight into the role of freight forwarding companies in detecting trade-based money laundering in South Africa.

IMPLEMENTATION OF RPA BOTS IN COLD SUPPLY CHAIN LOGISTICS

Due to the significant use of low-temperature logistics in the transportation of perishable goods, the demand for the cold chain has increased. To ensure delivery efficiency and reduce damage, logistics companies should monitor the status of deliveries over short time intervals. Tracking the delivery status is a time-consuming, resource-intensive, inefficient and repetitive process. Therefore, robotic Process Automation (RPA) applications have attracted the attention of practitioners in the cold chain logistics industry. By studying the workflow of cold chain logistics, this study helps to identify possible areas that require automation. As part of the case study, the performance of two automatic RPA robots used in a forwarding company to check the condition of cargo and temperature conditions was tested and evaluated. The results showed that the introduction of RPA into the workflow significantly reduces data processing time.

The Influence of Product Price and Quality on Customer Repurchase Intentions Through Customer Satisfaction Mediation

This research was conducted with the aim of knowing the influence of prices and products on PT. XYZ Forwarding Indonesia on Repurchase Intention with customer satisfaction as an intervening variable. This affects business competition conditions in the Freight Forwarding industry. Currently, many Freight Forwarding companies have just been established and dare to provide the best offers to attract their customers. The type of research used is quantitative research using a questionnaire as a data collection instrument. The population in this study was PT service users. XYZ Forwarding Indonesia, the sample used was 154 people who had used the service at least twice. The sampling technique used is Probability Sampling. Data analysis technique through SEM-PLS measurements with the help of Smart PLS 4.0.5.9. Software. Based on the results of SEM analysis, the results show that price has a positive effect on customer satisfaction. On the other hand, price has a negative effect on repurchase intention. Then the product is stated to have a positive effect on customer satisfaction and the product also has a positive effect on repurchase interest. Customer satisfaction has a positive effect on repurchase interest. Furthermore, products do not have a direct influence on repurchase interest but are mediated through customer satisfaction. Price also does not have a direct influence on repurchase interest and is mediated through customer satisfaction. So from a Freight Forwarding perspective, companies must pay attention to price in each sale to be able to fulfill customers' desires and make repeat purchases.

Certificate of Origin Management in Supporting the Export Process: A Qualitative Descriptive Analysis on Marine Cargo Expeditions

The complexity of managing export documentation and the lack of knowledge of regulations in the importing country cause non-fulfilment of requirements and cancellation of exports. This study aims to determine the stages and the mechanism for managing certificates of origin in the export process by freight forwarding or marine cargo expedition representing the exporter. The research used qualitative descriptive methods and approaches. Data was collected by observation and documentation at two marine cargo expedition companies in Semarang, Central Java, Indonesia. Data is analyzed and presented using a flowchart diagram. The results show that these companies manage COO documents through the eSKA website, with the completeness of filling in the basic information of exporters, consignees, route and transport, and supporting documents, including export declaration, packing list, invoice, goods, and cost structure. Overall, export documents are indispensable for international trade as they ensure goods' legal compliance and smooth flow across borders. The role of the freight forwarding company or marine cargo expedition in this process is to advise the exporter on the required paperwork, ensure compliance with relevant regulations, and communicate with the appropriate authorities to obtain the certificate. The positive implications of this research are that the administration of export documentation, particularly Certificates of Origin (COO) via the eSKA platform by marine cargo expeditions, enhances time efficiency for exporters and proves efficacious in ensuring the legal compliance of COO document handling. Moreover, COOs can yield favourable effects through preferential tariffs, thereby augmenting the competitiveness of exported goods.

Analisis Pemilihan Supplier Suku Cadang dengan Menggunakan Metode AHP dan TOPSIS di Perusahaan Forwarding

The forwarding company that will be studied is a subsidiary operating in the logistics services sector of a State-Owned Enterprise (BUMN) company that provides forwarding and warehousing services. The company has 30 trailer trucks in operation so it needs a competent spare parts supplier to meet the company's needs. Currently, companies only pay attention to price as the main factor in choosing suppliers, which ultimately causes late deliveries from these suppliers. In addition to looking for the best suppliers that companies should choose, this research aims to determine the main criteria and main sub-criteria for businesses in the process of selecting spare parts providers. In determining the weight of each criterion and ranking of suppliers that companies should prioritize, the TOPSIS approach and AHP method are used in this research. There are 5 criteria and 15 sub-criteria as well as 4 alternative suppliers that are compared. The supplier with the highest weight after using Expert Choice 11 software and the AHP technique is supplier 1 with a weight of 0.421, supplier 2 with a weight of 0.164, supplier 3 with a weight of 0.12, and supplier 4 with a weight of 0.294. By using the TOPSIS approach, supplier priority is obtained, namely supplier 1 has a preference value of 0.9256, supplier 4 has a value of 0.5217, supplier 2 has a value of 0.1829, and supplier 3 has a value of 0.0180.

Determination of Customer Loyalty in the International Cargo Company

The purpose of this research is to understand the Factors Influencing Customer Loyalty: This study probably aims to investigate the factors that most influence customer loyalty in the freight forwarding sector. This can include aspects such as the relationship between the company and customers, service quality, customer satisfaction, price, and other relevant factors and measure the level of customer loyalty to freight forwarding companies in East Jakarta. This can be done through surveys, interviews, or analysis of historical data. The study used quantitative methods, which used random sampling for respondents to find data, the population is a user of freight forwarders in the East Jakarta Area by disseminating online and directly. Data analysis was processed using SEM PLS series 4 to find a definite answer from the results of the questionnaire distribution that lasted for two months. In this study, only the relationship between relationship and customer loyalty showed statistical significance, but the direction of the relationship did not match initial predictions. The relationship between Customer Satisfaction and Customer Loyalty has not been shown to be statistically significant. Recommendations in the freight forwarding sector, increasing customer loyalty can be achieved through improved customer relationships, consistent service quality, and ensuring customer satisfaction. By focusing on these aspects, companies can strengthen long-term relationships with customers and improve their performance in the freight forwarding industry

The Responsibility of a Sea Freight Transport Management Services Company for Damage to Goods in a Third-Party Logistics Agreement

<p class="TableParagraph"><em>This research aims to analyze the limits and forms of accountability carried out by Freight Forwarding companies which are based on TPL agreements. This research is normative legal research with a conceptual, case and statutory approach. The research results confirm that Freight Forwarding's liability limits only cover damage and loss of goods resulting from errors and/or negligence from management and logistics management aspects which are direct losses. In connection with losses that are consequential or indirect, responsibility cannot be held. Liability is excluded in the event of force majeure or losses caused by the carrier. The form of accountability that must be given by Freight Forwarding regarding its mistakes is that first Freight Forwarding must be able to prove that it is not guilty according to the principle of presumption of liability. However, if Freight Forwarding cannot prove that it is not at fault then the form of liability that Freight Forwarding must provide is compensation as specified in the TPL agreement.</em></p>

Автоматизація побудови, порівняння та вибору маршрутів та схем доставки в системі мультимодальних перевезень


 The article proposes the application of a methodical approach to choosing the optimal route of multimodal transportation based on a module integrated into the information system of a freight forwarding company. The functions of the module are to build an optimal delivery scheme and meet all customer requirements, both domestic and international multimodal transportation, taking into account the changing circumstances in the conditions of instability caused by the state of war and the need to reorient the usual delivery routes.
 In the conditions of military operations, this method of automated search and comparison of alternative routes allows taking into account changing conditions that develop in real time, while the cargo flow should be accompanied by an information flow that would also be available in real time. The proposed structure of the database, the structures of requests for development routes., developed forms of source documents. The criteria for comparing routes of different dimensions are defined: the difference in the distance of cargo transportation, the costs of changing the existing system of cargo transportation, increasing the level of transportation safety, delivery time, reducing the cost of delivering a batch of goods, the difference in delivery time. A solution to the multi-criteria decision-making problem by normalizing the criteria and the additive optimization method is proposed. The method of determining the best route and supply scheme is implemented in the "decision-making" module, which is integrated into the information system of the transport forwarding company.
 The result of the practical implementation of the proposed method of construction, comparison and selection of routes and delivery schemes in the system of multimodal transportation based on the integrated module in the information system of the transport and forwarding company is the possibility of quick response to changes in external circumstances, warnings of emergency and conflict situations, control of the transportation process along the entire route and , if necessary, making adjustments to the route and delivery scheme, choosing a safe and effective option by the operator of multimodal transportation.

How can handling customers’ complaints make freight forwarding companies resilient to future challenges?

It is unquestionably impossible to separate the complexity of freight forwarding tasks in managing export-import documents from the issues that lead to customers' complaints. For this reason, this study is conducted to deeply investigate the forms of customer complaints at freight forwarding companies, the complaints handling strategies used, as well as explore the service recovery generated after complaints. It involved four freight forwarding companies in DKI Jakarta province. The staff who handled customer complaints from each company was asked to fill out a complaint sheet whenever the complaints were addressed for two weeks. Interviews with each staff were conducted to confirm data from the sheet and also to further explore the company’s complaint-handling strategy and service recovery. The data were analyzed descriptively by reading the complaints sheets and the interview transcription several times, coding the emergent themes, and categorizing them. The results showed that the customers’ complaints belong to four categories, namely complaints related to time, documents, costs, and means of transportation. The strategy for handling customer complaints varied based on the media used to address complaints. The strategy for handling complaints addressed orally via a phone call was apologizing, finding out the source of the problems, as well as giving explanations and solutions. However, complaints addressed in written form via email and WhatsApp messages were handled by directly addressing the problem and then informing the customer. This research indicated that companies need to make continuous service recovery by improving problematic side areas in order to increase customer retention.

Developing models of environment uncertainty, incoterms on strategic alliance and competitive advantage

This study aims to analyze the impact of environmental uncertainty and Incoterm on strategic alliances and competitive advantage in the Freight Forwarder Industry in Indonesia. The measuring method examines how variables, including environmental uncertainty, Incoterm, and strategic alliances, affect competitive advantage using SmartPLS technology and structural equation modeling (SEM) analysis. The questionnaire was created using a 5-point Likert scale. Through a simple random selection procedure, study participants selected freight forwarder companies. Validity, reliability, and significance tests—often along with hypothesis testing—are all included in the sequential data analysis. The study has identified the following relationships based on an evaluation of the data processing: Strategic alliances are positively impacted by environmental uncertainty, Incoterm is positively affected by environmental uncertainty, Incoterm is positively influenced by competitive advantage, and strategic alliances are positively affected by competitive advantage. The novelty of this study is the influence of environmental uncertainty and Incoterm on Strategic alliance and competitive advantage in the Freight Forwarder Industry in Indonesia. The theoretical implication supports previous theories on environmental uncertainty and Incoterm to increase competitive advantage through strategic alliances. The practical implication is for the management of a Freight forwarding company to scan the uncertainty of the logistics environment and implement the selection of the right Incoterm to encourage strategic alliances to encourage competitive advantage. This research makes a significant contribution to the advancement of scientific principles, particularly within the field of strategic management. Furthermore, it provides a valuable reference and comparative material for future studies focusing on the impact of environmental uncertainty and Incoterm on strategic alliances and competitive advantage within the freight forwarder industry in Indonesia.

Striking the Balance: The Priority Ranking of Flexible Work Arrangements in Freight Forwarding Companies

The Flexible Work Arrangements (FWA) is increasing its prominence in today’s business world. Companies are increasingly adopting flexibility to improve employee happiness and overall operational efficiency as the landscape of work patterns evolves. There is a growing research need to address the relative importance of different FWA according to specific business fields of the companies. This study aims to contribute to the field of organizational management by systematically prioritizing and ranking various FWA in the context of Turkish freight forwarding companies using the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) methodology. The literature mainly suggests available FWA and their individual contributions to employee satisfactions. However, there is a research gap to identify the most relevant methods that match the specific needs of the sea freight forwarding sector. This study tries to construct a complete hierarchy of flexible work arrangements by meticulously using the AHP framework and including the viewpoints of both academics and Human Resources (HR) officials. This study seeks to establish a comprehensive hierarchy of flexible work arrangements, taking into account practices such as remote work, flextime, flexplace, and leave control, among others, through a meticulous application of the AHP framework. The findings of this study are expected to provide practical insights, assisting freight forwarding firms in making educated decisions on the implementation and priority of flexible work practices and promoting a harmonious and productive work environment.

The Impact Of Digital Trust On Customer Satisfaction And Loyalty (The Case Of Digitalization In Container Shipping Services In Indonesia)

The COVID-19 pandemic has driven digital transformation in many industries. Digitalization is also developing and affecting non-technology industries, including the cargo shipping industry with containers using ships in Indonesia which is experiencing digitalization changes in its services and operations. Indonesian container shipping companies have prepared strategies to maintain long-term relationships by increasing customer satisfaction and loyalty through digitalization. The purpose of this study was to determine how the effect of digital trust compared to service quality on customer satisfaction and loyalty. Qualitative data collection was conducted across 152 freight forwarding companies with respondents working in operations, customer service, sales, and marketing departments. The hypothesis is tested using a structural equation model (SEM). The research found that digital trust has no direct relationship with customer loyalty; But when mediated by customer satisfaction, digital trust affects customer loyalty. Service quality remains a determinant of customer satisfaction and loyalty. This research presents the influence of customer loyalty not only through traditional service quality but also digital trust in the modern era, which is still relatively new in the container shipping industry in Indonesia.

Analysis of Incoterms and Relational Resources to Improve Competitive Advantage: A Study of Freight Forwarders Company in Indonesia

This study aims to analyze the impact of Incoterm and relational resources on the competitive advantage of Indonesian Freight forwarders. The measurement methodology uses structural equation model (SEM) analysis with SmartPLS software to analyze the impact of Incoterms and relational resources on competitive advantage. Through social media, online questionnaires were sent to gather research data. The Likert scale of 5 was used to create the questionnaire. Companies that provide freight forwarding services were the respondents in this study, chosen by simple random sampling. Online questionnaires were distributed to 75 companies to answer questions submitted. The data analysis step is validity tests, reliability tests, significance tests, and hypothesis tests. Based on the data processing results, it is found that Incoterm and relational resources positively affect competitive advantages. The novelty of this study is a model of the relationship between the effect of Incoterm and relational resources on the competitive advantage of freight forwarding companies. The research's theoretical implication is that Freight forwarder companies' management should select appropriate incoterms and implement relational resource policies to encourage increased competitive advantage. One of the limitations of this study is that the sample size used is only a small number of companies engaged in international Freight Forwarder services, only 75 companies.

Competency Modeling at an International Freight Forwarding Company in Bangkok, Thailand

This study presents a competency modeling exercise conducted at a company located in Bangkok, Thailand. The company provides international logistics and freight forwarding services. The findings of this study include the key competencies and competency gaps, as well as the organization development methods to fill those competency gaps. The study identifies the need for competency modeling and management based on the company’s strategic plan. Based on the review of the literature and the identification of one in-depth interview and multiple focus groups as the data collection method, a competency modeling process is devised. Referring to the data collected from the in-depth interviews and focus group discussions; the authors present the competency modeling process and identify the gaps for each job category. In the latter part of the study, the authors present the organization’s development methods, recommend ways to fill the competency gaps, and indicate the relevance of updating the competency scorecard every year. This study will be helpful for human resource managers, line managers, and supervisors in the logistics and supply chain industry. Moreover, the findings of this study will be helpful for the employees of such companies and their leadership and management alike. Considering the changes brought about by the pandemic, this study can be used by other logistics service providers as a benchmark for competency management.

Application of the Decision Tree Method to Decision Makin in Using Trucking Services at A Freight Forwarding Company

PT. Ricakusuma Lestari Abadi is a company operating in the freight forwarder sector by providing transportation services. Non-optimality and limited fleet capacity causes delivery activities to be inefficient in terms of time and cost. This research aims to determine the application of the decision tree method and determine the correct choice of decision making when using trucking services.
 Selecting trucking services using the Decision Tree method is a decision tool that uses a tree-shaped decision model. Meanwhile, for data analysis using the Decision Analysis method and to make it more effective and efficient, Information Technology is used in the form of Quantitative Method (QM) For Windows 5 software.
 The dependent variable in this research is the Decision Tree Method, and the independent variable is decision making. The data used in the research is field research and observation, direct observation at PT. Ricakusuma Lestari Abadi.
 The results of this research produced a minimum yield for Colt Diesel Engkel (CDE) trucks of IDR 270,000 for the Jakarta Area in the AKU trucking category and IDR 382,500 for Bekasi destinations in the ATT trucking category. And the minimum yield on a Colt Diesel Double (CDD) truck is IDR 315,000 for the Jakarta Area with the AKU trucking category and IDR 472,500 for Bekasi with the ATT trucking category.